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Purpose
Asset retirement is the removal of an asset or part of an asset from the asset portfolio. This removal of an asset (or part of an asset) is posted from a bookkeeping perspective as an asset retirement. Depending on organizational considerations, or the business transaction which leads to the retirement, you can distinguish the following types of retirement: An asset is sold, resulting in revenue being earned. The sale is posted with a customer. An asset is sold, resulting in revenue being earned. The sale is posted against a clearing account. An asset has to be scrapped, with no revenue earned. An asset is sold to an affiliated company (refer to Manual Posting of Intercompany Asset Transfer/Retirement)
Process Flow
There are transactions and transaction types in the system for these different retirement types.
Asset Retirement
revenue from asset sale) first, and then post the asset retirement. An indicator in the posting transaction specifies that the system posts the asset retirement after the revenue posting. The prerequisite for this is that the sales revenue account in Financial Accounting, to which the revenue should be posted, has a field status variant in its master data in which the Asset retirement field (category Asset Accounting) is defined as a required or optional entry field. You define the field status variant in Customizing for Financial Accounting (Financial Accounting Global Settings Document Line Item Controls).
Complete/Partial Retirement
An asset retirement can refer to an entire fixed asset (complete retirement) or part of a fixed asset (partial retirement). In both cases, the system automatically determines, using the asset retirement dates entered, the amounts to be charged off for each depreciation area. You can initiate the partial retirement of a fixed asset by entering one of the following: The amount of the acquisition and production costs being retired A percentage rate A quantity
When you enter the amount of APC that is being retired, the system determines the percentage to be retired from the asset using the first depreciation area in which posting is to take place. It determines the percentage amount of APC being retired in that area, and uses the same percentage for other areas. You can enter a quantity, provided that you have not specified a retirement amount or percentage rate. The system interprets the quantity as a ratio to the total quantity of the asset and thereby determines the asset retirement percentage rate. If necessary, you can also manually correct the retirement amounts that were calculated by the system in individual depreciation areas. The system then recalculates the retirement amounts for that area, and any areas that are dependent on that area. The asset value date of the retirement is recorded in the asset master record. You cannot post any transactions with a value date before the value date of the last retirement. If you nevertheless need to post such a transaction, you must first reverse all retirements that lie after the value date of the belated posting. After posting the belated transaction, you can then re-post the retirements.
Make sure that you select the correct transaction type for both partial and complete retirement. For the complete retirement of a fixed asset acquired in previous years, always select a transaction type intended for prior-year acquisitions. A partial retirement can always relate either to prior-year acquisitions or to current-year acquisitions. The complete retirement of a fixed asset is only possible if all transactions to the asset were posted with a value date before the asset value date of asset retirement. You must clear or reverse down payments and investment support measures, which are in the same posting year as the retirement, before you post the complete retirement.
For information on the special concerns involved when retiring assets with investment support, see Investment Support on the Liabilities Side and Investment Support Managed on the Assets Side .
Retirement Costs
It is possible to enter the costs of the retirement (for example, removal costs) for statistical purposes during the retirement posting. The standard report for asset retirements (Information System) then displays these costs in a special field. Note that gain/loss and retirement costs are shown separately in the report. In addition, the retirement costs are not automatically transferred to cost accounting.
Mass Retirement
When an enterprise sells a large portion of its fixed assets (such as a plant or a building), it is necessary to post the retirement of all the individual assets which make up the whole. Since the number of affected assets can be very large, the FI-AA component makes it possible to make the necessary postings using mass processing. For more information, see Mass Retirement.