ANNEXURE B

Bluebook format for citing legal sources

PRIMARY SOURCES UN Documents UN Resolutions: For the purpose of citing U.N. resolutions, refer first to the nature and resolution number, followed by a comma, then by the document number, date and year of the resolution in parentheses. For e.g., 25S.C. Res. 1701, U.N. Doc S/RES/1701 (Aug. 11, 2006); G.A. Res. 41/38, U.N. Doc. A/RES/41/38 (Nov. 20, 1986). Specific articles and paragraphs within these resolutions may also be pointed out. E.g. S.C. Res. 1701, supra note 25, 14. See also 6; 11(d), (e); 12. Here supra note refers to previously cited footnote. For the purpose of citing articles within international instruments first indicate the name of the instrument, followed by comma and Art. (for article), comma again and document series. E.g. G.A. Res. 3314 (XXIX), Art. 3(g), U.N. Doc. A/RES/3314; Draft Articles on Responsibility of States, supra note 28, commentary to Art. 11, at 119. Reports: Cite the name of the authority or organization being referred to with appropriate abbreviation, followed by a comma and then the name of the report, followed again by a comma and the document series, number and year within parentheses. E.g. Intl Law Commn, Report of the International Law Commission on the Work of Its Fifty-third Session, U.N. Doc. A/56/10 (2001). Case Law For international decisions, indicate the name of the case, in normal font and show the parties to the case within parentheses. Method of citation must include the year of the case, name of the reporter, page where the case begins, followed by exact point of reference. E.g. Military and Paramilitary Activities in and Against Nicaragua (Nic. v. U.S.), 1986 ICJ 14, 122. Paragraph(s) may be denoted by the symbol. Date Use the year the case was decided as presented in the reporter. E.g. United States Diplomatic and Consular Staff in Tehran (U.S. v. Iran), 1980 I.C.J. 3, at 1634, 2768. If using a case not cited in a reporter, include the full date. E.g. Prosecutor v. Tadic, Case No. IT-94-1-A, 120, 122, 123, 131 (July 15, 1999).

SECONDARY SOURCES

Books
1. The name of the author (first name, middle initial, last name) in SMALL AND

LARGE CAPS; In case of two authors, list both (connected with an &) in SMALL AND LARGE CAPS in the order in which they appear.
2. The title of the book in SMALL AND LARGE CAPS; 3. Pinpoint page cites; and

4. The copyright date of treatise. Examples: One author: RAJU KD, GENETICALLY MODIFIED ORGANISMS: EMERGING LAW AND POLICY IN INDIA 65 (2007).
Two authors:

VICTOR E. SCHWARTZ & EVELYN F. ROWE, COMPARATIVE NEGLIGENCE 22

(2002). Three or more authors:

REBECCA J. COOK et al., REPRODUCTIVE HEALTH AND HUMAN RIGHTS: INTEGRATING MEDICINE, ETHICS, AND LAW 56-64 (2003). Collection of separately authored articles or chapters in book: Where the book is a collection of separately authored articles or chapters, cite the name of the author of the chapter in plain text, the title of the chapter or article in italics, a comma, the word in (italicized), the title of the book in SMALL AND LARGE CAPS, the page number where the chapter begins, a comma, and a pinpoint page cite. In parentheses following the citation, include the editors names and copyright date). E.g. Patricia F. Julianelle, Children Affected by Domestic Violence: Safety at School and School Restraining Orders, in PROTECTING CHILDREN IN A CHANGING WORLD: ADVOCACY STRATEGIES FOR CHILDREN'S RIGHTS 32, 35-39 (Susan F. Cole et al. eds., 2003).

Articles in periodicals:

Include the first and last name of the author. If there are two authors, include both names joined by an ampersand (&). If citing a student law journal, follow the same rules of citation as for non-student articles, except add a comma, followed by the type of article (e.g. Note, Comment, etc.) If student-authored, begin with type of article (e.g. Note, Comment, etc.). If non-student article, begin with the title of the article. The title of an article should be italicized; however any words which would be in italics in the text (e.g. case names) should be in regular type. Cite the volume number, an abbreviation for the periodical in SMALL AND LARGE CAPS, and the beginning page. If citing a student law journal, follow the same rules of citation as for non-student articles, except add a comma, followed by the type of article (e.g. Note, Comment, etc.) in regular type. For non-consecutively paged magazines and newspapers, use "at" before the first page number. For magazines a pinpoint cite can also be included following a comma and the first page. For newspaper articles only include the first page (but indicate the subdivision of the newspaper if necessary). A newspaper piece published as a "Letter to the Editor," or similar title, is now to be designated as such in its citation.

For online articles, follow the same rules of citation for non-student articles, except add a comma, the date and year of publication of the article online, followed by available at (also italicized) and the complete internet link to the cited article.

Examples:

Non-Student Law Review article:

Jack Greenberg, Diversity, the University, and the World Outside,103 COLUM. L. REV. 610 (2003). Student-Authored Law Review article (signed):

David C. Fortney, Note, Thinking Outside the "Black Box": Tailored Enforcement in Environmental Criminal Law, 81 TEX. L. REV. 1609 (2003).

Student-Authored Law Review article (unsigned)

Case Comment, Antitrust Scrutiny of Monopolists' Innovations: Berkey Photo, Inc. v. Eastman Kodak Co., 93 HARV. L. REV.408 (1979). Magazine article:

Gene Epstein, In the School of Life When Will We See Ph.D's in Common Sense?, Barron's, . Newspaper article:

Law Curbing U.S.-Funded Attorneys is Rejected, Wash. Post, Mar. 1, 2001, at A4.

Online article:

Frederic Kirgis, Some Proportionality Issues Raised by Israels Use of Armed Force in Lebanon, ASIL INSIGHT (Aug. 17, 2006), available at http://www.asil.org/insights/2006/08/insights060817.html. Use of Parentheticals
Parentheticals after a citation may be explanatory, descriptive or quotations. Parentheticals always come before later case history.

An explanatory parenthetical starts with an -ing verb that is not capitalized.

See Groh v. Ramirez, 124 S. Ct. 1284 (2004) (holding that a search warrant that does not adequately describe the things or persons to be seized is invalid). Sometimes only a short description of the material cited is necessary. This is particularly the case where multiple citations follow an e.g.

Many administrative matters have been found to be merely internal and therefore not a basis for application of the public policy exception to employment-at-will.24
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See e.g. King v. Driscoll, 638 N.E.2d 488 (Mass. 1994) (participation in shareholder derivative action); Wright v. Shriners Hosp. for Crippled Children, 589 N.E.2d 1241 (Mass. 1992) (critical responses to internal survey); Agati v. Burlington Ob-Gyn Assocs, 779 N.E.2d 1004 (Mass. App. 2002) (wage and hour irregularities). Quotations of a full sentence should begin with a capital letter and end with punctuation. E.g., James L. Wright & M. Matthew Williams, Remember the Alamo: The Seventh Amendment of the United States Constitution, the Doctrine of Incorporation, and State Caps on Jury Awards, 45 S. TEX. L. REV. 449, 462 ("Studies in jurisdictions across the nation, however, indicate that rates do not decline with the passage of damage caps, and insurers reap a windfall."). Beginning page: If citing material that is part of a serial publication (e.g. a case in a reporter, an article in a law review, a chapter in a book that is a collection of articles), cite the page on which the article or case begins.

It is not necessary to do this for a treatise, for example, because a treatise does not start on a specific page in a compilation.

Pinpoint cites: After a starting page, insert a comma, then give the specific page(s) on which the cited material appears. For e.g., M. Cherif Bassiouni, Legal Control of International Terrorism, 43 HARV. INTL L. J. 83, 101 (2002).

If a starting page is unnecessary because you are citing a complete work, simply include the page number. If it may be unclear that the pages are not part of the citation (e.g. when citing a slip opinion that has numbers), use "at" to clarify. If the page on which material begins and the page where the specific cited material is located are the same, repeat the page number (e.g. 534, 534). In order to repeat reference which is immediately above and where only one reference has been used, the researcher must employ the use of Id. (abbreviation of Ibid.) in italics, followed by comma (where referring to paragraphs) and point of reference. E.g. while referring to the above-cited book by Bassiouni, the next reference to it immediately will be written as Id., at 15, 21, 130 or Id., 121 as the case may be. Electronic cites: Where cases have a Westlaw or Lexis citation, pinpoint cite to the Westlaw or Lexis pagination using a comma followed by "at" and the vendor's star pagination (e.g. at *6) Direct and supplementary citation references: References to primary and secondary sources can be made either directly or by way of examples, additional reference or broad general references. Each of these would be cited as follows: See; see, e.g.; see also; or see generally. Please note the placement of commas in each case. For e.g. See United States Diplomatic and Consular Staff in Tehran (U.S. v. Iran), 1980 I.C.J. 3, at 1634, 2768 (May 24). See also Application of the Convention on the Prevention and Punishment of the Crime of Genocide (Bosnia and Herzegovina v. Serbia and Montenegro), 2007 I.C.J. 91, 377-415 (Feb. 26, 2007). See, e.g., Bin Cheng, UN Resolutions on Outer Space: Instant International Customary Law?, 5 INDIAN J. INTL L. 23 (1965).

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