I.

Introduction
Good afternoon ladies and
gentlemen. My name’s Hồ Quốc
Anh. I’m glad to be here today to
talk about a critical issue relating
to environment. It’s global
warming.
As you know, recently years we’ve
suffered hottest summer.
The average surface temperature
of Earth is about 15°C (59°F). Over
the last century, this average has
risen by about 0.6 Celsius degrees.
Signs of GW are around us. The
Earth’s atmosphere and oceans are
warming, sea levels are rising, heat
waves and droughts are increasing
in severity, causing greater harm to
agriculture and human health.
Climate change is coming faster,
with larger impacts and bigger
risks.
In the next 10mins I’m going to talk
about the effects of GW on the
world economy and people’s life
and the solutions to reduce these
impacts. But firstly I’d like to start
with the definition of GW and its
causes. So what’s GW.
Global warming is
an increase in the average
temperature of the atmosphere,
oceans, and landmasses of Earth.
Reseach showed that the planet
has warmed many times during the
4.6 billion years of its history.
There are many misconceptions
about GW. Some believe that
pollution causes GW, but in fact, it
is the result of burning fossil fuels,
such as coal, oil, and natural gas,
which releases into the atmosphere
carbon dioxide (Co2), methane
(CH4), and nitrous oxide (N2O)
known as greenhouse gases. These
gases occur naturally. The Earth
uses those gases to warm its
surface. As the atmosphere
becomes richer in these gases, it
becomes a better insulator,
retaining more of the heat provided
to the planet by the Sun.
They believe Human’s activities
add to the levels of these gasses,
causing more problems. The
increase in agriculture,
deforestation, landfills, industrial
production, and mining also
contribute a significant share of
emissions too.
Now, I’d like to discuss about the
impacts of GW on people’s life.
Global warming or climate change
threatens the basic elements of
people’s life – access to water, food
and health.
2.1.1 Water
First of all, people will feel the
impact of climate change most
strongly through changes in the
distribution of water for life around
the world.
Melting glaciers and loss of
mountain snow will increase flood
risk during the wet season and
threaten dry-season water supplies
to over one billion people. Climate
change will have serious
consequences for people who
depend heavily on glacier melt-
water to maintain supplies during
the dry season.

2.1.2 Food
Secondly, Global warming can
affect our future ability to obtain
food. As climates change, plants
and animals will change, leading to
a change in the eating patterns of
humans.
More over, Around 800 million
people are currently at risk of
hunger and malnutrition causes
around 4 million deaths annually.
According to one study, once
temperatures increase by 3°C, 250
- 550 million additional people may
be at risk – over half in Africa and
Western Asia, where the declines in
yield are greatest, dependence on
agriculture highest, and purchasing
power most limited.

2.1.3 Health
Finally GW impacts on people
health. Throughout the world, the
prevalence of particular diseases
and other threats to human health
depend largely on local climate.
Several serious diseases only
appear in warm areas. Extreme
temperatures can directly cause
the loss of life.
In a warmer world, scientists
predict that more people will get
sick or die from heat stress.
Diseases now found in the tropics,
transmitted by mosquitoes and
other animal hosts. Today 45
percent of the world’s people live
where they might get bitten by a
mosquito carrying the parasite that
causes malaria. The figure may
increase to 60 percent if
temperatures rise continuously.

2.2Effects
of Global Warming on world
economy
So, we’ve looked at the impacts of GW
on people’s life. Next we will find out how
does it affect the world economy. Series of
studies on the impacts of climate
change have shown that a climate
warming could bring very bad effects
that damage the world economy on
agriculture, insurance, and
infrastructure…
2.2.1. Agriculture
Firstly, GW harms the Agriculture.
As the atmosphere warms, the surface
layer of the ocean warms as well, and
thus raising sea level 10 to 25 cm
during the 20th century. A 1M sea-
level rise would affect 6 million people
in Egypt, with 12% to 15% of
agricultural land lost, 13 million in
Bangladesh, with 16% of national rice
production lost, and 72 million in
China with "tens of thousands" of
hectares of agricultural land lost.
2.2.2. Insurance
Secondly, An industry very
directly affected by the risks is the
insurance industry; the number of
major natural disasters has trebled
since the 1960s, and insured losses
increased fifteen fold in real terms
(adjusted for inflation). According
to one study, 35–40% of the worst
catastrophes have been climate
change related.
warner in a 2002 study shows
that "the increasing frequency of
severe climatic events" could cost
almost US$150 billion each year in
the next decade. These costs
would, through increased costs
related to insurance and disaster
relief, burden customers,
taxpayers, and industry alike.

2.2.3. Infrastructures
Finally, GW is directly responsible
to the degradation of
infrastructures. Annual, our world
has to suffer heavy losses due to
thousands of extreme weather
events such as storms, floods,
droughts, and heat waves. Roads,
airport runways, railway lines and
pipelines, (including oil pipelines,
sewers, water mains etc) may
require increased maintenance and
renewal as they become subject to
greater temperature variation.
Costs of extreme weather alone
could reach 0.5 - 1% of world GDP
by the middle of the century, and
will keep rising as the world warms.

3. What should we do to reduce the

impacts of global warming
 Well, I’ve told you about the
effects of GW. Let’s look now at the
solutions to reduce these impacts.
There are ways that you can help
prevent global warming. Car
pooling, auditing the energy in your
home, buying fuel-efficient cars,
and reducing the electricity in your
home are ways to help prevent
global warming. Especially,
planting tree is expected as the
best way to absorb CO2.
By the other ways, Government
authorities can help by passing
laws such as approving heavy
taxes on energy. Or they can sign
an international agreement with
other countries to legally bind
limits on emissions of heat trapping
gases.
Beside, rich nations should invest
more in research, help scientists
find out ways to lessen the emision
of greenhouse gases or find out
new clean energy for industry.
With cooperation from citizens and
government officials, I hope we can
slow down the effect of global
warming.
In conclusion, you see, Global
warming is a critical problem that is
gradually damaging the earth.
Fortunately, the solutions to global
warming are within our reach and
offer large economic benefits. It’s
time to act to reduce the emission
of greenhouse gases.