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JABATAN KESIHATAN MASYARAKAT

FAKULTI PERUBATAN
UNIVERSITI KEBANGSAAN MALAYSIA

SOCSO CASE STUDY


FFFF 3625
SESI 2008/2009

KUMPULAN B KUALA SELANGOR

AHLI-AHLI KUMPULAN

1. SHARIFAH KHADIJAH BT SYED UBAIDILLAH A113539


2. MOHAMAD FAIZAL BIN MOHD HAZASHAH A115070
3. MOHD MUHAIMIN BIN ABDULLAH A113600
4. NOR AISHAH BT BAHARUM A114904
5. NELSON SOON SIE CHUNG A115242
6. CARYN LEONG JIA WERN A114256
7. NOR HAFIZA BT AHMAD A114673
8. NURHANIM BT YAHAYA A113606
9. BOEY CHING YEEN A111301
10. WONG YEE MING A111010

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Table of Contents

Introduction Of Study................................................. ........................3


Chapter 1- Introduction to SOCSO.......................................................4
Chapter 2- Patient’s Information.......................................................18
Chapter 3- Family Data................................... ..................................21
Chapter 4- Home Visit......................................................... ..............26
Chapter 5- Workplace.................................... ...................................34
Chapter 6- Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994..........................40
Chapter 8- Recommendations......................................................... ...46
References.............................................................. ..................50

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INTRODUCTION OF STUDY
The objectives of our case study are:
1. To have a better view on SOCSO function, to whom it is applicable to
and the benefits that the insured person eligible to apply to incase
of any work related injury or disease.

2. To educate to patient about SOCSO so that they understand their


right as the insured person for SOCSO.

3. Give us an early exposure as a future doctor on what SOCSO is all


about and how it related with patient and what is our function.

In this task we have to make a case report regarding SOCSO case. We must find a patient
that have work related injury or disease and I relation with SOCSO. Firstly, we will
discuss about the patient clinically where we will explain on his injuries, his medical
history and his status now biologically, physically, psychosocially.

Next subtopic of this report we will explain on SOCSO. First by explaining


briefly what is the function of SOCSO, then we will relate it with this patient from the
start where we will explain the process of applying for SOCSO benefit specific to this
patient until the total benefits that this patient eligible to get.

By the end of this report we will discuss on our role in case of these kind of case
happens in our daily life as a doctor.

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CHAPTER 1- INTRODUCTION TO
SOCSO

1.1 The Coverage Provided To an Insured Person by SOCSO Under ESSA 1969

An insured person or dependants will be entitled to the following benefits :

• Periodical payments in the case of invalidity

• Periodical payments in the case of disablement suffered as a result of an employment


injury

• Periodical payments to the dependants of an insured person who dies as a result of an


employment injury

• Payments for funeral benefit or expense on the death of an insured person as a result
of an employment injury

• Periodical payments to an insured person who is in receipt of invalidity pension or


disablement benefit and is so severely incapacitated or disabled as to require the
personal attendance of another person

• Medical treatments for the attendance on insured persons suffering from disablement

• Periodical payments to dependants of an insured person who dies while in receipt of


invalidity pension

1.2 SCHEMES UNDER SOCSO

SOCSO provides coverage to eligible employees through 2 schemes namely :


1. Employment Injury Insurance Scheme (EIIS)
2. Invalidity Pension Scheme (IPS)

These schemes are classified into 2 categories:

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First category
• Comprises of EIIS and IPS.
• The contribution payment is made by both the employer and employee.
• The employer contributes 1.75% salary while the employee contributes 0.5% of the
salary.
Second category
• Comprises of EIIS only.
• The contribution is paid by the employer only by contributing 1.75% salary.
• An employee who is not eligible for coverage under the Invalidity Pension Scheme
is protected under this category.

1.2..1 Employment Injury Insurance Scheme (EIIS)

The EIIS provide coverage for :


1. Travelling (Commuting accident)
• On route between the place of residence and workplace

• Between the workplace the place where the employee takes meals

• On a journey directly connected to work

Except for accident that occur during a stoppage for personal reasons

2. Arising out of and in the course of employment


• While performing official duty at workplace which arise out of the
employment

3. Occupational disease
• Expose to various hazards by the nature of his duty

Benefits provided under the EIIS

1. Medical Benefit
• If an employee contracts any occupational disease or meet with an accident, he
is entitled to treatment at SOCSO panel clinic or any government hospital

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• To get a free treatment, the employee must bring along their:

a) Accident Report (Form 21) or an Identification


b) Letter from his employer/Report of OD Form 68 & Form 6

• Where the employee initially receives treatment in a SOCSO Panel Clinic,


treatment must be continued at the same clinic until recovery or unless he is
referred to a Government Hospital.

• In the event of serious injury, the treatment should be at the nearest


government hospital.

• Employee is eligible for second class ward treatment at the hospital.

• Reimbursement for medical expenditure incurred at a non SOCSO Panel


Clinic may only be submitted for consideration.

2. Temporary Disablement Benefit


• This benefit will pay for the period the employee is on medical leave if he has
been certified by a doctor to be unfit to work for 4 days.
• The daily rate of this benefit is equivalent to 80% of the average assumed
daily wage. However, they will be paid a minimum of RM10 and for those
who exceeds RM1900 per month will be paid a maximum rate of RM52 per
day.

3. Permanent Disablement Benefit


• For employee who has been certified by the Medical Board to be suffering
from permanent disablement as a result of an employment injury.
• The daily rate of this benefit is equivalent to 90% of the average assumed
daily wage to a minimum of RM10.
• They can claim the benefit paid as a lump sum if the permanent disablement is
assessed to be 20% or less. If it exceeds 20%, the employee can choose to
exchange 1/5 of the daily rate of permanent disablement benefit into a lump
sum payment while the balance will be paid as a monthly pension for life.

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• Claim can be made within 12 months from the date of Final Medical
Certificate Issued.
• While receiving this benefit, an employee may continue to work.
• If the Insured or SOCSO is not satisfied with the decision of the Medical
Board made, an appeal can be made at the Appealate Medical Board within 90
days from the date notification to the insured.

4. Constant Attendance Allowance


• For employee who is suffering from permanent total disablement or 100% loss
of earning capacity and requires the personal attendance of another person.
• Subject to a maximum of RM500, the allowance is equivalent to 40% of the
rate of permanent total disablement benefit.
• The Medical Board will determine the eligibility for this allowance

• Payment will be paid directly to the recipient.

5. Funeral Benefits
• For employee who dies due to employment injury or while receiving
disablement benefit.
• RM1500 will be given to eligible next-of-kin.

• If there are no next-of-kin, the person who incurred the funeral expenditure
will be given the maximum amount of the benefit which is the actual amount
incurred or RM1500, whichever is lower.

6. Rehabilitation Benefit
• For employee who suffers from permanent disablement, SOCSO will provide
facilities for vocational and physical rehabilitation.

• Physical rehabilitation includes physiotherapy, occupational therapy,


reconstructive surgery, and supply of artificial limps and other prosthetic
appliances, including their repair and replacement.

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• If he is unable to find a suitable job due to his condition, he can apply to
undergo vocational training in courses such as radio or TV repairs, metal trade
and etc.
• SOCSO will bear all expenses incurred for the purpose of vocational and
physical rehabilitation based on rates and conditions determined by SOCSO.

7. Dependent’s Benefit

• If an employee dies due to employment injury, his dependants are entitled to


this benefit.

• Subject to a minimum rate of RM10 per day, the full daily rate of dependants'
benefit is 90% of the average assumed daily wage.

• Where there is no widow, widower or an eligible child, the following persons


can receive the benefits if they depend wholly or partially on the employee's
income at the time of his death.

8. Educational Benefit
• For children of a permanent disablement benefit receiver that want to pursue
their studies in certificate, diploma or bachelor in higher learning institute.

1.2.2 The Invalidity Pension Scheme ( IPS )

IPS provides a 24-hour coverage to employees against invalidity and death due to any cause
not connected with employment before the age of 55 years.

Benefits provided under the IPS

1. Invalidity Pension

• Invalidity here means a serious disease or disablement of a permanent nature


that is either incurable or not likely to be cured, causing an employee to be
unable to earn at least 1/3 of what a normally able person could earn.

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• Heart attack, kidney failure, cancer, mental illness, chronic asthma and other
similar conditions are chronic illnesses or diseases that could be considered for
invalidity.

• The following conditions must be fulfilled by an employee to be eligible for


Invalidity Pension :

• at the time the notice of invalidity is received, the employee has not
completed the age of 55 years.

• if the employee has completed the age of 55 years when the notice of
invalidity is received, such employee has to provide proof that the
invalidity occurred before 55 years and he had ceased employment at that
time.

• certified as an invalid by a Medical Board or Appellate Medical Board

has fulfilled the contribution qualifying conditions.

There are 2 contribution qualifying conditions :

1. Full qualifying condition

• An employee is deemed to have fulfilled the conditions of full contribution qualification


if:

 Before the month in which the notice of invalidity is received, an employee's


monthly contributions within a period of 40 consecutive months must be at least
24 months.

 An employee has made monthly contributions for at least 2/3 of the number of
full months in the period between the date of first coverage under the Invalidity
Pension Scheme and the date the notice of invalidity is received by SOCSO.
This is subject to the condition that the total number of monthly contributions
made during the stated period, is at least 24.

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• The employee is qualified to receive the pension with the rate of 50-65% of the average
monthly salary.

2. Reduced qualifying condition

• An employee is deemed to have the reduced qualifying condition if:

 An employee has made monthly contributions for not less than 1/3 of the
number of full months in the period between the date of first coverage under the
Invalidity Pension Scheme and the date the notice of invalidity is received by
SOCSO.

 Before the month in which the notice of invalidity is received, an employee's


monthly contributions must be at least 24 months.

• The employee is qualified to receive the pension with the lower rate of 50% of the
average monthly salary.

• Minimum pension is RM 250 per month.

2. Invalidity Grant

• This is an outright payment paid to worker or employee who does not qualify
for the Invalidity Pension, as he does not meet any of the contribution
qualifying conditions stated, but has made at least 12 monthly contributions.

• It is equivalent to the total amount of contributions paid by the employee and


the employer for the Invalidity Pension Scheme including the interest thereof.

3. Constant Attendance Allowance

• For employee who is severely incapacitated and requires constant personal


attendance, the recipient of Invalidity Pension is also entitled to Constant
Attendance Allowance.

• The Medical Board or an Appellate Medical Board will decide on the


eligibility to receive this allowance and will pay the recipient of the benefit
directly.

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• Subject to a maximum of RM500 per month, the benefit is 40% of the rate of
Invalidity Pension.

4. Survivor’s Pension

• For employee who dies in any of the following situations, irrespective of the
cause of death:

a)While an employee is receiving invalidity pension irrespective of his age

b)An employee who is not a recipient of the invalidity pension and has not
reached the age of 55 years but met either the full contribution qualifying
condition or the reduced contribution qualifying condition.

• Where the deceased is a recipient of Invalidity Pension, the rate of the


Survivors Pension is equivalent to the rate of the Invalidity Pension received
by him.

• Where the deceased is not a recipient of the Invalidity Pension and has met the
full contribution qualifying conditions, the full rate of the Survivor's Pension
is between 50% to 65% of the average monthly wage depending on the
number of contributions made in his behalf.

• The rate of Survivors Pension will be 50% of the average monthly wage for an
employee who meets the reduced contribution qualifying condition.

• Dependants who are entitled for the pension are the same as those under the
Dependent Benefit of Employment Injury Scheme.

5. Funeral Benefit

• This benefit is paid to the eligible next-of-kin if an employee dies:

a) while receiving Invalidity Pension

b) before reaching the age of 55 but meets the full or reduced qualifying
contribution conditions.

• The amount and the persons qualified to receive this benefit are the same as
those under the Employment Injury Scheme

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6. Rehabilitation Benefit

• For employer who suffers invalidity. He is entitled to receive Rehabilitation


Benefit as provided under the Employment Insurance Injury Scheme.

The total contribution for the Invalidity Pension Scheme is about 1% of the wages of an
employee and is shared by the employer and the employee equally.

1.3 CONTRIBUTORS

An employee under a contract of service or apprenticeship and earning a monthly


wages of RM 3000 and below are compulsory to register with SOCSO regardless of age,
employment status, be it permanent or temporary.

On the other hand, it is optional for an employees who had never register with
SOCSO with a monthly wages of more than RM 3000 to register themselves under SOCSO
and to be covered under the schemes. However, consent from both parties are required
(employer and employee).

The principal of ‘Once In Always In’ is applied for SOCSO, that is, once an employee
register and contributed to SOCSO, attributed to lifetime contributions to SOCSO as long as
he or she is working, irrespective of his or her monthly wages although it exceeds RM 3000.

SOCSO protection plans are only eligible to Malaysian citizens and permanent
residents. It does not cover :-

• A person whose wages exceed RM3, 000 a month and has never been covered before.

• Self-employed workers

• Foreign workers – are protected under the Workmen's Compensation Act 1952.

• Government servants

• Domestic servants employed to work in a dwelling house which includes a cook,


gardeners, house servants, watchman, washer woman and driver.

• Employees who have attained the age of 55 only for purposes of invalidity but if they
continue to work they should be covered under the Employment Injuries Scheme

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1.4 CONTRIBUTION

It is a mandatory for an employer to register and insure all qualified employees even
if the employees have other private insurance coverage, as that stated in Employees' Social
Security Act 1969. It is compulsory for an employer to make contribution to the SOCSO on
behalf of the employees to insure them against employment injury and the contingencies of
invalidity.

SOCSO protection plan involves contribution from both the employers and
employees according to the rates specified under the Act, except for certain specific
conditions.

Employee’s with monthly wages less than RM 3000 must be registered and insured
from first month of employment. This includes a firm or company with one or more
employers with wages less than RM 1,000 per month. Coverage of an employee who had
reached the age of 55 and continues to be employed has also to be continued. In these two
special cases, contributions are borne solely by the employer.

Amount of contribution by the employer and employee is based upon the employee’s
monthly wages. Whereas, the rate of contribution is determined by the SOCSO Contribution
Schedule and contribution should be made on the first month a person is employed.

The employer contributes 1.75% of employees monthly wages for the Employment
Injury Insurance Scheme and the Invalidity Pension Scheme while the employee and
employer share 1% of wages for coverage under the Invalidity Pension Scheme.

Contribution by both employer and employee must be made not later than the last day
of the following month. For example, contribution for July 2008 must be paid not later than
31 March 2008. An employer is liable for Interest on Late Payments for Contributions (ILPC)
under Regulation 33 of the Employee’s Social Security (General) Regulations, 1971 with an
interest rate of 6% per annum in respect of each day delayed or default in payment of
contribution within the stipulated timeframe.

There are two categories for contribution:-

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First category Second Category
• Employment Injury Insurance • Employment Injury insurance
Scheme Scheme only

• Invalidity Pension Scheme

• Contribution made by both • Contribution by employer only


employer and employee

• For employees aged 55 and below • For employees who is not eligible
for coverage under Invalidity
Pension Scheme ( aged 55 years
and above and still working )

• For employees above 50 years of


age when first register and
contribute to SOCSO

• For an insured person receiving


Invalidity Pension who is still
working and receiving wages less
than 1/3 of the average monthly
wage before invalidity

Not all remuneration are considered in calculating an employer’s and employee’s


contribution. Below are the remuneration defined under wages to be taken into consideration
when calculating an employer’s and employee’s contribution to SOCSO :-

• Salary

• Commission

• Allowances such as incentives, good behaviour and cost of living ( COLA )

• Service charge

• Overtime payment

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• Payments for leaves such as annual leaves, sick and maternity leaves, public holidays
and rest days

Categories which are not defined under wages and should not be taken into account are as
below:-

• Gratuity payments for retrenchment or dismissal

• Mileage claims

• Payment by employers to any pension or provident fund for employees

• Annual bonus

1.5 EMPLOYER’S ROLES

i) An employer must cover their employees even if the employees have other private
insurance coverage.
ii) A company or firm with one or more employees whose individual earning s do not exceed
RM 1000 a month has to register with SOCSO. The contributions for such employees are
borne solely by employer.
iii) Where an employee reached the age of 55 and continues to be employed after that age,
only
the employer shall contribute to SOCSO for such employees.
iv) Under the Employees’ Social Security Act 1969, it is the duty of an employer to make the
contribution to the SOCSO on behalf of the employees to ensure them against
employment injury and contingencies of invalidity.
v) Under Employees’ Social Secuirity Act 1969, the principal employer will be liable, in the
event the employees have not been registered and the immediate employer cannot be
located.

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1.6 SOCSO’S APPLICATION

Invalidity pension

Invalidity means a serious disease or disablement of a permanent nature that is either


incurable or not likely to be cured, as a result of which an employee is unable to earn at least
1/3 of what a normally able person could earn.

The following conditions were fulfilled by Mr. Letchumanan A/L Raman to be


eligible for Invalidity Pension:

• at the time the notice of invalidity is received, he has not completed the
age of 55 years
• certified as an invalid by a Medical Board or Appellate Medical

Board

• he has fulfilled the contribution qualifying conditions.

Application process:

Claimant need to complete and submit these forms:

• PKS (F) 41 Form (notice of invalidity)


• Medical report
• A copy of identification card / birth certificate
• A copy of banking book and account number

The first payment of invalidity pension will be paid within 3 months if an employee is
qualified. For Mr. Letchumanan, his application have been rejected by SOCSO.

1.4 EMPLOYMENT INJURY INSURANCE SCHEME

The Employment Injury Scheme provides coverage for accidents that occur while :

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1. Travelling (Commuting accident)

• While travelling on a route between the place of residence or stay and the
work place.

• While travelling between the work place and the place where the employee
takes meals during any authorized recess.

• While travelling on a journey directly connected to work.

2. Arising out of and in the course of employment

• Accident that happens while performing official duty at the work place which
arise out of the employment.

3. Occupational diseases

• An employee contracting a disease to which he is exposed to various hazards


by the nature of his duty.

In this case report, our patient Mr. Letchumanan’s condition was not fulfilled the above
criteria to be eligible or qualify to obtain the coverage of Employment Injury Insurance
Scheme. Therefore, several benefits provided under the Employment Injury Insurance
Scheme such as the followings was not success and qualify to be apply by Mr. Letchumanan.
• Medical benefit

• Temporary disablement benefit

• Permanent disablement benefit

• Constant attendance allowance

• Rehabilitation benefit

• Dependent’s benefit

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Medical Benefits
Mr. Letchumanan who has been diagnose brain tumour and generalize tonic clonic seizure
since 5 years ago was not qualified for medical benefit. If his condition was fulfilled, from
medical benefit, he will be treated at SOCSO panel clinic or second class ward of government
hospital and treatment from specialist if needed.
Application process:
To be eligible for free treatment, the employee or his representative need to
complete these forms:
• Accident Report (Form 21)
• Letter from his employer or Report of Occupational Diseases Form
68 & Form 69 (whichever is relevant)
• Identification letter from employer

These forms need to be hand in to the SOCSO panel clinic or government hospital.
SOCSO will settle his medical bill on behalf by paying the medical treatment provider
directly.
Temporary Disablement Benefit

An employee who has been certified by a doctor to be unfit for work for not less than
4 days including the day of the accident is eligible for this benefit. This benefit will be paid
for the period the employee is on medical leave. the employee will be paid a minimum rate of
RM10 if the daily rate is below RM10. An employee whose wage exceeds RM1,900 per
month will be paid a maximum rate of RM52 per day. Mr Letchumanan was not qualify to
apply this benefit as his condition was not fulfilled the criteria of application of the coverage
of Employment Injury Insurance Scheme. If an employee who was qualify to apply, he have :

 To claim for Temporary Disablement Benefit:

 Claim Form 10

 Doctor ‘s Certificate (Form 13) or the original copy of a Medical Certificate.

Permanent disablement benefit


Mr. Letchumanan also not qualify to apply this benefit as explained above. If an
employee who has been certified by a Medical Board or an Appellate Medical Board to be

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suffering from permanent disablement as a result of an employment injury is eligible for this
benefit.
Application process:
An insured person needs to do a written application to the associated SOCSO
local office for reference to the Medical Board. He also needs to compile:

• Application form
• A copy of identification card
• Medical report that from hospital that provide treatment for him
• Claim form 10
• PKS form ( details of salary )
• A copy of banking book and account number

An employee who has been certified by a Medical Board or an Appellate Medical


Board to be suffering from permanent disablement as a result of an employment injury is
eligible for this benefit. Where the permanent disablement is assessed to be 100%, an
employee will be paid a daily rate equivalent to 90% of the average assumed daily wage,
subject to a minimum daily rate of RM10. An employee can claim the benefit to be paid as a
lump sum if the permanent disablement is assessed to be 20% or less.

CHAPTER 2- PATIENT’S
INFORMATION
2.1. PATIENT IDENTIFICATION DATA

Name : Mr. Janudin Bin Jamil


I/C No : 571210-10-5081
Age : 51 years old
Gender : Male
Address : Lot 198 Batu 8,
45600 Ijok,
Selangor.
Date of Occupational Injury : 20 Jun 2007

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Occupation : Maintainer
Employer : Vasatech Sdn . Bhd. Factory
Lot 2993, Jalan Bukit Badong,
45600 Bestari Jaya,
Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
Income : RM2200

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2.2. CHIEF COMPLAINT

Mr. Janudin a 51 year-old Malay gentleman with no known past medical illness
sustained occupational injury due to fall on his hip while working.

2.3. HISTORY OF PRESENTING ILLNESS

Mr. Janudin slipped 15 feet from a ladder and fell on his hip while going down the
ladder after cleaned the boiler machine in the factory. His exhausted condition and slippery
ladder cause him to fell backwards and landed on his right buttock on a beam nearest the
boiler. After that he landed on his left side of his body. He did not manage to hold onto
anything for support since it happened unexpectedly. Upon falling down, he was still
conscious but felt numbness on his right leg for about 5 minutes before able to stand up. He
was alone during the incidence and after able to walk he continue his routine of work because
he think it was a simple fall since he’s not having any serious injury. He told his friends about
the fall after finished the works. However, the next day the felt pain over his lower limb and
it restricted his movement. He went to panel clinic and been given oral painkiller. He also
went for massage to reduce the pain. However, due to work load the pain progress and
become dull aching pain after 1 year. Sometimes, he felt numbness over the lower limb
especially right limb. Moreover, on mid June 2008 the other maintainer in the factory resign
and left him alone working in the factory. Thus, these increase his workload. After that he
often experience cramping of his lower limb especially on long walk. Instead of that he also
complaint of fecal incontinent and pain while staining to defecate. However he has no
problem to pass urine. His problems also affected his sleep where certain postures aggravate
the pain. After that he often went to panel clinic to get painkiller injection and be given off
work for few days. On June 2008 his injured his ring finger of left hand while cleaning
machine in the factory and hand X-ray was done at Tanjong Karang General Hospital. He do
asked his manager for light work but it was rejected. His request for X-ray from panel doctor
for his backache also delayed for few months. On July 2008 X-ray was done at Sungai Buluh
General Hospital suggesting vertebral problem. After that, with his own finances, he went to
private center for MRI and reported to have cervical and lumbar spondylosis with slipped
vertebral at lumbar 2 (L2). With this medical report he claims for early pension from SOCSO.

2.4. PAST MEDICAL HISTORY

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He has no relevant pass medical history or hospital admission.
2.5. PAST SURGICAL HISTORY

He has no relevant pass surgical history


2.6. DRUG HISTORY

He does not take any kind of medication or any illegal drugs before he had the
accident. However, after his condition worsens, he is now on analgesic which was prescribed
by the doctor in order to reduce his lower limb pain.
2.7. ALLERGY HISTORY

He had known to be allergic towards red meat only.


2.8. FAMILY HISTORY

He is the fifth child of 8 siblings. His mother and father die due to old age. One f his
brother has abdomen cancer and dies at age 55year old. The other siblings were healthy.
He was married for 23 year and been given 4 children. All his children have asthma
during childhood.
2.9. SOCIAL HISTORY

He is a smoker who has been smoking 10 cigarettes a day since he was 18years
old. He never consumed alcohol. He starts working after finished SPM firstly as labour.
He was married for 23 year and been given 4 children. All his children have asthma. He
used to be active in sport like badminton and football before.

2.10- PHYSICAL EXAMINATION


On inspection Mr. J was comfortable and alert. His vital signs were normal.
Examination of his lower limbs revealed that tone, power, reflex and sensation were reduced.
He also had difficulty walking and had to rely on a walking stick. The patient was also in
great pain during the examination of his lower limbs and therefore, the examination could not
proceed further. No abnormalities were detected in his upper limbs, where tone, power, reflex
and sensation were intact. Examination of the other systems proved unremarkable.

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CHAPTER 3- FAMILY DATA
3.1- FAMILY MEMBERS

No. Family Member Age Gender Relation


1. Female Wife
2. Khairul Fahmi 21 Male Son
3. Nur Hazwani 19 Female Daughter
4. Khairul Nizan 15 Male Son
5. Khairul Aiman Male Son

3.2- SOCIO-ECONOMIC STATUS

En. Janudin was a boiler maintainance worker. Before the fall, he was healthy. He
earned about RM 2200 monthly. He did not face any financial problems. After the fall, he
continued to work despite illness. Until one point, his deteriorating health condition disabled
him from working, as his work required him to walk around and involve some physical
activities. As a result, he had no income since July 2008 because he took medical leaves. As
the breadwinner, the lack of income posed a problem to the family. Luckily, his siblings were
willing to lend a helping hand. They help him financially by taking care of his family’s
monthly expenses. Besides, his son has just got an internship job and earned a monthly
allowance. This will help to sustain the family too.

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Below are the monthly family expenses:

Expenses Amount
Grocery RM 200
Food RM 300
Bills RM 80
Petrol RM 250
Home Loan RM 400
Parents RM 200
Children RM 200
Others RM 150
Total RM 1780
Balance RM 2200 – 1780 = 420

3.3- PATIENT’S PROFILE

Hobby
En. Janudin was an active person. He liked to play badminton, football and sepak takraw.
After the accident, he could not walk. As a result, he had to give up his hobbies and instead
rest at home.

Smoking
He was a chronic smoker. He started smoking at the age of 28. He smoked 5 sticks per day.

Alcohol Consumption
He did not consume alcohol.

Relationship with friends


All this while, he maintained a good relationship with his friends. They often hung out at the
nearby coffee shop. They used to play badmintons, football and sepak takraw together. Now
that En. Janudin had restricted movement, they were still good friends. His friends would
drop by his home occasionally and visit him. This way, he would have the support of his
friends.

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Relationship with family members
He had a strong relationship with family. He was a responsible man who took care of the
family well. After the fall, he had restricted movement. His family was vey supportive. They
gave him moral support and helped him to move around the house. Despite the illness, En.
Janudin was still strong emotionally. He did not vent his anger on his family members but
treated them just as nice.

Relationship with neighbours


His relationship with neighbours was good, as he used to get involved in the community
activities. The neighbours did show their concern over his condition. They sometimes came
to his house to send their regards.

Pre-morbid Post-morbid
Biological - At work – works as a - At work – has stopped
function handyman, takes care working since his condition
of all machines in has deteriorated so much that
workplace, no he cannot get up without
assistants, works assistance, and has to walk
alone. with crutches.
- At home – helps out - At home – can only lie down
with housework after or sit around, is not able to
work, fixes broken help out and the duty of taking
things. care of the household falls
- With spouse – shares onto the shoulders of his wife.
a happy marriage, - With spouse – his wife is very
satisfied with sex life. supportive, but he feels
- With children – good stressed as he is a burden to
role model for the family and they can no
children, spends time longer enjoy their sex life as
with them, takes them they did before.
for sports. - With children – is not able to
- With friends – plays spend time doing activities
badminton regularly, like they used to in the past.

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goes fishing once in a - With friends – sees friends
while, eager to offer less, as he is incapable of
helping hand when sports now. However his
necessary. friends still come to visit him
occasionally.

Psychological He used to he a happy He is stressed about his condition and


function and contented man, and feels like a useless person. Besides
lead a generally stress- that, he also feels frustrated that he
free life. cannot support his family, but instead
has become a burden to them.
Educational He was not able to get He still believes that a good education
function high paying jobs because is the only key to better lives for his
of his lack of a diploma, children, especially now that he has
yet he had always had an occupational injury and cannot
believed in the take on light office jobs due to lack of
importance of a good qualifications. He motivates his
education, and had taught children to pursue tertiary education
his children well and had as they have the chance to do so.
high hopes and
confidence in children’s
education.

Economical - He used to be the sole He has been on medical leave for


function breadwinner of the about six months before being
family, and even officially unemployed. During those
though it wasn’t a six months he did not receive any
high salary he had salary and had only been living off
managed to put aside old savings, while paying off his
some savings and credit card debts as well. Till now he
was able to provide has not gotten any form of
well for the family. reimbursement yet, and he worries
He had also used his about the future of his family should
credit card to the day their savings run out.

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renovate house to
make it a more
comfortable home.

Family Attitude and Health Practice

Mr J and his family does not understand much about his condition, and also does not want to
undergo surgery, because they are afraid of the complications that might occur after surgery
and that he might become a paraplegic. He has not tried any form of traditional medications,
however his brother-in-law did bring him to a traditional masseuse before. Mr J claimed that
instead of making it better, the massage left him with more pain therefore he is not keen on
going again.

CHAPTER 4- HOME VISIT


4.1 INTRODUCTION

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On November 6th, 2008, we made a visit to Mr. Januddin house in a housing area in
Bestari Jaya. Mr Januddin’s house is a double-storey house with porch and backyard. The
house is quite big as the length is about 45 feet and the width 50 feet. He is currently staying
with his wife and his children. The house is made of bricks and cements and the roof from
zinc. The neighborhood is quite peaceful and his family does mix around with people in the
neighborhood. The roads outside his house are paved. However, the exterior of the house was
not well lit as there were few street lamps. This increases the risk of accidents.

Photo: Exterior of the house.

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Photo: The neighbors on the left of his house.

Photo: His neighbor’s house which is much bigger.

4.2 INTERIOR OF THE HOUSE


There is a living room and a kitchen on the ground floor but there is no partition
between them. There are sofas, a television and washing machine in the living room. There
are two bedrooms on first floor.

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Photos: The living room and the kitchen. Both are connected.
The staircase is very steep and Mr Januddin complained of back pain when climbing
up the stairs. He used to sleep on first floor but since the accident, he does not climb the stairs
anymore.
He is currently staying on ground floor

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Photo: The staircase leading to ground floor.
4.3 TOILET AND BATHROOM
The toilet and bathroom are combined into one. It is in one corner of the living room.
It is clean but very small and the shower is right next to the toilet bowl. There is not much
space for movement. The toilet was squatting type with flush. Mr. Januddin claimed that his
back hurts when he goes to the toilet after the accident. The bathroom is well lit and there is a
window opening to the exterior of the house.

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Photo: The toilet and bathroom are combined into one. It is clean but very small in
size.

Photo: The toilet is squatting type and Mr Januddin complained of back ache when he uses it.

4.4 LIGHTING AND VENTILATION

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Lighting and ventilation inside the house are fair. There is sufficient lighting to carry
out daily activities. Lighting in the bathroom is good. The ventilation was fair as there are
eight windows on ground floor. There is only one standing fan on ground floor and there is
one ceiling fan.
4.5 HEALTH AND HYGIENE
Generally, the house is clean and tidy. His wife does the house work and cleans the
house every day.
4.6 EXTERIOR OF THE HOUSE
There is a porch in front of the house and a small backyard in the house perimeter. Mr
Januddin’s wife plants flowers outside the house and the backyard with plants. However, the
front porch appeared untidy. The drains are clean but there are rubbishes being cluttered
outside the house. Generally, the exterior of the house is quite spacious and they parked their
motorcycle and his sons bicycle there. Their car is parked outside the house perimeter. The
exterior of the house also used by him to sit and relax, usually in the evening.

Photo: Front view of the house with a porch.

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Photo: place where En. Januddin relax on the evening

4.7 TRANSPORTATION
The family owns one motorcycle and a car. Due to expensive fuel price, they rarely
use the car. Mr. Tanabalan rides motorcycle to work daily. This might worsen his injury or
slows down his recovery process from his soft tissue injury. He was advised not to ride
motorcycle after the accident by the doctor. However, he did not heed the advice due to
financial constraints.

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CHAPTER 5- WORKPLACE
5.1 BACKGROUND OF WORKPLACE

Our patient was working at Vasatech Sdn. Bhd., which is located at Lot 2993, Jalan
Bukit Badong, 45600 Batang Berjuntai, Selangor Darul Ehsan. This factory produces Low
Pressure Melamine (LPM) paper in Malaysia since early November 2000. Vasatech has
invested around RM25 - RM30 million in this venture, setting up a state-of-the-art facility
with a built-up area of 10,000 m2, located within a 20,000 m2 land area in Selangor,
Malaysia. Vasatech's standard product range includes LPM paper used in S/C press

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lamination in the wood-based panel industry. In addition, it also produces overlay, underlay,
decor and balancing for the "Werzalt Process" and for production of wood-based laminate
flooring.
The workers involved both male and female workers. They are Malays and Chinese.
Vasatech Sdn. Bhd. provides a lot of beneficial services towards the workers. The medical
service includes medical check- up; which is provided for the workers every year. Apart from
that, the workers are thought on how to use the first aid kit. Other than that, the workers are
provided with Personal Protective Equipment (PPE) while they are working. The PPE
includes safety helmet, goggle, mask, ear plug, gloves and safety boots. The workplace is
kept clean by other workers who are hired to take care of the hygiene and cleanliness of the
workplace. Showers, changing rooms, canteen and praying room are also provided for the
workers.

5.2 IDENTIFICATION DATA OF WORKPLACE

Factory name : Vasatech Sdn Bhd


Factory address : Lot 2993, Jalan Bukit Badong,
45600 Batang Berjuntai,
Selangor Darul Ehsan.
Contact Numbers Tel : (60)3-32717833
Fax : (60)3-32717830
e-mail : info@vasatech.com.my

5.3 BACKGROUND OF FACTORY

Vasatech Sdn. Bhd. began production of Low Pressure Melamine (LPM) paper in
Malaysia since early November 2000. Vasatech has invested around RM25 - RM30 million in
this venture, setting up a state-of-the-art facility with a built-up area of 10,000 m2, located
within a 20,000 m2 land area in Selangor, Malaysia.
5.3.1 Workers

− Number of workers : 47 people

− Sex : Male and female

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− Race : Malay and Chinese

5.4 VISION
To meet the need combining state-of-the-art technologies, integral competencies and astute vision I n
producing Low pressure melamine (LPM) paper.

5.5 MISSION
Value creation is by increasing market share, introducing new products and acquiring
complementary products.

5.6 SITE PLAN

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5.7 FLOW CHART OF FACTORY PROCESS : Resin Impregnated Paper Process

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Resin Impregnated Paper: Manufacturing Process Description

Paper Unwind Device


a) Decorative paper rolls are hung on this device for unwinding/feeding into the Paper
Treating Machine to commence process treatment.

Stage 1 Resin Impregnation


a) Local available commercial resin modified with chemicals/additives which is controlled
and dispensed by a computer program (PLC) at the Weighing/Dosing Station to a holding pan
to be used to impregnate paper.
b) The resin amount used is set based on paper specification and end application requirements
by varying the machine parameters.
c) As and when deemed needed, this machine component will be washed cleaned to resume
production and/or new product line. The washed water in general is nominal.

1st Drying Zone


a) The impregnated paper is dried by hot air in the flotation dryer.
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b) The air temperature is controlled to maintain the operating parameters and evaporation
rate.

2nd Stage resin Coating


a) A coat of special resin is coated onto the paper in accordance to end application
requirements by a special application roller.
b) Again, this resin formulation is done by the computer program (PLC) at the
Weighing/Dosing Station as in Stage 1 Resin Impregnation.
c) As and when deemed needed, this machine component will be washed cleaned to resume
production and/or new product line. Again, the washed water in general is nominal.

2nd Drying Zone


a) The treated paper is dried by a longer air flotation dryer.
b) Again, the air temperature is controlled to maintain evaporation rate and end application
requirements.
c) One of the treated paper's properties is brittleness and care is needed for handling.

Roll Rewind Device


a) The dried (treated) paper can be reeled up into rolls in accordance to customer
requirements by this device.
b) This device reeled up the paper with the most appropriate tension.

Sheet Cutter
a) Alternatively, the treated paper can be cut into sheets in accordance to customer
requirements.

Cold Storeroom
a) Owning to the treated paper inherent properties, it is placed in cold storeroom for
intermittent storage before shipment.

5.7 PRODUCTS

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1) Low Pressure Melamine (LPM) paper
- used in S/C press lamination in the wood-based panel industry.
2) Overlay, underlay, decor and balancing for the "Werzalt Process" and for production of
wood-based laminate flooring.

SERVICES

1) Medical service
- medical check- up (every year)
- panel clinic is Klinik Keluarga
- thought on how to use the first aid kit.
2) Hygiene & Waste Management
- Private company

PERSONAL PROTECTIVE EQUIPMENT PROVIDED


• Safety helmet
• Goggle
• Full face mask
• Ear plug
• Gloves
• Safety boots
- Emergency shower

OTHER FACILITIES

• Praying room
• Toilet
• Canteen

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CHAPTER 6- OCCUPATIONAL
SAFETY AND HEALTH ACT
OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH ACT

The Occupational Safety and Health Act is an Act which provides the legislative framework
to secure the safety, health and welfare among all Malaysian workforce and to protect others
against risks to safety or health in connection with the activities of persons at work.

This Act was gazetted on 24th February 1994 and may be cited as the Occupational Safety
and Health Act 1994. This Act is a practical tool superimposed on existing safety and health
legislation.

The aims of this Act are:

• to secure the safety, health and welfare of persons at work against risks to safety or
health arising out of the activities of persons at work

• to protect person at a place of work other than persons at work against risks to safety
or health arising out of the activities of persons at work

• to promote an occupational environment for persons at work which is adapted to their


physiological and psychological needs

• to provide the means whereby the associated occupational safety and health
legislation may be progressively replaced by a system of regulations and approved
industry codes of practice operating in combination with the provisions of this Act
designed to maintain or improve the standards of safety and health.

43 | P a g e
6.1 INTRODUCTION

The provision of the Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 are based on the self-
regulation scheme. Its primary responsibility is to ensure safety and health of work lies with
those who create the risks and those who work with the risksAccording to the Occupational
Safety and Health act, all employers with more than 5 employees are required by the
legislation to formulate a written Safety and Health Policy.

Besides this, the Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 specify the general duties
of employers, self-employed persons, manufacturers, designers, suppliers and employees.
The responsibilities or the lack of it of the parties involved in our case study will be further
discussed in the report. The Act also emphasize on the establishment of the safety and health
committee, the appointment of a safety and health officer and the enforcement, investigation
and offenses.

The Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994 is enforced by the Department of
Occupational Safety and Health (DOSH), a government department under the Ministry of
Human Resources Malaysia, which will:

• ensure through enforcement and promotional works that employers, self-employed


persons, manufacturers, designers, importers, suppliers and employees always practise
safe and health work culture, and always comply with existing legislation, guidelines
and codes of practice.

• formulate and review legislation, policies, guidelines and codes of practice pertaining
to occupational safety, health and welfare as a basis in ensuring safety and health at
work.

44 | P a g e
• be the secretariat to National Council for Occupational Safety and Health, a council
established under section 8 of the Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994.

The National Council for Occupational Safety and Health shall have power to do all
things expedient or reasonably necessary for or incidental to the carrying out of the objects of
this Act.

6.2 SAFETY AND HEALTH POLICY

The written Safety and Health Policy as required by law includes The General Policy
Statement which concerns the overall responsibility of the employer to look after the safety
and health of the workforce. .

The written policy is divided into 3 main parts, namely :

• General Policy Statement

• Organization

• Arrangements

The General Policy Statement concerns with the overall intent of the employer to look
after the safety and health of the workforce. This statement can be simple and brief.

The second part of the policy on Organization should describe the safety and health
responsibilities. This is primarily about the role of each person.

The Arrangements or final part of the written policy concerns with practical systems and
procedures. It deals mainly with potential hazards and measures to be taken to solve the
problem.

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It is important that contents of the policy be made known to employees during induction
course and job training, an also to make sure that the policy statement should be displayed at
strategic locations in the workplace.

6.3 DUTIES AS AN EMPLOYER

Among others, an employer has a duty to ensure the proper practicable, the safety, health and
welfare at work for all your employees which includes:

• To ensure that existing plant is up to the necessary standards with respect to safety
and risk to health and that, when new plant is installed, latest practice in safety and
health are taken into account.

• To ensure a safe system at the workplace and minimize operations that present danger
of injury or health impairment. This may require special systems of work, such as the
"permit to work" system.

• regularly monitor the work environment to ensure that, where known health hazards
are present, protection conforms to current health standards, including medical
surveillance of workers.

• make arrangement for ensuring safety and health in connection with the use or
operation, handling, storage and transportation of plants and substances.

• ensure that no charge is levied on any employee for anything done or provided to
meet any specific requirement for safety and health at work.

• prepare a written statement of general policy, organization and arrangements for


safety and health at work, keep it up-to-date by revision and inform all employees of
the notice and revision to the policy where applicable. This policy must be
implemented at workplace.

• provide information, instruction, training and supervision in safe work practices and
consider specific training needs of your organization with particular reference to
processes with special hazards.

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• conduct your activities, so as to ensure that people other than your employees are not
exposed to risks to safety and health.

• notify the nearest Department of Occupational Safety and Health office of any
accident, dangerous occurrence, occupational poisoning or occupational disease
which has occurred or is likely to occur at the place of work.

• provide the Safety an Health Officer adequate facilities including appropriate


information and training equipment to enable Safety and Health Officer to conduct his
duties.

• direct one or more supervisor to assist in any investigation conducted by the Safety
and Health Officer

• cannot discriminate against any employee or dismiss an employee, injure him in his
employment or alter his position to his detriment by reason only that the employee
makes a complaint about a matter which he considers is not safe or is a risk to health.

6.4 DUTIES AS AN EMPLOYEE

It is important that contents of the policy be made known to employees for their
benefit and others.

The duties as a employee as stated in the policy is a below:

a) To take reasonable care at work for the safety of oneself and other persons

b) To cooperate with one’s employer or any other person in the discharge of any duty,
under the Act or Regulations

c) To wear or use at all times any protective equipment and clothing provided by your
employer for the purpose of preventing risks to your safety and health

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d) To comply with any instruction or measure on occupational safety and health as
required under the Act or Regulations

In our case study, he notified his employer about the lack of proper protective gear to
climb the ladder. However, no actions were taken as his complaints fell on deaf ears. In other
words, he did adhered to the rules stated by the Policy.

6.5 SAFETY AND HEALTH COMMITTEE AT WORKPLACE

Pursuant to section 30 of the Occupational Safety and Health Act 1994, every
employer shall establish a safety and health committee at workplace if there are 40 or more
persons employed at the place of work. The functions of the safety and health committee
include :

• to keep under review the measures taken to ensure the safety and health of persons at
the place of work

• investigate any matter at the place of work which a member of the committee or a
person employed thereat considers is not safe or is a risk to health and which has been
brought to the attention of the employer

• attempt to resolve any matter referred to and if it is unable to do so, shall request the
Director General of Occupational Safety and Health to undertake an inspection of the
place of work for that purpose.

6.6 DUTIES OF A SAFETY AND HEALTH OFFICER

A safety and health officer shall advise employer on the measures to be taken in the interests
of safety and health at place of work.

Safety and health officer shall inspect place of work to determine any hazard liable to cause
bodily injury and to investigate any accident, near miss, dangerous occurrence, occupational
poisoning or disease.

It is also the duty of a safety and health officer to assist employer or safety and health
committee in organizing and implementing Occupational Safety and Health programme.

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• Other duties of a safety and health officer include:
* to become the secretary of a safety and health committee

• to assist the safety and health committee in inspections

• to collect, analyze and maintain statistics

• to assist any officer in carrying his duty under the Act and regulations and

• to carry out any other instruction made by the employer on any matters pertaining to
safety and health at workplace.

6.7 DUTIES OF AN OCCUPATIONAL SAFETY AND HEALTH OFFICER IN


CONDUCTION OF AN INSPECTION AT A WORKPLACE

An occupational safety and health officer shall take all reasonable steps to notify the
employer and the safety and health committee of the entry.

The occupational safety and health officer shall be produced on demand to the
employer or any person in charge of a place of work a certificate of authorization issued by
the Director General of the Occupational Safety and Health.

Upon concluding an inspection, an officer shall give to the employer and the safety
and health committee information with respect to his observations and any action he proposes
to take in relation to the place of work.

Where an officer proposes to take and remove a sample from a place of work for the
purposes of analysis, he shall notify the employer and the safety and health committee and
after having taken the sample he shall where possible:

• divide the sample taken into as many parts as are necessary and mark and seal or mark
and fasten up each part in such a manner as its nature will permit

• if required by the employer or the safety and health committee, deliver one part each
to the employer and the safety and health committee

• retain one part for future comparison and

• if an analysis of the sample is to be made, submit another part to an analyst for


analysis.

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An occupational safety and health officer shall take all reasonable steps to notify the
employer and the safety and health committee of the entry.

CHAPTER 7- DISCUSSION ON MR.


J’S CASE WITH RESPECT TO
SOCSO
SOCSO was established as a government department on 1st January 1971 to enforce
the Employees’ Social Security Act, 1969. The Social Security Organization applies to an
employee under a contract of service or apprenticeship earning RM3000 or less a month. In
our case study, Mr. J was earning RM2155 per month which makes him eligible to be covered
under the SOCSO act. There are two schemes under SOCSO, namely; the Employment
Injury Insurance Scheme (EIIS) and the Invalidity Pension Scheme (IPS). EIIS provide
protection to employees who are involved in accidents arising from out of employment,
occupational diseases and also travelling (commuting) accident. IPS provides 24-hours
coverage to employees against invalidity and death due to any cause not connected with
employment before the age of 55 years.
The following is a brief summary of Mr. J’s application to SOCSO:

Had a fall from a ladder while 12/06/06


maintaining the boiler.

Went to a private clinic 12/06/06


complaining of backache and leg
pain.

Referred to Hospital Tanjong 9/08/06


Karang

Appeared in front of the Medical


Board and was found to be not 29/11/07
eligible for the IPS 50 | P a g e
Appealed to the Appellate Board
Applied
and for temporary
was again found to be
disablement
ineligible for (under
benefits IPS EIIS) 5/02/08
8/10/08
The following were benefits applied by Mr. J under SOCSO:
1. Invalidity Pension Scheme (IPS)

Mr. J applied for the IPS and was denied twice. This was because,
under this scheme, the employee has to be deemed as invalid by a Medical
Board. There are various issues to be considered in this case. Firstly, the
accident happened in 2006 and whether the fall contributed to his condition
(Mr. J is diagnosed with cervical and lumbar spondylosis with slipped L2)
remains to be disputed. If indeed it was proven to be caused by the fall, Mr. J
should not apply for the IPS and instead should apply for the Permanent
Disablement Benefit under EIIS. This is because the IPS covers any invalidity
or death not connected to employment. Mr. J was fixing the boiler at the time
of his fall and therefore this was indeed related to his occupation. Secondly, to
be classified as an invalid, the patient has to demonstrate a disablement of a
permanent nature that is either incurable or not likely to be cured, as a result of
which an employee is unable to earn at least 1/3 of what a normally able
person could earn. Mr. J’s condition was progressive in nature and despite the
back and neck pain, he still went to work. Only when the pain aggravated, did
Mr. J applied for medical leave. Therefore, he was still able to earn his
monthly income for the duration after the accident and before the application.
Thirdly, the patient’s condition is not incurable- decompression surgery was
suggested to the patient but he refused.

2. Temporary Disablement Benefits

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Temporary Disablement Benefits is defined as “a condition resulting
from an employment injury which requires medical treatment and renders an
employee, as a result of such injury, temporarily incapable of doing the work
which he was doing prior to or at the time of injury.” To be eligible for this
benefit, Mr J should be certified by a doctor to be unfit for work for not less
than 4 days including the day of accident. The benefit would include 80% of
the employee’s average monthly wage with the minimum of RM10 and the
maximum payable rate of RM 52.00 per day. Mr. J took the following number
of days off as a result of his medical condition:

Month (2008) No. of days off

June 2

July 7

August 15

September 8

October 7

TOTAL 39

Therefore, Mr. J should receive the following amount:

Mr. J’s monthly salary = RM 2155

Daily wage = RM 2155 30

= RM 71.83

80 % of daily wage = RM 57.47

However, this exceeded the amount payable, which is RM52.00

Therefore, as Mr. J was on medical leave for 39 days he should receive

RM 52.00 × 39 = RM 2028.00

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CHAPTER 8- RECOMMENDATIONS
Our recommendations for Mr. J with respect to his SOCSO application include the
following:
1. Medical Benefits

Mr. J sought medical attention after his fall at his company’s panel clinic.
Under SOCSO’s Medical Benefits, Mr. J is eligible to obtain medical attention in
SOCSO’s panel clinics. In order to be eligible for free treatment, he is required to
bring along an Accident Report (Form 21) or identification and a letter from his
employer. If Mr. J initially receives treatment in SOCSO Panel Clinic, treatment must
be continued at the same clinic until recovery or unless he is referred to a government
hospital. In the event of serious injury, the treatment should be at the nearest

53 | P a g e
government hospital, where he is eligible for second class ward treatment. Therefore,
if Mr. J requires medical attention, he can obtain it for free at SOCSO’s panel clinics.

2. Undergo Decompression Surgery and Physiotherapy

Mr. J should consider surgery as this could potentially cure his condition. If
surgery or physiotherapy still fails to alleviate the patient’s condition, then he can
apply for the Permanent Disablement Benefits, and Rehabilitation Benefits.

3. Modifications on his home

Mr. J could change his squatting toilet into a sitting toilet as this would not
cause him back ache. Secondly, he could add railings to his stair case. This would
make it easier for him to climb the stairs as it offers some support.

4. Application for zakat

He can also apply for financial support from Pejabat Zakat Negeri Selangor to
support his monthly financial expenditure.

REFERENCES

1. http://www.perkeso.gov.my

2. Pengurus pejabat PERKESO, 29 Jalan Setia Rawang 1, KM25 Jalan Ipoh, 48000
Rawang, Selangor.

3. www.osha.gov/

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4. www.vasatech.com

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