Transformationof Sentences

MD.MoniruzzamanFakir

LecturerinEnglish BirshreshthaMunshiAbdur RoufPublicCollege, BGB,Pilkhana,Dhaka 01917502990,01682336919 mam_vang@yahoo.com

TransformationofSentences
Sentences 1. Simple 2. Complex 3. Compound Simple Wecansayasentencesimpleifithasonlyonesubjectandonefiniteverbandtheremaybe phrasestoo Complex Whenasentenceisbuiltwithonesubordinateclauseandoneprincipalclause,itiscalleda complexsentence. Compound Compoundsentenceisconstructedtoaddmoresimplesentencesbyusingcoordinating conjunctionlikeand,or,but. *** Beforegoingtothedepthofthestructureofvarioussentencetypes,wemustknowsome terms;phrases,clauseandcoordinatingconjunction.

Phrases
Itmeanscombinationsofsomewordsthatdonotcontainanysubjectandverb.Individuallythesewords donotbringanysensebutaltogethertheymakesense. Eg:Atthetimeof,Inspiteof,By/without+Verbing,Becauseof, Ifweuseanynoun/pronoun,wemustusethepossessivecaseofthem.(Imy,weour,hehis,sheher, karimkarims) Wecannotuseaverbdirectlyinaphraseratherwehavetochangeitintonoun/adjective.

Clause
Clausemeansapartofasentence.Itisnotasentenceratheritisusedtomakeacomplexsentence. Therearetwotypesofclause;subordinateclauseandprincipalclause. 1. Subordinateclause Ifanysimplesentenceisaddedwithsubordinateconjunction(when/since/as,If,though),itturns intosubordinateclause.Letsseethefollowingchart. Subordinateclause+Simplesentence(SVO) When Since As Though IlearnEnglish IamlearningittoMonirsir heteachesussincerely ItisnotveryeasytolearnGrammar Subordinateclause WhenIlearnEnglish SinceIamlearningittoMonirsir Asheteachesussincerely Thoughitisnotveryeasytolearn Grammar Ifwepractiseourlessonproperly

If

Wepractiseourlessonproperly

Nowweknowhowtomakesubordinateclausebyusingconjunction.Nowseewhatisprincipal clause.

 2. Principalclause Aprincipalclauseisnothingbutasimplesentence.Itiscalledprincipalclausebecauseithelps subordinateclausetocompletefullsenseofmeaning. Simplesentence subordinateclause Useasprincipalclauseof subordinateclause Ifeelmuchworried

Ifeelmuchworried

WhenIlearnEnglish

Iamgettingcouragetoacquire it Itseemsveryeasynow Wearetryingtodoit

SinceIamlearningittoMonir sir Asheteachesussincerely Thoughitisnotveryeasyto learnGrammar Ifwepractiseourlesson properly

Iamgettingcouragetoacquire it Itseemsveryeasynow Wearetryingtodoit

Wewillsurelylearngrammar

Wewillsurelylearngrammar

Coordinatingconjunction: Itismainlyusedtoaddtwoormoresimplesentence.Forexample,and,or,but

Somesentences:
1. Wearepracticingalot simple simple Simple

2. Byworkinghard,wecanimprovegrammar 3. Becauseofoursincerity,wemaylearnwell.

4. Thoughitseemsverydifficult,wewillsurelylearnit.

Complex

5. Ifwecannotlearnit,wewillnotpassintheexam. Complex. 6. Ifwecanlearnit,wewillgetgoodmarkintheexam. Complex

 7. Englishisimportantandwemustacquireit. 8. Wemustacquireitbutitisnotveryeasy. compound compound compound

9. Wemustachieveitorwemaynotgetthebenefitsofglobalization.

Transformationofsentences:
1 Givenstructure Inspiteof Inspiteofhishonesty, hedidnotgetreward Simple complex Though. Thoughhewas honest,hedidnot getreward When/since/as When/since/ashe studiedwell,he passedintheexam compound But Hewashonestbut hedidnotget reward And Hestudiedwelland passedinthe exam.

Becauseof/Ving Becauseofhis studying/studying well,hepassedinthe exam

By+Ving Byeatingmorefood, wecangetpower.

If+affirmative Ifweeatmorefood, wecangetpower.

And Weeatmoreand cangetpower. Or Weeatmorefood orcannotget power.

Without+Ving Withouteatingmore food,wecannotget power.

If+negative Ifwedonoteat morefood,we cannotgetpower

But

Inspiteof

Though.

 Hewashonestbuthe didnotgetreward Inspiteofhishonesty,he didnotgetreward Thoughhewas honest,hedidnot getreward When/since/as When/since/ashe studiedwell,he passedintheexam When/since/asthe gamewasover,we leftthefield. If+affirmative Ifweeatmorefood, wecangetpower. If+negative Ifwedonoteat morefood,we cannotgetpower But Hewashonestbut hedidnotget reward And Hestudiedwelland passedinthe exam. And Weeatmoreand cangetpower. Or

And Hestudiedwelland passedintheexam. Thegamewasover andweleftthefield.

Becauseof/Ving Becauseofhisstudying/ studyingwell,hepassedin theexam Thegamebeingover,we leftthefield.

And Weeatmoreandcan getpower.

By+Ving Byeatingmorefood,we cangetpower. Without+Ving Withouteatingmorefood, wecannotgetpower.

Or Weeatmorefoodor cannotgetpower.

10

Though. Thoughhewas honest,hedidnotget reward

Inspiteof Inspiteofhishonesty,he didnotgetreward

11

When/since/as When/since/ashe studiedwell,he passedintheexam

Becauseof/Ving Becauseofhisstudying/ studyingwell,hepassedin theexam By+Ving Byeatingmorefood,we cangetpower. Without+Ving

12

If+affirmative Ifweeatmorefood, wecangetpower.

13

If+negative

 Ifwedonoteatmore food,wecannotget power Withouteatingmorefood, wecannotgetpower. Weeatmorefood orcannotget power.