Development

Needs of Human Being

Needs
Esteem Friendship and Love, Security, and Physical Needs. Deficiency needs or d-needs

Relationship
Does any order or hierarchy exists between them? What will happen if any of these needs is not satisfied?

Motivation Theory
If these "deficiency needs" are not met, the body gives no physical indication but the individual feels anxious and tense. The most basic level of needs must be met before the individual strongly desires the secondary or higher level needs.

Physiological Needs
Physiological needs are obvious and literal requirements for human survival. Air, water, and food are metabolic requirements for survival in all animals, including humans. Clothing and shelter provide necessary protection from the elements. The intensity of the human sexual instinct is shaped more by sexual competition than maintaining a birth rate adequate to survival of the species.

Safety Needs
With their physical needs relatively satisfied, the individual's safety needs take precedence and dominate behavior. Safety and Security needs include: Personal security, Financial security, Health and wellbeing, and Safety net against accidents or illness and their adverse impacts

Love and Belonging

After physiological and safety needs are fulfilled, the third layer of human needs are social and involve feelings of belongingness. Maintain emotionally significant relationships in general, such as: Friendship, Intimacy, and Family

Esteem
Esteem presents the normal human desire to be accepted and valued by others. People need to engage themselves to gain recognition and have an activity or activities that give the person a sense of contribution, to feel self-valued, be it in a profession or hobby.

Self-Actualization
What a man can be, he must be. This forms the basis of the perceived need for self-actualization. This level of need pertains to what a person's full potential is and realizing that potential. E.g. To become an ideal parent, athletic, entrepreneur or others In order to reach a clear understanding of this level of need one must first not only achieve the previous needs, physiological, safety, love, and esteem, but master these needs.

Criticism

Individualistic Collectivist

What would happen ?

Asking Volunteers to throw rings over pegs whereby no distance was stipulated

What would happen ?

Parents asking their child to do that activity in which he is disinterested

What would happen ?

Moving through an unknown path towards a goal

Achievement-Motivation

Could we relate achievement with motivation?

Characteristic

Achievement-Motivated individuals set goals which they can influence with their effort and ability, and as such the goal is considered to be achievable.

Achievement Motivation
David McClelland describes three types of motivational need, which he identified in his 1961 book, The Achieving Society

Achievement motivation (n-ach), Authority/power motivation (n-pow), and Affiliation motivation (n-affil).

The need for achievement (n-ach)

Achievement Motivated Seeks Achievement Attainment of realistic but challenging goals Advancement in the job. Need for feedback for achievement and progress. Characterized by the wish to take responsibility for finding solutions to problems, mastercomplex tasks, set goals, get feedback on level of success.

The need for Authority and Power (n-pow)

Authority Motivated Need to be influential, effective and to make an impact. Strong need to lead and for their ideas to prevail. Motivation and need towards increasing personal status and prestige. Characterized by a drive to control and influence others, a need to win arguments, a need to persuade and prevail.

The need for Affiliation (n-affil)

Affiliation Motivated Need for friendly relationships, liked and held in popular regard. Motivated towards interaction with other people. Team players. Characterized by a desire to belong, an enjoyment of teamwork, a concern about interpersonal relationships, and a need reduce uncertainty.

High Achievement Motivation

Most people possess and exhibit a combination of these characteristics. A strong n-affil undermines a manager's objectivity, because of their need to be liked, and that this affects a manager's decision-making capability. A strong n-pow produces a determined work ethic and commitment to the organisation, but lags the required flexibility and people-centred skills. A strong n-ach people are the best leaders, although there can be a tendency to demand too much which of course most people are not.

Characteristics of Achievement-Motivated People

achievement is more important than material or financial reward. achieving the aim or task gives greater personal satisfaction than receiving praise or recognition. financial reward is regarded as a measurement of success, not an end in itself. security is not prime motivator, nor is status. feedback is essential, because it enables measurement of success, not for reasons of praise or recognition

Characteristics of Achievement-Motivated People

achievement-motivated people constantly seek improvements and ways of doing things better. achievement-motivated people will logically favour jobs and responsibilities that naturally satisfy their needs, ie offer flexibility and opportunity to set and achieve goals, eg., sales and business management, and entrepreneurial roles.

Source of Motivation
Failure Fear Success Support Interest Attitude Ability Confidence Boosted Morale

Achievement Motivation
Questions

Thanks