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OptiX RTN 910 Radio Transmission System V100R001C00

Product Description

Issue Date

01 2009-04-30

HUAWEI TECHNOLOGIES CO., LTD.

Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. 2009. All rights reserved.


No part of this document may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means without prior written consent of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

Trademarks and Permissions


and other Huawei trademarks are trademarks of Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All other trademarks and trade names mentioned in this document are the property of their respective holders.

Notice
The purchased products, services and features are stipulated by the contract made between Huawei and the customer. All or part of the products, services and features described in this document may not be within the purchase scope or the usage scope. Unless otherwise specified in the contract, all statements, information, and recommendations in this document are provided "AS IS" without warranties, guarantees or representations of any kind, either express or implied. The information in this document is subject to change without notice. Every effort has been made in the preparation of this document to ensure accuracy of the contents, but all statements, information, and recommendations in this document do not constitute the warranty of any kind, express or implied.

Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.


Address: Huawei Industrial Base Bantian, Longgang Shenzhen 518129 People's Republic of China Website: Email: http://www.huawei.com support@huawei.com

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OptiX RTN 910 Radio Transmission System Product Description

About This Document

About This Document


Purpose
This document describes the features, structure, configuration, networking and application, network management system (NMS), and performance indexes of the OptiX RTN 910 radio transmission system, thus providing comprehensive information of the OptiX RTN 910 product for readers.

Related Versions
The following table lists the product versions related to this document. Product Name OptiX RTN 910 OptiX iManager T2000 Version V100R001C00 V200R007C03

Intended Audience
This document is intended for network planning engineers. Before you read this document, ensure that you have acquired the basic knowledge of digital microwave communication.

Organization
This document is organized as follows. Chapter 1 Introduction 2 Functions and Features 3 Product Structure Content Describes the network application and components of the OptiX RTN 910. Describes the features and system architecture of the IDU. Describes the features, system architecture, board configuration, and signal processing flow of the OptiX RTN 910.

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About This Document

OptiX RTN 910 Radio Transmission System Product Description

Chapter 4 Services 5 Network Management System 6 Performance

Content Describes the service features of the OptiX RTN 910. Describes the network management (NM) solution for the OptiX RTN 910, and also the various NM software that contributes to this solution. Describes the performance indexes of the OptiX RTN 910.

Conventions
Symbol Conventions
The symbols that may be found in this document are defined as follows. Symbol Description Indicates a hazard with a high level of risk, which if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury. Indicates a hazard with a medium or low level of risk, which if not avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury. Indicates a potentially hazardous situation, which if not avoided, could result in equipment damage, data loss, performance degradation, or unexpected results. Indicates a tip that may help you solve a problem or save time. Provides additional information to emphasize or supplement important points of the main text.

General Conventions
The general conventions that may be found in this document are defined as follows. Convention Times New Roman Boldface Italic Courier New Description Normal paragraphs are in Times New Roman. Names of files, directories, folders, and users are in boldface. For example, log in as user root. Book titles are in italics. Examples of information displayed on the screen are in Courier New.

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OptiX RTN 910 Radio Transmission System Product Description

About This Document

Update History
Updates between document issues are cumulative. Therefore, the latest document issue contains all updates made in previous issues.

Updates in Issue 01 (2009-04-30) Based on Product Version V100R001C00


This document is the first release of the V100R001C00 version.

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OptiX RTN 910 Radio Transmission System Product Description

Contents

Contents
About This Document...................................................................................................................iii 1 Introduction.................................................................................................................................1-1
1.1 Network Application .....................................................................................................................................1-1 1.2 Components...................................................................................................................................................1-2

2 Functions and Features .............................................................................................................2-1


2.1 Frequency Band ............................................................................................................................................2-1 2.2 Packet Microwave .........................................................................................................................................2-1 2.3 Modulation Mode..........................................................................................................................................2-2 2.3.1 Fixed Modulation.................................................................................................................................2-2 2.3.2 Adaptive Modulation ...........................................................................................................................2-2 2.4 RF Configuration Modes...............................................................................................................................2-3 2.5 Capacity ........................................................................................................................................................2-4 2.5.1 Air Interface Capacity ..........................................................................................................................2-4 2.5.2 Switching Capacity ..............................................................................................................................2-4 2.6 Interfaces.......................................................................................................................................................2-4 2.6.1 Microwave Interface ............................................................................................................................2-4 2.6.2 Service Interfaces.................................................................................................................................2-5 2.6.3 Management and Auxiliary Interfaces .................................................................................................2-6 2.7 Automatic Transmit Power Control...............................................................................................................2-6 2.8 MPLS/PWE3 Support Capability..................................................................................................................2-7 2.9 Ethernet Service Processing Capability.........................................................................................................2-8 2.10 QoS..............................................................................................................................................................2-8 2.11 Clock Features.............................................................................................................................................2-9 2.12 Protection Scheme.....................................................................................................................................2-10 2.13 Network Management ...............................................................................................................................2-10 2.14 Easy Installation ........................................................................................................................................ 2-11 2.15 Easy Maintenance ..................................................................................................................................... 2-11

3 Product Structure........................................................................................................................3-1
3.1 System Architecture ......................................................................................................................................3-1 3.2 Hardware Structure .......................................................................................................................................3-2 3.2.1 IDU ......................................................................................................................................................3-3 3.2.2 ODU.....................................................................................................................................................3-4 Huawei Proprietary and Confidential Copyright Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd

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3.3 Software Structure.........................................................................................................................................3-5 3.3.1 NMS Software .....................................................................................................................................3-5 3.3.2 IDU Software .......................................................................................................................................3-5 3.3.3 ODU Software .....................................................................................................................................3-6 3.4 Service Signal Flow ......................................................................................................................................3-6

4 Services.........................................................................................................................................4-1
4.1 Ethernet Services...........................................................................................................................................4-1 4.2 IMA/ATM Services .......................................................................................................................................4-3 4.3 CES Services.................................................................................................................................................4-4

5 Network Management System ................................................................................................5-1


5.1 Network Management Solution.....................................................................................................................5-1 5.2 T2000 LCT....................................................................................................................................................5-1 5.3 T2000 ............................................................................................................................................................5-3 5.4 T2100 ............................................................................................................................................................5-3

6 Performance ................................................................................................................................6-1
6.1 RF Performance ............................................................................................................................................6-1 6.1.1 Microwave work modes.......................................................................................................................6-1 6.1.2 Frequency Band ...................................................................................................................................6-2 6.1.3 Receiver Sensitivity .............................................................................................................................6-3 6.1.4 Transceiver Performance......................................................................................................................6-6 6.1.5 IF Performance.....................................................................................................................................6-8 6.1.6 Baseband Signal Processing Performance of the Modem....................................................................6-9 6.2 Packet Service Capability..............................................................................................................................6-9 6.3 Equipment Reliability ...................................................................................................................................6-9 6.3.1 Component Reliability .......................................................................................................................6-10 6.3.2 Link Reliability ..................................................................................................................................6-10 6.4 Interface Performance .................................................................................................................................6-10 6.4.1 E1 Interface Performance...................................................................................................................6-10 6.4.2 Ethernet Interface Performance.......................................................................................................... 6-11 6.4.3 Auxiliary Interface Performance ........................................................................................................6-13 6.5 Clock Timing and Synchronization Performance........................................................................................6-14 6.6 Integrated System Performance...................................................................................................................6-14

A Glossary .................................................................................................................................... A-1 B Acronyms and Abbreviations ................................................................................................B-1

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1 Introduction

1
1.1 Network Application

Introduction

The OptiX RTN 910 is one of the series products of the OptiX RTN 900 radio transmission system.

The OptiX RTN 900 is a new generation split microwave transmission system developed by Huawei. It can provide a seamless microwave transmission solution for a mobile communication network or private network. The OptiX RTN 900 products are available in two types: OptiX RTN 910 and OptiX RTN 950. The IDU of the OptiX RTN 910 is 1U high and supports one or two IF boards. The IDU of the OptiX RTN 950 is 2U high and supports one to six IF boards. The users can choose an appropriate type according to the actual requirements. The OptiX RTN 910 provides several types of service interfaces and facilitates installation and flexible configuration. It supports the smooth upgrade from the TDM microwave to the hybrid microwave, and from the hybrid microwave to the packet microwave. The solution can evolve based on the service changes that may occur due to radio mobile network evolution. Thus, this solution can meet the transmission requirements of not only 2G and 3G networks, but also future LTE and 4G networks. Figure 1-1 shows the packet microwave transmission solution that is provided by the OptiX RTN 910 for the mobile communication network.

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OptiX RTN 910 Radio Transmission System Product Description

Figure 1-1 Packet microwave transmission solution provided by the OptiX RTN 910

FE FE E1

E1 IMA E1 E1 FE/GE Regional Backhaul Network GE

IMA E1

E1 FE E1 IMA E1 FE E1

OptiX RTN 910

OptiX RTN 950

NodeB

BTS

RNC

BSC

In the solutions, the local backhaul network is optional. The OptiX RTN 910 can be connected to the RNC or the BSC directly. When the OptiX RTN 910 supports the microwaves in three directions or more, you can adopt the NE cascading mode or use the OptiX RTN 950, which is more powerful.

1.2 Components
The OptiX RTN 910 adopts a split structure. The system consists of the IDU 910 and the ODU. An ODU is connected to an IDU through a coaxial cable.

IDU 910
IDU 910 is the indoor unit of an OptiX RTN 910 system. It accesses services, performs multiplexing/demultiplexing and IF processing of the services, and provide system control and communication function. Table 1-1 describes the basic features of the IDU 910. Table 1-1 Introduction of the IDU 910 Item Chassis height Pluggable Number of microwave directions Performance 1U Supported 12

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Item RF configuration mode

Performance 1+0 non-protection configuration 2+0 non-protection configuration 1+1 protection configuration

Figure 1-2 IDU 910

ODU
The ODU is the outdoor unit of the OptiX RTN 900. It performs frequency conversion and amplification of signals. The OptiX RTN 900 series products share one set of OptiX RTN 600 ODUs. The OptiX RTN 910 support standard power ODU and high power ODU. Table 1-2 ODUs supported by the OptiX RTN 910 Item Description Standard Power ODU ODU type Frequency band SP and SPA 7/8/11/13/15/18/23/26/38 GHz (SP ODU) 6 GHz (SPA ODU) Microwave modulation scheme QPSK/16QAM/32QAM/64QAM/ 128QAM/256QAM (SP ODU) QPSK/16QAM/32QAM/64QAM/ 128QAM (SPA ODU) Microwave modulation scheme 7/14/28 MHz 7/14/28/40/56 MHz QPSK/16QAM/32QAM/64 QAM/128QAM/256QAM High Power ODU HP 7/8/11/13/15/18/23/26/32/38 GHz

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OptiX RTN 910 Radio Transmission System Product Description

There are two methods of mounting the ODU and the antenna: direct mounting and separate mounting. The direct mounting method is normally adopted when a small-diameter and single-polarized antenna is used. In this situation, if one ODU is configured for one antenna, the ODU is directly mounted at the back of the antenna. If two ODUs are configured for one antenna, an RF signal combiner/splitter (hereinafter referred to as a hybrid coupler) must be mounted to connect the ODUs to the antenna. Figure 1-3 shows the direct mounting method. Figure 1-3 Direct mounting

The separate mounting method is adopted when a double-polarized antenna or big-diameter and single-polarized antenna is used. Figure 1-4 shows the separate method. In this situation, a hybrid coupler can be mounted. That is, two ODUs share one feed boom. Figure 1-4 Separate mounting

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2 Functions and Features

2
2.1 Frequency Band

Functions and Features

The OptiX RTN 910 provides plentiful functions and features to ensure the quality and efficiency of service transmission.

The OptiX RTN 910 provides the products of full frequency bands. When the OptiX RTN 910 uses the standard power ODU, the 6, 7, 8, 11, 13, 15, 18, 23, 26, and 38 GHz frequency bands are supported. When the OptiX RTN 910 uses the high power ODU, the 7, 8, 11, 13, 15, 18, 23, 26, 32, and 38 GHz frequency bands are supported.

Related Concepts
6.1.2 Frequency Band

2.2 Packet Microwave


The packet microwave refers to the packet microwave transmission solution wherein various services can be encapsulated through the PWE3 technology and then transmitted in packet mode. The packet microwave supports the AM function. By using packet microwave, the utilization of the microwave bandwidth is improved and the statistical multiplexing advantage of the packet network is extended to the access layer. The packet microwave solution supports the MPLS and PWE3 technologies. When the TDM E1 service is accessed, the packet microwave solution implements the CES by using the PWE3 technology to encapsulate the TDM E1 service into PW packets. When the IMA E1 service or Ethernet service is accessed, the packet microwave solution encapsulates the IMA E1 service into PW packets directly by using the PWE3 technology. The PW packets generated after the encapsulation of various services are transmitted to the microwave port after they are processed uniformly by the packet processing platform, and then mapped into microwave frames. Thus, various services are transmitted uniformly by using the packet microwave solution.

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OptiX RTN 910 Radio Transmission System Product Description

Figure 2-1 Packet microwave


IDU TDM E1 CES IMA E1 Statistical Packet -mux or Processing emulation Ethernet Everything over packet ODU

2.3 Modulation Mode


The packet microwave supports fixed modulation and adaptive modulation.

2.3.1 Fixed Modulation


Fixed modulation refers to a modulation scheme wherein a modulation mode is adopted invariably when the radio link is running. When the OptiX RTN 910 uses the fixed modulation scheme, you can set the adopted modulation mode by using the software.

2.3.2 Adaptive Modulation


Adaptive modulation (AM) is a technology wherein the modulation scheme can be adjusted automatically according to the channel quality. In the case of the same channel spacing, the microwave service bandwidth varies according to the modulation scheme. The higher the modulation efficiency, the higher the bandwidth of the transmitted services. When the channel quality is favorable (such as on days when the weather is favorable), the equipment adopts a higher modulation scheme to try to transmit more user services. In this manner, the transmission efficiency and the spectrum utilization of the system are improved. When the channel quality is degraded (such as on days when the weather is stormy and foggy), the equipment adopts a lower modulation scheme to transmit only the services with a higher priority within the available bandwidth and to discard the services with a lower priority. In this manner, the anti-interference capability of a link is improved and the link availability of the services with a higher priority is ensured. When the packet microwave equipment adopts the AM technology, it controls service transmission based on the service bandwidth and QoS policy corresponding to the current modulation scheme. Service packets are groomed into the queues of different priorities according to the service type identifiers. The services in the queues of different priorities are transmitted to the microwave port through the SP or WFQ algorithm. When the queues of certain priorities are congested because of insufficient microwave bandwidth, the queues of these priorities discard certain or all services through tail discarding or the WRED algorithm. Figure 2-2 shows the service change caused by the AM. The blue part indicates the packet services. The closer to the edge of the blue part, the lower the priority of the packet services.

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The bandwidth for the packet services varies according to the channel conditions. When the channel quality is poor, the packet services of a lower priority are discarded. Figure 2-2 AM

256QAM 128QAM 32QAM QPSK 256QAM Channel Capability Packet Services 64QAM 128QAM 32QAM 16QAM 16QAM 64QAM

The AM technology adopted by the OptiX RTN 910 has the following features: The AM technology can use the QPSK, 16QAM, 32QAM, 64QAM, 128QAM, and 256QAM modulation scheme. The lowest modulation scheme (also called "reference mode") and the highest modulation scheme (also called "nominal mode") actually used by the AM can be configured. When the modulation schemes of AM are switched, the transmit frequency, receive frequency, and channel spacing do not change. When the modulation schemes of AM are switched, the step by step switching mode must be adopted. When the AM switches the modulation schemes to a lower one, the services of the low priority are discarded but no bit errors or slips occur in the services of the high priority. The speed of switching the modulation schemes meets the requirement for no bit error in the case of 100 dB/s fast fading.

2.4 RF Configuration Modes


The OptiX RTN 910 supports the 1+0 non-protection configuration, the 2+0 non-protection configuration and the 1+1 protection configuration. Table 2-1shows the RF configuration modes that are supported.

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OptiX RTN 910 Radio Transmission System Product Description

Table 2-1 RF configuration modes Configuration Mode 1+0 non-protection configuration 1+1 protection configuration (1+1 HSB/FD/SD) 2+0 non-protection configuration Maximum Number of Configuration 2 1 1

2.5 Capacity
The OptiX RTN 910 has a large capacity.

2.5.1 Air Interface Capacity


The microwave air interface capacity depends on the specific microwave modulation scheme. The maximum Ethernet throughput of each channel of packet microwave is 420 Mbit/s when the high power ODU is used or 210 Mbit/s when the standard power ODU is used.

Related Concepts
6.1.1 Microwave Modulation Schemes

2.5.2 Switching Capacity


The OptiX RTN 910 has a built-in packet processing platform with the switching capacity of 3 Gbit/s.

2.6 Interfaces
The OptiX RTN 910 has several interface types.

2.6.1 Microwave Interface


The OptiX RTN 910 provides a microwave interface through the IF board and the ODU that is connected to the IF board. Each microwave interface transmits one channel of microwave service. In addition, it transmits various auxiliary services or paths through the microwave overhead. Table 2-2 lists the auxiliary services or paths provided by each microwave interface. Table 2-2 Auxiliary services or paths provided by each microwave interface Service/Path Type Synchronous data service Orderwire phone service Quantity 1 1 Rate 64 kbit/s 64 kbit/s

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Service/Path Type PTP path

Quantity 1

Rate 64 kbit/s

The PTP path is used to transmit PTP (namely, IEEE 1588V2 protocol) packets to transport the high-precision time/clock on radio links.

2.6.2 Service Interfaces


The system control, switching, and timing board of the OptiX RTN 910 provides several service interfaces. In addition, the type and number of service interfaces supported by the equipment can be extended by configuring service interface boards. Table 2-3 lists the type and number of the service interfaces provided by the system control, switching, and timing board of the OptiX RTN 910. Table 2-3 Type and number of the service interfaces provided by the system control, switching, and timing board Type of System Control, Switching, and Timing Board CXPAR Provided Service Interface Quantity

75-ohm E1 interface (supporting the TDM E1, IMA E1, and ML-PPP E1) 10/100BASE-T(X) interface

16 4 16 4

CXPBR

120-ohm E1 interface (supporting the TDM E1, IMA E1, and ML-PPP E1) 10/100BASE-T(X) interface

Table 2-4 lists the type and number of the service interfaces supported by adding service interface boards to the OptiX RTN 910. Table 2-4 Type and number of the service interfaces supported by adding service interface boards Type of Service Interface Board Maximum Number of Boards 1 1 1 1 Provided Service Interface Number of Interfaces Provided by One Board 8 8 2 16

EF8T EF8F EG2 ML1

FE electrical interface: 10/100BASE-T(X) FE optical interface GE optical interface 75-ohm E1 interface (supporting the TDM E1,

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OptiX RTN 910 Radio Transmission System Product Description

Type of Service Interface Board

Maximum Number of Boards

Provided Service Interface

Number of Interfaces Provided by One Board 16

IMA E1, and ML-PPP E1) ML1A 1 120-ohm E1 interface (supporting the TDM E1, IMA E1, and ML-PPP E1)

"Maximum Number of Boards" in the Table 2-4 is the maximum number calculated when at least one IF board is configured.

2.6.3 Management and Auxiliary Interfaces


The OptiX RTN 910 provides the management and auxiliary interfaces through the system control, switching, and timing board . Table 2-5 Type and number of management and auxiliary interfaces Interface Clock/Timing interface Management interface Specifications Common interface for 120-ohm clock or time 10/100BASE-T(X) Ethernet NM interface NM serial interface 10/100BASE-T(X) NE cascade interface Auxiliary interface Alarm interface Orderwire phone interface Synchronous data interface Three external alarm input interfaces One external alarm output interface 1 (RJ-45) 1 (RJ-45) 1 (RJ-45) 1 (RJ-45) Connector Quantity and Type 2 (RJ-45) 1 (RJ-45)

The clock/time interfaces can be used as the clock interfaces or the time interfaces. If the interfaces are used as the clock interfaces, they support 2048 kbit/s mode or 2048 kHz mode. If the interfaces are used as the time interfaces, they support 1PPS + Time Information mode or DCLS mode.

2.7 Automatic Transmit Power Control


The automatic transmit power control (ATPC) function enables the output power of the transmitter to automatically trace the level fluctuation at the receive end. This reduces the interference with neighboring systems and residual BER.

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2.8 MPLS/PWE3 Support Capability


The OptiX RTN 910 adopts the MPLS that is optimized for the telecom bearer network as the packet forwarding mechanism to implement the packet transmission of telecom-level services. The OptiX RTN 910 adopts the PWE3 technology as the service bearer technology to implement the MPLS network access of various types of services.

MPLS Support Capability


Table 2-6 MPLS features supported by the OptiX RTN 910 Feature Basic MPLS functions Description The equipment supports basic MPLS functions and service forwarding, and uses the LDP and the RSVP-TE protocol to create and maintain the PWs and LSPs respectively. The equipment uses the LSP tunnel technology and the pseudo wire emulation edge to edge (PWE3) technology to form an MPLS network, where multiple services can be accessed. The equipment supports static LSPs and dynamic LSPs. The equipment supports MPLS multicast. MPLS OAM The equipment supports MPLS OAM in compliance with ITU-T Y.1711. The equipment supports the LSP ping and LSP traceroute. The equipment also uses the MPLS echo request and MPLS echo reply to test the usability of an LSP. MPLS protection The equipment supports the LSP RR and LSP FRR. The equipment supports LSP 1:1 protection scheme and 1+1 protection scheme. Others The equipment supports the MPLS QoS.

PWE3 Support Capability


Table 2-7 Capabilities of the OptiX RTN 910 of supporting PWE3 Feature Basic PWE3 functions Description The equipment supports the emulation TDM E1 services of the structured emulation mode and the non-structured emulation mode. The equipment supports the transmission of emulation services over an LSP tunnel. The equipment supports the jitter cache technology. The equipment adopts the re-timing synchronization mode and adaptive synchronization mode to recover the service clock. The equipment adopts the N-to-one or one-to-one mode to emulate ATM/IMA services, and supports the transmission of a single ATM cell or the cascaded transmission of multiple cells (The maximum number of concatenations is 32). The equipment supports the transmission of

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OptiX RTN 910 Radio Transmission System Product Description

Feature

Description ATM/IMA emulation services over an LSP tunnel. The equipment supports the encapsulation of the Ethernet and the transmission over an LSP tunnel to implement E-Line services. Supports static PWs and dynamic PWs, and adopts the LDP protocol to set up and maintain dynamic PWs.

Others

The equipment supports the conversion of different QoSs for processing based on the service type.

2.9 Ethernet Service Processing Capability


The OptiX RTN 910 provides the powerful Ethernet service processing capability. Table 2-8 Table 4-7 Ethernet service processing capability Item Service frame format Ethernet service type VLAN MPLS Performance Ethernet II, IEEE 802.3, and IEEE 802.1q/p E-Line Adding, deletion, and exchange of IEEE 802.1q/p compliant VLAN tags Basic MPLS functions and service forwarding PW setup and maintenance by using LDP LSP setup and maintenance by using RSVP-TE Flow control Link aggregation Ethernet performance monitoring IEEE 802.3x Supported IETF RFC 2819 compliant RMON performance monitoring

2.10 QoS
OptiX RTN 910 provide improved quality of service (QoS) capabilities and support the following eight per-hop behaviors (PHBs): BE, AF1, AF2, AF3, AF4, EF, CS6, and CS7. Thus, the OptiX RTN 910 can offer various QoS levels of service guarantees and build an integrated network to carry data, voice, and video services. Table 2-9 QoS features Feature Traffic Performance Classifies the traffic over an Ethernet interface by the following fields:

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Feature classification

Performance DSCP or IP precedence in an IP packet EXP in an MPLS packet IEEE 802.1p priority in an S-VLAN/C-VLAN packet

Traffic policing

Supports CAR and policies traffic in the following two modes: Color-blind mode Color-aware mode

Queue scheduling

Each Ethernet port supports the queue scheduling of eight priorities. Schedules the CS7, CS6, and EF queues in Strict Priority (SP) mode. Schedules the AF1, AF2, AF3, and AF4 queues in Weighted Fair Queuing (WFQ) mode. Schedules the BE queues in SP mode.

2.11 Clock Features


The OptiX RTN 910 supports the physical-layer clock synchronization, IEEE 1588V2 time/clock synchronization, and clock synchronization for CES services.

Physical layer clock synchronization mechanism


OptiX RTN 910supports extracting the clock information from the following transmission links: Synchronous Ethernet link E1 link Radio link

IEEE 1588V2 Clock Synchronization and Time Calibration Mechanism


The equipment can use the IEEE 1588V2 protocol to achieve the clock timing synchronization and time information synchronization. The equipment supports the boundary clock, ordinary clock, and transparent clock (including the end-to-end transparent clock and peer-to-peer transparent clock). Each port of the equipment can be configured with different clocks according to the requirement. The equipment supports the clock source protection switching.

physical layer clock synchronization mechanism


OptiX RTN 910supports the following mode: Self-adaptive Retiming

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OptiX RTN 910 Radio Transmission System Product Description

2.12 Protection Scheme


The OptiX RTN 910 provides complete protection schemes. Table 2-10 Protection schemes Protection Object Equipment level protection Radio link protection Network level protection MPLS Input power supply Protection Mode 1+1 hot backup 1+1 HSB/SD/FD 1+1 MPLS tunnel protection 1:1 MPLS tunnel protection LSP FRR protection Ethernet ATM over E1 Packet E1 LAG protection IMA protection ML-PPP protection

2.13 Network Management


The OptiX RTN 910 supports multiple network management (NM) modes, and provides complete NM information exchange schemes.

NM Mode
The OptiX RTN 910 supports the following functions: Accessing the iManager T2000 LCT directly at the near end of the NE to perform the single-point management for the NE Using the OptiX iManager T2000 to manage all OptiX RTN NEs on the transmission network and the NEs of Huawei optical transmission products in the centralized manner and manage the transmission networks in the unified manner

NM Information Exchange Schemes


At the physical layer, the OptiX RTN 910 supports the inband DCN to ensure the exchange of NM information. The OptiX RTN 910 adopts the inband DCN solution. Therefore, the dedicated DCN paths are not required and the cost of network construction is saved. The types of the ports that support the inband DCN are as follows: Microwave port FE/GE port E1 Port

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2.14 Easy Installation


The OptiX RTN 910 supports several installation modes. Therefore, the installation is flexible and convenient. The IDU can be installed in the following modes: In a 300 mm ETSI cabinet In a 600 mm ETSI cabinet In a 450 mm 19-inch cabinet In a 600 mm 19-inch cabinet In an open cabinet On the wall On a table The ODU supports two installation modes: direct mounting and separate mounting.

2.15 Easy Maintenance


The OptiX RTN 910 provides several maintenance features. Therefore, it can effectively reduce the cost of equipment maintenance. The OptiX RTN 910 supports the unified management of the microwave transmission network and the optical transmission network at the network layer by using the OptiX iManger T2000. All the indicators and cable interfaces of the IDU are available on the front panel. Each board of the IDU has the running and alarm status indicators. The OptiX RTN 910 provides plentiful alarms and performance events. The OptiX RTN 910 supports RMON performance events. The OptiX RTN 910 supports the MPLS OAM function. The OptiX RTN 910 supports the monitoring of key radio transmission performance specifications such as the microwave transmit power and the RSSI. The OptiX RTN 910 supports various loopback functions of service ports and IF ports. The OptiX RTN 910 is embedded with a test system. You can perform the PRBS test of an IF port when no special test tools are available. The CF card that stores the data configuration file and the software can be plugged. Therefore, you can load the data or upgrade the software by replacing the CF card. Two sets of software and data are stored in the flash memory of the control, switching, and timing board to facilitate the smooth upgrade. The OptiX RTN 910 supports the regular backup and restoration of the NE database remotely by using the T2000. The OptiX RTN 910 supports the remote loading of the NE software and data by using the T2000 to provide a complete NE upgrade solution. Thus, the entire network can be upgraded rapidly. The OptiX RTN 910 supports the NSF function. When the soft reset is performed on the control, switching, and timing board, the data still can be forwarded normally, thus implementing the smooth software upgrade.

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2 Functions and Features

OptiX RTN 910 Radio Transmission System Product Description

The OptiX RTN 910 supports the hot fix function. You can upgrade the software that is running without interrupting services. The OptiX RTN 910 supports the software version rollback function. When a software upgrade fails, the original services of the system can be recovered.

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3 Product Structure

3
3.1 System Architecture
Figure 3-1 Block diagram

Product Structure

This topic describes the system structure, hardware structure, and software structure of the product, and the process of processing service signals.

The OptiX RTN 910 consists of a series of functional units, including the service interface unit, service switching unit, IF unit, control unit, clock unit, auxiliary interface unit, fan unit, power unit, and ODU.

RF signal ODU IDU Service interface unit Service bus Service switching unit IF signal Service bus Antenna

Ethernet E1

IF unit

Control and overhead bus

Orderwire data External alarm data Sync data

Auxiliary interface unit

Clock unit

Control unit

Fan unit

Power unit

Clock/time interface

NM data

-48V/-60V DC

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OptiX RTN 910 Radio Transmission System Product Description

Table 3-1 Functional unit Functional Unit Service interface unit Function Accesses E1 signals. Accesses Ethernet signals. Performs the corresponding PWE3 encapsulation for various signals that are accessed. Service switching unit IF unit Processes the MPLS protocol and forwards packets. Maps service signals to microwave frame signals and demaps microwave frame signals to service signals. Performs conversion between microwave frame signals and IF analog signals. Provides the O&M channel between the IDU and the ODU. Supports FEC. Control unit System communications and control. System configuration and management. Collects alarms and monitors performance. Processes overheads. Clock unit Traces the clock source signal and provides various clock signals for the system. Processes the IEEE 1588V2 protocol to implement the clock or time synchronization. Provides input and output interfaces for the clock or time. Auxiliary interface unit Provides the orderwire interface. Provides the synchronous data interface. Provides the external alarm input/output interface. Power unit Accesses 48 V/60 V DC power. Provides 48 V/+3.3 V power for the IDU. Provides 48 V power for the ODU. Fan unit ODU Provides wind cooling for the IDU. Converts IF analog signals to RF signals and RF signals to IF analog signals. Provides the O&M channel between the IDU and the ODU.

3.2 Hardware Structure


The OptiX RTN 910 adopts a split structure. The system consists of the IDU and the ODU. An ODU is connected to an IDU through a coaxial cable. The coaxial cable transmits IF service signals and the O&M signals of the ODU. In addition, the coaxial cable supplies 48 V power supply to the ODU.

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3 Product Structure

3.2.1 IDU
The IDU 910 is the IDU of the OptiX RTN 910. The IDU 910 adopts the card plug-in design. It can implement different functions by configuring different types of boards. Figure 3-2 IDU slot layout
SLOT SLOT 5 6 (PIU) (FAN) SLOT 3 (EXT) SLOT 4 (EXT)

SLOT 1 & SLOT 2 (CXPAR/CXPBR)

The EXT represents an extended slot, which can be inserted with various IF boards and interface boards.

Table 3-2 List of IDUs Board Name CXPAR Full Name System control, switching, and clock board System control, switching, and clock board Valid Slot Slot 1 & slot 2 Description Provides 3 Gbit/s packet switching. Performs system communication and control. Processes the clock signals, provides two clock/time common interface . Provides 16xE1 interfaces (The CXPAR provides 75-ohm interfaces, and the CXPBR provides 120-ohm interfaces). Provides four FE interfaces. Provides one Ethernet NM interface, one NM serial interface, and one NE cascading interface. Provides one orderwire phone interface?, one synchronous data interface, and three-input and one-output external alarm interfaces?. IFE2 Packet IF board with a large capacity 8xFE service interface board 8xFE service interface board 2xGE service interface board 16xE1 service processing board (75 ohms) Slot 3 or slot 4 Slot 3 or slot 4 Provides one IF interface. Supports the packet microwave. Supports AM. Slot 3 or slot 4 Provides eight FE interfaces. Provides 8xFE optical interfaces. Uses the SFP optical module to provide two GE optical interfaces. Provides 16 75-ohm E1 interfaces. Processes the following services flexibly:?TDM E1, IMA E1, and ML-PPP E1

CXPBR

EF8T EF8F EG2 ML1

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OptiX RTN 910 Radio Transmission System Product Description

Board Name ML1A

Full Name 16xE1 service processing board (120 ohms) Power board Fan board

Valid Slot Slot 3 or slot 4

Description Provides 16 120-ohm E1 interfaces. Processes the following services flexibly: TDM E1, IMA E1, and ML-PPP E1

TNC1PIU TNC1FAN

Slot 5 Slot 6

Provides two 48 V/60 V DC power inputs. Cools and ventilates the IDU.

3.2.2 ODU
The ODU is an integrated system and has various types. The structures and working principles of various types of ODUs are the same.

Block Diagram
Figure 3-3 Block diagram of the ODU
Multiplexer Tx IF O&M uplink Cable port Tx RF Diplexer

Up-conversion

AMP

CRTL Antenna port Synthesizers

O&M downlink

DC

PWR

Rx IF

Down-conversion

LNA

Rx RF

Signal Processing in the Transmit Direction


The multiplexer splits the signal coming from the IF cable into a 350 MHz IF signal, an O&M uplink signal, and a 48 V DC power signal. In the transmit direction, the IF signal is processed as follows: 1. 2. 3. Through the up-conversion, filtering, and amplification, the IF signal is converted into the RF signal and then sent to the AMP amplifier unit. The AMP amplifies the RF signal (the output power of the signal can be controlled by the IDU software). After the amplification, the RF signal is sent to the antenna through the diplexer.

The O&M uplink signal is a 5.5 MHz ASK-modulated signal and is demodulated in the CTRL control unit. The 48 V DC power signal is sent to the PWR power unit where the secondary power supply of a different voltage is generated and provided to the modules of the ODU.
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Signal Processing in the Receive Direction


In the diplexer, the receive RF signal is separated from the antenna signal. The RF signal is amplified in the low noise amplifier (LNA). Through the down-conversion, filtering, and amplification, the RF signal is converted into the 140 MHz IF signal and then sent to the multiplexer. The O&M downlink signal is modulated under the ASK scheme in the CTRL unit. The 10 MHz signal is generated through the modulation and sent to the multiplexer. The CTRL unit also detects the receive signal level through the RSSI detection circuit and provides the RSSI interface. The IF signal and the O&M downlink signal are combined in the multiplexer and then sent to the IDU through the IF cable.

3.3 Software Structure


The OptiX RTN 910 software consists of the NMS software, IDU software, and ODU software. Figure 3-4 shows the software structure. The NMS software communicates with the NE software through the Qx interface. The Qx interface uses the OptiX private management protocol. Figure 3-4 Software structure
NMS software Qx interface IDU software ODU software

3.3.1 NMS Software


Huawei provides a transmission network management solution that meets the requirements of the telecommunication management network (TMN) for managing all the OptiX RTN products and other OptiX series transmission products on the network.

Related Concepts
5.1 Network Management Solution

3.3.2 IDU Software


The IDU software consists of the NE software and the board software. The NE software manages, monitors, and controls the running status of the IDU. Through the NE software, the NMS communicates with the boards, and controls and manages the NE. The NE software communicates with the ODU software to manage and control the ODU running.

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OptiX RTN 910 Radio Transmission System Product Description

The board software manages and controls the running status of other IDUs except the system control board. Currently, the IDU does not have the independent board software. The board software of the IDU, in the form of modules, is integrated into the NE software and runs in the CPU of the system control board.

3.3.3 ODU Software


The ODU Software manages and controls the ODU running status. The ODU software controls the ODU running according to the parameter transmitted by the IDU software. The ODU running status is reported to the IDU software.

3.4 Service Signal Flow


This topic considers the transmission of the TDM E1 services and the FE services that the CXPAR or CXPBR accesses directly as an example to describe the service signal processing flow of the OptiX RTN 910. Figure 3-5 Service signal processing flow
IDU E1 FE CXPAR/ CXPBR Service bus IF signal IFE2 ODU Antenna RF signal

Table 3-3 Service signal processing flow in the transmit direction SN 1 Component CXPAR/CXPBR Signal Processing Description Accesses E1 signals and FE signals, and extracts E1 service payloads and Ethernet frames. Performs the PWE3 encapsulation for E1 service payloads in CES emulation mode to form the Ethernet frames that carry PW packets. Performs Ethernet Layer 2 processing for Ethernet frames based on the configuration and the Layer 2 protocol, and then performs the PWE3 encapsulation to form the Ethernet frames that carry PW packets. Processes the Ethernet frames that carry and isolate PW packets based on the service configuration and the Layer 3 protocol, and then forwards the processed Ethernet frames to IFE2.

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SN 2

Component IFE2

Signal Processing Description Selects the proper coding and modulation schemes according to the quality of the channel. Accesses the Ethernet frames transmitted from the CXPAR or CXPBR. Maps Ethernet frames into the microwave frame payload area to form microwave frames along with the microwave frame overheads. FEC coding. Digital modulation. D/A conversion. Analog modulation Combines the analog IF signals and ODU O&M signals. The ODU O&M signals are already modulated by the auxiliary modem. Transmits the combined signals and 48 V power to the ODU through the coaxial cable.

ODU

Splits the analog IF signals, ODU O&M signals, and 48 V power. Converts the analog IF signals into RF signals through up conversions and amplifications. Transmits the RF signals to the antenna through the waveguide.

Table 3-4 Service signal processing flow in the receive direction SN 1 Component ODU Signal Processing Description Isolates and filters RF signals. Converts the RF signals into analog IF signals through down conversions and amplifications. Controls the level of the signals through the automatic gain control (AGC) circuit. Combines the IF signals and the ODU O&M signals. The O&M signals are already modulated by an auxiliary modem. Transmits the combined signals to the IF boards.

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OptiX RTN 910 Radio Transmission System Product Description

SN 2

Component IFE2

Signal Processing Description Splits the received analog IF signals and ODU O&M signals. A/D conversion. Digital demodulation. Time domain adaptive equalization. FEC decoding. Synchronizes and descrambles the frames. Extracts overheads from microwave frames. Extracts Ethernet frames from microwave frames, and then transmits the Ethernet frames to the CXPAR or CXPBR.

CXPAR/CXPBR

Processes the Ethernet frames that carry PW packets based on the service configuration and the Layer 3 protocol, and then forwards the processed Ethernet frames. Extracts Ethernet frames and E1 service payloads from PW packets. Outputs Ethernet frames that are processed according to the configuration and the Layer 2 protocol, through FE interface. Outputs E1 service payloads through E1 interface.

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4 Services

4
4.1 Ethernet Services
Service Forms

Services

The OptiX RTN 910 supports the Ethernet services, IMA services, and CES services.

The OptiX RTN 910 provides E-line and E-Aggr services over the public PSN for customers by using the MPLS, IP and GRE tunnel based L2VPN technology.

Standardization organizations such as ITU-T, IETF, and MEF stipulate the model frames for E-line services. Table 4-1 lists the model frames. The OptiX RTN 910 adopts the model frame that is stipulated by MEF. Table 4-1 Comparison among L2 Ethernet services stipulated by the standardization organizations Service Type Service Multiplexing (Access Side) Physically isolated Physically isolated VLAN Transmission Channel (Network Side) Physically isolated VLAN MPLS Physically isolated VLAN MPLS IETF Model VPWS VPWS ITU-T Model EPL EVPL MEF Model E-Line

Point-topoint service

Line Virtual line

E-Line Service Illustration


Figure 4-1 illustrates the E-line service that is provided by the OptiX RTN 900 product.

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4 Services

OptiX RTN 910 Radio Transmission System Product Description

Company A has branches in City 1 and City 3. Company B has branches in City 2 and City 3. Company C has branches in City 1 and City 2. The branches of Company A, Company B, and Company C require data communication among themselves within the Company. The OptiX RTN 900 equipment can provide E-line services for Company A, Company B, and Company C respectively to meet the communication requirements. In this case, the OptiX RTN 900 can ensure that the service data of each company is fully isolated. Figure 4-1 E-Line service illustration

Company A

Nationwide/Global carrier Ethernet

Company A

Company C City 1

Company B City 3

E-Line1 E-Line2 E-Line3 Company B

OptiX RTN 900

Company C

OptiX packet transmission product

City 2

E-Aggr Service Illustration


The E-Aggr service is a point-to-point bidirectional convergence service. Figure 4-2 illustrates the E-Aggr service provided by the OptiX RTN 900 products. To construct a 3G network, an operator needs to converge services from each NodeB and transmit the converged services to the RNC. The data flow between the NodeB and the RNC is taken as a service. At the convergence node, overall bandwidth is specified for the services to ensure the QoS.

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4 Services

Figure 4-2 E-Aggr service illustration

FE

FE

GE

FE

OptiX RTN 900

Node B

RNC

4.2 IMA/ATM Services


The OptiX RTN 910 provides ATM emulation services by means of PWs in the packet-based transport network. The OptiX RTN 910 accesses ATM services on the source node, encapsulates ATM cells into PWs, and transmits the PWs to the sink node. On the sink node, the ATM cells are recovered. In this way, the ATM service emulation is achieved. The OptiX RTN 910 supports the following modes to map the ATM cell flow to the PW. 1:1 virtual channel connection (VCC) mapping scheme: one VCC is mapped into one PW. N:1 VCC mapping scheme: N (N32) VCCs are mapped into one PW. 1:1 virtual path connection (VPC) mapping scheme: one VPC is mapped into one PW. N:1 VPC mapping scheme: N (N32) VPCs are mapped into one PW. The OptiX RTN 910 can access ATM services by using the IMA technology. It supports the following operations: Querying the IMA link state. Querying the IMA group state. Adding E1 links to an IMA group. Deleting E1 links from an IMA group. ATM specifications supported by the OptiX RTN 910 are listed as follows:

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OptiX RTN 910 Radio Transmission System Product Description

A maximum of 32 ATM cells can be concatenated for a PW. A maximum of 192 ATM services can be supported. A maximum of 384 ATM connections (local service, including VCCs and VPCs) or 768 ATM connections (remote service, including VCCs and VPCs) can be supported. A maximum of 8 IMA groups can be supported by the ML1 and ML1A boards. A maximum of 16 E1 links can be supported in each IMA group.

4.3 CES Services


In a packet-based transport network, the CES circuit emulation technology is used to transparently transmit TDM circuit switching data. The OptiX RTN 910 supports emulated transparent transmission of the TDM E1 services.

Application Model
The OptiX RTN 910 can access CES services by using the PWE3 technology. The CES service mainly applies to the wireless service and the enterprise private line service. The 2G base station or enterprise private line accesses the OptiX RTN 910 by using the E1 line. The OptiX RTN 900 equipment slices and encapsulates the E1 signals into data packets, which are then transported to the opposite end through the PW in the metropolitan transport network. See Figure 4-3. Figure 4-3 Application model of the CES service
Backbone layer

IP/MPLS backbone network

Convergence layer

RNC

BSC

Access layer

NodeB

BTS

BTS

NodeB

CES

OptiX RTN 900

OptiX packet transmission product

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4 Services

In the case of a local CES service, it is like that there are two links on the equipment. The CES service is transmitted upstream over one link and is transmitted downstream over the other link.

Emulation Mode
The OptiX RTN 910 supports CES services of the two modes known as the structured emulation mode and the unstructured emulation mode. The structured emulation mode is referred to as structure-aware TDM circuit emulation service over packet switched network (CESoPSN). In this mode: The equipment senses frame structures, frame alignment modes, and timeslots in the TDM circuit. The equipment processes the overhead and extracts the payload in TDM frames. Then, the equipment delivers timeslots of each channel to the packet payload according to a certain sequence. Thus, services of each channel in the packet are fixed and visible. Each data packet that carries the CES service loads a fixed number of TDM frames. The encapsulation time can be configured from 0.125 ms to 5 ms. The jitter buffer can be configured from 0.125 ms to 5 ms. The unstructured emulation mode is referred to as structure-agnostic TDM over packet (SAToP). In this mode: The equipment considers the TDM signals as bit streams at a constant rate instead of sensing structures in the TDM signals. The entire bandwidth of the TDM signals is emulated. Overheads and payloads in the TDM signals are transparently transmitted. The encapsulation time can be configured from 0.125 ms to 5 ms. The jitter buffer can be configured from 0.125 ms to 5 ms. In the CESoPSN mode, the OptiX RTN 910 provides the compression function for the idle 64 kbit/s timeslots in the TDM E1 signals, to save the transmission bandwidth.

Service Clocks
TDM services have high requirements for clock synchronization. The OptiX RTN 910 supports the retiming synchronization mode, and self-adaptation synchronization mode. In the retiming synchronization mode, the system clock of the PEs are synchronized and the system clock is used as the service clock (retiming). Thus, all the PEs and CEs are synchronized and the service clocks of the TDM services on all the CEs and PEs are synchronized. See Figure 4-4.

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OptiX RTN 910 Radio Transmission System Product Description

Figure 4-4 Retiming synchronization mode of the CES service clock


PRC/GPS PRC/GPS

TDM CE PE

CES PE

TDM CE

In the self-adaptation synchronization mode, the PE equipment at the ingress side extracts clock from the TDM interface. The PE equipment at the egress side recovers the TDM clock through the CES service. See Figure 4-5. Figure 4-5 Self-adaptation synchronization mode of the CES service clock
Service clock generated according to the clock information in the CES service Line timing mode started to extract the clock from the TDM interface

TDM BTS PE

CES PE

TDM BSC

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5 Network Management System

Network Management System

This topic describes the network management solution and various NMS software that contribute to this solution.

5.1 Network Management Solution


Huawei provides a complete transport network management solution compliant with TMN for different function domains and customers in telecommunication networks. The NM solutions include the following: OptiX iManager T2000 LCT local maintenance terminal OptiX iManager T2000 transmission network management system OptiX iManager T2100 transmission network (network-level) management system Figure 5-1 Network management solution to the transmission network

Network-level NM

iManager T2100

Subnetwork-level NM

iManager T2000 iManager T2100

Local craft terminal

iManager T2000 LCT

5.2 T2000 LCT


The T2000 LCT is a local maintenance terminal. A user can access the T2000 LCT server by using the T2000 LCT client to management a single NE. T2000 LCT performs the following NE level management functions: NE management, alarm management, performance management, configuration management, communication management, and security management.

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5 Network Management System

OptiX RTN 910 Radio Transmission System Product Description

NE Management
Searching for NEs Adding/Deleting NEs Logging in to or out of NEs NE time management

Alarm Management
Setting alarm monitoring strategies Viewing alarms Deleting alarms

Performance Management
Setting performance monitoring strategies Viewing performance events Resetting performance registers

Configuration Management
Basic NE information configuration Microwave link configuration Protection configuration Interface configuration Service configuration Clock configuration

Communication Management
Communication parameter management DCC management HWECC protocol management IP protocol management

Security Management
NE user management NE user group management LCT access control Online user management NE security parameters NE security log NMS user management NMS log management

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5 Network Management System

5.3 T2000
The T2000 is a subnetwork-level network management system. A user can access the T2000 server through a T2000 client to manage Huawei transport subnets in the unified manner. The T2000 can provide not only the NE-level management function, but also the management function at the network layer.

NE Level Management
NE object management NE level alarm management NE level performance management NE level configuration management NE level communication management NE level security management

Network Level Management


Topology management Network level alarm management Network level performance management Network level performance management Network level communication management Network level security management Network-wide clock management

Others
Report function Northbound SNMP interface

5.4 T2100
The T2100 is a network level management system. Users can access the T2100 server through a special T2100 client and thus achieve uniform management over multiple transmission networks composed of OptiX series transmission products. The T2100 and the T2000 form a multi-layer management network to manage large transmission networks. The hierarchical management system has the following features: Strengthens the network management ability. Realizes uniform network management. Separates NE management from network management. Meets the requirements for the O&M mechanism of operators.

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OptiX RTN 910 Radio Transmission System Product Description

Figure 5-2 Multi-layer management network

T2100

DCN

T2000

T2000

OptiX product network

OptiX product network

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6 Performance

6
6.1 RF Performance
6.1.1 Microwave work modes

Performance

This topic describes the technical specifications of the OptiX RTN 910.

This topic describes the radio frequency (RF) performance and various technical specifications related to microwaves.

This section lists the microwave work modes that are supported by the OptiX RTN 910. Table 6-1 Microwave work modes Channel Spacing (MHz) 7 7 7 7 7 7 14 (13.75) 14 (13.75) 14 (13.75) 14 (13.75) 14 (13.75) 14 (13.75) 28 (27.5) Modulation Scheme QPSK 16QAM 32QAM 64QAM 128QAM 256QAM QPSK 16QAM 32QAM 64QAM 128QAM 256QAM QPSK Maximum Ethernet throughput (Mbit/s) 9 to 11 19 to 23 24 to 29 31 to 37 37 to 44 43 to 51 20 to 23 41 to 48 50 to 59 65 to 76 77 to 90 90 to 104 41 to 48

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Channel Spacing (MHz) 28 (27.5) 28 (27.5) 28 (27.5) 28 (27.5) 28 (27.5) 56 56 56 56 56 56

Modulation Scheme 16QAM 32QAM 64QAM 128QAM 256QAM QPSK 16QAM 32QAM 64QAM 128QAM 256QAM

Maximum Ethernet throughput (Mbit/s) 84 to 97 108 to 125 130 to 150 160 to 180 180 to 210 84 to 97 170 to 190 210 to 240 260 to 310 310 to 360 360 to 420

The channel spacings 13.75 MHz and 27.5 MHz are applied to the 18 GHz frequency band. The channel spacings listed in the table are the minimum channel spacings supported by the product. The channel spacings larger than the values are also supported.

6.1.2 Frequency Band


The ODUs of the different series and different types support different operating frequency bands.

Frequency Bands (Standard Power ODU)


Table 6-2 Frequency band (SP ODUs) Frequency Band 7 GHz 8 GHz 11 GHz 13 GHz 15 GHz 18 GHz 23 GHz Frequency Range (GHz) 7.0937.897 7.731 8.496 10.67511.745 12.75113.248 14.40315.348 17.68519.710 21.20023.618 T/R Spacing (MHz) 154, 161, 168, 196, 245 119, 126, 266, 311.32 490, 500, 530 266 315, 322, 420, 490, 728 1008, 1010, 1560 1008, 1200, 1232

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Frequency Band 26 GHz 38 GHz

Frequency Range (GHz) 24.54926.453 37.04439.452

T/R Spacing (MHz) 1008 1260

Table 6-3 Frequency band (SPA ODUs) Frequency Band 6 GHz Frequency Range (GHz) 5.9156.425 (L6) 6.4257.125 (U6) T/R Spacing (MHz) 252.04 (L6) 340 (U6)

Frequency Bands (High Power ODU)


Table 6-4 Frequency band (HP ODUs) Frequency Band 7 GHz 8 GHz 11 GHz 13 GHz 15 GHz 18 GHz 23 GHz 26 GHz 32 GHz 38 GHz Frequency Range (GHz) 7.0937.897 7.7318.497 10.67511.745 12.75113.248 14.40015.353 17.68519.710 21.20023.618 24.54926.453 31.81533.383 37.04440.105 T/R Spacing (MHz) 154, 161, 168, 196, 245 119, 126, 151.614, 208, 266, 311.32 490, 500, 530 266 315, 322, 420, 490, 644, 728 1008, 1010, 1560 1008, 1200, 1232 1008 812 700, 1260

6.1.3 Receiver Sensitivity


The receiver sensitivity reflects the anti-fading capability of the microwave equipment.
For a guaranteed value, remove 3 dB from the typical value. The 6 GHz ODU does not support the modulation mode of 256QAM and the channel spacing of 56 MHz. The value of the receiver sensitivity is unavailable (NA) in the case of the 6 GHz ODU.

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OptiX RTN 910 Radio Transmission System Product Description

Table 6-5 Typical receiver sensitivity values (i) Performance (at 7 MHz Channel Spacing) Item QPSK 16QAM 32QAM 64QAM 128QAM 256QAM

RSL@ BER = 106 (unit: dBm) @6GHz @7GHz @8GHz @11GHz @13GHz @15GHz @18GHz @23GHz @26GHz @32GHz @38GHz 92.5 92.5 92.5 92 92 92 92 91.5 91 90 89.5 86.5 86.5 86.5 86 86 86 86 85.5 85 84 83.5 82.5 82.5 82.5 82 82 82 82 81.5 81 80 79.5 -79.5 -79.5 -79.5 -79 -79 -79 -79 -78.5 -78 -77 -76.5 76.5 76.5 76.5 76 76 76 76 75.5 75 74 73.5 NA 73.5 73.5 73 73 73 73 72.5 72 71 70.5

Table 6-6 Typical receiver sensitivity values (ii) Performance (at 14 MHz Channel Spacing) Item QPSK 16QAM 32QAM 64QAM 128QAM 256QAM

RSL@ BER = 106 (unit: dBm) @6GHz @7GHz @8GHz @11GHz @13GHz @15GHz @18GHz @23GHz @26GHz @32GHz @38GHz 90.5 90.5 90.5 90 90 90 90 89.5 89 88 87.5 83.5 83.5 83.5 83 83 83 83 82.5 82 81 80.5 79.5 79.5 79.5 79 79 79 79 78.5 78 77 76.5 -76.5 -76.5 -76.5 -76 -76 -76 -76 -75.5 -75 -74 -73.5 73.5 73.5 73.5 73 73 73 73 72.5 72 71 70.5 NA 70.5 70.5 70 70 70 70 69.5 69 68 67.5

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Table 6-7 Typical receiver sensitivity values (iii) Performance (at 28 MHz Channel Spacing) Item QPSK 16QAM 32QAM 64QAM 128QAM 256QAM

RSL@ BER = 106 (unit: dBm) @6GHz @7GHz @8GHz @11GHz @13GHz @15GHz @18GHz @23GHz @26GHz @32GHz @38GHz 87.5 87.5 87.5 87 87 87 87 86.5 86 85 84.5 80.5 80.5 80.5 80 80 80 80 79.5 79 78 77.5 76.5 76.5 76.5 76 76 76 76 75.5 75 74 73.5 -73.5 -73.5 -73.5 -73 -73 -73 -73 -72.5 -72 -71 -70.5 70.5 70.5 70.5 70 70 70 70 69.5 69 68 67.5 NA 67.5 67.5 67 67 67 67 66.5 66 65 64.5

Table 6-8 Typical receiver sensitivity values (iv) Performance (at 56 MHz Channel Spacing) Item QPSK 16QAM 32QAM 64QAM 128QAM 256QAM

RSL@ BER = 106 (unit: dBm) @6GHz @7GHz @8GHz @11GHz @13GHz @15GHz @18GHz @23GHz @26GHz NA 84.5 84.5 84 84 84 84 83.5 83 NA 77.5 77.5 77 77 77 77 76.5 76 NA 73.5 73.5 73 73 73 73 72.5 72 NA -70.5 -70.5 -70 -70 -70 -70 -69.5 -69 NA 67.5 67.5 67 67 67 67 66.5 66 NA 64.5 64.5 64 64 64 64 63.5 63

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Performance (at 56 MHz Channel Spacing) Item @32GHz @38GHz QPSK 82 81.5 16QAM 75 74.5 32QAM 71 70.5 64QAM -68 -67.5 128QAM 65 64.5 256QAM 62 61.5

6.1.4 Transceiver Performance


The performance of the transceiver includes the nominal maximum/minimum transmit power, nominal maximum receive power, and frequency stability.

Transceiver Performance (Standard Power ODU)


Table 6-9 Transceiver performance (SP ODUs) Item Performance QPSK 16QAM/32QA M 64QAM/128Q AM 256QAM

Nominal maximum transmit power (dBm) @7 GHz @8 GHz @11 GHz @13 GHz @15 GHz @18 GHz @23 GHz @26 GHz @38 GHz Nominal minimum transmit power (dBm) Nominal maximum receive power (dBm) Frequency stability (ppm) 27 27 26 26 26 25.5 24 23.5 22 4 22.5 22.5 21.5 21.5 21.5 21.5 20.5 19.5 17.5 18.5 18.5 17.5 17.5 17.5 17.5 16.5 15.5 13.5 16.5 16.5 15.5 15.5 15.5 15.5 14.5 13.5 11.5

20

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Table 6-10 Transceiver performance (SPA ODUs) Item Performance QPSK Nominal maximum transmit power (dBm) @6 GHz Nominal minimum transmit power (dBm) Nominal maximum receive power (dBm) Frequency stability (ppm) 26.5 0 24.0 23.0 16QAM/32QAM 64QAM/128QAM

20

Transceiver Performance (High Power ODU)


Table 6-11 Transceiver performance (HP ODUs) Item Performance QPSK 16QAM/32QA M 64QAM/128Q AM 256QAM

Nominal maximum transmit power (dBm) @7 GHz @8 GHz @11 GHz @13 GHz @15 GHz @18 GHz @23 GHz @26 GHz @32 GHz @38 GHz 30 30 28 26 26 25.5 25 25 23 23 28 28 26 24 24 23 23 22 21 20 25 25 22 20 20 19 19 19 17 17 23 23 20 18 18 17 17 17 15 15

Nominal minimum transmit power (dBm) @7 GHz @8 GHz 9 9

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Item

Performance QPSK 16QAM/32QA M 64QAM/128Q AM 256QAM

@11 GHz @13 GHz @15 GHz @18 GHz @23 GHz @26 GHz @32 GHz @38 GHz Nominal maximum receive power (dBm) Frequency stability (ppm)

6 3 3 2 2 2 1 1 20

6.1.5 IF Performance
The IF performance includes the performance of the IF signal and the performance of the ODU O&M signal. Table 6-12 IF performance Item IF signal Transmit frequency of the IF board (MHz) Receive frequency of the IF board (MHz) Impedance (ohm) ODU O&M signal Modulation scheme Transmit frequency of the IF board (MHz) Receive frequency of the IF board (MHz) ASK 5.5 10 350 140 50 Performance

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6.1.6 Baseband Signal Processing Performance of the Modem


The baseband signal processing performance of the modem indicates the FEC coding scheme and the performance of the baseband time domain adaptive equalizer. Table 6-13 Baseband signal processing performance of the modem Item Encoding mode Adaptive time-domain equalizer for baseband signals Performance Low-density parity check code (LDPC) encoding. Supported.

6.2 Packet Service Capability


The product provides the powerful packet service capability to meet the relevant requirements of operators. Table 6-14 Packet service capability Item Number of supported VLAN tags Number of supported tunnels (including MPLS tunnels, TMPLS tunnels, IP tunnels, and GRE tunnels) Number of CESs Number of supported PWs Number of E-Lines Number of supported routes Supported routing protocols Number of APS protection groups Performance Specification 4096 512

48 1024 1024 512 NNI: IS-IS and MP-BGP UNI: OSPF, MP-BGP, and RIP 128

6.3 Equipment Reliability


Equipment reliability includes the component reliability and the link reliability.

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6.3.1 Component Reliability


The component reliability reflects the reliability of a single component. Table 6-15 Component reliability Item Performance IDU (1+0 Non-protection Configuration) MTBF (h) MTTR (h) Availability 354749 1 99.99972% IDU (1+1 Protection Configuration) 547272 1 99.99982% ODU

481788 1 99.99979%

6.3.2 Link Reliability


The link reliability reflects the reliability of a microwave hop and reflects the reliability of all the involved components. Table 6-16 Link reliability per hop Item Performance 1+0 Non-protection Configuration MTBF (h) MTTR (h) Availability 102155 1 99.99902% 1+1 Protection Configuration 258929 1 99.99961%

6.4 Interface Performance


This section describes the technical specifications of various services and auxiliary interfaces.

6.4.1 E1 Interface Performance


The performance of the E1 interface is compliant with ITU-T G.703. Table 6-17 E1 interface performance Item Nominal bit rate (kbit/s) Performance 2048

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Item Code pattern Wire pair in each transmission direction Impedance (ohm)

Performance HDB3 One coaxial wire pair 75 One symmetrical wire pair 120

6.4.2 Ethernet Interface Performance


The performance of the Ethernet interface is compliant with IEEE 802.3.

GE Optical Interface Performance


The performance of the GE optical interface is compliant with IEEE 802.3. The following table provides the primary performance. Table 6-18 GE optical interface performance Item Nominal bit rate (kbit/s) Optical interface type Fiber type Central wavelength (nm) Mean launched optical power (dBm) Receiver sensitivity (dBm) Min. overhead point (dBm) Extinction ratio (dB) Performance 1000 1000BASE-LX (0.5 km) Multi-mode 770 to 860 -9.5 to 0 1000BASE-SX (10 km) Single-mode 1270 to 1355 -11 to -3 1000BASE-VX (40 km) Single-mode 1275 to 1355 - 5 to 0 1000BASE-ZX (80 km) Single-mode 1500 to 1580 -2 to 5

-17 0 9

-19 -3 9

-22 -3 9

-22 -3 9

OptiX RTN 910 use SFP modules for providing GE optical interfaces. You can use different types of SFP modules to provide GE optical interfaces with different classification codes and transmission distances.

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Performance of the FE Optical Interface


The FE optical interface complies with IEEE 802.3. The following table describes the primary performance. Table 6-19 Performance of the FE optical interface Item Nominal bit rate (kbit/s) Optical interface type Fiber type Central wavelength (nm) Mean launched optical power (dBm) Receiver sensitivity (dBm) Min. overhead point (dBm) Extinction ratio (dB) Performance 100 100BASE-FX (15 km) Single-mode 1261 to 1360 - 15 to - 8 -28 -8 8.2 100BASE-FX (40 km) Single-mode 1263 to 1360 - 5 to 0 -34 -10 10 100BASE-FX (80 km) Single-mode 1480 to 1580 -5 to 0 -34 -10 10

OptiX RTN 910 use SFP modules for providing FE optical interfaces. You can use different types of SFP modules to provide FE optical interfaces with different classification codes and transmission distances.

10/100/1000BASE-T(X) Interface Performance


The 10/100/1000BASE-T(X) interface is compliant with IEEE 802.3. The following table provides the primary performance. Table 6-20 10/100/1000BASE-T(X) interface performance Item Nominal bit rate (Mbit/s) Performance 10 (10BASE-T) 100 (100BASE-TX) 1000 (1000BASE-T) Code pattern Manchester encoding signal (10BASE-T) MLT-3 encoding signal (100BASE-TX) 4D-PAM5 encoding signal (1000BASE-T) Interface type RJ-45

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10/100BASE-T(X) Interface Performance


The 10/100BASE-T(X) interface is compliant with IEEE 802.3. The following table provides the primary performance. Table 6-21 10/100BASE-T(X) interface performance Item Nominal bit rate (Mbit/s) Code pattern Interface type Performance 10 (10BASE-T) 100 (100BASE-TX) Manchester encoding signal (10BASE-T) MLT-3 encoding signal (100BASE-TX) RJ-45

6.4.3 Auxiliary Interface Performance


The auxiliary interface performance includes the performance of the orderwire interface and synchronous data interface.

Orderwire Interface Performance


Table 6-22 Orderwire interface performance Item Transmission path Orderwire type Wire pair in each transmission direction Impedance (ohm) Performance Uses the user-defined byte in the overhead of the microwave frame. Addressing call One symmetrical wire pair 600

Synchronous Data Interface Performance


Table 6-23 Synchronous data interface performance Item Transmission path Nominal bit rate (kbit/s) Interface type Interface characteristics Performance Uses the user-defined byte in the overhead of the microwave frame. 64 Codirectional Meets the ITU-T G.703 standard.

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6.5 Clock Timing and Synchronization Performance


The clock timing performance and synchronization performance of the product meet relevant ITU-T recommendations Table 6-24 Clock timing and synchronization performance Item External synchronization source Frequency accuracy Pull-in, hold-in, and pull-out ranges Noise generation Noise tolerance Noise transfer Transient response and holdover performance Performance 2048 kbit/s (compliant with ITU-T G.703 9), or 2048 kHz (compliant with ITU-T G.703 13) Compliant with ITU-T G.813

6.6 Integrated System Performance


Integrated system performance includes the dimensions, weight, power consumption, power supply, EMC, lightning protection, safety, and environment.

Dimensions
Table 6-25 Dimensions Component IDU ODU Dimensions 442 mm (width) x 220 mm (depth) x 44 mm (height) < 280 mm (width) x 92 mm (depth) x 280 mm (height)

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Weight and Power Consumption


Table 6-26 Typical weight Component IDU ODU Typical Weight 4.1 kg, (1+0 non-protection) 4.6 kg, (1+1 protection) 4.2 kg, (SPA ODU) 4.6 kg, (SP/HP ODU)

Table 6-27 Typical power consumption No. 1 2 Configuration 16xE1+4xFE, 1+0 non-protection 16xE1+4xFE, 1+1 HSB protection Typical Power Consumption (IDU+ODU) 118 W 155 W

Power Supply
Table 6-28 Power Supply Component IDU Performance Compliant with ETSI EN300 132-2 Supporting two 48 V/60 V (38.4 V to 72 V) DC power inputs (mutual backup) ODU Compliant with ETSI EN300 132-2 Supporting one 48 V (38.4 V to 72 V) DC power input that is provided by the IDU

EMC
Passes CE authentication. Compliant with ETSI EN 301 489-1. Compliant with ETSI EN 301 489-4. Compliant with CISPR 22. Compliant with EN 55022 CLASS B (when an IDU is installed in a outdoor BTS cabinet).

Lightning Protection
Compliant with ITU-T K.27.
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Compliant with ETSI EN 300 253.

Safety
Passes CE authentication. Compliant with ETSI EN 60215. Compliant with ETSI EN 60950. Compliant with IEC 60825.

Environment
The IDU is a unit used in a place that has weather protection and where the temperature can be controlled. The ODU is an outdoor unit.

Table 6-29 Environment performance Item Component IDU Major reference standards Operation Transportation Storage Air temperature Operation Transportation and storage Compliant with ETSI EN 300 019-1-3 class 3.2 ODU Compliant with ETSI EN 300 019-1-4 class 4.1

Compliant with ETSI EN 300 019-1-2 class 2.3 Compliant with ETSI EN 300 019-1-1 class 1.2 5C to +55C 40C to +70C 5% to 95% < 7.2 bel, compliant with ETSI EN 300 753 class 3.2 attended 5% to 100% 35C to +55C

Relative humidity Noise

Earthquake Mechanical stress

Compliant with Bellcore GR-63-CORE ZONE 4 Compliant with ETSI EN 300 019

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A Glossary

A
A ATM Air interface link B BTS

Glossary

The asynchronous transfer mode (ATM) is designed to transfer cell in which multiple service types (such as voice, video, or data) are conveyed in fixed-length (53-byte) cells. Fixed-length cells allow cell processing to occur in hardware, thereby reducing transit delays. A link used to transmit radio frequencies between mobile phones and base stations.

Base transceiver station. It terminates the radio interface. It allows transmission of traffic and signaling across the air interface. The BTS includes the baseband processing, radio equipment, and the antenna. Base station controller. A BSC is used to control the radio signals of the receiving and transmitting base stations.

BSC

C CES CoS Circuit emulation service. A technology adapts the traditional narrowband services, that is, TDM services, to the wideband. Class of Service. A queuing discipline. An algorithm compares fields of packets or CoS tags to classify packets and to assign to queues of differing priority. CoS can not ensure network performance or guarantee priority in delivering packets. A process that combines multiple virtual containers. The combined capacities can be used as a single capacity. The concatenation also keeps the integrity of bit sequence. The control plane performs the call control and connection control functions. Through signaling, the control plane sets up and releases connections, and may restore a connection in case of a failure. The control plane also performs other functions in support of call and connection control, such as routing information dissemination.

Concatenation

Control plane

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A Glossary

OptiX RTN 910 Radio Transmission System Product Description

E E-Line Ethernet line. An point-to-point private service type that is provided for the user Ethernet in different domains.

F FEC Forwarding equivalence class. A term used in multiprotocol label switching (MPLS) to describe a group of packets which are forwarded in the same manner (e.g.,over the same path, with the same forwarding treatment). FEC can be classified by address, service type, priority and QOS of packets, and may be bound to a MPLS label. In the case of flow classification, all the services from Layer 2 to Layer 7 of the OSI model are searched out and the service types are classified. Refers to a cyclic set of consecutive timeslots in which the relative position of each time slot can be identified In the transmission network. Refers to the packet data unit of the data link layer in the OSI model. It consists of frame header, user data and frame tail. The frame header and frame tail are used for synchronization and error control. The forwarding plane is also referred to as data plane, which forwards packets under the management of the control plane.

Flow classification Frame

Forwarding plane

I IS-IS IS-IS inter-domain rerouting information switching protocol. The IS-IS protocol is a dynamic routing protocol designed by ISO for connectionless network protocol (CLNP). Inverse multiplexing over ATM. A physical layer technology in which a high-speed stream of ATM cells is broken up and transmitted across multiple T1/E1 links, then is reconstructed back into the original ATM cell order at the destination. IMA is first standardized (v1.0) by the ATM Forum in 1997, and recently updated (v1.1) in 1999.

IMA

L L2VPN LSR LSP Layer 2 virtual private network. A virtual private network realized in the packet switched (IP/MPLS) network by Layer 2 switching technologies. label switch router. LSR is to forward packets in an MPLS network by looking only at the fixed-length label. Label switch path. An ingress and egress switched path built through a series of LSRs to forward the packets of a particular FEC using a label swapping forwarding mechanism.

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A Glossary

LDP

Label Distribution Protocol. A protocol defined in RFC 3036 for distributing labels in MPLS network. It is the set of procedures and messages by which Label Switched Routers (LSRs) establish Label Switched Paths (LSPs) through a network by mapping network-layer routing information directly to data-link layer switched paths. More information about the applicability of LDP can be found in RFC3037. A "topological component" that provides transport capacity between two endpoints in different subnetworks via a fixed (that is, inflexible routing) relationship.

link

M MPLS OAM The MPLS OAM provides continuity check for a single LSP, and provides a set of fault detection tools and fault correct mechanisms for MPLS networks. The MPLS OAM and relevant protection switching components implement the detection function for the CR-LSP forwarding plane, and perform the protection switching in 50 ms after a fault occurs. In this way, the impact of a fault can be lowered to the minimum.

N node In a network, a point where one or more functional units interconnect transmission lines.

P PWE3 Package loading packet PW pseudo wire emulation edge to edge. A mechanism that emulates the essential attributes of service (such as a E1 leased line or Frame Relay) over a PSN. A method used to upgrade, load, and manage NE-level software in a centralized manner. A logical grouping of information including header and (usually) user data. Pseudo wire. A mechanism that bears the simulated services between PEs on the PSN.

Q QoS Quality of Service. A set of service requirements to be met by the network while transporting a connection or flow; the collective effect of service performance which determine the degree of satisfaction of a user of the service. (E.360.1)

R Route Path through an network.

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A Glossary

OptiX RTN 910 Radio Transmission System Product Description

S Switch To filter, forward frames based on label or the destination address of each frame. This behavior operates at the data link layer of the OSI model.

T Tunnel A information transmission channel that is set up between two entities in the application of VPN. A tunnel provides sufficient security to prevent intrusion to the VPN internal information. A technique that can creates data forwarding paths for nodes based on the available resources on the network and reserve bandwidths for key traffic.

Traffic engineering

V VC VPWS A unidirectional logical connection between two nodes. virtual private wire service. A Virtual Private Wire Service (VPWS) is a point-to-point circuit (link) connecting two Customer Edge devices. The link is established as a logical link through a packet switched network.

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B Acronyms and Abbreviations

B
A ATM AF AM ATPC APS ADSL ARP

Acronyms and Abbreviations

Asynchronous Transfer Mode Assured Forwarding Adaptive Modulation Automatic Transmit Power Control Automatic Protection Switching Asymmetric Digital Subscriber Line Address Resolution Protocol

B BSC BTS BGP Base Station Controller Base Transceiver Station Border Gateway Protocol

C CES CSPF CE CoS CR-LDP CC CIR Circuit Emulation Service Constraint-based Shortest Path First Customer Edge Class of Service Constraint-Routing Label Distribution Protocol Continuity Check Committed Information Rate

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B Acronyms and Abbreviations

OptiX RTN 910 Radio Transmission System Product Description

D DCN DSCP DS Data Communication Network Differentiated Services Code Point Differentiated Services

E EMC EPL EVPL ETS ETSI E-Line Electromagnetic Compatibility Ethernet Private Line Ethernet Virtual Private Line European Telecommunication Standards European Telecommunications Standards Institute Ethernet-Line

F FEC FD FRR Forwarding Equivalence Class Frequency Diversity Fast ReRoute

G GPS Global Positioning System

H HSB HSDPA Hot Standby High Speed Downlink Packet Access

I IP IS-IS IEC IEEE IMA ITU-T Internet Protocol Intermediate System to Intermediate System International Electrotechnical Commission Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers Inverse Multiplexing for ATM International Telecommunication Union - Telecommunication Standardization Sector

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B Acronyms and Abbreviations

L LACP LSP LSR LDP LMP LSDB Link Aggregation Control Protocol Label Switched Path Label Switched Router Label Distribution Protocol Link Management Protocol Link-State Database

M MPLS MP MAC Multiprotocol Label Switching Merge Point Medium Access Control

N NNI NSF Network to Network Interface Not Stop Forwarding

O OSPF OAM Open Shortest Path First Operation, Administration and Maintenance

P PE PW PWE3 PSN PDU PRC PHP PHB PLR PPVPN Provider Edge Pseudo Wire Pseudo Wire Emulation Edge-to-Edge Packet Switched Network Protocol Data Unit Primary Reference Clock Penultimate Hop Popping Per-Hop Behavior Point of Local Repair Provider Provisioned VPN

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B Acronyms and Abbreviations

OptiX RTN 910 Radio Transmission System Product Description

PIR

Peak Information Rate

Q QoS QPSK Quality of Service Quadrature Phase Shift Keying

R RSVP RIP RNC Resource Reservation Protocol Routing Information Protocol Radio Network Controller

S SD SDH Space Diversity Synchronous Digital Hierarchy

T TE TDM TTL TEDB Traffic Engineering Time Division Multiplex Time to Live Traffic Engineering Database

U UNI User Network Interface

V VC VCC VLAN VP VPN VPC VPWS VPI Virtual Channel Virtual Channel Connection Virtual Local Area Network Virtual Path Virtual Private Network Virtual Path Connection Virtual Private Wire Service Virtual Path Identifier

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B Acronyms and Abbreviations

VRF VCI

Virtual Routing and Forwarding Virtual Channel Identifier

W WRED WMS Weighted Random Early Detection Wholesale Managed Services

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