Automotive parking brake Intelligent Control Summary Fuzzy systems, fuzzy sets, membership functions and fuzzy rules

design is built on the basis of empirical knowledge. This design method is a lot of subjectivity. Learning mechanism is introduced to the fuzzy system, fuzzy systems through continuous learning and to modify and improve the membership functions and fuzzy rules. The neural network has good learning ability, learning sample to adjust the connection weights between neurons. The integrated use of fuzzy sets to describe fuzzy phenomena and neural network learning ability. Membership functions and control rules of fuzzy control by artificial neural network learning to adjust to achieve intelligent control. Parking, the vehicle parking brake system, due to the type of vehicle, vehicle speed, vehicle volume of different, if both use the same membership functions and control rules, it will be difficult to achieve the purpose of the intelligent control. Keywords: fuzzy neural network FNN parking brake Intelligent Control

Introduction With the rapid development of the national economy, the car has become an indispensable part of our lives, the China Association of Automobile Manufacturers recently released statistics show that the 2009 passenger car sales have more than 10 million car security we face a severe test. Automotive braking system is the car's most important safety aspect of the article is intended for the parking brake system design of an electronic smart parking system in the car braking system.

Automotive braking system according to the functional classification is divided into the brake system, parking brake system, brake system, auxiliary brake system. Here give only the definition of the parking brake system. The parking brake system - have been suspended car resides in situ fixed set of devices. The majority of low-end models on the market today using the hand brake braking via a joystick to operate the brake, the brake pads and rotors affixed merged to form a certain pressure, the vehicle resides stay put. Separate some of the parking brake system and brake system, it has a separate brake structure, such as brake drums, brake shoes, the operating mechanism. Some parking brake system on the original brake some additional components, such as the floating caliper disc brake in the brake caliper piston to install a worm gear, push the piston and the brake pads (normal brakes through the handbrake driven by hydraulic pistons and brake pads) brake pads and rotors affixed merged to form a certain amount of pressure to achieve the parking brake. The traditional parking brake system, there are many shortcomings, such as: the slopes start to rely on the driver by manually release the handbrake with the throttle and clutch to ease starting. If you are driving novice is likely to slip on the slopes start, this trouble not only to the drivers, are more likely to lead to traffic accidents. Furthermore, the number of female drivers sometimes strength is small without the handbrake tension can cause the vehicle did not meet the requirements of the parking brake, there are security risks. Also handbrake in the driver's

seat next to a pretty, and secondly, in the event of an accident, the handbrake joystick there are security risks. Secondly, after the driver left the car, forget the hand brake on, there is a big security risk. The above brief introduction to the traditional definition of the parking brake, structural principles, as well as shortcomings. Following is proposed to design an intelligent parking brake system, drum brakes, although the structure is simple, inexpensive, but due to poor heat dissipation, the braking performance instability, serious heat recession, combined with market conditions, based on the floating caliper disc smart parking brake on the brake. The floating caliper disc brake has a simple structure, stable performance and widely used in car brakes, and now in the rear wheel floating caliper disc brake installation of the smart parking system. The parking system is generally installed on the car's rear wheels, sometimes centrally braking mode. (Rotating components are mounted on the drive shaft of the transmission system, the braking torque to go through the drive axle redistribution to both sides of the wheel on the brake, called the central brake.) Car smart parking system block diagram shown in Figure 1-1:

Figure 1-1 intelligent parking system block diagram The electronic control unit (ECU). To receive the parking brake signal to control the parking brake, brake pedal signals in addition to receiving, receiving the wheel sensor signal, identify whether the wheels locking, skidding, etc., the control wheel braking force to achieve anti-lock and anti-slip and so on.

Executive body structure shown in Figure 1-2: Implementing agencies by the DC motor, planetary gear box, the ball screw. Diagram shown in Figure 12, the floating caliper disc brakes, Brake, hydraulic promote the translation of the piston to the left brake. The parking brake mechanism is rotated by the motor through planetary reduction to increase the moment, by the ball screw axial (horizontal) displacement, push the piston to the implementation of the parking brake.

Figure 1-2 executive body chart

Fuzzy Neural Network Control In general, the Ministry of neural networks can deal directly with the structure of knowledge, it requires a lot of training data, since the learning process, and parallel distributed structure to estimate the input and output mapping. Fuzzy systems can deal directly with the structural knowledge of the neural network learning mechanism into the fuzzy system, fuzzy system also has a self-learning,

adaptive, and parallel distributed processing architecture to complete the process of fuzzy inference. The standard model of fuzzy system Combined with the parking braking system modeling, design of multi-input single-output (MISO) fuzzy rules. Figure 1-3 shows the principle structure drawing based on the standard model of MISO fuzzy systems. Them. If the output of the fuzzy system in a control object, then it is a fuzzy logic controller. MISO fuzzy system schematic block diagram of Figure 1-3 based on the standard model Fuzzy controller design principles and methods: 1) to determine the input and output variables; 2) the domain of input and output variables and fuzzy segmentation, including the choice of control parameters including quantization factor and scale factor. 3) the fuzzification of the input variables and output variables of fuzzy solution. 4) The fuzzy control rules and fuzzy reasoning model selection. 5) Fuzzy establishment of control procedures.

Fuzzy neural network system structure According to the above fuzzy system can be fuzzy neural network structure shown in Figure 1-4

Figure 1-4 based on the standard model of fuzzy neural network structure in Figure Figure, the first layer input layer. Each component of the input vector and each node directly connected nodes. The second layer each node represents a linguistic variable values, such as PB, PM Its role is to calculate the input component is the membership function of each linguistic variable-valued fuzzy sets, which. Is the input dimension is the number of fuzzy partition. The total number of nodes of the layer. The third layer of each node represents a fuzzy rule, its role is used to match the antecedent of fuzzy rules to calculate each rule applicable The total number of nodes of the layer. Fourth layer nodes and the third layer, namely, its role is to achieve normalization calculations, namely, , The fifth layer is output layer, to achieve defuzzification calculation, that Learning algorithm Figure 1-5 for a diagram of the basic structure of the nodes of a single neuron. Neurons node The node type:; node output: Assume that the fuzzy partition number is predetermined, you need to learn the parameters of the connection weights

And the center value and width of the membership function of the second layer. Figure 1-5 single neurons in the basic structure of the nodes in Figure Fuzzy neural network shown in Figure 1-4, each layer of nodes function as follows: First layer: Second layer: The third layer: The fourth layer: Fifth layer: The desired output of the system, the actual output of the system. Using error back propagation algorithm, and then use a ladder optimization algorithm to adjust. Back-propagation algorithm:

When taking a small operator, when the minimum input of the first rule node, otherwise.

Obtain the required a ladder, and finally given a learning algorithm for parameter adjustment

Where, for the learning rate. Fuzzy neural network controller design and simulation Select the error and error change as input of the controller, control the amount of output variables, their domain of E, C, U, as follows:

Fuzzy subset of each domain is as follows: