APEEJAY SCHOOL, NOIDA CLASS 9 DISASTER MANAGEMENT Preventing Common Human Induced Disasters Community Planning For Disaster

Management SESSION 2010-2011 (SECOND TERM) Q i. What is WMD? Ans- WMD stands for Weapons of Mass Destruction. They bring about lot of destruction and loss of life and property. It covers several weapon typesnuclear. Biological, chemical and now radiological also. There is a lot of controversy over the year when it first usedeither 1937 or 1945. Some of these weapons are difficult to detect as they are both colourless and odourless Q 2. What is a Nuclear weapon? Ans Nuclear weapon is a type of explosive weapon that derives its destructive force from nuclear reactions or fission or a combination of fission and fusion. Nuclear weapons are of two types Atomic bombs- A bombs or fission bombs-they produce their explosive energy through nuclear fission reactions alone. Hydrogen bombs, H-bombs, Thermonuclear bombs or fusion bombs-they produce a large amount of their energy through nuclear fusion reactions. Examples Nuclear bomb attacks on Hiroshima and Nagasaki, Japan in 1945. Q 3.How can we protect ourselves from Nuclear attacks? Ans. We can protect ourselves from Nuclear attacks by Improving resistance and warning system. Improving fire fighting and pollution. By staying indoors during and after Nuclear attacks. Await government instructions/communications for moving outside. Q 4.Enumerat various types of Hazardous Materials. Ans . Various types of Hazardous Materials are Explosives Flammable and Combustible substances. Poisons. Radioactive materials. Q 5 What are the mitigations strategies during and after Chemical and Industrial accidents? Ans . The following risk reduction measures in case of Chemical and Industrial accidents are Hazard mapping-it will help the communities living in the vicinity of Chemicals industries in devising safety measures and evacuation routes for the people. Land use planning-densely populated residential areas should be located at a safe distance from industrial areas. Community preparedness- through awareness the community people can devise response steps to be taken in case of accidents. Monitoring of pollution levels can also help in safeguarding the people. Improving fire resistance and warning systems.

 Mock drills. Q 6.What are the mitigation strategies during and after Biological WMD? Ans . We should do the following to protect ourselves from Biological WMDs Unusual illness should be detected and medical help used. Getting away from the Biological substances as quickly as possible. Covering of mouth and nose with thick layers of fabric Remaining in contact with medical services and radio.TV announcements. Q 7.Who are the first responders at the time of Disasters? Ans . Community people and immediate Neighbours are the first responders during and after disasters. Q 8. Why should the Community be at the heart of any Disaster Management initiative? Ans . Community should be at the heart of any Disaster Management initiative because First Responders- Since community is at the site of the disaster, it is the first one to respond to it. Source of maximum information-the community is well aware of the steps needed to be taken in case of a disaster and they live in that area and have the most up to date information of the surrounding conditions. Local coping mechanism-many disasters are recurrent hence there is always a traditionally established coping mechanism that is handed down over the generations. Self help is in self interest- the community help during and after a disaster is essential for the community members and their safety. Q 9. Describe the composition of VDMT. Ans. VDMT usually consists of Sarpanch of the village. Students and teachers of the village schools. Priests of places of worship. Postman Doctors and nurses of the government hospitals in villages. Community members Volunteers and NSS persons. Anganwadi members etc. Q 10 Enumerate the various committees which have been formed for swift action at the time of disasters. Ans. Early warning and communication team. E evacuation and temporary shelter management teams Search and rescue teams

 Health and first aid teams Relief co ordination teams Water and sanitation teams.