4.3. Summary of construction delay factors.

The many causes of delay in construction projects have been examined and Categorized. With the same categories used above, construction delay factors can be Summarized as follows: Contractor Materials 1. Shortage of required materials 2. Delay in materials delivery 3. Changes in materials prices 4. Changes in materials specifications. Equipment 5. Shortage of required equipment 6. Failure of equipment 7. Shortage of supporting and shoring installations for excavations 8. Inadequate equipment used for the works. Manpower 9. Shortage of manpower (skilled, semi-skilled, unskilled labour) 10. Low skill of manpower. Project Management 11. Lack of motivation among contractors members 12. Shortage of contractors administrative personnel 13. Shortage of technical professionals in the contractors organization 14. Poor communications by the contractor with the parties involved in the project 15. Contractors poor coordination with the parties involved in the project 16. Slow preparation of changed orders requested by the contractor 17. Ineffective contractor head office involvement in the project 18. Delays in mobilization 19. Poor controlling of subcontractors by contractor 20. Loose safety rules and regulations within the contractors organization 21. Poor qualifications of the contractors technical staff assigned to the project 22. Improper technical studies by the contractor during the bidding stage 23. Ineffective planning and scheduling of the project by the contractor 24. Delays to field survey by the contractor 25. Ineffective control of project progress by the contractor 26. Inefficient quality control by the contractor 27. Delay in the preparation of contractor submissions 28. Improper construction methods implemented by the contractor. Project Finance 29. Difficulties in financing the project by the contractor 30. Cash flow problems faced by the contractor 31. Problems between the contractor and his subcontractors with regard to payments.

Consultant 32. Poor qualification of consultant engineers staff assigned to the project 33. Delay in the preparation of drawings 34. Delay in the approval of contractor submissions by the consultant 35. Poor communication between the consultant engineer and other parties involved 36. Poor coordination by the consultant engineer with other parties involved 37. Delays in performing inspection and testing by the consultant engineer 38. Slow response from the consultant engineer to contractor inquiries 39. Inadequate design specifications 40. Poor contract management. Owner 41. Delay in furnishing and delivering the site to the contractor by the client 42. Unrealistic contract duration 43. Delay in the settlement of contractor claims by the client 44. Suspension of work by the clients organization 45. Delay in issuing of change orders by the client 46. Slow decision making by the clients organization 47. Interference by the client in the construction operations 48. Uncooperative client with the contractor complicating contract administration 49. Delay in progress payments by the client 50. Clients poor communication with the construction parties and government Authorities 51. Clients failure to coordinate with government authorities during planning 52. Poor coordination by the client with the various parties during construction 53. Excessive bureaucracy in the clients administration.

Others
Early Planning and design.

54. Changes in the scope of the project 55. Ambiguities, mistakes, and inconsistencies in specifications and drawings 56. Subsurface site conditions materially differing from contract documents 57. Original contract duration is too short.
Government Regulations

58. Ineffective delay penalty 59. Difficulties in obtaining work permits 60. Government tendering system requirement of selecting the lowest bidding Contractor 61. Changes in government regulations and laws.
External Factors

62. Severe weather conditions on the job site 63. Effects of subsurface conditions (type of soil, utility lines, water table) 64. Traffic control and restrictions on the job site 65. Effects of social and cultural conditions 66. Rise in the prices of materials 67. Work interference between various contractors