Paul Zahra ND1A

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P7 P8. Describe the details one should include in an accident report form and the importance for reporting and reporting accidents and incidents and why should you report a near miss incident.

Incidents on the place of work should be reported immediately and always as to prevent similar ones from happening in the future. By means of these reports a company could identify the hazards its employees are working in and could prevent its workers from hurting. Near miss incidents should also be reported because next time happening, the situation could become not so lucky and could result in someone getting injured and also in some cases die. Alot of people do not report these near miss incidents and so the hazard for such incident remains unknown by other workers until it strikes again and probably have worse conseguences this second time.

In an accident report one should include such following details; 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Date & time Location of incident Witnesses Responsable person/s Injured peron/s Type of Machinary being used at time Type of injury Description of incident Evidence, eg. Camera snap shot

M3. Identify and discuss various control measures in the prevention of accidents and their benefits.

A serious company who save guards its employees health and safety should apply various control measurments in such way to prevent any accidents from happening, thus keeping its employees working in a safe enviroment. These control measurements should be

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implemented within the company with great education and training so that its employees can identify them easily in any situation they encounter. The 5 main control measures are as follow;

Elimination; Best solution to any hazard is simple, eliminate it before any accident occurs. Obviously this is not always possible but should be the first thing the employer should try and do before opting for other remedies. Doing such the employees will benefit from a hazard free enviroment and can work at piece with mind.

Substitution; Second best option one could opt for to prevent any hazards is by substituting any machinary which creates the hazard with one more modern and less dangerous to work with. In this way at least the employees benefit from working more confident with the machinary as they feel safe and will also reduce the risk of an incident.

Engineering controls; Third best option is by controlling the machinary the employees work with. This is done by putting guards, cut-out switches, extraction systems, good ventilation, etc. Such way the employees can control the enviroment they work in and such controlled enviroement will reduce alot of hazards, which normally can result in bad incidents.

Administrive control; Forth best option is by controlling the employees working with hazardeous machinary. Job rotation and good education on such machinary will do the job. If an employee works for alot of time on the same machinary, this could lead for the employee to suffer lack of attention which could result in an incident. Job rotation will prevent this from happening and good education will help the employee understand better how to handle such machinary.

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Personal Protective Equipment; Last control measurement to opt for is by supplying protective clothing to the employees. In such way if something goes wrong at least they will be wearing something which can protect them from hurting and sometimes could also save their lives.

D1. Justify various methods used to deal with hazards in a workplace in relation with local legal requirements.

Local legal requirements justify various methods to deal with hazards on the place of work. These methods, being made regulations must be obeyed at all times so that these hazards are always kept to a minimum. Also, being that these regulations are the law, it is a MUST to follow them even they might seem sometimes useless. Prevention is always better then the cure, and also bears less conseguences.

These methods include; Setting duties and responsibilities of the employer. Work with certain machinary and in certain places to be authorised by competent persons. Setting duties and responsibilities of such competent personell. Setting duties of supervisors. Setting duties of workers. Identifying hazards. Implementing health surveillance. Training of workers and supervisors. Emergency response. Keeping of records.
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Prevention and protection against hazards. Assesment of hazards risks. Special requirements for workplaces and work equipment. Regular inspection of work equipment. Training of workers. Consulation of workers and workers participation.

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D2. Analyse possible accidents in the engineering industry and their effects on the workplace.

Any accident on the place of work will cost something. Sometimes these costs are suffered by the employee, sometimes by the employer and sometimes, or better most of the times, by both. These costs can result as; 1. Loss of profit; After any accident follows some time of stalling from work and production before things get back to place. This will cause the company to suffer from loss of profit and loss of time. 2. Loss of workers; Some accidents could result in workers being injured and so have to stay away from work during recovery. 3. Re-training; Certain accidents could lead to employees stopping from working within the company permanantly therefore new employees need training which will cost time and money to the company. 4. Increase in insurance premium;

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Accidents involving employees being hurt and damage of machinary will increase the companies insurance premium which could be very costly. 5. Disability; Severe accidents could leave workers with a physical disability for life. 6. Welfare benefits; Such workers suffering from disability off an accident on the place of work as mentioned above will get welfare benefits to compensate for the lack of income. On the other hand this will be costly for the company. 7. Loss of time in investigations; Following an accidents are investigations to identify how and what went wrong and to identify the cause of the accidents. This will cost production time for the company.

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