Cebu Normal University College of Nursing DRUG STUDY

Drug Data Generic Name ceftriaxone sodium Trade Name Rocephin Patients Dose 2g IVTT every 12 hours ANST (-) Minimum Dose 250 mg OD IM or IV Maximum Dose 2g IVTT every 12 hours Contents ceftriaxone Availability Powder for injection : 250, 500 mg, 1, 2 g Injection : 1,2 g Routes of administration IV, IM

Classification Pharmacologic Class: third generation cephalosporin

Mechanism of Action Pharmacokinetics Bactericidal: Inhibits synthesis of bacterial cell wall, causing cell death A: hydrolyzed to active drug in GI mucosa

Indication General Indications Lower respiratory tract infections caused by S. pneumoniae, H. parainfluenzae, H. influenzae UTIs caused by E. coli, K. pneumoniae Gonorrhea caused by neisseria gonorrhoeae Intrabdominal infections caused by E. Coli and K. Pneumonia Septicemia caused by E. Coli, S. Pneumonia, H. Influenzae, S. Aureus, K. Pneumonia Bone and joint infections caused by S. Aurues, streptococcus, P. Mirabilis, E. Coli, K. Pneumonia, N. meningitidis Patients Actual Indication This drug was given to the patient for septicaemia and bone and joint infections.

Contraindications Contraindications Hypersensitivity to cephalosporins and related antibiotics or penicillins.

Adverse Reactions CNS: Headache, dizziness, lethargy, paresthesias GI: Nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, anorexia, abdominal pain, flatulence, pseudomembranou s colitis, liver toxicity GU: Nephrotoxicity Hematologic: Bone marrow depression: decreased WBC, decreased platelets, decreased Hct Hypersensitivity: Ranging from rash to fever to anaphylaxis, serum sickness reaction Local: Pain, abscess at injection site; phlebitis, inflammation at IV site Other: Superinfections, disulfiram-like reaction with alcohol

Nursing Responsibilities
Before Determine history of hypersensitivity to cephalosporins, penicillins and other drugs prior to administration Observe the 15 RIGHTS of drug administration Perform C and S test prior to first dose

Therapeutic Class: Antibiotic, antiinfective

D: widely distributed in body tissues and fluids, crosses placenta, enters breast milk M: hepatic E: bile, urine Onset: IV: rapid IM: 30 min Peak: IV: immediate IM: 1.5-4 hr Duration : IV: 15 18 hr IM: 15 18 hr Drug Half Life: 5 10 hr

Precautions Use cautiously with renal failures, lactation and preganancy.

Assess history: Liver and kidney

function test, culture of affected area, sensitivity tests

dysfunction, lactation, pregnancy

Check skin status, liver and kidney

During Check for manufacturers inserts for specific details. Stability of reconstituted and diluted solution depends on diluents, concentration and type of container.

Drug interactions Aminoglycosides - increased toxicity Oral anticoagulants increased bleeding effects Alcohol disulfiram-like reactions if taken 72 hours after administration of ceftiaxone

Pregnancy Risk Category: B

Do not mix with other antimicrobial

drug. Protect drug from light. Avoid alcohol while taking this drug and for 3 days after. Have vitamin K available in case of hypoprothrombenimia occurs After Monitor ceftriaxone blood levels in patients with renal and hepatic impairment. Discontinue if hypersensitivity occurs. Advise patient to report severe diarrhea, difficulty of breathing, unusual tiredness of fatigue Report if theres pain at injection site.

Warn patient that this drug should not

be used to self-treat
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Source: ww.drugguide.com

Source: ww.drugguide.com

Source: ww.drugguide.com

Source: ww.drugguide.com

Source: ww.drugguide.com