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SMALL HYDRO POTENTIAL IN INDIA

BY

R.Venkateswaran Rightlinx (India) Limited New Delhi,

The 3rd Hydropower for today forum On 12th 13th June, 2007, Hangzhou, China

Small Hydro Power Hydro Power upto 25MW station capacity is classified as Small Hydro Power (SHP). The standing committee on energy constituted by the ministry of power, Govt of India, reviewed the studies carried out by CEA and MNES. MNES and AHEC of our country prepared data base for the entire country regarding potential sites. The GOI is keen to establish Thermal-Hydel mix of 60:40 and the partial solution lies in the exploitation of small hydro potential. About 2% of the capacity addition in the power sector is aimed to come from SHP. No techno-economic clearance is required for projects up to Rs.250 Crore investment.

Classifications Classifications of Micro, Mini & SHP in India Upto 100KW Micro Hydro Power 101Kw to 2000Kw Mini Hydro Power 2001Kw to 25000Kw Small Hydro Power

Classifications Based on Head Ultra Low Head Below 3 meters Low Head Less than 40 meters Medium/High Head Above 40 meter

SHP Potential Potential - 15,000MW. Identified Potential - 11,356MW (4554 sites). Installed Capacity - 1975MW (602 projects). Under Implementation - 649MW (219 projects) 10th Plan Target Achievement Target for 2007-08 - 600MW - 537MW - 200MW

Strategy for SHP Development SHP development envisaged through; Private Sector participation State Government/SEB Central PSUs Local Bodies & NGO Private Sector Policy Worlds largest SHP development program launched through private sector participation. 17 States have so far announced their policies to invite private sector to set up SHP projects. Over 2600MW capacity SHP sites offered/allotted to private sector by the States to set up SHP projects

Private Sector Initiatives Over 110 SHP projects aggregating 450MW commissioned by the private sector. Karnataka Andhra Pradesh Himanchal Pradesh Maharashtra Uttaranchal Punjab West Bengal - 280MW - 110MW - 28.5MW - 6.00MW - 6.00MW - 7.75MW - 6.00MW

Top Ten SHP potential State State Himanchal Pradesh Uttaranchal J&K Karnataka Maharastra Kerala Tamil Nadu MP U.P A.P 323 354 201 258 234 252 147 85 211 286 Sites (Nos) Potential in MW Achievement in MW 1624 1478 1207 652 1160 514 338 336 267 254 141.61 75.67 111.83 416.50 209.33 98.12 89.70 51.16 25.10 ---

Subsidy schemes of Govt. of India Support to State for identifying new sites and preparation of perspective plan for SHP Subsidy for Public, Private and NGO SHP projects. Subsidy for renovation & modenisation of existing public sector SHP project. Water Mills

Tariff policy in Top Ten SHP potential States

State Kerala Tamil Nadu M.P U.P A.P Punjab

Annual Escalation 15% of energy Not permitted Not permitted Nil generated 5% of energy Not permitted Not permitted Negotiable generated 2% energy Not permitted Permitted Rs.2.25/ kWh generated 2% energy generated 2% energy generated 2% energy generated 1 year 8-12 months 1 year Permitted Permitted Permitted Rs.2.25/ kWh Rs.2.69/ kWh Rs.2.73/ kWh

Wheeling

Banking

TP sale

SHP performance testing MNRE has created testing facilities at AHEC 3 technical institutions are also being strengthened for helping AHEC in testing the project. AHEC has already conducted testing at 16 different project

Thrust of SHP Program 2% of capacity addition should come from SHP Reliable data for potential sites Improve Quality Reduce cost of power from SHP Annual production capacity 200MW 1400 MW targeted during 2007-2012

Benefits from Hydropower Hydro power is a clean, domestic and renewable source of energy. It does not produce greenhouse gases or other air pollution. Hydropower leaves no waste. One time capitalization is required for set up of a Hydro Power station. Like other fuel energy like fossil fuel, Water is not destroyed during the production of electricity it can be reused for other purposes.

Cost factor in Hydropower

Constraints in SHP The main reason for lack of success with small hydro power developer are; Failure due to improper design. Failure due to non standard practices adopted in production. Over estimate of the efficiency and constancy of stream flow. Improper Penstock design to allow the plant operate at full capacity. No established O&M practice. Plants operating in remote areas of the country. To Conclude. Hydropower is the leading source of renewable energy. It provides more than 97% of all electricity generated by renewable sources. Other sources including solar, geothermal, wind and biomass account for less than 3% of renewable electricity production.

Thanking you