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26' aslrji, Demer' 200 o by dNard mat reprodued, rsend al No ofthisuliction All righis nr stored a Etivl i|r sstmj tmnsitted. afom or bny or rcrdin8 otheN'' or mns, letni. ehmjal' hoto.ing. tn holder. nhout fthepub]hrrnd coight rir rmsio ISBN:1905745.5 Prjald theUnd in slates Ameila of 2* Pintig: Auclst.2004 Rose lnlmlionl Pu]hing ose

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| a , Y | | \ . t p o r l ' a , , L a , i 1 o | 1 d f u l . o t ' , which th writer in th his fit |ny effon. roudly rolifis 1ob lilelng inspinlion i h searchfor rotherod !fiog !oles shring mutua|histoy and ulnlre, with tmal lov ad Iofound rset y elovdnts' Geoigo ad al Tashji' lh ges fo lrelein r ddiid lo en sIdmmory in cratitudlor thn eift of Dflst mot id lalhr ]n uIamel ofrtrcadrra lrue livine sLryof m lif|on8 tns in an rra whih not oe n ofmy dnnicity has d th oumge or the dsn to dwll, ln yo wisdom you hv instilld in lh arts of uI tlvo sns lh Philsohy thal lo! mnst rrvil over htrd,For you mnumntleift to us l e ii of ximosiljl ]edge you l ntinu lo our missinof ultu] hs mony, d thelfoE' l ddicl this !vrk, be|ot the wor|d.to 'u oth

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e rlxtion lh lubj.grhylre $s no intrviswithor of govenm.ntoficil. orurlersily malril onrdfromlnt hlrian, t. wml lrurn eternll hrc Io| aadmii, E"lfu] lr nd al|. tllircourRgemnt' ov illir moll suPfl' t|reiI e]drn. s.paes \rhihfol notily tr Drcul foa|lhun1nity, tlreillov th otiltions mad teplc. low wiL]desIib' sienifit ad here lorv.Ieprsld ith lh deplo!' mtld Iespt. undy. b|!d Gorgd lza|ashj];my t blo!d Ll renls, ]1. flIt.lw f }a. ryl |,|jik u|t[' th lt DI, slihatln ii'likiina|, Dr. okhy umul AknL ., rgiilr i iklllj. ]s o e o vslld ofso|es. th Prte olo Ukrnri ltc s todo lrhith '!lrho,Mclolitnandlrg! onhd (in ulkish' sirrlani)uh]andDi, ^ta [ nr l pG.d lcs eah|thmlr nret wdfu mPas'odhun1q' ' xddi. $]|l infudd js bok, nr ms listcdove. As dre owclcr, ] frust wolId e Ilili0s' irr .ion]nllrtio thrsselion togntlm'n$h 's si ted e. in 3L]so.dn Pror roen't'o elodnc.and aainleyndm iiil to rhim wilh . prssios rei lv.and ]no|oun!g|3tilrdc Fr a. Dr' Al of lines withlruJralinnda hlnlot angrLn rimhadUed,P|e!ded.i lat his vj.. dmadd th ok e wlitte'Wnhulh frirndsllr' ve gUjdn. supon'th onrilntiD htila| of and Palienl w0]dol haYeenbrughl nd}a lrins.lhigaph I rain ijr our elem,l dl.deIftid'my m.Dlr,r

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o Amdan o|leedirj.iar dfin s lh wold autoioglalr s ..anaourof!onlif writtn hin'her,'' y lt oviousthl my ditinss rintd ala fim priol l ur ..piilicl ctrctnes'' r' lor najn] denidonshould in. the Ns w r ocll Ioeed, ookshel!sr filled it atialsfiainin cvcry fel l.nlmnn erlst' to f Dbllshed jvjl]7ti.Ieliain. sine. naturc.lristryj ands ! ear !]njs' p|eol uI ..dvd,, ivilizatin' m inIud tv v ooks aout Nm th sujt' e sul somcncswhorehs to rnoeralhy. wrjtlen okaoulii l,Itfi events. famons anj Fco]ej doveriesj ivetins. o*oks' infinilum] eahhasbshd and ad s wrinnaouty thlYondsidesith inelion ofth prinld word,s dosthe rvold ednothel bip?Prolynot.sc. irlly sinelh utor h]sIiftinre i hasnot, ost likcly si|1nvr and e ognized|Ianpreil hicvneal rsue$' NoR tatwe lrar nludd wilh ur humi|n'' mn dsri si dr lLis fany eolewho wou|d ha|]e thesuesnin e! lt lhn wnler s not ivdsuess d fam durine iifeiime,lt nrulde undtood lhtnilrhas nm ojctilein my iiI.]ong e|ons l ulkh.Armniaalry and rl.ti.ns As a r er.ai|ring su|t we lrave cn mnifstlyondned oe muit ad b h tji itresuggestiowasmdtom thtI shuldwilte a ook tokplin 1968ilhsignifia ofthl c,r Nillb desribd in 1lr hPtr' sine lhn.til| the .Est lim manole, ev thscnotoal| lnvol!di lh sujel maltr' hlv eted m l lhis ide,' nt tre] l orcntal.ut elsely truly ' lievedthal te was a needf onr $ory t c told,Alter ]ongand deelealconsidrtin. elineihat 1 igrph indedhad g aead. to c slry nlik ny lhr,I de]dod to Mosl assurcdl. tere wou]d nevrba sjmi]true pIine r'ill c dsried life as ut {ittn y woml

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l glr, le! a novi,lthr.das ifthcs Llern.l hallnging th inl1|t the oI fislla| ilrnueing l hadne! onsidered mtionsolnoDe }odlheagefsi, so, no' ot e' ftainly nollo 0na. .,bDl.gz?/Lr ..utrvhkiows lto the !lso|'our li.thyou?..I.ve gdNi]|' iftseticof n asked...tlrv oUday lo pele an thil ntionl rigi.our fnson h|ff lrrirand rothe

.nicI Deetjljt.l Now lt th ]inal slgeof nry ]i|,{]i\lIing rlh vtsnrth |il of to lrave gutehlmk anmt dsr]0 ha!e eth idi!id0a rr!|di 1|rwlitr As itel]'he!| Dr ]n ackns]dgmenls. eseia]| A1 rin. l h! oe 10reog. to oves f,ssage all o|es niz lhlours livingstIwh]h By an rasu. an ni bsNe o ounf and ndmN Tr d' *ide, withut alizatiothi \4nki!dis t th lh.esh.|df s]flhe fmine.po!0n. denrutin'alrcd. raism,o]itjll onlrof,llion. !ry drsnre, doesilot? poL]utnln' rimerd immomlit. souds lht th solurj.nsr the rls h ook dsnt n|gest pges. n dcs1I ut t .und in thse shih |u ar1 tlr are ded]a. oIon llrag Ari.sIife]ng lhe rerder fa.fuaLut l ]| troltlr toIlc|irinlin' thr rvot lour tin to the reducl]on. ond il thalighted,lntil, s asultol.lrhumlcffois .nd o]nP*'. n ||nal wc hav ploven lhat idodgoodcss dgr, sues lnlghle ailedwith a ol|eg aleand!ne, cv tans]orm. il mightkine x ak,andil ouIdnivlrl ]ins. ou sk. r thrvhat* hledon?Asou redt]res lmlIr to n lajs to haven.vrd nrstclius i! rInl utor le whjhas son ]lli? h answrs del|c. uattlilb] Jh.t onnntrtd h! sajdt!( I hve,.l suceeded ir1 eelous d uforsiv]e !gjn* m el whi|e at lh sxmfun ad w'll1 sir l. q!almas, lrsh! sidqUiltheotry' lh,l.ur tirelss oI whilrslruld mu1td aL]peples b tes'e!s a endv| l 1|] f|lInrg eafrh h rrdIoft ook $rjl h.nlil|lydide,
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lng in codmnati ommndtin, me, Unequivoa|ly, . Fr l'd hocitould llr txltcr ul lhn!o! eeted stimt, lhis es? n |ifeloag enfl' le f'enlwh, ulcd witlrthnion of ,.o. ] i ' , m | i o ' , J J N * , - n d i o , , t " , o ' | d , |' l o r l l 1 l o of l aestral thIlrd lw tc urkish and the Amei eplesW|l,lhatjLt fine;ulil.oL re otocilhIbakgund' $hy louldyol intlcsId nough reddr ook? t Fns y' }ou havid tepric this oknd iI wu]dbc a lvslt dlRt it whiL you lt ldincl Frord so.ndi,and far ]noreinroiantl, ifu rc loljg ,rnl' j]^u |osl are f' fi|]td Njth ny rcligio r dlaton|islitulin, ou ale on' if cmedaoutlh tistrilur o |olad *auhliy of th Uitd sttcs.aad ]ina|]y ou eliel tlrataodes musl Prvil i| jn o!rvil,lh th sloryNolth rding mif,hlL]cg l solk to maintnr intrsof lh radr' tIc seiaIl ilth readI ls oucid oth urkh andArfuian nrunis, th ffring ul of th tert rn1s e fa|aIl to infoanlivxnd urt. si] h jng to e pirilostrial| stimulxting' \vhetherl ed jn tis neavor,at th time rcnri.srrlin] hotvcr' tho aua} dr o| l|lowineagsnd the hneslyo|.1} rot]!t]n cpIing i th tobiogmPh tolall} iefull'e IdIwil| nnd no Psudo. ny]ns] fi}lhjal pIas vts. lh worki tr\i11 uthnl' no oI in nllnes, Iaces,datrs (ivhtr s]1).r evenls' fnr whj hs ..Frjnd volvdn Amrjn ol.(urks... d noN, th nlfuv'l iepli|c di|cnnn $hilr tlr wntrhslhd nsL oI tlr life.As thepages ercij] ri|1r!aL, iher hs en.for s]| oler cighty, mi|slalin ntrh,tmd ot. rvilhintemrei (oujdoItne RP]i.l.Urk)' o]nuni0r low.d th ulkh nlion nd hr pepl.I| lh tde has ven fr]almlm kaowldee lhe htory of lhseeopls. a crtinly f il lhatlh Amei vi ofth evDts whichhadtakn|a.ein olto murky duligtheIlea ofi[n f,iury, ,!beo.ad ovel ]rdo!I a3], t]rUnild slls .| Amria and i nraythel lD ntries. ^mn]nlotjle o|the jnosllrgi.iodof Urk. ihc .Ameajnhslry h5catd as,,Jl./i..//.. As a |su|I, x re]et|ess hih|}find|novcmnt fully ativeto lhis da rnd lemindunh]|ngcd, nDmrous nd no Anneiaut|rave r'n kson the subjt | lhil gid nrniled Uponle

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slaught of mnian poluLti ulkey. Durig fi mnumll Uponlh hlry nd honrf the ulklr pepl'whl !sth r. ommnlt'.l th].urkh'rnerian snse ulke andin iticlr. of thero wts |spnse, et].tiv no Dryinsll orhensin. t fanaionsollml liticl atin oft lh htorial eruPs l statcs. luntioic lhis dy'in thc tJniled n olen e da thrc aPerd individulo l an Ai|nnin hn to mother' rYoPu|iL d|ared strngoositin dr rnn'in dilmm: I follR lh Do ndthreou hav i\lia|e osniof,, peoPl. d l mai fan or and fjn orvn pular ospolsed Positio ad ]rcmfl t eivc vi to ful to m own fllndamntal Iiniles, fiun e.lsidrd iflhI toe n rtlnaL.1 ount|siatsrYhih hs lniasdrvirofthis]nosloncitjoussujdl h latter t,n riflto parets theirl1lo sns. aid he qn hasrltred \Yill anLl As thisutoiograhy dsrio o|shih lrc is theueer' idntililion m fa'ni|ymd lht f names xnd venls, morspeil1 a rder inemreaIol'th in livc.uld sstd1 ol.scl|.l s l akgroud ofnwh xseme e korvn "ul,kDostu..]n |||kis' o|:Frid oI|h 7]u', as o ol.rmnin y mdrel, whomI hlt identificd nrg M Ras.m in th city falikesi(otlmn)trLk flther anstr' was t o|hjld o|srin olthdolrts.m in Urtir(otlnra ra) U[ke,kmrv tda as $nlnf,h ounit ki.lvi c in andre si'}a,i/ r i k' hd(ndstill dc'' sPered lfur grous.ithin hgi.n |or nturis. did all tlrethaj. and rligius as l th otlotrln mirc,n oftan ,,i//.' sslmwxs instituted dii] pulati su !s] lk. Am. renlit rasgfiea ]ts the Jervh'nrdh, nian, us]imllk|r, srinofidl' mng and origins,l]our olh6. A land ofmultile fits'languages. ed]ni islrig i armn', lng forc tesefteedons mc to ttre.!. !?/d doesnotape al thendloursua]nre, qere bthl Armninirth, a|sborn n Nly if ats Us, when rk' r fat|rI, who did i Nlshusns. ottnr yeo|g.hdcn .r ]n din.andhI'nothr sltNs tle andDglissr s. denm in lirput, herhe rmnian
L. ) 'hr' s.. 1^' x ' e|0,,! A J' , '1

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Tabl ofotnts:
I G^N |N ooAN URY 01 a' lle ]jvs Ddens fry ates a b' te lnilo{rand rc]ortin |9l5 i]] , A hofific jouii onluds jv|,

ll

lN I]IDso wAR ND NUlst]. Lov soRY' .] 1916:

, c. M} pe meolfol 'h tir{ .]n A l.fugid' onomfligr i(d i ltt |.iage'n ilrDrl Alepo. r DDjo.ppnunity ii id l sxrrlion |athorcmie.oEs l]rU s, om*i. s

ll

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dttr' ^dwhls dtt lircdi ]i ! movL nerospmllion,rcuijo' hale s ssl n,o,'. o}I.,J I ]]rdworki[ga'.Ls om ]it']lu]ry Lie,.nd adjusmeE

^N ARIAN o FILLD wI ULUR AND Pg,]5 LANGUAGSoF URIY i a theoldr in ulkh.rndlo thUng* Amciirtr son
, liy i.ris ndmtnlsltu*h lnere${s dlrnt, Arensoftiliurkshsenl d, his ano.lelds to olivEs in NwYork trt

IlRs AssolAIN W|'{ L,Rs: As I]NGR,

fridsh]plilh urks h Ii ou.hom. , A migg,o ..,,)' J4,/. t t s nd ho 6l iddle an din N Yolk' lrfl.i sl' ALnsl,, d,.'n. |'! ld.trrkishti|).' olrccoiIirnn' e' he urkll if.n),i' uI horil pilome FlvNAVL DooRs ANDLl|R F]vlILIso oUR ltll^Tlvs , .We].omyhi]dren.nlnis}ourhomc,.

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RLRNING o. AGNIUD oF Y AFFIoN ossUPRM: _UlUJ 3,6?

J, J ne tremfl(fJ b' Il alivil]es End ] 7 yg in lh Anrdolu iU, , ub|ispehes, mcnng,demonsrlions.lhusandso1lte' t our tnd ti lo urkyi l933 lntinwii\ lh tnd Psidcnt,

RlF DsR]PoN oI PRoJs, INGS:

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wa} an u no oivar in Nhih lllc uth| ! thstl. to of ]nnts' oini.ns,des.riptjns a ]ifei oltofiaf,lrky s revealed th liftimeof nr c|o!d!rnG' wnh thc n]ein oul hof,e' dlnnc th. l fl tel nris book,]vhere influcDes r rents hd desIid Lrrmber as mnitstd ilslli|ruhom'arespoifil| hercwnh o egeIl thm'hil xtnal epens rsntd are tions. osaal intcrpretltins r rn lll wl to ellr arese o t pags or ofn1 prents. mighl d. utruthl.ul statmnls Iines !ry son,l wil] a! to n$vrl ivelhe Idelut da' m i my d fr anydlirl ptinln rdr makI prle o'l' de $aI to you, f kid,dr l so|eml l o! nolresoted to rad o| r lh rthl lcks sifikorvlcdgc ln likc mn], it Nill s stlcd l m o*'ljljf,g nmes. dts. .nd vls' ls. lm li dth pus|r th utoimlr nol lhe linl phs comiltion f r finanialeai, h autlrlj slf ggmndizent llo! and c!ntsad eeienes nri!s to Plrsiz hilsoDh lnd ntgfr morc desiJl onstlivdrahatd and o)a$ion t|rulon ol yngminds'fol r Gd' fi is In lga't Aet ull. all Nlnkind, onl lo e urkishndmrcniapo|5. lh \lsd'n l tlre th lhercfolc r humleejft tinue |ol and as nd prels a dgrrcdtheicpeltins' lmy ]vd to i .mrehend destln .ff m yond socto full nr' erlajn] in a 5t uniq0F'?,Z/ o/d. Il, i!

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n.y ga. i oltomanurk,manea btr mostuni.]D thbn |lhe udrr. iow drn.it may asked, !|d !n luiog .aI] begiforth a hr rvsbom] As tadr $i|L dcover. th aulllnti dosiitin d1]if of ..a!mge.. of Arc. 's n|ldwiIt fiay ]nepli|e evnlswhihadundd | FooFles diEnl b!kgrouds' wll s dre ud]orhimslt It is lh vnts as whih look ]ain unnut*hih msl Amerias had |nd kowlde duligthonmnpriod, r'hih aremoslPertient thls to fclx|$ory s n rjngstoglher yougnrannd yonng womn wh hld lery ]irt|e rmn. s|trcd 1l uheva| u i ut t]r and m! suffIin8 ausdy Wond War onfllgra|on]vhihhad de. sn!cd thirwy l.lili jn $en homIBd, fal s knowldg rc. s or ognitin nfrd,lf|nra jn fl|ow.AmIi.s is of wuldhv dLtll.ult lolti]1g stahall of tlrLrnitrd in siis. ntiono|l jniIlion rst svent on l wrldfia ol. Arniln Ils lmiLyofsi hildrcn Flhrce nshji i $s oflras tnl child otsnryni(s'rian orrhodo) n ts' i|rthe ll town | Urth]urke' li Dlme lrd iri (Plun.d Jnei) (lodaylnolv as s!li N1onolr' asji. andmUholh |i| in Urla la).rmins laknos'n lo lh \nlerdue to thefatm iDtr$1nor f.m]|hislrhadotdcleleddulnrgtlr|ilelimcof m}" ]o!d|a tr,] d know my lmlerndlthr eenrjpld s!l ad allril. whichi lc$r dgre eessed to m, My alF has o nl] grndm.lher delotd hr |if Iisfol r nrvlidhusdi hd ande!h ol.!1efu sd had lheir snwu]d cmo dtr' l ugh h youthwas une!tful, ftheramduatd m and hd bn fluti|rrai,rDh. Annlrin. oltonan Drkish. d ngl.tl skandr|otc thscl3ngDges'nd lateou]dhavit. h ]ineuis. as li |isrts to mstenefii] him tNrdlh on we to lusio lh Filst Wor|dwar, of
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lo Dunnc my fmativ eil ltcf,]ng l|rc slorisof y ' r.m mt fat|rr ]!edprts.l donot rcall siglermr etBi lh'd nni aong tnufrcrols ing to an soia| ]nil or relicions ntities lilnrgihamony in tNn adtheeighorineii. Urke.Dearl srjnrdcr ui in drasco| is osouthaslm liksn' srs n lh wnemrcgj ny ter'}here hririhple, Rre drastictl|y dif Aencast. ditions of th ount' narlh lrmtnd!ntuauy mostlolati|e'^s n htd ceni|rU|a.andin othr etidtritswhr o th mn.alikesir ad nDmus rgions ivouldIsjdei fr! GIek,Afrnian, lrkh andtommuanis njod tualm adpoe'I! 1ldlritseahom]nnn p lenlxrs,lher tade crtweNhip' manyNilfrm|xnds, adusjnss thtrshoo, (Iiitdto dvlnent lhll Lime). of rsPliv Iss $]thutln. in nd urhs, ivilmtie, weE all ndtd fredor h An lh cntl ottomangvemmenl' cnntl ommer ierfel gro!s t.ethr.whel ial aIl liksiI wo01drine all thni hoss r lh lradwuld tk |ae' lths lv|d viled ad o.].c |ood Urlish otcand de|]ious $ou|d b filled Nith lh Iomaof jn lh snndrdsof o ommuilis lhc mdcm ee.s rve|to and woD]d nnd lif i alites muadan void ofp|entres, ho dsircd nd l nrrd fal wsrfron alailaL yo gios lwns(h) whihe to !it otrnis'My mihrvou|df,enrjn Yalova'ndthemljoI cilisof itisnow' sulras:Maaa.kirds, vhele lafril! nmb's uscd s Izmil.ursa'ad Istan!|. dsinatios h,rm.' |nong indigenous th lr cltulis ol mutua] . eteld an.f,i lhc in|udine hrjslianaduslifuommitis, ls, nonspriod bward l lt l800s,Plitilstn ndommuna]sus| otherhoodWh did cionsganto dslo a nl.ril nd ultu.a| l Nlr desclis fu]ail x'hataginst wh'n,andwe'dnends of ooito of oftlrsential hrtI dreoIjstn. mserets d,rk londs of hatld nd rvlLtion pledd th man sit. a nd ofa onl0lsioofs n!1io' lh rr!Ilrelatis wrld war retd lorians to lh da cal.|nityl imeasunl ronions. hu, of dit fin intrrclalion elenls which lok lin ollmn tlr Urkcfore durjf,g erido|th Ftrn Wond wI, ad

ui h Told ldwrd ,.ji

h positio ofthe UlhrptainiigLotlroi]iclbtt'n lhr ukishandAmcnin Feles fotloa Turkehs ndcsribd to nreetent thall mmlnenrhatial| ppscd the Amenlr al| to glionthatthe otom ]ade d d oui r organized se,o.,d unte mians ofurkcy' $aaing in |915,Win\ ta' sa'u.!lL rr]nsl added1Aeli dll dat say Radrer thntcrherthe pPlives. us relieN reian surcs] ulkish 1r eitlinl n brthl wou]d fau]t fol snh fairgsllle' then(nnla) not me wn Uled sltmen, learntnatin |885theAnnak * Plili al Paflys st|lrd oltomnurkeyNitlr thintnlofalsing in i!]l uIest rvn io gainsl otto]nan nd the utorit theoln ] try \ rr fr si enluries urks' Arnias, andtherminnlies hd qllh avwedpsnionof rut|rorr urknh s itetain| n thnot prst th rvork,theositin thurkh Goven in f mntnd its htrirnsasedupon its ow. rsrh iG ow re i o do so $ou|d surelyi.vil lhc wml lthe nd.u*isheI. ets dnoucin8 otenncs netly ro.u*h proganda' mt s ut wht wlld lhy s l fiy pstingr th itrcfutale .fi melsof ,4/'7.,i.surces? l theongonrg detc. atth writ]ngsPaig thfur morc llrr ,,nd,,l d'.. l' 0'i| llLnn,o',"i 'rJ",,,-1 n,i.| sar ofhtoliclxcrstudy'ifyou t'il|,lh menln PF.. ti! andthryol will dovethlluth. I|the Aneria mdjnd nrostol its FoLjtial lades ct lhc Aeni!Isioof ils htoryja onnn Urk,thnthI tlran astis Nlitr. h stould b ap|a.ed vealine hcrewht this fol pjtsntd b,Amenjn wr]letheslvs, Desnotth Postuon lock ofbjas il1jlht .!i]Llin' Pa||'dis?1'"L1o1I Ll us oseNe,rin' lh Amef,knPafly stitlyromn ''?'e",4, wljtls viwinl'la 196]' a bok as pulhd. /i/e Th lia R\Dhlion]! |||a'e,e'l' authod Ms, Lon NI. djm,ln her 220 pageok' n pa90, w nnd te ol]owing ln .h Arnraka!Paay was lhe t.odution: fit Amrenispoliti| ativils ws .. nr the l9." efurto oncge]n rvo]ulionr

t7

. th }hdbsft|d

r trd!d lji

o urkn).in |885 lh s]dets b at oanizd Van(nolto]naa

\ 4 l , . , . \P ' | j |, , . . Tlr ffcnir.th crcai.ofdis"ner. ws orin Islanbll(on. to lftresling, then)'jn !343,h llhel welllhy kr, stnlinl , ' , r , , | o , . ' . | | , , J . l ' , ' , o t . d c J | n rA , n , ..,,,o of ad subjugllion tlreAlrias urks, s. hI\' hav . so' aital ottfulnrky ol the I \'h! 1nin bkk|'| (!1n) sill e desried fur|hr his ont|ditj. Arncni fmud th i a]s latIhtcr flie In Nlndin.s ok'on g97. re prsets: P],gr.,] sct]os, ]l. d.silbes ol |h. rfukdPu !' andwithiils svon Pln ..'. inu]alin8 the nr its el/,oas'i P"a. as oLlvs: Pe.pl t d tnjnielhmin the us I.ns nrililaryd. siritof slf.dfnse. Rith arn !d Dron, org,nizigueill 0d thenr ip|]' sup|ing h earn|e ofrmnianloallis c,npLind etnthr RlolutinalrPan knoNaasihe lluhkian etit 0nhakianRelolulinxryPrt *gs lmd scve c Russi Ameninsdil was lh l( sialt pslt} i lehmlad' hesyoungarls wrc |ronrweall.urgofamilisin R0si ln thi| ..l a live.,s.ns nl st!|]shine so ad fi.nial|suDond olAmnian llasn ]887.in Gnvl. swilzelld'lhis thcrcrpl tiliry in olmnrk, rYo|utinry for tulpos la|rcrin8 o ,. N|ndia page ||0 ffes th Bd,jn a' l|rc |lowig: , on i|r organizti uk h tlnchaks sa at thnre so]al nrenia(1).olld c changed !j]neginsllh trLkhGo!m th nrcnt,and desrid folin'jngmtods:P.agnd,Agittio' and workr Atilitis'' Undr tlre d rr. organiziion, Pasat wasl sed ve tind thisintrcslnre enlr:..','1'lI hcdngelo. ln ofplotednc |hold jlng theirnfide as merhd te unhk |mm,hc Pndy imd t terizinglr oltnra tnrt re. lhe towardl\rin prshge o!mmt'th0sonlliUting Te dlnlgratiD. govmmnt ei]nndwolkic lNrrd its oln|ete lactis,h uhks nsell was nolto r re onl fnsl1or]n ad oflh Armenis u h to t]re watd anDii|ale nstdaneIous rs Ir thc gvmment' *Ll s t nrdilidua sho wr lh wrking dnro all sics nd infm, o a$]sl thm i|r can}ingul ll of

L8

 rtlh lic0|d

b dvrrd lshii

thse ieoasl ts.th fiywnsto rgaiz exlusi a Ian. s. iia|1dvotd perlirmric ofteoism, ,,.. l ats yutoiogph hasnoten dnctcd, tju$ |c|ln wouldbe use|ul desIi Ijefl. hlt t lh eginning o|my book'thvets tlknrlae oltomanurk PRIoR lothe Elgi e!ntsfth First el.ore lu to liksn. |tme introdue most inla w the nrousof t mnia rv|utinry rgnizlionsl enia lhis in rial baDdof miscrents i|od: Da!,,dt,/,i,i i ,kislr: Dasn.k.g,,; nd enrknoln i g|ish: The annianRvolu. tionryFdemlion ses thwds.Amian.and .Rc!lutinary' ll I hlv mtiodtI. utillrr foDit eup in thjsfi| |\o|',|i,.,.d't) 2 | | \ jR I , E . o . ] , | I 8 o l p n nreshadow thelhrmria..hat of mIlrts.'' whoshilosoh |lontjnus dr d to A rirf nrtrdiion th Dshnak(ot o| gru sIlnrg) jf wuldao usfult lh reder' ilis l udlad Jcnin th n arito leci RLsix,in i yai ls9' c Dshnk mlded a nrelgr lo of!rius ^meninp]ilialgroups' andl fl|owine taknlrom thn ntd is pahl|.., ,tnnian Rvo. tliory edera!n (AR)' k.own as Danraksoutioun a.othr (cs, sl|1ng)' rjdonthisstrugg]ewilh]|!aiIa1mns] Politi.1' lnjn'Proaganda' at times. d, ined slruggl',''. hetntfth'fanti.mja oltom,n urkeywastmatd hele in lhe t]nitdstts, descbed the followintwo |npls as .l lfasm: i |9:]dulinhli*nsMassnrnArmninhurchin Nelv YoIk ii, tAanninishurjns knifdl dath b proble.Duling lh l970s Dashnak els eus lsmc ilenal Ddthc l930s,theirA's A L.A groupudrd nansityu rkish of di|omats innoenl nd meian ili|ins in thn mign temr of gainnUrkhfia andulkh scilandUsinss ni A|orei trrIm th Uniiedsltsraed its ugl hadfr in 1|r fit t]min lh it ol.satsal. a|ifoni. in l97. wlrn l].a.old mn'nacd Ymikym. nulderdlh u|kh onsuln.

e rul illl ''ld ' nrd

ahji

alt f lrat llrurks had Ior twodcdes \old beam lhe njly yls,xmllhat ! .| Amnian iell gainst knlvl ulks rvou|d onlinu'nd ot nl dung lh ottmnped.but thruchout wold'venalms JiJ|' ],ea aflrth endothc st the mediafor t|]e nNt li]nervrcfi|ld World wL Amerian uroean ad ,,Ameainca r.., tet1usd th hadlnres thb. lol wil rus atlcks.Nlcr for d dr ditorjls nrycd a an.I in Armnianposition, s ir dnaPnd ottoa 0rky. Aread nin nticm ventua|] dslroy.dilslt tn th ed, almon ll l iliznswho ser urdetdin ndno.urkish t|rose rnnocnlurklr Amreiln trcmls.,/e,ol y, numusunties.y maniaa| i |1orn dtinq the .]1|1i.1 lt fukq' put Amenin lrt|nl.hats sidthn oms lenlully tc aoDsadonnneda w nakaclistlh lrk. lnd 0lomti 'h j jsh o|e r ditlt a t shoo| .lsioom, dalor al {hih oliues lk da will dussdlltr in t ki how lo tho c!r 1lUs N rfumto a]ikesirrd th !tsIound l9l5 pc. riod,theyxrAanians lajmds thegimilrgolthe..genoide''' dNu|d on nrm osions Dlring hr uth.m motherl7ae1 wih I a! f sIiet e hr memories tlreoli!al orgrniztins ,,I thir mctigslhre wo|d]waysbe rifl i|rtrdud abv, flonltions nU sil]ineof Iod i our lWn ad hsiL alikesii'.wo!]dc oeof herslalntnts' lh and l wouldsk ..wrelh fi6 vcn Arrlas lh ,'No!.. soU]dc n mplrli: tIlespnse .,hn ]'o did th ti!t. twee wh l vou|d equire' ..ll ne Armiolitial she.d rsond' ws alNas arne gru''' rmnrr hcn r,dontinuo,..l crouasantanother ih Dshnakould atlaklc 8nhaks. verelis our home;th in thc unhks{ould alu dr Ramga!r. mululh e and t]ghtin ol thshad nthe statomenls my !hr,and Yes inded' lio|enl uf,nstc|l there was mI, uch nrE:..hisontiua|ad id ko*'n to thc ntritis, o (Amen) cfiurchledes wcrc

2t)

nruNlD*e roldby ldtr,d].r\lji

wnrcd'nfunsl tminaterh desLutile ehaviol. |t wuld s rc$]tf hmlul re!tio l(Nad thcetilcAnnnim mmunit',, e waigso|the oitonrn autnorit'rmained Unnedd'.nd lYjth resu|t nniolitia|gus |.'J lea egaged lh that hd jn v]ulionary ctiitis gain! t oltrastatc'tlrlislrtol all mre.ins thughulte coutwas rUshtto ih thrsoId f o onround Lmit} th lthe disinlgra! ote ottoman nrile.shtred Fii wrld war lYiti gloalnflit, tc he Rusixs. tn lnh, nd th rehwr oI tlranegrlo seurc ^rmnia mi]itr' supoai lhir s'ar against onmn Drky.aad Lhe!xideJ thc Amis i tlreilelli8ainst landwhihhd lh fien Annejn u|furc. rc|igion. and ]nc!getor ver ' rcsoffed h otlmn ra was slsl ad ainul| ominc to a ls af,d] sherdespertio' go!l]t cosl roloat Arfie the the iBoulti lh I]aslm to rgions |ns nn ii a fia]lnerpt to mlttlnts o.tl nd s.!rrgt| ns hoelnd A|l Amenins $er tored la! liksiadlIareas. hamr rotlrl to as nd hodcrc rc]aed hated adinllem]e humn suftnr"' lh .ounl|es numeol oks*rirtcn hLorinsj p]iriins] rconis. writes] lnstive and ofthenositioD ocrcd with tl and lhc riodto *'ih lh ok rce.lhe erat1 dscil. o]s tins|h!frn sufferig' derivatio ssals. d ha! . 9 si!l exhiiled wilh |1jvrcnhing ddjl, sulr nlivNi|l aot |!nd jn lhspagsveough mot.ssorjes did indedi|ude sufferig endud as lh s gn| oi aboulsveleen f a8,I wi|| howvcr' re]le ne olhei ea lIilmoents. aner1lr lo|lowing sNlion] Dlnnc thperidof cn|niry andwarf|eN'en Amnians anJ u.ks vhih o on will dg]haPnd. bn'l klll gs took la.retated chsid h|o|s b|hs1ds prish.|b\,111 11|ll!, ]nthI th s|sflivr or timi]' o|n, shha! rs lglaL resato rev,l to me wht r rmenrred. Whl sh |lad sen, h intnt olh]sok nott desri tntothc suleF thc ilrgIepl thlyo mu*lok ervhere' 11wasasar,wht

2t

lbo|d 'dw*d 1*hji

tht t. dured holilperidin hislry' e eds e sid?vere I ln spil of the sufferincoth Ameian pe.l,l am Dvnrd , .genoide Lok xt th a of w^s No as thesu|ro|nrgnizd jumeegn r ln !rke, tcndtod!' nolhls njghtmarh t.wn kiown as i|' jn soulhast. i towol.ljksnandded th emu!ke;rn|whinwasnradnfol dv]p|neDt wi]l a ulted h nethapter Prcsi ttal| I J | F | | ' | , | o * i j , c vo . . , . o . r e o f | D ' ' ] m ' I ' i , Dnc nany |nsonlealionssith m lo!dmolorul l I exerins,had onensked...Mnr' los oul eniif!jl, .u do elseejga timil mr' thikarful|' o rcmcrbel Plse rvDa strge' killdb rkh eo?' I Esof to wa jDn t aln Eodrngit hl:..l don1 the r m'ner latio th date'but ne day l sinrsseda n n mn drgrud,, h.altakadeense|es ,.Monr... psed n. ..lcs boDt P the i,/,t aelu|ly I ws did n lh hrse: n soLd]r, h wera nifol?.. ,,No'n tvsnota soldieI,,, ,,Do jn soken lrkh or Ami?.. u rmcmrNolts ' g r . , | * d \ i | \ o , | | | ' b ' i r . . n i ' h o | l ' . . , l.!ld ntrcg' ut ltherrkr Amrenij it lvsa laguagthal ..ouldit haveeenKu|dh?.. ..it n! ffer a lng Dause, othI le]icd, o0ld ha! b ..Irvh ad nvrsr drs hn, s la slow|fil]edhr eycs. lh nge endolselfc.ofwar ua]|ththdre bul i o|5. nainlws ni dIeased' it dosrvral dul maay wh lrad Armnians ks losl thn li!s to dr urdishricnds. nd a|leiane to,,]l s.|sr,l.'/' s omelsolne t|n' eenrvithoul rvhihshculd g'm nth.s dstiny ruglrt hrcirllnstlcs t nt hale foresenor dramedt

21.

U! h dd } td}9rdrsnii

qlft'ai.r$of qI andBuisft'
.1916.

1' slort'

qt hld taksi agonizingnlhs m mothelaiv in lh lown for ofil. !d thoueh un fth lcnts in i|is. xl unknorv rh l aulhLwhalis known lhl fi rthI, r|e witno fam. s ad 1|. eone acquainted h! *'nh a Amenin farilNo hd inlned his totallyueld de!lment oculEd |e9 dasaft hIm!l in Ki]' hAnin hurehlstd t|re r|oaldAme. york, |t aea c tht niansin tainig ]eitcr. rsettlemt' and to ze|\ ods ad benredetnind Gd, a(sethofist o| y mly |nldcnes lewhil swrs enrgGkea l. teme. took inhurh by a stanscr in h^dvn ig, lt was ther tatan \ t r . ' J l d |' i | v ( J n ^ | ' J 1 o t r r . | e , , ' ^ | | " , , i . l " " ing horlss. *'it fami]y, .deftlinlin dsonlnd oune, |urllmcnt. .l dein sh ould rkeeam te qDnev! Us y mothcratd aenilient dlis gstur oo|e y oinw thnj ndrljeious kgm0nd' thfaily sn andduglLlD. ad ing |t sDc as m rlhel, naid lrilt acrlher s tho oeof thirowa \o ites of mjorsigninanc i|udd llre alr in
a|d n) n i|.,

h hummillian cnureoflhis fil had n ullol mv whihbejne elidnt lclv footlrs aftrlhrjiedeI nw.lm. il}..he fami]y sn was of[ine g' and m moth.s wft ndboaut' aea|cd le tircfmil.hnthcnhoe t Polil i h tm y m o t h r r , , o u d m J l h c ] r s z |ar ]norctolil]y signifiat asct, lh lr thatto lh U.L n Amenlns ontinue ausetl]c Drks of o]nittin8 einous ih i]neof.gnide''dl,,is th hst]lities aroud yff o| I9l5, i the nrct}n |Kil, an Anrnin ]fri]L |^'ia was i|1l||io| hol! hrfre n w nt $ne thelewcrc otherAm'll lo siiaifanrilisa resjding il? As m otherhd 1i!dlhro in tirroulthre is e.th,gnide' rvneroundlssl

. x | . r n . ' i ' . f r . | A , n t ' 1 | |i l

2l

h.ulh on b ld d}!rdrJ'jl

(l |amil dughic nvea ns nd noes]|L !lvnld),n a gardcn. djaent a wajk\yzLadeen to ben.h in lhn fnril,s i flom hr rodrI lely dt$d alsesh adri!d lttr lv 1ns tiom B1jksiI, |ollosjf,grill eplajn h as,snil hr hn|rs keplr. hd kncrn$eI lalmy mi|rrl]e rmnin to its m6, nd then lati0d shts wuld e mde oids of in kn$ t lhe hIchcs the Losns flom rvlridr d nscpa' had ]arnnrg ofnr oth.s lotin, writlnt hI. rted unl. |n .d llIdtrcslls d!to thcftdratsheuldnotradArr'aa vriltcn, rvhih |tter bn tn d |l-kish ob'' .nd lhtJr sh h |k1ib,',s o|sl i11 |lh lneuag ou\dna1l1h vIiponnl ?.a.rl (h sujt in hatel,) Nill djsussd ltr Asthtsooung gir wrcnesedlvnh my i u5! apcatd lw youn8ot fm thena!walkNy.drIe lie di|cmm, th ut tom off6 wa|kingrkl, thcns1ow0as dryaPr.rhcd ut wlt anged no w|dswele soknas t Ugladies smils wnldnthvee n nroat r fdr omen rmlins vivid in y mthels dsrilin Th s]i dscnbd gas |o b.h1. lf |o|her' l ou|dnot hto l|ly dcsIir inFrsiDs of er fi6t .,g|,n,r) o' ||-r,|e llov Igril ,Jd,q',,l: ",l|, o|.l]cr' on tlre nd he,osen oe,.wastllrdranhfeIl1r l,lpdl fae.he worc a nroslslrik]f,e hedof h youlhful.hndsom It as i drc nu ol a/.; (thladgaro onomn Irs)' b0l mdfrm lam.s!r' \ithlustouslose]' l|dwoo] is e unjfom hd a hih ollr,ulf,ed lose t h nek. wit gld. olred ta$] resline on h shuldr'A gld sash ss ncl|y .ae]vs!!hd. $racdoloundh im at. to Nlh meta| $lord. aid h |elt side' kikrs and hld a |onseDased tusc6 wrc finedinto]nc.sinootsAs my mthdwou|d nued I desib hnn 10me. nI su|d gltcn yjth t|ren1]noris h gn gigldat ahlhr, ran. lir siehtoth rinlyug Nhilr ol oung gi s an mke'h, and rvhltd te ojnnts ths the wh werelhy?ould lhc gi|s hct nrke aqjf,lce

24

u* old d}d {sl'ji

w kow f lh sulls Uthw it an abut'are uD*n, oe of tlrtwofiis Ns tfusNks(Nkk!sh). t othel,as ad mnlond, \sm I.alhel elr thjn d of was. hr]stixn siiryni!fu *ou|d apea on| l'lo|l}avood that ould relsu ! sipt, t ut aative notthertion ola s.ilrilel.et it edjuslas}o hc e!l itustans.mjn unkn*n. lhal glrious da s'henthealtifulrtng ndtheollmoffierwrc girl dld a]! i]rt]odned lhrughlmily nd lriends'anlj on d. in th 9!r gF d,on sunnyattmoof, on fie scjneeDch. Utiful ad th sllt h de.1uie younggir|vas scid!l t Lh hlndsfrcfli cr'.]sc,ut ot to los.ndshsIow|y rmolcd telellr irorils wlink]cdcnv|o hr hndsrmb]ed !tii3ti \hatr s i of rotr hd writlento her h olfrIrcad dr AnnninmsFn donlud,andtanslatd a|r snlDc (onmn) inl urkh, o viously,ils ntnt c!l c |ilnlly ralcd hele'ry lnremol of m mothcr's rco1]tjns fo|]$5: rcssions.l.lve lgie h sistr, ld fol Z|] whs h trherwell bigjh,?',,na to thnnonrinli!sn (lhcsigniIi aeof the RURN o I]EIR o wil|be du*u ]. L!.i haplr)i skin dnil0l mlhr oIe (l)i nd lhen th m* disfuring nRs:l' m u|cMins,was Iarnle lmv|to l theily |]znrn (wh the rccks ndurks wereng.gd sevre !ti|e)'with dr iteltiooljininlt\c fu|k |fr k] ligh1 goisl tt culd c lgucdthal shal ee oukl he do, aftI*hat lh rks haddoa?Ys' it ]jeta|c' slrtrld !l.nsidr it.not trt w e!n iese| the nrousndsf Gman.^melins lnd ita|ia Amelis Nho wor militarnitls $!gcd ar ulhe u. lnd lris of tncn aneslral hmlmds' ././a]s tlreUitdstls? ,, o| joing lh enen camp,Nas .nrincnt thc Armnian nd.s l Re!]ulionry oslueht u/,.n, he1nd] jr sp]tof hr hrdnl]Ps. lnolherss ti|ld $nh ange.t ]ny ]Yht saw as hr roth.sbtra], slre rjedt]re|etl ito p]es as th.ughn mighterase lhat she!d just lrard,

l5

D* Told y d!!rd hji

ibr Nq' wh,t1No ndfra sIilrt. evcnd0ring NI.thd. s]refol hapnrcsand alttion n ilrhel n t quaht|hmn cls. t; esill for |nly' so ,!ne o|c, ut Frm th oint o. uh uf,knwn, dre oung uP|e lh otnrotad lYsL!ledlo hI|]I. i lov.ad fll msiofro h onndinglicr to marythegid ndtlnghel t h rsid, .lail,,. ss d!stedlhow uld she d s0h Iir llrat slr lh]ng?]Dr Re.ler. efo u tlnk grainie dmanded renon.nsidr th: Dulin drpe.d jf, Nhih shlradI. mar lhrhad ena ti wl ntilefmi|yhd sidedin then hon1' ad ensnuk ! sc.us l|lnessrcusuknow), tr m'hl, to lhe estf hera]|nies' lir]ld.votdhelf! tkr.l lhm hld uniil lhc vtt stoledthealth' s liom th olsct of he sny. she ad lbord a l ddnnJn, widri hr aFairy slsl.css d asisted her ,lmj|.fincially. lbr las' lovc fol t anril (rhekind llvc Nhilr eeded a so amde) dnotealto b]$m1nhrhfr nru.ul| sation ufted nd the oung oule rvfo mtid (tich |i and 1|e. uknow), andbcgn s lrusand *'ife ut Ul yl |atertheNr *s on]ngto a co!lusio' lhc maior nies l urlrey wre undI foreign fi]|ilry cnnll lr it o e.mca iry ^lep, $hi! lradbcn0ndroti dmitmln' drcfnigns rvere now sok alngwnh wlrIng|ish and Frnh lancuaesof ulkish, bi. ann Aian, Politjl af,d militfl l who hadcn o.dilinsin lc ounllrqund !y otjntrprctc i do6nddou'nnts, modoftselaagMes translatig d ss traasfned th a,jorjty I.A1o. life to Nf i.alhr jndeediey tnlnd l.or lc Ugculeeafie very cmforta|e Nntjnefor vr} litl|e'Nevfthls,the nonrann tIrmiolves sultanates rvI,ul drextenefth fod on| isric nol onnnget as w|L0s inrsrng an fueatend Nfo]d: reign PoN trkqm.v. lh lun oltnn oifi llm Nhilre8an You.g Igadhi ustfl K]nal'sho of nit). drivn t ispiationl had 01vion lstlhi|rg ne sculr nrtin, iomparab]e r.m 3n cicnl, th aorp|]shmnl, i ftiting kish homeland ]1l dmrati Ru|], fuuhtl hlm the nldolcnt. nroal s ofth Urks e rognizd e ot rh lmc oI.Allk: l.tI

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tlolld.s gratesl ntjnUiLde ofth Past mi|lnnfum sentioof lrurc(or r|i8in), lrm stat] rcgnitjn ol.wfren,s ngls,hang iag the^risritinlotheLat a|!l' initiat]ngte wster sty]e ol. dress'duation ve, |oI westem |assial s, demmlic eltios, i! malktsstm. so muhnor. roughtlh a nd Rp0' iic fu|t intoteae, he as llhnet thnew'da' nd | natin. m fist eIeled ils Presidenl
q !s i. tll ktum to |ppo'

h wids ofuneninry|cN thlon8hut |aad, un! lhr As les eolofma ctrltules |aneuxgs .no fm, e nd hrd lh iesofthc dingmircgnt seek rshsln in thler l']d ath.s omand svemll8uags l|lowed my arn. aessto vfua|c infoanlio.Utid{rcdjmmigrtln lh l. Uildsttgs fAmn' md d]ey'lo, amed a |]fe Ior fpeaeand ut oporluil' isufljit fudssnred nraktlreil dlamnal. to lia|e' one a8in, if Divi|rwill, dslnr as ron8ht ltllUn. expeted tum f !n shi mda of lhm $rcmcly hPy, whil al l samciim rushd wilh sfow Gofio nanes nd seili details Dnkn.n)'ut lhe oonunit r vls as fol]s:} lalhr, eauseol' ipoftntwolk. flindedn .nnian entlan nred Nadikian, ith rothr wh hd immigratcd lh Unitcd l siics cforclh wrad egua' h rothr theUnild sl s ls ln agff to t]d yolng ldt (mtnian) li! tk'*ilh lhe iEnlion offiafyjng er (il *'a5roralie the); tlrelin urk th jneeloungmniaDNomnwheredlthps]. d ideed d th thI ojltd l xy m fillls sag (y sh])l l Unitedsttsil'e rvuldanlny lh ug ]adto Amea t) ide pnses w id the rolhe' y athe t lh Unitdstatesas now ssuren0l,.,wo01dh leale ssag his*]fclonycr.lno? h hrnlg ukNn: is hlY!r'dsitte ain suh sanlionws sureto us. modrel m 8cd nrfathrto ai dr rroPortunity thc ottin lhc aarfutur voldjin er wnh se h0snd lh New Wr|d in

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cPdit thir dfluls' lilhcr' nw tht h nilnar m te.ane ot.Naidikin. sei hdndd.taind pspol1udI the t Lad l loow !s Frid is dr thnd .rorhel,nd escrr now oly ne o1tlre Th il of ventsI.v atdUnti| mi|lions ot.thoswhsc li!s}l t nr BP.t rvrldwar,LlLwts y mn\l hadto lavn Nife d esfln ldt t younc'eduled AnIi i oft]elfr hert nany l mnwhmshc hdl jnti]r ho!j ad 1l lh lrMr sn Joy. soow, antiipction, uerlainlj enlionsmmPaeed tlreninds adhearts in om} l.utur ar!, spa. rat rvsmstinful. d]cillrfu]mIces ald reinddlhmon hofiti an.cltsNr agaio|th in ausej.th |oreign rescnc t|rc|ad,Fehlssits wt tind e it ol enur (a.itall rcsnldaLaon). nr and my llh.s !soll. wittn ostl in Frenh' shlvs]N n: P!os l GoIs NoldiianiDpnurcdl]steer 1.,''1920: idtn ior Iip ojoin h lhe ro' New Yik' ^ddilinl i

dt r lts in tlrelln ofry'N York' whrm alhI hoelrmnlr ,ridc.ml fr thnt tin hIluluE husn' uko*n'$hat wc d knoN tlral th ou|eindedmmrd |n n mntan r,nrcni hurch jn l' shere therehd e sizal vraltr'(snlly,thal th mmnnil,, aftNaldslivedhapi] nd bn nlusifor lat stol..t il]) My mthLnpo my falhisjoume} t Amrjl sltth rsidene in would bride.hadbcm a|onc ai. s sured fo Amenin Nomn,anddulinghel slay n Ipaa sho| ouf,g whihs l eon mg. lnmed sckt|lnianlgag, lo *hn the} I reutedneyet |xtr, ifinlsurfor my fathI (W sh ou|dnlsPa!^menin and spokonl ulkh. sill dNsd i|ra lalerhapter') twcnmy aI lltherc lrad ennurousorles.ndncs ln 'n cts nl knNn'nl s ilwill e dsned lh xt htI. to onu]ate h iide h fat]r dur]ng yxr sepalti. did' Ih to dilficllt |ifein thnw wond,adthl he qas dclrnrd m|sethe to t Llnitd stats mnet whichwon|dp for ry ]not]]els sg

28

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0t drcam wN vntlly fuln|td' o ar |tr.my mothl' nd lzae|Nordi*on hIFfth pa$ot'showsdefiture:,une .l.. l92Il Pus of hel trip: Ejoin he husnd Nerv Yo. i ir ngialssons still in elen'd l l lim' tre tlres dounents inlud in y unique 9E ehibition' wlrichin ]998 was a'ye, l lh Ntial Limy in nta' uk (lhis Nill desrid in ltt hpto,

29

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lil' whtlreuldhve Unmjlirthim.fad traurlri ]]rr bond h1mrvth raj| ad of anLiind cmmd el Prslod lo latac.venhe|ess ro!rir..8 ./go /./sr n\yllcr the L wolld not e anlsct l ld. s nlcG oundt' medjllduat]n uth l.]iningcrnot a!]|alr]el ].athr ]n ndfunlrI Io|es5io]l rsidjg town{ro,New Yk) in uIons Ireians did elrind and An.nc nis fii ndswIaj. a |c1Ljv, lrtrut, pit 're ait o.mxjI si8nifie, rt Pa!d thc wa lor At this l. t anthI Unpted oonun]o hr adbtwo Amcn'an thirn.ritsrated in ro, ho hdeen ilterri5. are lh lil lhlthir slsfcd cholhr n oosnsideslh (Again'nf,sadspeifis ukDorvnn tlrc Ie s|l stlt' ) , ] 1 ' | . ' , | o $ | J ' d 4 | ' , , i1 . ' ' t r i , . ,,di,,i\o ] o ) his 10lh tnlllmtm fd]clhadbeed!d t i flqut slr h nd lo ause ,s unfrid| onoious boot,ut nr fatlrc.jg lhe god,dvj. nd n da entId sa]h. |dth aAnLl mai |lhc,.nst,.. arrf.r l h,nDt'Bx!seltlr,,orntn's.' a ad dion. DNfuaLf|idslri de!lod th alcrpured rom fol rtandj orlh tu8cnrigrut! he neln'ari]ndshing. edulld. ottoan mililaryof. ja s x dhws|rer a reslur,nt' ^InF in ticI fUdlrimselNorkjng j!. rc s alwrs cd for dnLses Dmenig? nol rt N, ll sida's \reekhc rvaslssurdol hl cal. ad !ll' sidrlh] nron]. hjsdly.1l' tnrl.i.nt o s Iraid salrja ,lnri a emliin lh. thatr h louldeo to a rviervnha lflrcad,]rd ..Yu lrc on dy. fol *hate!I rca\n' h s dla.ed, fathr srild ol]te|' hi !nrg, Nvr']n h r.on' nlrndth !ge! ol $ord:tred, ditioay lod thdfinitioolthc and

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on tifue.uL deprivd hinLfllh manyomtftsan relsusi st pple. Witlrh slins.n dl|aroane two,n eaeoe hundred' whenh lamede ou|d!I exl on. n wrk.l and n h d oi] as al|. Dtri|ralion lh |or and olno rl. ' ' | 1 , 1 o s | ' 0 1 , | \ i , \ , | \ d . J , , , l ) , i , o ] o ' d tn l92|. ml mthr afiivedin teUnndslIs, a t|rne l w|re quolinlo th. ounlrwas utto e filld,I rip th ieratin dked thil o|Providen, ]n Rhod|nd.whr, forthsliels Iaso' its ou|d dnidcntry, ttile lim ol Iiom hisjo' m ath luildwit h was however' thenuerae i]nrild 1o1lrlat thlthc brjd: $as du w!ival addvlpd doghj a My |lhrpladd dsFrat|y..ry tJ ueh!Il.lh er]n nt i n I s s y o u o u g n i n g . h e s in]d t ! b & k l . . se l hc lin bar slroaIwile l resu ad d]tnsiD c. a ulroIl!|e' Fi]rll' $as hr tUl nrllinrwls a htrgc. it r|lnd hftmD. and anylling ut lrjondl'e clwlen' ,,lvh} 1e y fadrruid rpl-\,,..lt ! cUsc is ilcd.sir.' s Ar Rhatapared d|esquestions, amirl]1d to the |arg stmand Iessed ilo lo fth alr aPL].tjn |m M fathI he|dh reath h stnggledl redn li.n th di\rane: s Dear Gd' whlwrdwolld ar? h slp ]vasreo!d,andtlrIe ws'in lare|xkltt: it DMI' FtI ut intolcIsnd MotlEr as$Lmeith l Whei she ws tld the magnifinl nws'sh bento Dgh rgjn My ,ir 1her, th!rgoI.hstorj' n r hcI 8rad armadruslred y ' Ibre th n1jn lok notie'od .ed. fu|fi|L|nDt nrir f q Io,NI Yo*, tlrjoUs youngcol ljosd sing|c.fr s hnus m3nsioaj simlbeause e wereongairr h irr tl

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tti] many nmd . oels ams' At lhattim in ,, a |arge !d ]Y slrills']|aG, lote& Pea!,nnla.lrdth fnrus wnh lbr nk ties Il ws e.e( lzl,sinsh uldrea!.raai sh nd|cand llad i.j !s sormeIn dditin. su,rised m flther wnh thl ]c hd anagd10 leam Armnian,in u*e, drig !ntar of srxnon ws to ndnr m hal|eges. Jzb| ut then hpPiness t uldntsPcakg|h,dhaddjfliU]t work.morso wlret)' inc l ommuniat rvitlrstmnge,lvei !n in l92l and f. lnere hd cn a sizaleAmian ofimnf i|r a thereller' ger' telhcr'txilor.evntlreailm' the dlr,l ' he ol oue lh ur'dll ol lhn.wl-madefrieds,]v Ame ni akglound. a resull,l.orthc rs of her lif. lrr lng|ish As rai]rd oor hereivr no siiryniinTloy;the firsl s!|edin woF hslr, NIass,. Ne]v.Ie' th Work d m pants,nnc.and n ss nl log b. ito the dining rm!d|romth killrcad Iougt lath \Yas to rorof bettI hot.tl rvrks anr (ownrg his rulli lig!l m 1ln, Drine Iidwewok was src, fathels eanings Fatrused l l]| mc tht very evningi their rm. h oI \rol|d mprylr klsot lblt showh wile h amings 1d:five,ln.fineen, Nentydolla' andnrc' A lgr prnnt hn unt thbkeate ftunslthirlaor, t an! a svings drmati then savines rind elmincs' vent thltim.inrasd wrk.rvhenth Arrin tt rvsto lakr ouys l.tirlss Dren eame fulnltd] I]o owneshiplh prhsd two lm' to i house, $h1hstands th d wit tlre samaddress:2o,lO]i stlt.hI re nagh.6 netdoor.rs drestre!all overtown thAannians we!ryhere' lhe a.e ln my dsillo nritaijr auray' l]lowi|rg smof n1uh tim and riedslri t aniljeswith whomour prenls shared Paazian, hakn*ian (oth of Nho NI ousins| Mtner' in aLiks). Masi' srk]ssiai'utui.ji. Quinos ( mi mfid l a Un),Ganjmi]r, Khjianamg otlre' and
, i l, . 'd p 'o 'J ]], |' ' , 1 0 | | \ ! . i r ' ! J , I l ' " ).L

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h lrLlertwo |amilies mimoant dur]ng ougdu|t|s the olheaudrI. whihtookPlin NervYrk it, Li fr lh ntnc .omui1sgd a on]mn senil: d jLtine newrvyf]if,wk,ig ofhi|drn, to fm]l roIems, andlhc lbrquilus gossi vcln kn just ol' e!rylh]ngof the |ives tcir neigho Duri.g thtrnJd' l).lr citislht hd Armnin rhc omunitis worelhe lo*1rsnearost,ss,.and l.Rs i Rhde laad, ho omouslennt of^nnninsto a|itbria Utrr' a]' sllsoudnraD ltr'M aronts, lrmlrada tnt, firsl a retrng lae apaltnnt lhe sond a i oI' lt ]vasaDAijnnia! w spokn]urkh (lhos!jl|anguagercml imrtant. ut ol lr{e' I hvnt lorgorcn)] dailvisits,kineome. raingchi] drn..hlrh inisand soilgtllcrings] l rsug o. nd of ln1]ous plitilnjs (nlhjng d s'n,4,,,,j..o1i mrei to tis).ll thesetrcemannlorponts nnianlif in r' n |927.nr!sh]jl|nil.c lhrein u.reI, lhn first as son coe (Teen)ws m' ^lir |ew mnls.MthefLlth nedto rcfunrt wdk; sionall)' ould Iin8 hINlk for tt ste company intoDrhm. WhnshewUldg l l ftory. lvu|d s |cxvhr aby jn the reher lanl |i wxs duringthttjmee' (e refedh lrscnnam).mosedto lhe ulkish |an. gugetiom hls aretakr ! rsu]t' parenls As r cspxligt hild was m.lU llUug i' ytrs wtr to s un!|tlrensed a.h hld eaedio 8i|,|. wasnl l hnleondsoss it nad dllt. ad rsmb|.d |alhIjsts r resemld h uI mlhI'Wlh two hl|drn, Mothfodherjo dnlist hmc cr sw]nel]nts kel hr usy aDdelenfullysoml r fia|e rien!s uld e lial |hr l| .ng]t]nc' ]|dren more her ut o]nplcits ]Yel t foliNi lather hdoelery ffiitst ostru. ti d nme rirs. s resullur home ws a|waysin d and .diljn, h non Iionletran tlreIot t drstnds thf dy, t Wl]enour alts Iou8hlour rivat. te]eho.os' re), uld noLall theil lridsaus noneof tmad a l]Phoe] h adome thr !]r|th neigos't]e, pInls ou werca|wxys cnsidled 3

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ndonesli tqujlitity lradeulr pr|cms tryjngt mka ]iviglhiIe raingteiIl1v sDs' our lromhadom tnsion af, o|lhirPrliuslif in ot (lhrtnlhe ndd'modr tmn urkc onveni'.r.anrnre to ineees. ods' nusi' hrily reIat]ships. tinhrcnt !d hsi. ta|ilysow1oonstaDt vit, Wh nrl]tcnlin]t?M rrnls spoklo ey in U*ish. l m th sk in Arrian, d rothcrnd spokto &h olhe.i ng|h. I vntua|ly. w gl\r ldI,verync as Undld wht Ns rgard|ss b]ng sid' ofNhic lnlagws in8sokn' hc mjor diffIns ofthe rlh'rsonrlitis mverv evldntdurig thc an yNj aad s lsull it develoPd ito ofrL,hna| ex' hngs' ^mongtefuln differenes 'r attitudc aso 1. was f $adrItsd drhr |if IfI semlsccs herethlmy oldcrrothr dvil a | wasan angcl(Rhihdeliill noLm]r *s ]nlntin), fiate ned'y efy ln hlsok mjgtdesim as thn ,dviL,'nd | $tr|w]dnol Rt lhlt l haeD' !i!e eIsof seratj.i i aae.a mk! sicifiant diffel n uo. yoe hn. dre.speilly lmong oys,l]Dc.I h0d nvsenlosert m pants.and Ur hom lif. lyhcrs fty as ore lhe .noftal nd mhi!.us' uny' rvhoa|was ket!r livesitelesli|r8, spenningrreti ilr ou| ho|nrscntd wnh the !Lu. me ale pr0iry ltninto th .o!atinso m rnls b ccn ahothrndNilholnl|e* !nors. y latrrnaitaied. f manyyj a nslnlosondee lh .U.fLj.(anatile of lith Ufa, urky)snlai flids.l| hom hd stt]d lh stn in l,Amonglhse t.aniljes 1YeIe: Ieteroum (theries ofoulnl sia-olthodox hulh in Wo'!*l0, Yn shji (n m]tin) Ihir Urk', A|lt vo[.sait 1ii'annothelslvhse nlms L

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do i Eemr' n!ationsit mostof lh Amnisroulde ]n Amenin.utwnh lhe sii}!' *as msLynr Urkish that frr lhsc onvttns v a5 ] hild, I had laflrd ther trla ittaiosit ilE t fdr Amilns lward oa lhemanrtesuffeng n1t ]. Who cou|d|am eurkh ot, lntrrsing|' \vei lhs s tlh asc\ih war tom hmelnd? ofthn uftring nl ihe ma fctlhe spokurk]shlrcj.din s]ritc ya.ned lr.,l.,,l.i?/,,' (ourhomo]3nd)I waI.dreaIwa5 .jor towrd ulkish peoPlthe the Wht thsii|anididnotd]a to lhat same ilterhlrd lh AlmcnianshBdllwas(ndtinn ts rmaind i|replil mas hild, l dat ). vchm entlyexre$ed' lh siirynio sufId la!gs.|wri h}' Uldf,vo the Aftrall, diffrt? hrlian cruilies so Philosphic1| e yongo,litial l|nrihatds, and ut l onfiils.1yfu'. ,lui, whih gwn{ps wIea]wdys lalkjagonl.fllil |l lt oys. exms. nrovls n thswcrc most th wcrc ot imPnt' wonhy ofmy inl51. he nl dtin8t lnrr a.h1|dNs flrt hnkseivnrg Da rve had rurke for dnlnel. whih rvs l| | hd every ..sedi.hd n while llJl knowaolt urkcy, BUl the lntcd y !on m ll a slatmenis ountlss nDware tlreet].ts o ln our hm oul parenlssok to alr th]n urkih' th phnocrah nvyslacdukishmusi,smAi' and very l whn ustswould vil nd altr dlnner$as Amn]a roriaes' finhd'lhe won s|d reminin d] kilhennd th mn in dre disuspoIitiaiissus lh \lr nr ot. and 1iving romwouldine!itab| gl!s dilomli pnris lhen in !rke, ftI was tr the diifed *nh lhos of ArDlguests'Fathr*s a|$as th on d cniliat}' funda0!t 1|sids, ehas]zd nedf ot ^mn' ine mircd ilr inosit lo{rd thn fonrel ho]ne|and' udok.bul Iier hving cUlde!I atsu a ,,izail.. cusls e n sen'edsuc dliiusdinner(mthis trlkislrookjn8ws a wrk of art),no ne NuLddre eegjn a Iirtiledlc:fteraI]' I J | . . | . o | v d - o oJ , ' . 1 r d . ' d o , n i . r Jl'd { J

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o " . . . | " . . , ! ] , . | | | \ ,\ r y \ o , t l o i J r J . - ' , . | l|niL} i naay^mnin anJ terli ]if hrs. i|rghlIdlcn. finxirldiijclItjs. n1linliing uIlus.langUge. r|igiond ad een a frajr mof fanrilisstaain8a n lif in lh United sltes hnifudcfrParntowrd 0lky. m! turkrsho. pl rYs]ni|stl oniraryt le e]incs othcAnianonrs] i N hxle retfiedl lh]s err|r' But athel uiqrc faturc ld in ur ho|ne'ad drtwas fie di|us8cf Inrelang!ges: ssh. With th irthoflh! lirs s.n ec Gercaii. lrap! nes s intmrnglcd sith wft],'hadwork' d the lncnlty ir th futur As lhe r'oks ammonths, l ts ecm u sar t n ]nsalbIe on.]lio ]Yhih ct| lltcdlromthoirIirrmr had s hnrelmd: ittI l htred lh ^mn]ns y toNrdnnthie urkish, ut our parc.c hd ea' nd.]rvysrmaijrd. vid oall noJtv ands l resullthwereua|e .fit. i|rto omnln' Wnh nl lo lhc rrous ftiedlAnnian|.miLis. Ns.nly tte Mefian lir.]il it ]Yjth whom th ad spkcnin trrkh,la ddill. l llris sad odi (whihhad ausedhavoin o!to. tion,ih l]nein Folnixl fris mn.Urk). wcrotnslled ro' a5 we|ls onrerines wh| i th Arfrnias sett]d. d lhIad!.thrar]i wr dlnnind nolto in|est tlrilson wilh htrd tsmdetemja,ti.n\yu|dbe nd lndd lhil .Ll@It| whosafiilll Ras lillla o|the lutule t ll $s ntnt.ned eJr|ir lhatt of 'n arDts spoku&islr ndrfunian' togelhRith tc othe|anguges sokeD my hthr aoflhem sorkd vcry lrId otain Amoix drmo|hom t lnehi' In time,lhe fils ofthn ]os indedr.ughl tJ lhm lhil o\nhon in ro, Ns Ylk: , tW I!mi|' housrrhih llds b t]1is .a} h aadmt thc scoDd on floI of lhr dw|lilr ws tedto urkh{eakilr Aannianfm]lt.ands r renlhm older Iot|rr, elr}, en lrlh Urkh |angg' rason to h being' wh Ur molherwenl l wo.k (l hllt not or ct), sh would lcav hcr son Nnh lh ]adlnatutil she retuld n.ojnhel Nrk, his ltentive ]dyommuiatd elr in turkh ]ngtrag with rdas arsull,it.onrtd ltntsto do nrsm, m} F]! as later.f, Februlr, 7. l92, d*'adei]ne the (of llnh ashji',nd ]s tnsl laguagc the tlrleewilr lre vntull ske), arn nintmnin lgnag, tr Mlhr h,d l ].lv

t7

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Norkingfol th Aow shlrt mPany her emlynt ontinud uL rasons whDlI finaial hm,Anthrne ells hadassd iiorn ashji eganio osidr molinc thc |mil! to theit lN at]rr oI.if,migmnls ailing hundrcds ofdrusds YoIk. thrleslinlion wni] lhI hdf,ajnhjf,dour hon i Io' *orklng nd hte in !thel foudwork ia se!rlc|usive Iaig hr two sDs. ofh lnom'he t.k r$' Ne\YYork jt. rinc to sv ptio d doniD a lumhedafimcntBu1uepetdly timsstnk !r n lami]ynd Isultd le sellingolhc r ad a folosure our i r y slhrg $hatvrshe omc thr as|]lj dpated |fi ou|d'sid hr sd falwel t hr fnds.nd wnh her tw sons, dat Ukow, he ect movedlo Nl! Ylk.iry tjonr oufalhr' tt rvasoutsieaorcc' ndarlv, n] W sftldin fath.s rentdpInnt a two l.amily I, hUse oqed r snrlani fmi|. Ii]n a4z andh Nif Lu l i azaz ' lotcd |6."stret, N\ Yrk iiy, h l'llowila scvra| yars llnd or rn yolking hard' jal scoolnd) r' e]ng enlred sinl mn alier Phia| th intoub|i so lonlinldt myshoo|wh rmi]ymovedto lrom there ank strt. loar Mn. l i l5'. srrct Nlntt. nr sd sd a con. had h0na. olr aFnmenls elirmhcd our alcnts, willr srll mnian mi1i.sNllo als tinuous liieDdsi cnlinud wnh h nis ]ivdi! dr NcN yrk lft, Ithrmai|rtnred ftidship |rjendsrsidigin Lheoston ar,ouse auests'd'nere' sn]}anj and nvetins' musiladn th phoogp, yas .t vns wcr amngttre!n rfraesol oul hlthFrbLms m, Parl, n
, t 1\ YoIl,,r A|r l'.'?r'I p 'ov j.\e,J r,|.

.ln tin bolh our !rcnts en Arrian ilizns'f| whih lh mto Urmolhsnh diilih wrdlIoud, itiznship ut L!kjng lh ailil 10 sakng],sh tvsdved l e lo night Again' beingsurounded]r Amtnlan shool10 lcm lh |an8uage' I lem ngl? Lhels wrkigtbl a rinds. who neded lh gmcnl industryhad given tr dnntaryitdu.|;.n1 th v]th whm sh h ploIemws lhat th pop| nglh lnguag, so. pok..on a d!i]y s,o|dnl sak!clh eithr] Moter

hTrulh Ntun. oldydlldrn'ii

o " . ) | , ! . , . | | \ ,t r " \ o ' t i o i J r J , f ' J ' , e . | la|niL} i many^mninandolerlihrs. ]if i|rgiIdrcn. nnxial diffilItjs. n1!in1!]ing uIlus.lngUge. ||igion ad nd een a nnjor mof failis staflin n lif in l United slles hnifudefou|Parntow3rd l.ky. mJ tu][rsho. i Aninores] l s m stlonlraryt lc ]e]incs othe hareffied l lhjs eanrer'ut othel0iqrc fatur isld in ur holle' and lrat *'s the dai|uscf tlrrcclang!ges; ngsh. With tejnh oflhir lirs sn edc Gereanii.lrapi nes vs intm]ngld Nith wofiy' hardwork' an the lncn0lntyil th fulxr As lhe wooksm ron.], l l ts ecme ou $ar t an ]nsallb|e ond]tio ]Y]h etmsltd ntir Inmel had rom oelmd:t ittIhtred lh ^mcn]ns y toward lnlhigu.kish, ut our par.c hd ca,nd.nvJys rmaid. vid ll imosi nds reslll lh wereuale .nt. i|xolh omnrunn' lo \!iLh nl. rrus ftidlAnnnianamilies. Ns nly te Mesroianlirni] it ]Yithvhr thc fiadspkcnin kh, la dditl.nl this sad odi lion, t Almeinolitialptis (whihhad ausedhavoi]rotto. 'n.Urkc). wcrc tnsllcdi ry' 5 well as otherc|neswh| th Amninns hai]sett|d. lherandlathr Tar]iwcrc dlrind nollo in|estdrenso wilh hlrcdndtcsmdetermiljn v.uld be clndd to thn ./.llg}zf wos adjlll ss slill Pa o te un lt Ns mntioned r|irthlt fi of'ny PrnG skctrlkish ndArntniaf,jtgelhr silh lhe oe|aguges soken my tath|, ahoflhe skd vcry hIdto otanr Amrindrmo|hm t snelslri' tinre,th lils ofthir ]aos indedfuught lm tJ lhil own omin ro, Nlv Ylki two lfujlhuseryhihslds l t|is da' h aaanto lc scodi]ol of thc dwllilrwas IeEdl a ukish.selkijrg Aannianfm]|y. s renLllny lder aan IotI. r' gant lexrlh trtk |af,gugc rason ho being' rvhnr mothcrwenl l. sork (l hd nl bor t)' slrwuld lrv hr son wilh th |ndlnanlulil re tulned nom ho srk, h rcntive|,dy 'nmuiald l'ith e in rheulkh hDguae a as aresull'jtrotd |ts do drsm' m to |ji! as Iatcr.of, Februlr! 7. 19]2, dwl lreljnet|re (oit thlewi lr evenlull luflh shji,nd his lil lguagc soke), e!]nethe anintArrnilene, \4lhrhd l. lcvc 1

he Tnih lfu* old y dMfl sln

workinclr th row slri.. ompany hi mPloynrnl otinued ut hmc, Anlhr nv 'a hd a$d whn for nnnial asons li! to oling the l.ailto lh n ofNw alhrashji egxn osidI fiving hdrdslhousands immjgnls of Y|k. the desinarin ol whil Modlel hadmainlined hofi in ro. rvo*lng ad oDr lls on|d work in selerll lusive raie er tso sns,!.al|rI he N$ YoIk it' rying 10sa! rtiof inre, k msi. ad dcnci a fumdartfienlut untdl tnrcs strukur o lami]yxnd resultd the selling|the f nd a torlsul oul in ryhatlerslre omc Mlhr as|r]idparted flo b sllinc ou!d'sid hr sd fxrrvelt I irids.]nd wilh hor lw ss, our daleis unknoNn' movedto Ni Ylk ciqr t.join flhr'he eact t t rvas aout si ea of ac' nd rry lve, W sttled in oul fadr renld paitmont nr No.fnrily Mr' htrse qed a sn,ani |mi|. Krnn az dh wil Ly l azaz ' ltd |6."sfti i NeN York n h I.l|rving svral |udour rn vrklng hard. int y e]ng enlered sinl FranalilIhil sholnd'ry to l moved intou|i slroo.l otiued m! sholwlrtlrcfjn]| trt rnk strct.in |oweln 151,slrct Manhan. lrom in d ad httn. olr anmcnis enfumished or rnc.d on*'h o wilh sc!ll inian f]ni]ies tinuous flidri otined rvithh h livd in llrc Nrw Y.k area Iathermintincd friendship |riendsrcsidin8in lh 1o ra' us gusls'dlmeN, si]D'ani d on!tions. nrusiphed n the PhnogmPh' a ol vanus paa' sr afiong thc iy nremories our of he]th on ro]ems nr 'o '.n! \,]imol Ar!|ia.|'1 , | . e .' N . ( \ o ' t l i ] q] ie oLhoul Psits ame Aelian ilizs'lr hih thy with diffiull wcr c]llud utilizesjane l or mothr ws adlisd to g to lglrt Lkingthe ilityt seakg|h' she gsi, ig lurlndd rnrcnla shooll ]amth lnguag, larn ngl1this olkine lbr e in nids.wlr eded t rh garmntindustr' hd gj! hr rudim.nlryintodutloto tho h Ilen was thl lhc eoPl\!ith whom she ngljs lxneuee' .\ke..o a daily bs, uld not spk n8lishnhrjso' Mothr l3

l'.tJ'|'

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shji,.n ftv..r lhreeviigsofe wek,ltended dull.lnguae puli sho|l wi]|nvl trgd hr nteok lasss nar in nd Pei.dheronrglome and tring'.owth h]l,n l |erfr to yjthul ny di. our |lhr ad oblaind nizship h arlir, tj0]1. lis rvas.ot tsjtualion oul lhr' tl waswhiIccrry Ut for \rasin theU,s mr tow.dslndflhseondWnd War' lvhen oul pIenls hd enc to thftie| Jftnricration Nlua|izatio' ad Duringthatdeisive vet' unrus strstads ut: lhr ad en waroi lh wrd ]|. ut s'hen thc r|ninr skodhci ..al you elI e in emPhxliPrid sh rlid. ns]..wit Ndnrgth ovious Lrm te |aele anrinr' li n 1y thr am I the rs.uc statjg sh d lel eeninalcmled her lPeared hi] of a snril l mi!rt fc,Utmothor .. shjimadhInna|paL] godAfieriaa i\'r ln ne son .nArmyl godAne.anl,. seleral weksl[r' rolher me pud Dtur|izcd a itiz ol.thUnnodstaEs oAeli. our hom li| nr it ws snnilrto olr n hi|dhod in Ioy M incc|osl n lmjl.kefl ]n al hofomordrr ry rolhcr, nd s rsullol snding ie it oul tequetvn. i eame n aware le Anin fuosit of towtrdntlhi.g k. ish h rvsne cPt]n' thatss the Gniin fui| rvnh and rvlroul fmil hdr !ry tiidL ry h renls' in Nishan andNevan.weieurkh si],king anddlnnvodaughte so'a|l ad olwhom hdnbom ]n ro, *'et ii|ill *'ithukjshndAn. niln Flther Nhahad plseda uklr insntclldlh ll, an jenlsti]rgd instnnt frm {hih ll!d lhe mdem glilr' |reirson, hns,gan lem lo lav the violi'ut as he gerv lo he e.minlerened thexl' adv]th h fathcis astnc.e $ould li |len trn rkish .dijrgs t thl criodno o ou|dhvc olesen nr l adultli.hik, as h was a|ld. drat wuldbom the mst tLentcd and csful ^meiin.rn l/l jn lh Unitd sls,Wilh tllrlsf,dshibeven xvo |anilies.u jsf,u lh !, l.ods, |aeuage' and em inteall an ur honr.lif, n nl an intrst lhuDtryo|dl Pco|c ]n fur(ey \snl to o |omd in m ns.iusns,I had ]omed ofAmnian harcd lor !l| thines

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kisn a o hm'md t nuch of tis uit ws to be foundi our ho. In fd we nad neven net a urkis Pon, lt ws oDlove for kish lsi md ny ai.hip wit hik ltny intst lltigs Tuikish volyrd'
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- | o t d , " | 'ed'. . ' \o |,,,'.'d qn||.J' o' "ol. Drn: a eutu| !dr. i sait Alans.i lh ne farjlg|]sh roughofQuens. New YoIk. h rjor vetiD oul |ivsa|n jt thuncted tnsio ourfetin rky ndhroPl, or apcld m yrslater,thll1| n hdeenredeslinon. to els hd { nl mo!d t s3int Alaf,s.th susequent e!ntstndjng through mln yea wouldot havoud.and therfore tlul o amazin8 sioryuldthvNrittcn' Frmro to Nw Yrk ]t. crt.ndingt lh suDr olsaint A]ans'N\ York' ur tiril |iit otjued smesno] Lvoii l hildI. asioal ilInscs, uItLtr. lngn3s. frcqunt isit n lh wk.ends, oupld Nit t|l|lms which.|e revleDt m$ in lroms, IUeht nrtod|od, ns t r.lhr'' .nfury lo al] lred].lns. mamda lo!l! giInaed,ie Louis Adu|llr' *'ho\gs m oimlgninenl La pIcnts, csc hc rmanr mrid t d.thc prcnls urU. l lifu] dughtend e crandPrenls l.jehtaulil0] eraf,dhjldren (srou{]ule ouldnol desr]e J they orerwa.) flr ry.s]naria. te drd beme t.lrgec, .r of pIents, rrhon lh whd to seehilmtrid' ul s a teengI, lieas smwhre l|re in distnt t.ulrrc, wasilrcstd t reordes.rkis musi..d oljaing .?.,'6,t,' Urkishdflm plyedon e lp.struklvilh h!dsd firge As ! hi|d,I emm I l renn oul nlk d r i rclt in8s nd ,,ompannrg.. th mnsias I uscdthe sidf or hDogrlh tl. my..drun''' or as Altrmuh |dine. Prenls m lr mc mt tnst (ofmaf,) unh4cd my rYr'deil very d4,.!ta adI laycdrt]mosle!rydyj rts a itjent'oe da. dui|rg !is]! to the Gdnjmianho]n,w |jned hik hadeonr wilh his ll inslnmnt, veldlo us nd rflint is dosnl. jrfr musij]d'l *4 cxufunt fry supnnd in offrd rnsel|!sthelrummIl dreann. so thetft.we |orfred thl8l Midd|.aslem ad in Nw YoIk ill,It as a|ld: or

h .ulh un r.oldl drd lhshjj

|.rsunnse' W frmcd file.ieendos$ting o| /ts' Irnian ulkh aDdwstem isllurnenls' |!d yoe nrn m | lh o|menin fami|is, Du Uniid stts, |ikemysll thj|drn d grupfyoUg ing thtti]nc. nynftis,an oanizdd|enld thc rel w|lkn aad wasa rit.af,dlc,\flltes enre usiians, inlddrkh. nnian.AJbl. i greatdmand. our rI,enoire lnd s Ik. danesd songs.As n s in mt lrom.the n]mianfamil sokulk and as a rcsultl fvledUrksh rn. musl hls Promted ik to lrnmn u.kh voa' dans. urth omsitins' audis o strunnhls'as wel| as |nssil were prnnalilwilhjn l Amenin nd lhe sn|ani.(srjaDofth doa)ommunities Mjo wassurene o crlm for liv audis t thiNrc nv| Underoe huded am mjrh|I.8 a ole, fin (lhe ltho0j rv|rosc soialinlmtin d ouftd onl oug Nith housegusts' ut thereh ws.plaing musi |o!d,on a sn:lyin urkish d|ln Nhih AnIians d nvr bI.re drun wnh rhllhmifunEy' Noncfthsearzig ncf,nourd ada sjnglnte|ms].thle|Id aI,layinga musl. !. sirilal1oAfrrinor n wsI musi,wc eanre essnrlsj rnd get aid lr it ws mrc dranrve o pl ih musiw joed Miins Uio; oD]d Ft we ecm nre ire Arrin in. to Loa] 802' our vo|ry n *as lhf,nd ontinus tod] l t]deddrc wordg tm sill sedlday.rfi|]g rud en oI Ifonra. rjginlunion crd, ny fift} exgmenl ltt.c e foundNitlrir \hibnionnlv husdjn th Ntia| in Lirry' in ^nkm,pita| ofu*e' h will be in]udd ltI is whi anrol ale ro! Whato|lws nn tulincidt iglrtel m nl nl swIto itsvrait' theaglanrimatLy t ePosurc nlm Aanein to suldil lok pl!e of grouNs nggd pl musi lor a hurhsonsord to n.' . o . | a | | L , - ! l | U n 1 l J . ,to b l . | | o . | ' d i l \ r n ' ' . . , , 1 i o ' l r o \ \ \ o , | ' . ) , J | J l \ \ , J L o r J l R o | r , | . | ' | , J | .i | pLafor tivitjsWith an udin ovr t hdna puIa. s]l hd n. omnandhildr, everythig roeeddvry 1*ohndrcd well, Al oD oit ur ladr,hik. gnto pl a old li'vonte llth !oal: it was a sng sh]h I hd knn for maa ad t.rm hik, had sungat hm,wjthutIi0 rclreaalr rmsin

42

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and wilh m drum und ny lrft !n, ] sd np and aPralrcd $xDding miph. l lh rer nd momn!gn sinethesng to was momIri| our gru soked, llof0 sudd !d rnan , \ , | g , 'i J d o , | \ . r i . - \ , | | - d J | , i ' e ' o 1 ..l'!JL ,in]d L\or"l l. n l h n.. o,!h J' m '"."nd "rd in m$ silive Ny' smi]swere eve.Yrvhr Lli]e th epl laped ul. ] lrdsue lh ves d we oludd a r in to sudig aplus. ven oul tenrd!|ltl ik ved, *s il hen il haPnd s ur erulok brck. endfiana m. to sith 1sljghl s]tlIe's]king rahed erd l]-ind].nd ,,M son. ]f,Amnin he saidlhe |o|lo$]ng| our sogwas !e, we|l yoU pll|kh son8s. don. !ryon enjd ut lrIftI it, rvhn pl/}?,,,st.,4,, eaeyoL| noLomilted1singth wordsIN arc hele o histolianwlr an fI t Ihevnl whih] ve jIst rcvalcd, ccusit hpp.d l,'? !d d m ly \inrss, At aout |8 ea of c. I nad undlodwhl x mmro. tc | hunh ordoI.Dnclohadsidto m' ul ald]at1rr ouldnol fuIl gmsthe s]gifia l|r !]uld state]nenl' at, ol pladynh Urk in*nn. utto p,?l,il,, elit, ulkh musi v nc lN urk]shws m! tirstYcrin. with lh. aslrdil! I, Jd llr il]gla| Arri ofdr or]uit' asurdjts sition \verct tiu lhugout adull life hat ilst vtrusthave r lrflal indcli nngin m nrnrd rl lell il lilidlvc fift fol .ts.' ur Dulinc futurmil .rccr w sr lfu|nti. nnian audics' Wh w erfolred for snlani, sephardi Jws.r l times.AmIianudiDcs. nlys ]ydolr DNi wc
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ulikth y aflrurgrolP w$ dslvd tle andl hdrlms tmtmnt ofol|e, h rcslofourd,dur the.tl lsnled rash .ne whihwosedwhh drnk My..esca..oufted dy Nhn ilh urgrol olr sijrlani hnr New ]erse|d soix]funtio gnp oI tfue.runnns sssios with anoter al diflrnt rfolrig cn1|ed aarob.l Bos, he lea l hardnre musiL lhis gru.I Ie' Al lhe vry outst lh ermedin remrhw nnmnsel Plesdl was eaus x'h ]V!s mastr urkish.h smllglUpwas ld JohnGmd, ad rqlne mnges desibth uniqrctalent l \ ihrt, lt ]vou|d incaLe mollilof m nw frind,.Ihed, stud|ed unq!]d urkish musil a degee nd PIfol]nd lsssi| wilh h oin Jk Gabed' wh nrusiian' olhr Amri..r Urkh sdtgd inst|nnt)' pLed ril nd lh ta (a nieDt the rd l]arl seak'h lrlyndrc,, and th./a?!'*. (th ulkish ws tal ch|tI lfton' and in drum)'lh eruof the. ta|ent, l nlper]r $ c1ul elnged. wanlds nu.tr l b sso!le'l negot]tins hik. o Nith wn lh aod grol,xndftcIlsiv grous ndiiion thatuoo o me rnrntcd to.r|m wnh lh to llitingdatsI wouldhoose nmnlwil lh N./ /teJ M $|rcmjws ron lived's teamgmt r.vd to to hen bthglUsNr ought c i danr At r fufurefuntion qhile on slg'hik. weekd.||lqu|. sauIted agai|r. ad etcr nrcidt hir of.ne,line,'m, lt $s a discract.ul ]hnnd acusd my n| solutionwas lo sid mslfrvitth lru| rot.ssionl lnd vitlr theedg|upfol tlretstlth Drusiians s I rnnred af,d jf, offouras v ncfl' e offrindshipotjnud uIgIU adeenan lnsi'tjn lo John for rfrmed uI snryaf,j.ommuni0/. .,rlll., main ]n my halt witl e ndillc mmoiesf ryblved snh to for kmgs I1j!,A1|ihrce, ! saddend s,reno |onger ln us,$o nnPnmttoFisust i|uded m tl|De to tlrar, *'hihhvefftd deeply dgrU. vnts of l Duina umerolsprformaes th Gmedgronp.a join our gro0p] r, rik u]ul' urkh een. fin frusj.inwuld musician il] jf,nru. ta|nt, o]npsr. as tla tmrninary melts. a.d ie!hel o|rkh musi ad h]slry rik was l e lry Jiiendlyitoih .ome lhc vry fi6tulk ith hom l hdeor lrkh wrd oI,,r 6,'ll",' l a.h othIs &rde,\' da !e le|er

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hLill nd orm t rciir lo rik in tholirl]ow]f,g chPtesi lhreI.or riefl,l,d hk l itduelhpers ]voml0 |ronold to rlir as ldr,etl,,: lik hld ml tlrUnjtedstatesfto ulk solking fol t ulk ]fountion ofi nr Nw Yrk it. in th ,50s,c hdstr]died lh n t ]DilIird sho|olMusj' restigiols and dvlds ]it t fi!$ aid his Turkh heitage. tIe maied Frus'a lta|i.ArIi Roan atoli aury Frcsd Taik hadtwo sonsand.!c1x|1y. rtirdto Flrida oa o.rik olDtlssmusilahicvmn t h sriting te frusj l.oran hd ^merin ornrdunng lstorirmane'It vas ltl ]bI tion ol.th 50.,'nilealthe jnusial ar loe lurk mn renorvd tan,, lae'astrAnrelYan, so olhestls, Ami Middl !stflr. oe crlrdclsi.l and.ontm. rary rkh music t an udief,e olr 50 o|e' Wilh arik l genius'an Afie.an orhstm ulk sltins !oa in layd njent rrith a iddl astmInfta lr lancl 8l!u {'as ll. ld l^mnian. rk. JoNh, syrinonod.ri andurk h mlsiins]t0| reiescnt,live te hmoy amogethnid | rellgjusnltis in otfian u.key G mo.lus E]atioship otinus lo tlris day in t Rulic of ulke, Phi8lps of tlr lIionrc on dh nchiitioi Ankar. urk' 2 JohnGrd a lecyllov,nd kindns i his lm llt ily, his sIjaonhdoi uh.dhis oudes nends' dmise tlis rushd aDdl Icerctthtnr otacts r witlrlr amil]r not on. did tinue'ut in l999 a ttaIly unected develometlok ]eJohD,s dughll. 'iln (n$ Mre' c|lo). md nltlvil fi y tl. selning loi nnal,,nlf'ithher|xthr' J.hn as r!red hne, bt h nlre lnn1i]y leryoneho knwhim.ulMari|n had and annlid ke! interest hI ftltlsusi dt thisdatrasket in h violi.' sh ws sel.hinc lor the Prverl..ned|e the ha' ia mld by hr hler many!e ago.il na.k.'' thating a reording wasa LP rrdie /, l|]i ! 6ry' G,,de,adaftrsarhing t ]gth opof hIftheis jnusjc, foj sh}as d!d to |ahout lo e nr final ttnrpl strlttatIdin.e, to ingver mtionaI (no aologics mt as tht Plasej). yesmotened l r!aLed thoreorn \Yas ]nossession, was viouslhatshetoo be. shet's sekjng i It amenrotinal shtle|nled Ies lrelsLlilrlde $|rat] hd s to for tll ls tllan wk.I hd rcdd on a asolt ta! .lll rosd,

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t sides of lh LP reordingoclher *ith a lor photop th d s a ll oie slctions' wrll s eal|ttr .jxkct.lrcd sriine offiendsiwith. aad my lov fol hI fate' ]n and hnold t Nd I descri suPrc|njo? am de| hr I hr t.mily' a! benablelo ofl M, xlil Galaedel]o,d nd my elo!d 6r.l/'.., llsuleofjnemriesfhi elvedftncr,
']{.) L o,gm\\ |.d | , o J| | q l | 5e.!r p, v],,

rvhi my enes h y |atr ]ie!afted ythndoul nutualri in story. we to hava signifintpla mo* unique o nnal ommenl mst md aout m frind hik hik bm a .imian. ' Nif ousin'hochbmin ^meri. and h asler tcurlrh ,l tle inIlomld inslrumenl mslinto of n with numusAmerian nhestrxs Aneriajaz' lnd Frlmcd in lshes,I rcmain sle. lusadreordies. sit|Nr onlity c ihat I hd ena '1ofh iilial musi arr, hs a]so roDd jn 6ed awy.andI ms him dep|I hik ftnjns fi' nn,s nr I Nith a fw stenes hav aid tritt tlrasof,ohn Gaixd, wh dolotdtn lvcs adtil antry 1the N'o ta|ntd musiis urkey,hre wil| tlrr lle mtrsi tn anstl hom|a.d. bul ofmusi aDdrlldevenlsln llI hplrs. ns to th sLtjct NeN Yrk now we usl rlu t o0r hm in sint las' Quens. t lyhere rajrvls two Pninenl lh oktokla. !r nl kh Peson thatvitd oul m]n sainrA] bansws x Nlcstlel nmdYusuf$iikr0 Gnriiz,y roth.hadgoe l wrnljngmthin whi Yusuf (e nane wo usdto ll i), 'ast ol.eineth i|rl tlrat as, frrothererry of he wcnt t th Nlstligalenadat the nlsion th nrallr. in fridshi de. hjmselll Yusuf in ukisd an in1ndiatc trduen aivd i Ne*'Y.rk, he skno v]ped' sine YusD|hdrently in veryhlft]to him,espeiall lmn* nlh.ut ery adbom go' so lfter to ltinnd drilijr hin to th nan lcsh needd l thn mling, elr rugt ervriend ur homc:f Yusut il h b was lik entnnc Frd,lnsl. he was enbrad our nther.who '' cc|anrc& ..H|gldin aih ! (urkish for: wlome' si ) snses ughtto im lh me.ifintrmof urk]sh fromlhe as |u*h nDsi hard ooking, rve|l thcmldisounds as

' eo'dytrd{dhji stIe' onr fit imrssio! lhim was his siz: whn I sod nl to him,u uldntsefie' hl nighl.tere $rr no ]eftlers us t f enjothef,etdar. o lif,ily hadreYusufs laril.andlhoueh e rajndlos to h renls. susqut tlrc ersl Iindslri cascdh lDeine forh xmilyi lrkey, wrstling rer |asld shon timcdu to th ll ltvrst]incj it lodatj lras a crotesqu s ti'r'and whenYusufRas to|dthlhe had to los slre oldeled.lre ke]v lrdlo |ave h lh.o|t.'||c e\ful|'sttldin sulof lriagoandnarid lvelAm|inLadtjnlmd Ann, of,lin Ud the trdehe hd lemd in ork' fiet| |ound.'our ]5 lriendsit nt]f,ued nany ya*, untrlt]ty ao $ed wa, Ibr qr hden al soi]l.unlnln qelc c hd t a urkh g tljna with whra flidslri n y lsl dvtp, of DUring th rl |950's.ouz Rnr iirkkn.Pt,D', nd his wi'Gnntkin 0rkkan,cmclriedsolour lirmilyadwe o!rjoed lh af feliodpl!ed oll areDtsDtoIinkkn hddgrsnr La ad exelimetl Psyo|og, hd lug|rt oluia Univil nd at oI fricndshi iiUd thrscnltim, l Dringth]sirei1d n louth' m Pioou.dandtrordinary oJ iEIn i athie u* ad t elvl!d,ut i oldl vel tlrc i|rtrdulI' evcnls. {c mU* Iifly rfum to thc itlatioslrip |lhrelmilis: ou. thenimiaa,ndth Khjin' lnmjlis' h fixn]r!is o1.lhndship bcgln i r!' Ncw York' blore I rvas hd tJ m hGnifrians!ntua|lyved t]t it|NwYork, a\s had. and t KaIrajin lamil had nrled t lh ston ara I, rg ahji was the tlrelof, Nwalt nnian. and oul nlENit thKhjians nIinued nly as re$ntf.urlos le. lalj$i wi.h Lhnii |ail. eorge!d znii.ahajian had five lrild, yulgst naed , on nr Wltl1orv. thc Mssa. husltswn M]wastErc ofag.]e]stherfather. he. d s]nt| milErwxs Icflwilh fiv.i]dlnnddstitut, Uonhdill' frolherAiI.|eded nh lho l.aiArmeni,n hurcl u. hrhus hn.holre!r'a |o and.ul tehur.h..!ed ning|akol.unds l rtestanl lrurh huranitalia and romd esture. tlrefLhel was trliedwilh a hrislian srvi.. /, nssi' oung frter'wh ws tilld ivith gril.tbr hr lm]|.s|o$. eame trnrel angral hel lrurc demding for nrne fit, s sult. r

hrul nh(t'l.old hr dwrrd hji

e!tua|I hd l] fi! ol hr lrildrcnatizdjn th Prtstnt fcd drIiri]'mothr hch, ln spitof thti diffi|tis ^znif kPtherfail tgetr nd hr sleFjn'|aw Y6 |atcr'my mlhI,' Kahjiaa, ,,onsird.' aangeaDitdlion ofMry to M, Nwad Ganimiaa, tolh wlitI.oe d Mry ndhr nodrIlrad!ited utNesa ia i hm in Nw Yolk. whi .esu|td a vit to UrhDre sailAl rdi|visn didnot lum oui th wa dre..n. !s Unlfuntly.lhc t? csi |ask:Rhoxa elln N,s thLeea lstI,andt]rtime histnesnario raid . tNcol on M.1.', 1953'r nd dwrd$cle raiedin the lrurci|rWesl New York' Nwl' Wesm. syrjnorthdo ntl an e lgialan$Ylro lhi]rg tdeslined. is wilh hin la*s' tir {|r ary wouldagrel liv in lh samclrus mt !ltts. elo!d |rom hr amily,sho I fat, she bm FurdysaftrUrnt eddnrgannlvcsry,my wil lost daugtei. nd I lrelelo!dror.r' si mo.ts|tcr. lost father l959 wxs sith utur] l. hF our |ivesi ousinlAlbns hom,nlinucd mon.lnd olois fllm tinrto time*'e a|sda srinklingol..M so1Is lik t$ b|.ree gotaidI.. not t Nalulalltrhrd ntn reaso doullhe !.v olfi mih and nr wil, ut toughth any y ldnol *veL th al rdshis whiy wjfeandl h,d lo ndur.lan stt tns trem timlhlt m wil r lok creof]n agjngmlher hermihi whihst r'om rvlld o1are|or d]innrg tN nr a maner parent, cUsof Mr\ patinl ellfts,l ws lle to n]lI]l| bli gations oa loling son 10m lvedmtor0l ll in l|.UIhm sas aa lac*hermy mother ]ivedonnbrhblaad '1d t \Ykjng' to nlinud tendif,g ur homeandfrequntgusts whenry renLmed from Nork Ghe was lh s oe evening, Rhen she ecited slntma!g!fa s!enarke0' Ns notiel sh i. sint^ltns., founda u*lr aril hre anoundi,,Mom.I A ulk Nva| ollir. Dr, scdt Deinsu .d h sj1. noarthsint AlnsNavalost| lilra.adIntd anfunt an e had workeihr fr n eal air whih h hd to rtllt lo

Thcruo' Md

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Nau] n i urk. Ai1eI a rief co!ation v l M uldommuiale Tulkish y l]Phn. invnedlhm to ur i|r {'c lronrc, lw das|terth A oungurkishuplcvisildus andq be m mothr. lsli nd rter' .mPllestrg: w kN l. all jn mote.scquisil rbul then sas al e wele l,,-fisn. Frm urkrshooki]rg, oul scakin8 urkh. to our |aingurkh to i musi. usd cucsts lels th.ughtervewilh tenfmj|is o to in lstnli ul lh sI in th Uniled slales $s oig to n d ndlhtrdnur trul)'sadfola|lo|us' rvas O ' y , ' q , , | ' n " . , J h ' J ) , " ] , i , i \ | . , j o | i . d i | ' o . " |ighllrvNa!l |ie sailrgthurkh stxrxnd rsntnlm lhir s'As itad conwiLhte Derinsu e ou]' ]Y hadts'o r ' , L } \ , \ . I d o '| o | , ' l ' ] , J |' i | ' , h , , o j o | ] i | , ' l I rvokl th .a!lospil Dtorosman KdksaL. lgnxnt h rvif wil tii fiv.aF.lddlghlcr'!hr' renl.d a r s0dan.l8thc tonx] xPnmont ll]eNrv]os.rta|. nlr Rt]ng sd IJartmt in lh smcui|ding r Dr Nai arut,h wi|iil' addret lu ]nRr, 1959lrdrushed hcltsNitn thc |os f oul ea|ddaughtel 1*o anril mme.6utlh alriva|ofNo lrkh fxmi]iesr.ughi t us thstrn8lh lh mtawhihw. dcr| xld soughl he .oDnt|es mgnifit goina ak nr tim t mernoris t.ty ea an Dote dsIid oe hre]sultc it t sy wo met as stmgm our t]e fanrilicsnrcrgdinto n' Agin w m !t rtc|. str.nd lnr,to lhslami]ies \rh yemed te love tbr l thn rclive li]nr|ies ulke. so los \s our lalionshi, i llt te ksal lariL skd..l\,'lor'..as audnry modrI, thc t ..Mom', hose Dame ltEir nc{ly-rn fo| danghtr, told tnemthatin (jf, Bal]ksir, ntla oltomanurl)' e nae eli (pro hr uned Jel,n l urkis, ie: gazr|l),lrad en lavold lhis d eyln ]ivsnr lstanu| wnh rfmil,af,dsh s utiil|s hor nm,our umL hone srvodas ] lmPl lo hu mnit. shr ]!e in ns qujntesntill|on had man]fesld: y |o!cd other had lost hI tireanril duling t xlsnlphiu. halwithnrotomxn urkt, nd l d m lYhenlnh on rms rd mlhnt kses, se Relnd hi]dren the omr l

h lh

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Just to our Turkh r./a'ivzsad now iDcrsd lhEc |amilis, to N n hadcnin ottomsurky.s itntinus thisda in th R. pub]iol urt' so il Bas i]rour hn in sinlA]!s' Ne]v York: as ur holi&s lgthr. u r s ur W |ebrtd mufualr|igious wrerhngd.lh As nlioal ho|idas bnlhdats, fmilstoies and jys xnd s,owsof our Panls, erincs in onrn urkeyj to. glhrwii oDrUfullove,ur lmilisservds living Ioofi lh urkish.mnin' and amn8ou o|s: hmoniusieladonshi siiri(syliofl od)' t m ojnei|ed pthr illat the agsup lo th oint to ol hvrrvaled!ntswni spnaldthe aor lrom th iplin in h interosl th ulfurand hislory o| lh urk opland i hojne|ad' fie subsqucnl to of {k n beha|ff l ation bndall omprhnsin] Nnom my Amrei re|igiondspis o clmnting rvn/"/o,ea'] ofsil h |dto another. oephso offoft ]n dfsc f the TuIlGh ppl.

50

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lrs th is latua|autoiogmplr to prsru Unique hjlosoho Gs wd] smf the olrL' olth aulorw]drthe fim affinmti thathxtass additiona]h![ed, hih ontlarytthlahjnes l ljod oJ."//jkid' tlw thrmnincmmtrnit th Unnod 1|ro in stats.anroess e fBilhfu| 10 h.tians,Nhi|xl thesmeljmelhe} aresumd rrn hates thy nvo}r thirhatred ahseedjng gclati ofinnon{ minds']s beyodtlreoIensio of|gical he sil oniinrcs:or trurkish l.ami|is ea fiv }4rn t dr d . lh n 'ar nay i our ountry.th tim . Nhcn lh ]nitilN. amilis to efur thcirhlld, had t ra|ld h lwo Na!,l dcloNwere.oe Ietaed othIulkh Nx!a|d' trsad theil fanrilis. hd ail,red ou! lh vatcd and t Pan nrents, okt umlr kkntnd is i|e' A|n' took dt folr Dr rsidn lDr' oksa|'whosrvil. hadgivennth to auliftrl xy gn]' frljorr]em devlpcd whnth scnd tnmilu|dnotoc up thearuls.ap lmeDtccus ofdela in rejlingrd fr suioloffienr u*rl, Dr sclih{linoytlktin|. wl|eAyhan' h]s dthirn]a.yerld son,enk. uP ivaI i sait A|i, loul lmslvs wilhula resldene' Akketaft]nnt Dospxctbr he had 1r otereplr ad tlrehsnalhd immdiat lility |or th fjni|vhadDoof,her. thUnnedstates uttherwas idd in ,,mlhrjstr. ndrofir'..lilIe. with sur fw|cmin jy lhe young li]nl| 1o 5taal our lrnreutil til nntam a!!i|a]c, oknwlhI,ot]rl No thniow w weredsned tlrAklnl coule,It rvas old nd win'ry dr rvhnou t|e m to our hmc t.l1h ljrn lift hcn hi|dappard neN. aucsts s]thParenls seed lnr]us andfit th*| dtpti.8our om. |rt'oul hoe ws a o.fanril rik. ngih dor slrullre lv]l] saious romsad nig r.ms ti thn u!, h lheol the Nre nliebl hlusld ltera log fligtnom urk,Duringonr 5l

l old r dtridlhshji

th l inill greeiings' uldntlra! imagind rot[nlove lhlt sas w .ur to volvtwen lmil]sInvIresel, . nrdd., nd mily: motI. sisl'brothls. aradso \'ardssPoke lh At lh vIoutset eueslsherd fl|owic ur ,, ja rkh:..lvloe, hjldrn, ourhfu ll fu ],n lhr ry ndd l ntltd ur tufu to acn tlrenr, s shefrbrd *as $ann' lh m of rvlome tlrnr ttrew hm,our hre to Urkislrrusi'and th .om. Turk king, soud|l!s]rl the l]tingsolnd |a.h wId se ske'rlet l d]cnr i]n$edjl to rclifof drnwofty' elorc wc tok the upstirs lhtrbdroms' j rn s.mwnxlfa|teing nd I dlald we shrnd lhjnthe kithn. you ] huncry.ou wil| Nhccv| rkh. ..h th rigrl.r. nth dorde|ouse]!sio *xt!Iou desiru',, ir. nc hir sty]n our hmetasted m..l fort|r !alfrnt na|g\ihlc, m a!ille'o,|,,xzl /0 hdsbaE o,o,\| J'-,,e,o.|'i(, d.t.,'' D-'.gful\ durine{'hich rv wuld sa g.dy l th Kks!] and ant hore' ]tjIis' a|nilis' whil Wwl.mdtlrekkenl nnd thc |iiytilrijl sttets d h vcntwas fiIldflith demti.lIs, rordd on m tcIdr's n unlsuxl nr, adjn\lledMr, llalry !l, an]nLlrk. shatandhiswif,a: aIDladth strnrsed 'h plelNe l tlr lbur $milis, uffetwas for h instnnrt, th wilh a tnld wit|lulk lbods.Pastris, flora|tl, en nd wiih redd$hile t.mpllcrn ndulkh agi |e. ie a ncnifintpl s tltin. h vnnrej and s.fs fin]| ,,na!y'' an to n ondwilh dI soshrl sn e urkh .lrav,,rfumdl of drted. while ! nw ontingt te lrkh yelr It\ysnrattofsimil'rnahns olr shre tivslr anoer Us enliof,ll, d etwee s]hattin r whihrught togt|]er Dr $ !r, |oscto UIlri|]s' wl ille. otlrlu5 utu]. o. ad ljt. soft soken, erteml hospital lory etil iD dre knhen usd adveee]ltultr..kd n Prdoicll udiffnes )ljk'''urkishrvoldfor brothrhod: weem a.d md o o posiE ends of lh vo d, narina|' ligions. and elhni. '.k. gloundsvl di|erent wls a Navl oftr' I sn'dlvneb h I alse ofr a]th; hd cn dtor, had sl0dldotc|ran mD. | cc'nc estauranl h t gemt: ltaind Iank oalja' 5l

u* old J.trdwtrd*ji gri slel lusi!Ns Yrk hle Netlss, $e|t t lv AnthrmJr dilill enveen ws.scIehtlin e! us ad hly smoker' d I. duringdrsey,nd u lo tepsttlnL.ot lon e |te' find nokinc reUlsiv d se|f.dcstxti!, ut il u]dnot lesen In |o! nd hich steer i?,,, Dr, slhnin fol niikiinl' rviI. is ursl].Ahan, mcintrsted theli1of if, my notherandhel wtnnpri!esj thextenl Io lhlt m! igts ]yhnvryoe goneto s]p.,.Mom,, lrad an h wou|dsit nr eah othrand Aylrn would rig l arnr lhr,s mmoncs' ller ntescmr bok uIishd urk. for wi.h she wn ,n i aId 0E k Miistryofultue, td nd !r blvedguslsoved Bfur altme ejne i. !hdayas I uld ringry ofmwrk (i|rtos as !v lrxdno ar'sids' nenheo|us coulddrive).I wilhutil Wou]d fit so tn' D/.',} hr ndhxvkh.ol]i rvirhselattnr nd Ayh'elhagie uIdil vcnls, h nljnued *'ith]v| d vls. ns lhlt wou]dinludth Akknts'h monlspassd so raid|y y uldnl eliveur sparatio dmrvi.8!ar, wnh ono iht ws nl rmainingelbre liIetulr to U|,ky. smon sogcned we spend ur..fil..onts toelr. ndwo did on even]ag' I ws ]e, real d n dJi sltmcnt s I n t.pltsllg olr ctcma|love d oul desoilo$ fr thcirde fur,For added efl't (erejust hdl nl).at th bginnine and nd l te reolding. .dd t sond.l likjng |k.I had givea onrnrtiol lxr8]lto ordelaiglamily s|eht. Ii]radreciprocld h wn veryrtionnl witn mnts rordd in e daysssd quiklxsih sdnes in our hr ejne i|} asinglnotj], fill dinnersilh ur rhrcelarilis. sifts sent l lti!s nr urk]kjng, te!lu|]nIes. thnlhuna!oid. nd bl smlioa' one final estu o lo! lrdto cPrcssed, son thingwhih usdtota| sulpise Dd vf oemln,l rsoses: s en Yeiles rveluito mo!' N trplidlwo saus $tc|tothcslrel,as a sfibo|iwh fr a safl'oulny, s was Ihe uno of oltoan urky. so il ontinud in ukytody' ads it did in saintAlans'Q!ens'New Yrk.'., 5

l old ht dtld

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o v a r d t h e e n do f | 9 6 l o u l s e E | a t i n s h i p s 1 l i t h n l e ] r k i l h N 2 . !]nel nn nd.as eah|lh !1Mdial ffieis af,dthirfnrilis uI to |rrnilishdIelurd u.ky Nvrt|ss, onllswllh ah s a.h |etter Nou|dsrvel r. to fai] ntinu th da frail. b nrerelth anymmoieslrrhed eofurfmjlis'Mon ot as en f,nn &,de'l', slhxainad re' th oilesde I hjh surd n aus oflhe snlilalit ol ou. hrtr. be |ur lotheNuld $rite t us i ukjsh.d l wtrld ]ie!e.h follos'ed wilh..svgjIiKrd$im.,.(nr elovedbrothcr) rcsd *'as ritle ftsrnm,ut tlrermsidrft,oiltspod hvys in glish'wnn ithd gun,laa nl s.uta damewl]. l lowingtIresa|uulion wol|d rIna fw wlds'thna fw sntenes. d lft e nnd vnfuall. c',)? /ell./ i, j'n,*isl. se|aanif, ,,. ditinary xiih ha! !$td m nr m ulkrsh omositio uk elwensrnine to nr..llrl'ul ul lhere a fuljor dilercn to .jf,jns hilrInkig lamily matt'and rrsion fser]us siglifia, l s medinsuesofhli| Inilsdlhuknh !tsf lii' my dePnd enirrfdto th doslid ha! les ]n ene e lrkh dictinal' tjfie.eam essary syt js not an rsltsaknd \ile lh llkh lguag hxr taueht ad euggrrtin, vlumes. omositi olry IN Tuislr is on hcrcthalI ronvind lidolm humlforls.lf]strted llkh, wuld}ol suts m$ utiful languags f th ivr|d qfl m digr$ lm thonliuit oth]sk. laterat un! ul]dnum of nretnrgs' nfIns. and les sojl funlions. qustonwhi.h nsfi|ldme \'nh d nc ulks ha! as*ed th sr .s long to cmotinT queninto lh |ettje ontinus e: hasn ensinou.ve]ftlstnul?', lf,stxd th wold. taa|'hxd urke} enmntiond,l.d of ]nd m ciuse djtio, voaulaD'' mv dl fe|s honord, In of theodm lrkh |nguag' dditiD, Uc,vea] kf,owlcd Lo al the ot. I lhought vcDm rn urky lnd hvr] Amcrinld,h]ater|ue. tln. Iida

h nth i!ru* |d y.di,rdrlhji

wit thc dcfuie.|fu Akktd thc nyiiki]l familics' lhc ul l0r |an1ilrs ulke, inEsdt nv' he fifthfani|r ii hd mnsd sIahad,slose frid DrYl|nmz rljol, of h wili Yudaku]'aDd thi sons nk af,d Gr9k.Yi]maz had nreto Nork tor nc r at th Nava|osjta|aDd sin h and se|tDnin hxd eenlse riends si]rethire in the Naly nd Mdia|shol, e} oupied oflh !cntaamenls. n ad n As bedur]ngthe l v ious cj muhl oDr titr was s]rt eh i]r Agin. n yr ]ler'anolhllllu| s|tin. nlbt nd
,n'i'J c1|1r,old l ., " l , \ o r ' J i , )

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ang uI fmilis'wnn coresondn ].om urkey. arig we wrc skd: ,]ve ;.,a gli.?lv,l,? cnlfuol (Wlre aI u mjngl We ,r waitrngl).. ea ur fmilisd rclod !s For 1o ilh si ]gig, thirwh fr Ur rcfum to ur lzld' (our Mlrld). modrcr v0 tlLmd l lh lnd|hr illh al hd Lrlevingat thn]Lio theNr er drfu lNaseento f ad s c t f o t k Gs i | n d t o s e l h e u k h s k ' j u s t o n m r ' h he tin1 ne Ren iqaryd l wcrsUEd ofsi wksva aliodulingtsu|n|nel. w hPcdto fulfillher ljli drafi.o\Y s cvl odrnrg !v sid t Mom woul! enal hel to fl re Ns dexlh| afr]d, ^s lgusl of ]963drw]sr o ocouldlra! nvi nond th mnu]ncnlal lrPctn ur lj!s, espeilly nine] m.lhr at teli]news ale t c for clt o. rry wo!|d vn hI i.equntl, y N frcc ftt Nft' hrervasso muhto nd gilts l'orur tinnilies ulke, ir|in don s|rpnle loths. fr nr tike, *orls ftera|l, d was lwsean and lreis o evellhig] }s a.l.,,il,e l t th. ]or1/,,?e/,.!,J elor l tshcduld dp0ltnle, l lhxt tim thomwereno dneLn stop U flighc Nith rkh ^irlins lrn hadl e ifond' tlreot r. ri!L. night number'lrkh n|ies fto FDkful1to lstnul,, whn wuLns s]e'Wtlo wuld sl?lARY| Wcr ar lhc ^h. utofou6e nolh]ng lblgott as Prior 1o |963 lcrc d nl Lyo nmjIr.jets which l hadornsd, otd my vcr fist rvrilta as of osnno resujt 55

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wntt! l thcurkishNati, Th lit lrdena Pro urk]sh]itr ( and Amnin n\spr op fNhi was 1kePt)' l send. thrcpesl lhe jnm ] Nlenr I.]965.l iad wrinn(ryped), ml Gins4 h ad e entPsidelofurky' his r|Lny yer.ld mn.hoingi p|tss a oiisdec flo a lhjfly'three h love tr all thinesulkish' lo the lsideloI.urky,|l ws lI' whjhl tok al8durinoul nt !it lo u lltrcr ofiespondef,e saingthtil wold inrosilefol ky,y lovdsad,jokd. po||y an ^mriani lh Prcsidtl Ie| ! le!r rnj unkno\n lo |ensonn$|d n semdil|ogil dratl ut I fiad |clt l l 6e o|evnts readmysjnele|elings' Now.lh redetnind $s i altrlhinrpli| dntin ]Yr w aboul gan noting ad .d rvrlil]dwithnxnfl.l t|] ^ ncw i lhc p|an' efor slep had l e! |ikesf shih Re had nvrPrincd salyt joous plause ntd my mnrd,lre ulkish 77 ]ndn we l.kd f,er nd.i sarhing fo yth scnsc With ehstep ..Loktlrrc] lt,soklaI,. suddnlyry |imd] hcn w saw slnhat1]n, Ayh' A'la. osmn. sd.D. Ni' cian iiind. h G0l, e lrildEn. vn vljn, slhltin,s \yrclt lrrcl okta evea flowrsandehindim weres!ml newsPlcr rte Nith elas l]singl z,,ral./.J,i,.I]z !t, , Whn lh egaa xsking r qustios. elizedlhat thir wolns werenot |oreign m] | lndistdtheil qustios, to wnh the -Wfiy did lirstn ein8] frr 0rk?'' ou Desiley deelycmotiDa| state' lh grofd. I rc. i a ln. lar,ad aldil voice,Yes. th udlodeah |id for wold.ll of]t i urk]sh I sh]lnol lrgtdlosonrDts drerst .ur emras. of and vryoeas imatient ur kjsss. lr veryne in la, oLtrjo}!s suprfo. vs Urse tth o]n|howe!r,Ihvr to tke mtadaddabrie intduction r' vaje Mllgosan:V,rqn ndh wit,wh hd t \ho Rere bm in and |ivdthil Art' Nrc lhi Ame]s, sn. nl*n} .j/i.z,J, so c|osewIdriiiikiin| ctil ]ivesas eae|ul

h rulh ' e

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d Mas fmilislht sveotye! aniINhn slhtind bom srioDsly e sidle flbwnreto varojn:.,]LI di' I en. i|l' trus 'n thmilylo YoU fol safekcingi rmne you will la*ale l then|..ol oulsvj adrmisd wilout sedhsil. lio. Tankfully, thugh. tim sInhadnd rco!rd'h lwo in friendsrcmaind insatal werc fien families vaj ad s s cn mnerulomhanic Nho hdgunh businss hu|nbl on lve]but panded ome l !ry su$ful,l{ ad is familt arinludedin ur vreig fajnj|. ad durinct' vnils lo New Ylk l hdsIed ourhoe, i

II,.,. }sideil hs Braflld 1ou qn a|!{|Ie ''-was urkllvion slil| nol lDnemontwould vnit larjeue tiom medi coveed vit xle.5ivej ur in itsefl ycas.Ullh rint ,,i' (nr!)j onr luggage wereslamd: tn da,ou PassFons
to N?s sutd' nd s l a mgd y lhe liljs.wc began dil! l whi|e h wil Al was driving,okta sok th foll]vjng ..dwd,we a! surrise hts oru.tlrPlsidnt mnld words] sof yu an udi.., y sur]yh hadto joking d l dnisscd sttrnt 't. ,,t]N th$eathlin Istanu|?.. n]yinesually, wn okt esgitid m} indif.cnlnd rcpled .,l toldyou l P|zJ;/.,hs,grd to cnphs aword lre ultercn] tl was onl thnlattlrnaningol whll h hdsaid,sl.k xt what1hadjusl to e' ndstill m ognilivIes Rls Dnal Pt ur As we oniinud driv t th kket hojne'our qlstlos r ndlss lh nsv ould not holo b'n|ear'n m! ut ow dN Rer N ingso grxtlhoEd?hre sas s mind. in l nuh l neded ask,son0ch ofusin my mind.adhowuldI lo e ted sekv]th ountls rclalvcs md flids.|.r cre fhvlngomL|, |amilies? ADd s if tn diitiultca|lg otnonh.I was erpc.ledtovrnithlrignkingkh li. igl\l |fi1? ||ho? t|? ! sj1c'd}rd' Wh t lhc age f !tn u d e ntsak asiaglNrd |urkh. will os hvcto ae Prsidt and rss lv fr m 0eslra| nr t o.lrk, t]o* o|dl enr jny adlibomnrenls inioDs ]nentthc ad Wo|d ultura|olad? on othc nraolNitlr whn rv{' to havrivte iteresi vationslW$ tlr rcajihni|rg] f. l unehvl Rrherlnandlotmortimeadso 11 fiedi. lbrt Dr' oktB Akkent d sr{ih gole]nntnt lfis,tlr fovtt|]Pro and !nging ties*nh iija, I wi|l, inslad, kDeNhoL' okt ad fol gI }hlh had n DIpred us, vcryon

58

hruih Ill . dd dtr[d shji

ked.nd1| greed.nlyhe ouldhv lrivd mhi suh s Annwh has!r lrady ncd10spndfine in o!m. menlalotie oIanwilLknw wll ow difficultdc!n csc ang an xrien th a be' okl ]vslnvned |r haljng l aplt}tor clting omiiatd mttds rsolvd']s retisein. |uddfangmg neeti]rgsw ith gvmmenl l.liia. nxerg \sjl0l onlats. muhmor'lhus he took hIge and ofUr itinraryis in vo|veret ment hadt sPend morctimwithhifr thnWewel we fI l to e with our lhIthe fanrilics, P]es arin mid thattlre tlphon neverstoped ingigcusc friedsand lllti!s l Ur familiswere h!t]a|l lqusting l vit fien hms, us Mary nd I immdiatel leanddrtitoDirPtio' urk hsitaIit nd ]s re]naiN for l1 time.l,zqll/d I| we !n irid to r$isl wnh the ds.*c wereadeto f|as though weroofttdnrg osts, \ oul With ll u lravead .tc auihorso lif' !n U im8r how s ]nuslha! f|twhntho Inl|orvie rognr r. ws g]vnto us y okl krd i ,J] ]s accllcc Prsidenl vdl say rv l I. eivus * snmcrtsidn. in tul. he ay| of |sinul. I:ahri^ey, h lfies, h inin Ptiarh(Lhe at late)$k Klulsa. PatIiIh ofth Amnrn uEh, ,'. h rnd Muiii l. ktanul (he eing lh hjghesl nsli lri) ,' zki MnIe,u k nrstl!d !o.ll tfamUs fcmxlvoa|ist safie h lisl goeson, eoassing vrnal nr olhe mo! ndshakrsukhsociet ]dd mywit.and welgiveninvil. l lios to vit uIousmxgnifint musums, aw'isiing mosqus andaoaluid, rvr W teni]oltoAkam, illal dm]ssion lh natron an]' atth ity omia wh nxrdud nret lsl No.rs with drive6lok us andurlrsts or ht] the to ]n ntri th ii' sighl seing'eutifu| rsturanc, ieJbL sel. !1.dlet|e.uls]c' Wamhospita|rvh] ad densdsit]oD sodl We had o tim for rPine' Was this all dram1 f|tdl I h nt mmina'lh 5t ufrgnl l our li!s *'as da xbolt lo bgi|r: AfieI cxcllntreak]n(wilh hosts,* rvr
' ]lc, \-.aj d d 'd v i t' q..,o rj\. d, Lj toj' , 'd ,|r!I pi,i,' |t J hJ' d , , ' |l a h i | . | |( ' ( P w e ' g ' . .

''

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o| nrusolum tlr loud l.th |ktl esoadto the cPansiv 0stafaal tatiirk'lt rvasa yIr, sun! Reuli. nnmoflal ih n innk :we eI sndingonsl d 8loun! he Lnd flmoon An.ri., waqutt|]csize l! rounding m$i! Usoleum lh *'aIkd stes, ootll fild, W ul]ed in frtof Lhelvhitmarl ol mtlrusads itizswou|de in aandan ricl eremn]s. surjty offi,a rtnol we wIse|omdya thre{tgneral. W a tjcr, dourhosls, nticed lIgeouqrcl offl$ied by to a lodrd and whil nbbon ltachd th onelthe offi,\nh mgrnlon th lin] redlh ltt I"l (ournrmo slld ' i. u ). ourctmg hadinvitdus 10Pnitj.jt p!l bul lh so|emn ]nmlia| rcry reselfuI rsioDa|ng ltn legih1. shih housddr ]narblcmaus' t t|reaproh lh hugeslrulure th w cnt.d arhrd tml] sne as th lfrIad ad tlrt]owin linlofthe mf,umnlw a|l o*'e. ouredsandr ild our ra6, FIm hre \Y lvr takn to a el ]m whrc a ,a|! ' .,|o,"dL1O|n,d|'v""h,\|,\rP, p1 i ' dthir def,ls. hads nd ol'sll,sould. n llI.theiriins, o fol frsssags ofrcstd riendship the peo.] xnd eo!mrt At tatnomn! l Ns left rath|es|.d jnliled to wril in Bok t]onr As sts | ns, m \l lhouhts rhlt sFci3| 2 tas anr Iir, m words,witt jn aglt, }l s i]lLs] .W, 's lh hj|drn olatso^mnia d snlanj(snn o in rdo) ackgund' thirnmhlv om1oourl,a]u/d' (Mot. and Isnrgoupr.|oundrcsts |o! tbr u'te and her I|af,d), ppl... fir whi | signedbolh ur nms,All thathas end. slicdaole an bc nfinned ]vsaai|soDdhologhs]n ]nysssiondinehiiliDwlrihRrIldscriedlatcr s As stu]aras vit l lIaNas,ljs servd a jL e werel f]|ow durjgolr tnt s vnts wj. udto trulymzing da,u *'am nd er' tlis t our /,.,'zlz,.l UIk,he |l|oNing lt ntstp. utiiu] th ioushslsesned to thio fol oul us in|udd ur oflzrnir. n lh oastoitu Ageans ou goodbes olgmlnud r{hcitn,iend nd eprs]ns |alerv]|emrfus sir , t i J d t o , J y e o , d d l , o J ' t , o ' , o / , , , 6
''.'1d'Pp,,, ] n. o i c ,-| ] ,' a), nj|' 0I

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l^ (.m rod,h,J,'.' 10|,\|l,||,||m\, t |J'ide J , o , | n cf p 1 . ' o \ " o | | v 1 J D ut to rcat ilsll] aulrile ]vith ilsdli!r. to Ulifulhotl

w rvi!ed,offcia wcrgain sninc .r us nerth

jn l i0/.vedrnre attndd Urouehos, ughlto ur s y il suileNit n vNt]minc view lh egeansea A if.est ddo\ toth lbndourhosllooRus fol di]rnI, hmstinsPn. ingevntrvih lok pI!durietlrvit 10]zmn,. look |x o|. lh l,}(o'ths fre ou htoft rli to ke' Dr, kknt hd skcd m to reva| |aes wuld like l vil' gelhrwnh |nanul,An the w kr,and |zfiir.l hadmnlined we LYou|d l.nrclyhpy thrl to vil/! (hesu', wihis thsne |nre lssdvnein Mary, h hm]Yhih slands hign mu.lxinnarlh n |lzmnase o t deslinlion Dndrds thusa.dsof lisjto to lh urkh of hmo]ndIt tkout l\o hou. ut dlilin8 on Nindlng nxmw r.adsu a..lrn]us'nounlai]r s ft]htnine, sth lasI' } to Al the sile ! yl manylur fr mnyountries, ,nd |oth eardc.s ladingto r hom,w sevrlersedlg sicnsi vrios ]ngugs. rvelljngdrruthenliityft sora]|ston house' *' entered Imes fell a divine| s ence]lh singl As $e its omhadno fulrins nd a simlUtltifu| ]tar was rePared ]vjthflowe, and]cs. dmrdd nes'rut.hesP]ted igainst a ad rll..s man]r mlcs fl\cn n1nrles. hristilns we fll we s J e A ' ' L , , . ' ) , | . , , l c o f o d , A 1 o 1 ' , o , , , i | r l i | , " l l.als leanrd t|rt urks yho aIprdminnt]yfth 8 Rls lh os. irr |aitlr, ogniz le lesd Vnein ary as lh fiothr o|Jsus hrt and s les!|t'ks make! reljeious p]|gr]mag th hol t h foll]vjn8 d' le govemret invitlion was to mto n d' Wc $r told Dr' ii,iikiinn|andh fm]| vas dnvie ftom thc Tu.kisNva!ase of kdru' takus r to thil f t |ikesir th ilytvhrcm sainnyb]ved nolher las bom at thl tim in lho rl 19005. had e! sall tow You a it imaginem eit]nenl the mel touht ailin8 t Nhr my t of motlre|rs mand|ayd a hildinlhhfieler lamil rhad rs 6l

l o'd y d{fd'rshji

th to b towrd cnd ofAugust. 1968'$n in l quictomer.t lh ktaillolng l our lrtel,lal at ighl' 0r rkh hosls blughl nd h \yife thn wondelfu] lome1. !s. to a d,DI, nnknai haD (then sn k ws last !s|e atir |ng ar tp tiom kedru), ]nit Mry.and|. werslldsipineolrtrl,klrof' cmotionxl ountc. hol0s, hough for tandte,It was deel friends andno\ ourvisitt lznil hdnil hadm]se u|c\ho hnd llead t wre autlo J,,?,d.r l us aDolhr At enin o heans,ndmmtis, theo]ut n l.urlDgcnv \]nbrr.d. ksed fi1led Nith moistees, slio. stodu,smjIe! we hllEr o othheeks' sdlywil oul os' lnd we rkft. sPkolr tjna| he etmomie'anr ] \|eadid nd dpanedfor fare]Ye. nlld sel'hatti s ar with ou |uggag jn Nlv Yrk duligeierin is.I d pulscd a|ikesir, oditi. snx Als Ir rvsa i8 1955helrolel' stjll in Llet ]v!s plasanl rlieNd dr urk towsand s h fouhourd.iv omtrsidnal the Asean sa ti ws unc!ntfuletlor in inidl'lt ne!r riledttnlin le urkish e unl.relll i ]vrili!s1 hverg'v i|r nred], regrfuly. nr vluinous and whih n trul dsd ljosl, ts i,Jl'i.d,l th resitin vnths Iind ]n he. m]ndDdsul e!I sinc 1963'd durinedr]le' jn thed. ltdesrvs: o*'] fferil in threonitioD vgeta!ni Ns one ol it l lDe. ould se a laads |uuiant \l jas'crtll platoti erapcv urk,sny vi]1rds' massiv Ic lhe mostde]iious s*'tners growi rerih sjl ofth aDd Danos so lhat |rm lrc uirish hmlad, ad al onpointcm prson midslllt hugcfic|d' se sealcd wnhilh rtveou|d his s]hatfir oughl r to sl]YstopanUw nd q. lh womanfillig hr baskc ritlrglas'D.. o $s midnl.gd steped of t|rI nd eot |osn.ugh to oui slhltinBiiynkiiDa] ..Iyi gnnlr o!e wnh t sfiiling lil]x8e|. etig her wilh reii (cooddad!d un0l.. Aft a r]f erlrane' my rthr infomrd lh geal|c ld lhtr ]Yithlhngli fctlrale an! hls lamilywrsot]g Am. a|ilesir so iht w would vit th inhlaeo].m' an eueslsto molhcrtnt]ig w.r lh chi|dno|Armnjnnd syrian dral wlrsercom in hthom|d)' otthdoParcnls

62

hr Trtrlh vonhenid

]'d!!.d ahji

se]ihattin IcqUcstd purchs lrd to somgras lorslo lasle ld ln baneagltaten, epl s sio nrs shc ch 8nl| ,,Shtk cl^ifred: e dlk(what ou meansll?).'shthnoa. do hued, ,.heI ouguesls. i]drcn. ANNo sLL tiM our l 'lhc this tme s had !l] spij|edut l dr cI, Ieived r gilt. f,ormus etsd our deePapIeition, lhn sumedur xd jou.re, y lvdt..r,/li/4:e.' (try blovedIovii] uno, thc h andsouloldre uk|]Nati.l do tknowyo0r amand mostljkl outlrs BiIl nevers gnt, b|re $ond I a t lh kLvldge kid.ssmd loling, Purehe]n.belusei Augustof lr ]q68.I eam oll |oljf,gsoN .Withul kow|edgo' Dr s]hattjn omuniard lh ofie had witl] |th Mo of liksn.giving inlnnatin ].ur firstvisit to our cst|"l homland, requesld fw riules nd a ofdr .s limc by rlvjag t h ofti'As dlle we sarvtnrsl ofmn lod ngns lvihintdued: likesi] W. '.ckdor lro,|i |.er, 'h,,.i),i!,l, '.'o'., nrdcnald la dd our afrmdalos wereerft. An th ncsinsivrc.nIDdd rver lYr drjltolhnoltayr, lal]. whit aird.ere| and most oldia|PsD Nit lhat inhrnt' wanulkh ynile' Ao a erclhn. h drv in h aI!dga! us us n insi8hfi|] lourol Nlrathd.ml mlrn s hd ana fiany tifts eibt, oul dy tvasni|ed wilh sigh!selng. rjevealios with olfijals d ilizs wh d. vaid notins'It Nas nrrdNit th inilial qualilt o lad ulk lrsitliry. mor so. lat th ole jn a]ikelr lr ul saking Amrin!isi16 lN urkh. Man elie!d tlratl hd l enb in ulke, imrigated theUnitedsttsandrturned to wlh r Ari wi|e,lt idantto rc|nemer thrlhnthlot illatj tcr l hdwlilt t the fmer urkish Prsident' efforts ha|f fr o fte urkh nlionwrnon eristnlad lh o|y.dunrentatin,. ! d !r me'in nd nwsacl ani|s whichd rnrtd nce fiva| in urke, When it rovdto c in1anan!' my l,l'.] slhltin woD]d eagny themto our hsts. shw We $ e!tua]|}driven lo l Mato.s olfie,where k o gjls.o roth, presnld stonld yprsnt]nc wnh ns us h 6l

MY GR{PsI..

lu*dd y Edllrdshji

u*h ls' d f our m. hand. us wi$ th wond.fanrus mnmentof flowe on glss nd eold ,i]ling. Paintdrnriarc his Nork lrt hngsn ur ]ivie rmed with mhogany, uliful ..oltmn'' nd ulk lo.m r'11to th da, in olr mos uniqu ennenhad !r lisned !rky. th ]h hoe' huch Prcsidt !s |o!dhim nd whh did. it wxs mourrd naulkh o|e on.dol|ar oins' w hdtkwitlrUsseveLennedy tionaLtmgdy. whihh del s N gav orc to lh aor s a,,,j? (keske). d n,', dI'rtu I'essions.l rLiatiD al.l!ljon. lbrour rit ron nr elovd l ur ll ros ndreparti I wndri|l wi]|seheragai,

cl lsoi olYalova. Nhih rs o lhe shol. th sr of amar,' he lndsape. olorndaImol thc sea,lhehlek andcom'no dr ,s dtions. sr as rne|rig lhFcole,LtmindedUsol.trr v cil t l{".*lda(hndfnds). alzffn' of,thAcgaBst.ime and dtnninlhadt!n'ed | viling t rnh Pla.s t lhc ' s t Adj'.maa, nd.ut (|i]?j), fufailies'nafiel:$liufB' to o. cvigwe !'re tlrn t om oI., |osfrild i $j]i. A| (s.nrnlrnas okt nran e!]Dr, zekiijy8ur andhs \.,,,, |Lk,,t\J\,,ol l i | ] ,7 . , , , . ' s s lnkodution and uI liliendsh] t rlDdl. our hcfi.wamig ti homein sini lans'Nes York, oIhanling to thc hmld wsonit re an ndas o depts to nncient ivilizalions oLmaf,y fu|d'.o,e *i'|oJt'hlnJ,oc,Lr,'d|trci" |'i. i, J|' sesin. w wouldnot h! nalel pr! vnlsof threlr h rrtjs our rctun to o i d1Unnd siates for wereopleledjd lh vel nna|da lUr hlri ti 10lrky. m yel I Iugt o mor surr: havedesnbd 1965lear b lho rvslcr rcc|!d m inumnt Psident urke:no sose ol lre th offiy xmil. Nhilrsure| oresondnc' rvd rd]ln! mej rfir a|1. sas tlrPfosident' he lak of a pihadot dispoited ]Ltuse ie]yqs not rei!d'did not manthrrYasno ,? a slo?. Forasittundout.threinddwsamgi]ief,i,tpLy,..

t dd y rd}d l'ji he da fl oDi darture.F honoltd eucsl afived t nre Ak]tI lr]twas sator sadi Kq$' aulho lhe ofa okon lrk ish Aenia histo|nd rllions' grted us wnh uh Iest e ddepftintoldusd]atthePreside.t(hlateeml iiNcl) hd indenei!d my lner' thal he ws trc|n]y ovd y y nalrts' had rquesled ok lritlen . lh suject, and ! d thn snt.r$urdus tlrt lllr.Nhih hadeein itsentiret lhc ln for nid ]n lh bok, was lsnsi|e tlr ook om]nginto is l sntdme fith isIid plh bokdduine |ongon!xlinI urgedijn to hthe ok tnatednlto lhr |anguaacs, on.modaoutmy sfty. hdnot i|udd hc m.me t tlrend l the iett whltuonI ins]st d it e adddin n fulure lr rint]ng. ! rcveldlht aftersea.hing Us orrhreye's. rhe,d dlighlod findus nr tantul, to ^s hnord |escd w w lor haling lh sntrlisjt ad s us atth h ofur osls.wilhlt aaagmlio! n slalhtlr t \Y,sequal| ifntmr lo.sed eet l to lxe wnh theyoune to \nl ]vhse ltr had,tld higm*nre rkh ofliials, md as a resull 09 g ]storial onrilat]n publhedin i967, Nl {'as jn onLywxs m um| ]ettelInrId Ijl]l,ut in ddilion. wnhin lh tntagesofdr ook th uthr kid|yfrs in mostomli l ]nenlary nr!r3nd slaleslear| thlmy Ienrws ided rson tlre fr nrc ook l writt]t ws far ndr ailitto cPrs t is son{okngenl|enr tcnllny galifud aprcia!nj lh and And theD. otherdfrur. Iomsto stin tou' sith he l mrn]f,g a and] Nl at th iofl wil oul lu. ande of our fm]lis seus ol r,]d.'i- oklry me lo erc Iunnin lrvrds w r tedd us hnds, had|enh |fiein ldr to Psnallt .li photoglphs whjh h ]v!tedto P|a in o!. hnds oethelwith lh Prilss its' a! hl album showasig nragificnl P i]ng ofth Ayoya Drcu]n n lhe v|.dpitdin lE dirsina| agrving' t dav. it o 'tm]nsas ne oi o mosthcrishd smf Posessins' dlar'ing ur fiosl ufolgtt| mois' heewas no tnn to vi the!ho. s as t *as !|n to trlh scgelgate,

h.lth l belld } [du'drlhji

Anr UI na| ebresand kss |or olr lvdarilis' slow|dnEds on Akkeal.Kijks]. arut'oul sts and iiyiiknal, boardlh plane'w foun! our stsdlh s*nl ofo s exl ies gnlo tkhold ofour senssAlr. tlrciturslw hdtosee belrvlhis what hdenrordd nl. how lse ivouldane lfu|Unlieva|e eric]hrlh {r h atmo at,,]', (a.n. (Atfurknrausoleu)] tlre sinnrg ook ol r]oaor:ih An vdet sa' nd zti Miil ; safie A|ai Prsidn! nianPlrirhi jl ws |1trelN, th whlelli lrad l ena so U ore gathEdin m miDd W]|lt Amcnjns sa tlratI Qnslions se'icslN' lmosilc I had rvsusdy lh urks fol agndx Lov!. ln Ari. I t|rig olfer ulk othethanmy |itlrful to th xd no wealt' flnq and nre!so|.innun.]ng urkish nano l]!lityolih uk it Linin nyN Therfore' dt drilnrL h hecn lo rei!]vilel and olt.rit nr lfum,jusl l.r on

VIII' qiul'lliB hom, |h r|lni|ude of 1 .jion

evenls e !i .halerhas dslicd os l. re sigifint rvhi.h hd lakenldtrring tsl v]s]t ur aneslri. our l uiturl ndhtria| homc|nd.lh Ruliu, *hl oithe st th mol, ]es? l nol h!! an lig,tjto so ma th Do indjlidu for then kjndes d snr|tfrindshiD? e|ievI doi I theynk dsrv lanition dre ofie lYondatttiD. wnhjthe for ' of our !it Io urkey !eysi', and *.r.?ei./i&litlty tlns iod Latd: |ove. and th rod/siljnghd. pl!i|d vr}hr v nl. All lt ws knn aboutm, wif nd as lhatwe we le hiIdIcoartwo lirmilieswos ofith hadnthati Land to hilr WE lftrdt as .na!timiz', (our MLhellad) lhis ad had Fre$edi uk, hc rcsPons ol ulino!enrt thurk Gvrflrmnt, mdi,.ad o]e. vefllninc as n as wasjprvdto b mereIa .r]udrlo unimagina| outless elts l !v e!r ttmtd 1|ain anon mnin|i lo to lh blonrstas hveld an eft lhc d!lomnl lhat on orfry inlrest adlv for thurkis peoLe, yeN, thrug i For et. sive,pIsonL medtatin' havc tricdto omlcnd |ehrgs l m nd l h]str' ojlivety As as lvsnainie ulkish.rmenin ] havosidId ne]s al] lnd e on|]eit oalusioa l osil ha!aivdl.ihatilh.s!L]eethWiIlofod' .d it i benlI lenrof 1965'riltn to dr latPltsi dn1ofi|Gnel,ttcsus]]ous, tlrnial, ndvnlhe envi o, woL|]d hvjusl ae to sa N4sitin wardslh ulks has bnrdild tc eptin 8i!en l ls jn urkey.utthsex. lj! ]nrnded individu nthdinglhe Ami..at|thnts,, $ould e *Ing R YARS. y rofund Ielio tlr fol .ulkh Nlin aal]m odralion tmalhlred!s raDilstd ol b lh Armenians ofthc Unitdstalshd eeteI] sated in m

|l. th \iun he o|d ! Idlyd 3shii

jelter ]965 is snn|e !tlnnt' ndNj|l evere rfuldlM Iildaf,ntl rnrilcs hav een omulatd y ]n od, ny r!ts. jt dlhe ufi af, ln] ulkh peple. " ' i , J I d d t ' | , | o. i h . L | , . L , ] , ' r r ' o . , l h o n l A n ventsnd mrdjf,ary tjis ow wclr elng to desi tse rtin Mryad I Nregivenbylhpldtlrgovmmnt te nl to i|rulkey? w wrctrulunte mrehnd fonsls maf,y and tlre most cst the roumentl tl]atwas sull inutrd. ole. questi ewildrin oIa]l]WtlY? lhen ll M culd not fid lh |oei.lplaDatios, ho {ould nd ut lh eNsper mag. be I to mkeothes undeind? zine aai|es j.nrs. sidnall, ourfiaf, lls ofn] llldve| lnd
nlld ha.l re\J]eL] n!l \|y rh( no1Jl

cinidn !s nn]t i 's and haFPad was f| eodordinry andthlNs /o s2,k,l.1ele,!e ughr|ael l rvitlrnr desliy' l o| lh Turkish Fol wil|1spcii attetion ih n|kh.ne|an aL]ga ft..nsvou|d strile 1oE|ut lh r,mnl n|. m hu]n|e limo rvling r tjnsai|itheurkish NlioIl,rrhilc at the snr uponlh o.ligfunls mudctmled the ^rmnian uiqunous !'l| ns tc po|, htory.nd th ultull.ollmn nlk a5 lh his ws l t e simPledlo nr la| n cu|drvcto ln later th .alr' fr be dlncrus m sft} as n wi|l dsrid wtrh Fridofl Tu*s,..hadbgun th a]|ed a aus hms,,1am himslasa Friel o] tnr g! lo idcntil-v tuk]shmdia. authr wll, , Nlrat w? h xtrtllold his identitiatild h reveled him' andlrlnd h wifwrcei! a retinth to desti 1iks ofNhih wuld plrednl fr, tiad of state so.'. bul,', your ho! d ou ginl wht is yul Iogra.oul dcl|nttlo. fi Womil1 ol onlat rstl sutivcolaizati? to hs wIlh queslions NlrihI hadDo!sRes' y,,p'!' \r te lalual tits emm..as in my lradi\n dol1klio Dd fal lnd f n f,ihr (|1nrl |m,dqt) as f, s m ..organjzati.. al thaltim l hadoll oe]ose Drkh fricnd.ad tll s Mr, rik ulut' utlh ralNrkNou|dgiNoW

rrut.

TI,rrl' N|ut b old y [d}grdrlji

mil.*cd d rvhel our h.fu i aysid.Quns,ftcrour oe relumrom urk.our dorbe|l0g !d it Ns Dr, zkiUgur;natu. all w w|overjod UguI, Na!| offor' hdenIoucht Dr, t our hmy h Ios friendDr, okby^kknlshcn he (ktcnlnd llis wile) .d beeni st, A|nslr onee Tal i|riti] meeljag hd taknplae elrcourttil. u.k.Weld omloseiiiedsand e!nlLLl| a ame zki my,(.'/e'u, We ad visiled lhe Uer til]n]| rvhj|e wrc in ]slaf,U| w dungo fit visn. ! whihtir \rc ]Yr toldh wsP]nnine wrk in ihc Unnedstates. lo zki wie. Al. and thir ltv sns ad remined Istnul i whil ] suu |sidne hete'Alielh rturnofle AkkLand iiyiikiilfm]lis t urk,$ hd Lst ott wilh Dr Uygr, t]nr and cncris ry|tnsDnd *'nh eslalhig ficdil posnionit nosnil] his nd h lr his fi]y' zcki ws highltsptd nu$tgonwho ou|dhavc o. linrd a Positinl, plesligious hsitI anywhe the Uniid in stts, h hadno way ofknrvjne ut h.oies hadeninflUcnd b '' destrny: otnrd ositin Nw York hsitlrnd he x i sla lishedsideDcin aysid(! l minutNlk lros our hoe), m ]Yhih d nljljng sie 196l' lf} hdl]annedil thls, it w n1*likl rvuld lrvclria|]2cd, it wsal||fixnged a Dot ul y Fr nd sllr prvI' adii notenfor our Iicdslrip o0rpririly. th thasof m]rdsiinouldnot havetkn]ce]l vilble' a. ti!. ad succsful urkh.AmIian scial organizlin, al|d ihe Ando|u n| Dr. zki Uysul sPokto Us rout lhe oeaiztion ol whih h rvasa nremI. nd invitd!s atted lrthomine sia| ser w wUldb jntroduced tr mcm6.het *'uld fuctio to posi| mlhodl dsric my.jol: shat l greallafon e drUrkhrind toan ntilt orgxn]zaljnI s i| tht Ns not miraDlous ugh.whe l ltr |eafrd l,,z.i,' ar]kwasan1eerfthe smAnd]u lub.l aDeo nnin|lyoliyed, W adllended th.utio. seking urkis ad radto fee|!ry Bclome' I apliedfol mmhiPand *'a5 unanosly prcd' hus, nr iiolizliof,'' ere rcatit, ad a

]..ldd'')

Not lo rdlndal, liefwxs thl D]v]neite'entin m

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69

hru l -old dtrdhji

and h nglishNord orAnad|uis Ant|ia. i transllin m old onsidered lun]al ait 1or ofmtlre.,,]t fus,.fu|l ut ol tlreAsian rgin th urkh hmlnd. it lYasmo$ Ioa10 iG ncienthtor mn m]|narlli tok the eus duling m d fltes inl n|ad all thi was ln rdss a ,oune lad | grievingnotlr Nof, Wsnr.c delrnxting lha tlr Fi*t ndlhdstlu t.acd nihjlaion wr|dWar whnth ulkh peole Illorian5avdvotlJ of tin of the svereigaly dreulkh Nat]n, of thn attntio lhe sulring ..aiPe.ls.totlldreerdn'g to uL thetrjlljnsofks o hderishcd, let Us lf lo tlrullul lL'b','' gaizatin.lfiAadoIu , N ' | ' t | ' k | ' ' s o , i c , r , |, o L I o , l o l . J , o , \ o r r J , i , J mjninediLs ull0ml d reli tio of rinlely fift' farilies. thirldc rn t|rtr an.} giusLndnions !$ing ontolhilrildrc onds olflie.dsiP willl oll tl] andlngua. ujIding l.aI hrillge 01 loselElltjnshistwen Unitcdstts Amrilsd rting hc n| urtet, hd eeafuneour plioities. and thRuliof ad afiinorpltd tooId of DiEt sclc.iedtlrir,'Fri.nd t. c th Reordings| l a fol th lu' wen |etre | urk'' ndwrequend.I'd |.d ndd rvrittn, l p e thcm. t Ipale Ill. Dr, IeltesfI o Presjdcat. ilmiodamrn' UrkishnLjona|d gathring ndguesls Nith giousno|idswre lratd oumcm rsctlre' onennollespekwoldrlke sleehsl1ient lnd Inhof e ]adis. ad rhveteic lrtd nenomtd fodsnd tlrny worked!a ! it rcpxliDg olr lu a|was |r x susfu| lnntion,Duling our tlti angmcntsne$ary . J!, i 'l'or..\|.|',te|',o,\1-.'d {' dol,'' j 3,,: as tan: kays of fodptpared y MI.y slting-u. rv \ 0r of In nnanilsupPofi. dditi. ou micht rcl|]ny desriFlion jn ..rei.during youdr;il p'ovd to cfiia|in UI m fuusil our Iu' r arik ulut hld nmanid gr.u ding.ru!a| !F r sait iirkeiiii, lh ^adolu |u' de| ftid, fmlnes.Wilhin ur d .lr aulhrNit his dun1, inslruml. lrad lard stringd wl| Ic]vedAs th a passdt wIeal]v"s usial lrings sls smthing mssine: r,al , alas thgh, m jo ne!r lssend. a. with soundjne {l lwasreivd ehs /o|6, My rquet ml plaus. withine thcr$s l !ojd: I flt lrtthE was muh t

l0

t old yd}*dsi

ycl, whil I onlinud eits Duing tnsui|rg y Nithnr the AnadolL| Iu. nlmrusvnls o| sigifin tok | my s devohn thc lrkh |e to rveld itselfdtough work nd ] liv ft.ons, |ollowig ut lw ol th mjrourns h w lh olmenlion lrele,s l Irltt I m .oml]d omit manevnls lo andple witwhmwo hdmlduna]nallye efort: ], ln tesumnrrofl'68. hi|c I ws dcPaflfrnta|anlgr l the nrmodore t]ote|, Nw York iry (todthe Gd an in ttll staDds ils |a)' hdftanged rilatenreetine in l a Nith dt]nguhcd mclncr |lh urkish Ameliom|nuil. Prolsr lt lmxn,}ho a lw 'a ltIhad eorc urk's fiNl Minler fu|lure For suha ighlylspetd gnt]mn] ad li]v re wh on]thugh Nrilines.l eive h lime wasfrma imeasulal 2.l ]i!u*y tlrnl! olalry i lh lold wihhasa lrlidanmcd.o.uk n}ari.r hiLdrcDa. dx fjo.us eledlion andgin givi|rg, houhtn arsas notreorded, ono holida' rYhilr !ry Ari] 2li, th Aadlu lu had a pafl fol oUtr1 lrildrn wh. rei!dgiI frm a lown Nho e]rtdin nis olorfulndonial stm taainin childrnaan rnls th lik,Uath lh nrk.u lh Dge nd Undred s,wls lUc a|t |hao aa| t\,ihl |ih hl, . Aftcr our rtum lio uky' nr nl Prjt as l Nnt a |ettr lh Presidet ulke, vdet s' My |ncrol.rolirund lo of gtifude to c uld Urke(l am suming), adlespet| hd in ecause lo |cttr m woundu in lhe elsr,4,?,eia' n.?o/7./, whi Ubledi osto.Witlr ommntar from t ditor, my lenradbere|esd ils enlircl, in h ditorka rnlf, (ereatio wouldfllow that t i . o ' d ' ' | o l o l ' | . h foll*]ngissueol lhe nwsPe uglst f ]970.in. nr Ludod lettcs lrm the readcrvheresdpllt sttmnts i .,kaitl. t ] lrrlette to th dilr ] ws randed a to' eopl, getlrel witlr!hdnnt. hatfu]. addguslinc phrases whihwi]|nole rtd hcr,sin I hadnotld vINouId. s|srito xnyP]i

b hru'i Nl k Iord ) Ed{!d m 'jl

,,hate tlLtt sus l lh merhanls'. !.f, |nnd t]rmnirn rn@ R.pano, di1] no| conj nn nr Possesin, nd telefo As lhIIetlwr nol dddto ln o1|etin, lrun as l sas. my p' .1.on Jtrl9. ]972.a hlric let look !in o lrorrn agr.ut aut hrdinlnd d sonsorcd .lsidc h ^ndo|u|u Drmrs ol.Ankr llvnry nrusii!s !.x|ts Nho rrresctd and orh$Fs, to perlbnnin a fes itisi lh Rd]dstatesront in Unild slts whiL i the Nw YLL rca't grl was hused gust ]!orwlth a lu nrereWe ada sa]ous tirhoes lUr t queesizcd nss d in our o7,ou,, hm,d w ofl.ed hve l two hdis or gnt]mn stwilh us N1mlhel.who ws |tvtr]g we.e vhsls sith us. wass oleiyed s we $rche tN ,mous oI per]d o|dys Ia Alln ,nd 6niil Aki rverur | gusts rv.n slean(tbrttri lh. $il olr molr ad *'e|m 10 cmteil ]vlngmothr W deidd hv a n]al ni rvcr. 'n!ll1to osl f]niIis nlnt erUandthtr .h nnreIl.Lhc dy ouromfol n ufrgetrale t |slioalcin ourhuglif, nd n enorousbullwith ftcsht]orvere t a hd bNmcnt] nting |cms,0onwlriht'ere my]lteo|dlii0su*lsh e n r. was rd andwit]t ar$s fi]|ed th olsheme nsi flesmenEofvrylne;al,rgsqtraraksilh^mri.andur ish ags ngralcdwith 'nulti.olordnlgr.*n lh 0lkh insriP ]|dio ou| hl.\!.l L,rolh|\|1:ia]s| n n1 |iat Welnl,,1kt f lulntL played rIdnre th Urk NlionalAnlhomrs l. I nd l P|lcedi to lnlur|fiLa snallUrkn ryonstod taitcnln' willr iageraes,nd t the cd l hlgc ulk ag ng. ntjnued tohedthe futions an l Ur gucsls, li.']. e,,O/,./ l/l.!, n,tj tlrrr las veryl'hehs osmate ls wh ad noihy N|c ]n *' tr th ad perlmrd elbreedsof state o0l ]vlr nr]t]blt th't ws .ue ]n r!nr whilrw Ic!a|od lUchthtrhas. that\'oUId ltts,wlr t|eld al ' lhs wIdtieuhedo|e, iD y audins ornuntries' ere lvd nd Plaudd ont]ss Wou|dilc possil us to enlrl.insulre\Pcn.dprfe$iolls for urknh m] .lsil andntmpIal 11

htud'ilruibe1ldr

ldMrd!!\ii

lit l rcada ircd slalll ulkh ofoN.ndt its nr onclusjn. to|lowed bya rsudin8 lans, Klnu Par, r' wo was lh fiale lolt d dictr.skd ilh .uld hve! agefm lvhihl adjustad,1ol|d notrcus and as a result] hven hjm rvst fl1s]l dimf,dtlightsndsated mscIfnel1 r.rd ur holsed i a wall sto u y d|trmwas bside. o the lyer oor,as itrducd ur..roerm,,, gucslshcad reIdnre our . iddlstmnod, n inslrunenlllofgmen]L orvmlody| and nNsL,and as th musi. llvd e aliild whttvsboulto ,ry ared te cntI lh lom dresd in a eut]fu| i of be]ldan.s ostumel lllrd cnsewny fry fiothL luue in lI. !il wilh a crwnabvei| andoud hr\'at Ns a n]ao o|ored ulardisswhiclracted mv,nnis, he| Pr$ions eld ofslonhtrenlwIevidnts vq]no p|aded, we d . As hmd n, Mr ktlh vei1verhereiut]fuIlae untilth sclt|n ndd n. lc sondrodjng follwed: |ivl]r. rh'1m'U. orne |nstmcntl' Pledlh duras ry pcfmrdr mvmallin I 0nison !'ilh lhe rhlhn,whi| thednniinDed. Mar rfio!d li]' ond ginas !xngd' dancdtowadan eldrlgentlem whoNs cosn rccjlr thveil ndas shaprnhd sh bto hmr. her!il aundh |redh ns]dred g{Ure| as en l rvra g.od atured rsct, ar hddand |orthntn1inuls stol no progr|n nddwiih veryne lhfu fet,aplaudi]r. n ksi8.andenrrine ourfons ! ! sul m e susslsly ' thatour gu$s Nr etm|ylssdwould undtxtlnnl' h ftamelo an nd adthrlhaou| N'o onse gu*s,every oneEfumdto til ms, vnnll]y guesLs oDr retumed urkc andur etno0D. to l| with th AnkraRldio gu]vcslo lk pLc fiv a |ater, An len]ag|t.rieidshi lole etwe pop| !d wh \rc neing ah lh lol lh fitlijne. t]rus cndod wit mem.riesl{]]asta l]lctire, As ild eetween trreols nluris lhe urkishhorn|and. |or in s n onlincs e.nds n wason lhis dai uIhonre, l t]oNver'bfol we ]eavthc rmnringaolt Rldio ka lisit to o honre. followif,cneds b font]od: da the l e nr gstshad ome to our h, lhe ad given a Dcltin Nw
.Jo) oI o' \a'velor.'.|\.J|(|ilg, A I i,i,r1l.i',

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thirDiretor inmddref, lhlt lh York n, ndl its cnlusi' seve|f lo tnegrL hld eniDvild te ho|neol'an l,,e,, wxs addrenstenlion mphali' th tishadeomsktixl o!.suleL ruglcm]nnnd.lo h c!tsas rifldsried |ve l. fienhlns FiD|ly. eiollhlctr hom,tlrdejddl *'ilh teirxul.qh ah us a'.h!tn'. (lmmr), memrsigned nd tls, oi a riessac' uof,-o |amst]ads lad olr magninnl el s io o| lhir |o! llninsin |aei our home, gu*shvo li1usthissrbol o| siic thnmtheloral aff!nndihnd, oflh Anxdo|u 5. ar lvas early 1976.whe a me1br mc Nel lrad ifoln1d o| thc l nd deti]nd,Mr |sk.nd| aftjl,l li urkey. a rup of ung I.lkdnls $ho N to tur selIlmriannis, lowi of my $lion l th mmdo at al'lnraut]5 tl.lrcaskd ilheouldsecurrn. ldued Lous lrdffimnlive adnreil softs, lspons M nanes ad te ad l r.dd l cotat s,lin,hUs*cPi|]g, l lhir tri!l nrto 'r hol]' lr dpar1men6' sjsinc i|r editig mdquikl,vIP slalus,sicnd to the h nessary gmeats led. adjusl trc cnlirceLU. tlritceoms$ere imca] \ratcrani f]oNlswrc pldin seduled iva|.ith of ied cIssio l.wel.onc to ur se chror'ullhr was o! otlrI lhcn rslnc mnand 9omen entered ix| .qucsts lh 7 .une as le' ln!f,d ll1r|rvLom addrsedtolh] roms. nrdlessr D rvnrc bt m. tgllrr with the Pas| h,t welmLner' guest1s rom nune rmaii fur sesion to dr d lnd plred the ntire lr ho fo|lowingnrrie had braklst I t|re rYlod \'Ir Nel.hc lntdud ru afuuP,andas thy\yr lhort ur yugoFl,Addrsinlhm i !rkh. | |rxdidtified and undorhih m nrysli m akgund. rifl.tl odjt]os hrth to hd Prnls lefl lhil lsd ofn' |t no ed desrjb grouo af,dn]il tarnnIplssns | o!rhlmjneemtinldof the $ho hd eomteir,!i,De] al'ctiand rsel|or th slragI ith |;o eruprun (oldcrr.lh0, owvc|,lh el hter

hnt t old ,. [dwird Tji

rcordd cr.cus descr]bes n boda qustioD quites sennl dislnt. N!en h]|osoPhy a f|o! ndte, o $s drevitd n|ne u|kh whihdsrid in gronwhihlrdrcrcsntd th folk.dan 0rk f]k]rc tirlk nd mus Ln mxn otils] and this *rs lh fil t! ]n the Uiled statcs'o A!ri] 8' |9?6' Fo as !ut to gil jts fit roemm t unte. ||ee. Ne York ity, lrl veningwilh my wil and i mot.sted UIar.we dlove towxrdthe o|lge in lhatrAs * aphd 1]e. rd]udshouling th w vois!d ss ug individu rotstinethe rlnnansit their ost anti ur*h rhtori'Rhi] wa|kijrg a irle at thc |ynt|xnc, t ltrovvry slowly,Iing the I t a sjust few yrdswat iim lh AnniamInts, saking ad slowlt nd len.shouldj ,.Yousfrl]ydocs'go !k t ^|mcnin lllwing: th uIhomesl.. ereRs istanl panici oul carim nothel ndwile we|on ' ('!|jol],,,i'"\,,,,' \..d . o.'..(d t. r,l.,,, at shkd th ]rnund6tod e|etive' xs fr h]h *'as la mildr thnlh ds^'d' l alm tlrladiesin oul I, ] drov ut tntrrrd nnd leeddl sllh for a pu|ieIgc, ladirs wcr My relutant tun t t sil flh dmonstmlio. l d surd to ul tlrmtlrIc l's no ccdto wry, wldsworerolen to b ot for s N aftivdat thethetr nrn.' we ohed liwas qu]t,5v en| ol. ugulkish pop|e werstding nerlhr sleps, nd th sjdew|k ws strcwnwit th lom lards !hihth Armnin..h es. hdsu D dered bflclh rln awy, hthalrwsfilldto nan andventually lighls$e t|re dimmd nds the musigi' teunajns s adthefo|kdas aneaEd|ro]n nhrsidol.the ns arig Ligtd cDd|s ws s lh ustmin tlredneflom si|iflr'urk' orrih two grus metat theealer|th sag' largf,ufrer fromt|raud] o| (lws! stoodu with loudlois of|alr'In a en. scldrn th l.rol shon fim t ausof dredfuIc cm notieal !lyon to od].thanth op|c sctcdin lh rcr oflh lh.lcr' It vas Ulrid o d | , l1 | \ J d e | , | x ' d , ' ' ' l ) 'n. l, d h) ctr,t d. r lrlds wh hd ealeredwilh lhe udiene'h dtulDarc sreams |iiighl i]rasd it was vionsth sinlati ad ws to c. onr dstel,W lradeenscldin tnc cntroft udin, a nd s I st.d l, l lld m Ldics rfuain theil sls. l ii theI torad

75

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y ih stge ad r $a bkslg, lh tnnl!the dnhad d ]ftth sl8.nrnyolthe uggnh ere ryingandaglnand tlr mnLm lout to et herc was no s l rscnre rsu|t ws ordr' lrd l ofm} alin'bl somnting to t]e reslor (andin rkn) I ]ouled t|re to ln a loudvj ongl. ,,Kids.do rfumto dreslge] Do rilll o pgrlnl I]asof,tinu remembru|t Iere lhml dtptour prfmane' Nolls urk!Retumto th$l.. seting d th th hregrul h jnusihad beun.]iN er and the dnrlit tlrilandls, k]ok theii sitions. eDteled stag. egto rlum to he a0dinc. scijrih rturol lh Pert.orm of and t]rir sls,\itnontnnLus |udahuselr lhe ou|n8 the y And thl Ns |]ei]rd]!idual backstg, std nn. ougPo|e' Inded. tlratdsy' in Ncs Yrt il, tld hd beed on ou was l dvasllth Ais. yet oe otherdredfu| th FoM grUp Du.ng lh Per|m o ounc mn and ]YomeD ulklslr Dden,n itisofthe Unnedstats.lhe anh nunrons wltlr r hrd retdto oun flk dancr' nann aud]ens givenm.* t!r' hlr rilisnr thc mediahad sunding Irlaus h lsl it in whi.h 1 rcviwsol ttrtvo hur Prfmans, Was t|ty had n ngcmnl osl' !I$a.ns, i] hcarigj. lorc tlril rfumt Ne York iy and lhe dre lan destjnlion n ote|,negati}tlhuhts teled mind t ktw thc nndr n']l x. Ar,nrl rmuni}' Bston ra!d. aDdsrilldos, |argc u uh. one einm p| m oitioProvdi ot, Armnin ,,,i?sl.n] ity hd lnnouncd lh rfrnrn ad dt monslIl lratc o aaain rxisd its nad and pe bmed i lg1 deds' h t|rtIwhere the prgnm was to t.k pla began b re' to d wlittesages vhjh tnreatcnd onrthe eivehn.1|s wn nfmred thourkh crfra' lr lhelr theatI durig nd t polj. pgramdirtore. lh sponso'he onsen$t the any in lh alLlrtiesonmd eento a.el th rfomr. d lale to orc grouprvre dvstatcd aougindiv]dua]sas xs rv hcdsuhrnan]!]hrtrcd, culdthe,lhcadnver!taught

h rulh i{d

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hus, !ry su.sslirl o|cu|tull LnP ndd a n efomraes sld nterughl uyArri!hatrrranls, on the ntnrring, n]|dwit dc sorN, th entf eru .etuld tlronrmdor to l1 in Nw York il' l had benin formdofth venlsin ogDn'lnd at otlrwhe e! fumd ing in lh hcadot.lh]s,,liied |thc ulks'.. I rvul{i yog Per No allow th nrnoet eronpof tlntd painlnlnemryllhboo]ia. fon|s fly kt Urkwithlho to ti le hd wnnscd in ston' ]' nrEg had fu]|y I h |nned,nd cu|dly hothatthffolt woulde $|cesul, dy lor thirretum urkehada,i!d.d moinery and] l nr do! to lc otc|.parkedi a galg.nd took wnh ls o 1lof,s whihs l |tofmy st|nle' lne h.lelontQn I fot lh At |l al]nandrquesidh|aour]ters luggg i th onrUtlI ay lnd ] thcniId loy,h loywas lrgcbl rv th yele |to s mnf l Pelseld]n s]nallgroupshattng nh .h olhr whl]lhe hkulwere ingonleted, svemlof yoaese6 alrr.ad krssedus ] urkh fslrioon |rllr lh us' hcks. Nvenhelss, dn s s n ihi|fxss lanyv|dent' tlr ^s gi|lj thn dft$ ierdfr l |okcdinlo tc s oa.h .y nd exfi,M|y *ishd sh ulderlre r lljngsin ukh' ul the |ntlse kne al al tim.did val hlhoughls nr cUP,h to I prded visil ach ElU of th satcdyng pe|e. lo tluc t oe la. to l nthl. lur ]scwhr' and l sal dot' chandvrygrouaadhedI *'Dld .1e nt mliol 'nysll gro! ih ibllowieessge: l skc to ah a..d. }?, /,dl. ".? \j|nsd 1h|shhafior i}l hn,kqj, )l h| bo|n|ighlf'I! lpful |n 1sl|.t.,1 !u| .Jot:s ad rlia lh| is i\ 11si|u|iai n,. Ulc.l sllcs' c|tnl | wlr o!1l1liqn pa|nres n.] hf ah o|)au hos |ouh|har la olr TlD+^h ho'I.I si.!a, |h thusdsofpa|' l,kh d.l 1ti' ||h\P hIt.| !u |nh lLh lins o'ddliol1, '1h.]s bt nn,s'|i1| 1.1i|i.1n!s wh rlkli|1huh-.l i1|!hhh \' P1q lr|' Lls|h\|il|ewt be|r

Bn ol]e youngPcrlrmclld us thalin aufierons|nes tm nnny Amen]nshdPpoaed it frmwilhintlraudis, , , . { " 1 |o o d t , o | ' , r i , , ' J ' l 1 \ , . n o | , o i . I ! . ' ' ,,Whshuldit so diffEnl jn o{on ad i|rNew Yk?., do so Iewaso line rlngth answ, a]|I uLd w3si jst]ichl|:,,Milnrthwater,, l hen smilsdc|ighted haILIn o.lusin. ntedto e!h m Nhat glou:..Forgll] !n and k i yUrmems unlxsanl ' \ . L , x \ , \ ' t , | o| \ J l m r . y i ' \ o L y| . J' hedsas our e.essio our lo! fr ah you a God less ol sistandnh6I'' .u ll. nreloved h tarfulmncs l serrion beganas c oung$ eanrvhi| huidiO lh oll.Ptai|r l rlred his r hr ]Dgeagc for to plprc sulPr, nd nDding m lgies' dd nnaly san lealirrgth lremiss nd Nhat th 5a\ oung eo|e Utsid was a llrge urkt flag dmdover te sid o.n c!ltc thcyotid llrge posl ilIth a te, ndntto i1,!|acdn trid, mcsag Iintd urklsh. i nd our e mssa Prlimd:. sl.]onrncy. ]ved Wh lh bus was filld. fto'n tlr side{llk w hard |oud $qIj a9aIl.. drus.',s9r] visshutingfromNitin hantedurnalne ulkish ohs' I mc i|r Rcated]yty l lerymotioal dreus slrtd mov, s srs nt yt onLudd he s d lt t Fo hatr tl oU and g, Mar and] rctumd nd Pted as we ctcrd stI ol| retuflr m. it ad l at |rxstfifte ur r and comef,ed rc$$. mintslir,whil w r drjljag on th Lg ]s|nd ahdn th highNayin Lheright lanc I nolida us whih funr t esebled n jn lrontdrehote|,' w]th Atdr Point'I mlst dieltss .jefl IoI]nancas I hve. m with tatDilin Guidane ared hs stlnecDvitio. e]ie!d Urkn, su]neal| lhathsh. af,in|ial oral] tings lve js ened 0reoinidcn simplnol o$ibl fol m to at. Lt.s refun thehiehwy lrat a|oretinedus ws t . ' . i m o n | , | d | '!' , L , t o d , . i i j , r | a| ' ' , r . d . l E . | tlr Al d,l ae|eratd, lstrve weredrjljne aLonesid us' n its

|cn nds sPond Uryolng romers. aitairrijre sae sed the s theus' I $ould t r, ..Quik. thnel llold it oidt gt sh acd for toflg. I oened rvindo$'ld old]ng hr it t]ehl]. ry f,fund iag oulside movigvehj]e, $ the h widsollh us gt rNddWilthoswho hd bn seated its ght sjd,We sN smativiry ouldn.l delerm]n o ul whl it was,lln. wc saN n' thE n ws:he es]rodd our flg t lwring sma|| ulkis i]agt]dto coldl lverle ws walm adas ' greele.ehothel]Yjth Ur.cspti! fles.nr bsenlred lh eit, d otiued onto anot|rer rd xs w rchaind drjling he|t{vrmin mofif,lqih ou]dnevel be fogot!, ]F deed'onagi, hlrd haddefealed lve, 6' Augnst f |9?7 vs lh dale | o. sodt]j to our ,!,z'?',, (olhr|and), das it lradbeein l968. m mtller rcfusd t fl' houghsh} s stil]lcto tkarcoflstti $ didd ur seodtip would lasl fr ful weksn1},our nlj.jljn nd e ltnrnl wlt ql t ur lisl tri.id s c ajld l lhe Ataturk ^iot in t,nul' |.d te sa sar]o }tih had8rcctdus durine our iil vil' oul foul fanrilistogtI wii[ ihr Po|c ercldUs i lhc airpon.d on 3gains fdmdiats and maa! q$lns, stemenlhn rnatd Psnioshj has y ry rnaindInm af,dnslnt troucout me nr wolk fie ehn|f|theurkh o|e turk Nti scifill. and ryc pof of t si turies areliling oflh od]og rkh. thc AIri, and sIi ofilrodo oPls, hele no aedl dsrjb detaj| in ourjosreuro wilh our l.mi|is, visns to th |neain]Lp]siD |stul, o nd Iiry onrlet deliglrt fieIlrUlofshping in totr|s, owvr.fi! sienjfint vnlstook |awih r]nins ]adeli], r.ldd in ur m,.or]s.tRih wi1lbrillr|er I hr] !' aeainnd,/af?, (m Iotlr0 okta um|rur^k. Dr, knl.hxdprfomdth naainablo, Nhionly e olld!h]eve: we adbenglda audiee witlt ell. Pl s idt l1|r t jn urkishRcpli. Presidnt Fhrintiir( at h sumfi. rcsids tnul,With lr wie in attndn. oora|c t x|k yiilkn.

ht6

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ns $h wstceutilea]dcto tlrlrsidenl,honred wnh h o. hxd pesoa|Deelincswith tlr tlooDbl a]0lken Pan,w had rln a|s so nr Nw Yrk when h hd served xs urke Pcrma. Wlrns ml t the Presi l nlRersnllile the UnitdNatios, s eahothers i l fashionamn8lh dl.s rcsjdn, mrad l rkh epl Wiih Dr, Aklrcnti ttendan.hsd giventh Prsi th penliningt my effoas1vjthin Aadolulub r dnr]nfmlio wlk n halflLhe urk oIe was lieal'xlfetd ur osts Njth oul dnlincuished e ]Yamthol.xndlh oldill xhngs $ith Unfrgenle nrmories. nl|edus suesss hvincMary a.d was DI Aknt.s b. Aothe.one fo lrejn s his 8uests ]unhen l invild vic Admiml sahtti n at ye]iadsi. at rhe N!l iLjtarraininc Aade lated we o!Nh|rdby th antio |and lcalednar lstaul' yatlr oir Admirl,ffirs' and th Na!l onl Attr nd Nil mrgnifintviw ol. th orn1! 3nd dr|le ]Dnhon. sorus.aomied lj! mu!. }'e I g]!n a l.Ur t rhe (h AdmnalNas thmmandant), ifth !nls]usl r As ^d)r hnsNithj d Pril|on, trdto Rer not cnougto fill r lhe ^dmimlad a sur | us la eyoadrny ofuI eetatins, s Dokcd ia th harol ls t ihc cader, th luuriousyaht ofu wlrihaden usdy e Fouadrofl modmReULi Musl Kna| tatlrk, ky. th nnronal ws Al1 t ,a q0$ionl rvill everl.orgt sked vlc yahl'thesav likc t vit tali]rk,s rginl..l|owwou]d drnal u ]Ltto e abl l ourjo *'s beyondur ai|iq to erss, stathd flhmdcm ,kislr salk on th lcselwlre theritl sUlof h spt tnn,rv.ulde for m dMry an inasural Wc oaldd Admirl.solve$l, wi nle aofi. l nd nyingsamea, DI, Akkenl' tthl li thsalaronNsnl on of l d1lhn heads to nre Puli and nd enestrited }ryon pLcted wl thosrus vit'ofth lLL slal, lr gUiIjf,e nd lhc 'ngnjfient oo]ns lcilitiesaoardthevssl,Dunne th c. nd |ik so mn, tok DI uiinc lsile lur n nmora] lor !s wi]|rmaininoUIr]noris as 1og ]vhvo:as thcdmi otir, statm, Admnal rgLn |uished r,1 sondus ito a beulifull

80

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iigg*d th follsing] .our lederKa| Ataturkhad sat ur tlns haniwo0ldn,1 lilret sil i,'s hiI-,.. u l nside.ed ! hnorl did ntdeseN'xndrcsondd,,,sn' il I am nt wollh to sn in d]ehan f th ertMus1a|a Kem]taturk| l lhank! fr lhe in!i1at]n. l annot but aefl it...
Y.. it,ed, | \| t' g' jf|gli or i d'',' o1 J|.

. Dr Aktent aDdh $ifc Ayl h,d be!ul]|u| sune ho o thAsinsid ofIstan|' |ing osPorus te waleay. Whil we visiled th|nh tir ho in Dgos,*'e w. tld d]cil nt dor neighr ws th rot.ed P.irnrtI. re|lyNiht r]m' Dr, Akknttlphoen dtigued h ighor. lequesld les' nd minutes oi.is lnne t t h grcss f|omlhc Unitedsoles. As il i|rhIDt Ulkish hsihln.h oxledd wamr }elm and f us togtlrNith h wif' teivd us jn h hom' y Nr dely as t in url lsd we ele' andNr |nzd m aj|iry saking h' h i|rfolml isit wilh lh lrmorPrifr rn]stI, Niht ri. naN mongur herished nfrois. We Ie hedofstt..o olficil,uttoth0r!ish neol ilmd difIen: thyrctd to orlol t..rthurkh Nati. d. wile rv wcl stinc l lh hne of t../ef/,7 D' slral. lin iinkiia] d h wife hnj a vry sia| eucn m lo vnit li llln. oe| lhe vca|ts us: wh hdsxycd l oDrhmin 1972' rYn Ankm fudithad vnd us Itwasa motioa|ru. tn jn,As r|ivcd olies'la instedwe tra|to ur Ankrfor x ruioo al to mctolr rothernd st^flhe nkaraR. di gloupwuld st d.sirbl Venl M!ry *'asgs egel1oI th .union l, d]vpromdle e Nuld8o l Akaralr thrcun !s ion with as ,naf,yl lh cup s possi|' ontatwas nrad*jth Gdiil ki. Nho.d n{itlr l at oll hfrc. jn |972.Jo lnd e .itmenlPrvajled aongs! alIolus we aPtd G6DiiI,s in!ittin to slay at r| hm i. nkff. Nhermog o|our friendshd thn si' dns. nd,creedto eo to kIwh|vou|d lrethra, e. uI vit to Ankra uld lasl no mrethnthredasbo uslh dksalnd fui lajlisin Islan]' weE slil] witjnsfI our lisjt lrt uionwit th nts of Radi Ankr uI (fi\e ea had]rsedsinetlrercPtion our home)j tiief,ds in oUl r 8l

h rulh lu{ r dd by d*rd hji

rlned a utifu| dnrnelal !n ouldoollsialltin lh enll of' kru.W $r mIcd morlhan25 yungmnd $mn Wh t he ntncgth ]nusthaven Ieeded te us ]ik |t. s sistdof t le$:]5 pL maofur friendshd br(ghtlhf was magnifiDldr lbod, th tmshel. lre uio nhs ]g' warfi llction]yto s' andth musil t]r logrnthyleared ofonr eloved]iiends to onlude rcgnilioa this f. us. ] a unabl th ithutat lastrveling idntitofthe naesI rcmmel,our shiitii' senn ileri, 1Lii|r'znhalaqkin. stc: Gdnnlkin. utlu Paasli' nseyin i|eri. ahil ljnlr, lran our rot|re: Alkin, ozay tjlijm. n1i,\lden. onr ozgediz. nd ]llzaffel to I fal temighl be oth |n ou{ and il so. I aoLogtze jj.I havvnokd rnd v. e thennames, wondefuluion lhe hef|lo*'inc njn!]nel n ndwth teaful eraso].sclatio, the onLusion t dr w |eItAkala d rcturnd tanu|lb. m isnsseIjbns rct. seondlri l rke or obvioDs fliendlyo. mlines wilh ra ig evnnnr' to thouDtless f s Pl, urins' wU as the nm!]es nremdia!g oI pu|i r.gnizd thgJl y orworkcomig mmoI]es' so. fiaIl.]Yitlr slndid our Prilss otograhs, N Pl red lo 0t0m lo l i]r andlh lls vcre ou Posssin. d utl$f,dvo hal|enges L]nitd slalsnnal],awarte lhhtlsfm|if Rork. th y ln lhatN|t t to eofic muhgdwsto r} fiothrsho ho ougl ?. our rctuar Ul rs!r proud.|the Ny we hdenrecivdin ner hnrelad *'c hld no ]ntbrnno' Nhih sh had disning sr |r L|saout logelhrwilh ur our !n t olr nltulalad htoria|hom|and. lo th ntiulkh adivniesot cmmnts widl Puliizd ftajning 3s hd rceivedj w havesa|d' thc flnians c Unitdstates. in h inludd mniln nwsPape the rnsjv dia oves u aflileshd bcn rinld As a lishedin tanuL, whih numrous i nr ] s u]l a wnil \ were sill in |stnul, mothelhld reild ofUIfami](anmnian).andina lu fra lad rjod lroneall ri.us,ludvoirhaddlarcd:..YouIsohs](hi!dl.,

82

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M! ei.ved .lhr, lery uc |ad,had inqund.,,Wh, ..Your mzy son lrs enl|ld x msqDcnd pred IN l A momcnt o|snenehad ibl|owed whil nry orlhI $ruc. hd gld l gthr dughls, tlrsk.l reat|thsl.lmnt hr shc r ..YcsI.. shehdjustrd, mtc affimlion'..Ys'] leld n ]n dr Nw York ^nnnin nwar;n sas oul so paedIN M motherhad Ilempelad losl shutcd ck:,,soWA? W Is WRoNwll] A1son hnsmycd God hnl ]n qf destin mvidntto had fr,tier olr lil vit t uk. thenlcroU]d be y qustio in yInid lhtm cnv|clon ol and dd]Rt]o nl' firmly and 'rcva]inslil]d]n m]' hcafr' wclc my mind.nd s.ul, our fljjtj.n in lh Aadoluiub ot]nued nd writlngsin slorl oUrk o mulliLude sublets b' mcmy nssin Al ever siB|lutiofoul lU.cplcfrom olherorgizatiosas wl|as t|rFdjnlion ofrkh ^meiianAs onrnc,l net'or my sia|,tjlit. haditdud v t 1an ll o|e, ofNho wele dee| P|ased ifnotnfusd lht ! Anenia ouplwolkdtnllsl n hxloflh llkh o| h Urksrvrsm olm bilterondmnatioD oAnri teftrm rvhihmmi|{editse|fil Un]td slalcssince l97, whe Amenian ssasisegajnufiing u|kh diP]mls lh onlry in d umalus ounlrislundth wrld of, day 1one o| our lun.lnjns't' we.c itrdued Dr edli nliizr.vo hd en to tiv nr th ulkh.AmeriaFdmtin h rcojlon ot ',Frioado.urks'' hn meaondwat s uld lravefug' ! w had rt f the fist tin would delar' ..l know aoutyUl l.v rdnd ardnuh t!r wrt' u are to b D GnInzI wsonloul gnroUsly o|]ntary frinds' Durjngour injtialilodulio' askdm qUeslion cvrcn ]re t.d
\o! lio , \o |d D. 'l,pJL, x' d , t |1' l' J, t,'.' J

l.heftuin{dold

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in Wouldl dliveaspeh 0liIos thc UndN, asked betre:

oxJn l.o| jd.

b l as otonl surd.l was o!Yheled lh sugest'o

i J c1o,| ddl$., l\,| ' P i.Jr.. .

wih ]s a hr inlmtionNas as follo*'s:ho Fdration. hd a um|tl|a og!izalion comlingof olgar,arins' rc|td inf,nl Armniantol|nacinst l tub|i dnonstalioD odemf, qor|dwid urkh dilmts itizens. Dd l thattimin l98, a totall5 Ulkishndnon.Tulkh r by sns!d eekil|edwilh mnymo]njued. a groul Alnen'an ..ht hsltno ] merts,..wh rofsedto e Iis.s Wi1hotrl i a!jagnvrDrd uliseeh my Lif a aFld lsald tlre thftslPn nr Eel,a.d lh l cgn ompse l mseh' |or' snd urkjsh h fl|ownrg the glishForlionm sh i dlivredn Aplil 2'"' ]93. rossdr UnedNationsbildiDenr

ltltis denr. ] t th outset' *ish t Pres to thergaiucG glatjtud ertending for lo pfouda.pri.lind stltio, nrst my jnlmst nt NI} iaddresinc th eat|reri|rg' ]lhc hon md rivilge gin eiven to e and my aifelion l.r urty ws ideed l erllcn |fturkvr65 'a ago,h mgnitud my c|ved sllsrvh hrc,but t nr ofm lvc l l| lings ur*ish ie measured mse|ll a roudt sy tnats an Arrian orn.I lrvdeditd o|srvice n ea]ff lh urksh Nano;nne has bn lielinc t!sk' whnyou csid atstr,Im n t Amenran my diffiu|t parcnts, \ort f,eri,s resullf1he nd syrian-ofthdr th Fiist wrld WI, lolma ea8I hxvPpsd posliof,.lIn jn te .{e|igionts theilDhjlosophy lDtgainst urkh rmenin aI eol,Letnasuryou, dresalwhithArmlinole n lhe smsarun hean andsll, As jnoumth ]nno.nt fiolm with cquL ninsNho erhddringthsdlk ds. l a]so un. sinily'the loss f ulkGh rotnesnd strssho suffrd the N al| lh ltd ardshisYs, rdrcad stes bus nd chi|drn drsalaf,d. ths Dat|on. of

 ru \h(

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his ncilhrthe lie oI the!|a. to deate events lhe fthat te| eriod' utdr th timcxndpla|rme lo sthNo d Wnness llrsu|ts l fArmeninlinlir'he sdoftr r sosile lh 6rut1ltak ulkis rstat $r|dgid oI lpo ives he urkJ at]en uelie!l hrc no nllio' no elhni grl hih wouldlrela]ite acinsthse h s]|Li|nrnt lood, he wol|d]s arazd wondc |r ho$ log urkeywil|ndlein and lh svage ncks uon our o|' he wsnredism l b o
! | d (i I rr.,

ln xainsla sluh aIIoftlre Uildsttcs'hermust a arD klhr\ o|:o| |h pill ! h.lPnft|1 l |l1Uild Ndlias Blil|l ;a), tjal!d onstn|tiv due'he iviLjzd w|ln rios oul ibr thei]endofa|1lororlt]vitis' h wstemworld'wilh AmIicnl aai.Ulr' kss velltlle outulky adhI tluehislry,l'fi prdto s! dratI hlc lrrn a n d w i l | o t i u t o t l o u r h i ( o r y a n d u l u r et,c l ] y D to t I nrliving llofth brothrhood t'n thsx{r] I.Jrjhs' As it ws lhn,and as it today.i|rulky, Lt the atmerhts rlizthe urkish !d mreninppls ha! ccn and rvil|Iemnr Nw, wilyUrindu|gnc,l,d to saa les w|dsin urk lik potie estit t|]I sr t lastfiv rhusd mc f teu.kh'Anreric olnmit glhcred th en]L }ocif. lr ut erous derosllatln My seehrlld otiulslatrs' l1 ''sa,/i t?,..?e \ircn wil mphs I shoed'to dr mi|on Iothndsislers), thnthrcsoundig o!lion '.|],,( e|ovd gntlcleoIe, adnrtio ts of caused l xusc. I.old not xnd veDtulll, rvcnlo i!urkhnd at thcd|.hsentnc I ] lold apluse follwd, ihc on]Lion Al o|r addl s s. 500vis shuled i|rnDison: URKIY!'' oihstge l wassuounded o| y ]nring t]{lu|d me il e liir l ssum siginesogss tcnagiprptd ]ne lor m lh surtrel sussflll sch?I mdem way t dr Ir o1 lh sta andund tugan' stadig, x holdigh sn in is arms] h ra.hd hjs li sakd m. witlrta,''h my sn. hfir'.'

f l JrJ J!|,| ],d'l,|rd o l,,,.r

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,,hak l Dl luh, rliedin urkh' u y brolhr, r! yo0| hild ncvr serhtmgivenlstlralolr arc andemd l w .mbld and e rjafled' did nl ]e!n h nn nd agln. mstlikel *'ilIne!rInt d f 8,., f oW ds ir o! 1 |1.1|hl|e 10Tu|k4,' oe een| vs mde|n hd lnraj. $gninnc 1ourb|rm t seh Rdj In an ]98] I' ull! Plxli ( meel o|tho AnkL D. ar to to lrad mt th wshi|rgl ants refetrd c|1i0. and wihadr.ls plst cn hroh lhis vil, h 0 f.icdslDr, oiuz uguLlndh rvifUIkI.a vtivoli U|kh'nreia. ains in lhc stateof l\'lr!]nd aoutnsrda5a fiust avsoken tesilc|y KnUvidt| rcsult.*hn h. .m 10Nw York |r a.thcl oea'M, rgUi Dldtojo]n him aan l'if, s lhlt sheouIdmeettlr,,lrjndf stalt.or urks..ofu we s]dN Nould hPt hvtlrcr numeros its irom fi' hofi' L]ulingthcnncl.!it,l hdpresnld ]93]. xnd *ith n ral prsntallotnr dsir. i eo0s us \'olk, lrrs olker urutwho ws1otine lor nl1jme. hd. dUmntatio do!s, !d mlellreledaf,dmlional r and in 1lrt a' sd I lisit hr onre Maryln ihtl Ijg s insisld t try,bcus rvnted |nn! 1 ol.m atIialas i ould a5 o]Uh friendsh catdcl |our vs|t t llrc dueus to smlhI |os is unknoNn. il hd to be in l98l, yhen at lh hmc t Leutorn to !9ewrc inldced mnol her o urknh d urkish liiends I wilh olel peplin anndanc. was irdu.d and lle t|re and of floI.hen eresiDs rlienG Ia ed nt In. ly fr. ofthe dlati.na|nfits lindh| , ullheir rgnnin (ria|. for m lr{r sigaifia Wn efrPhso theTurkh }as rgnst urke, ]irian su. Amn]' crolndlss a|lgations im8es i!rks. dt uesls *n m rtio slrellPixl to toglhr soktlle thy hd ol senlor' one gr]mm hd secnmleria| lgr.i I l , | \ , n J ' o r ' g 1 | ,q l < ) l , t o e , ' ' g o l | . , lh n1slm gnl|nrn ed nrethomlo lhik us for n illui n aDd nalingPfosonltin. apriati.n hloilhc urkh Ambas sxdorL ul sngll s oni.l grcstsIo nrnighlb.r, Mr.

86

'rh.

iih NIjl ft r.old by Edtdlshji

!d lrwastlreonsulalt theu&ish Amasdorto Washington. h llnsiikrii lokd, h fry dssier. Volumios tratelial' d m *'Ik uld valug| ulke ame l nlindf| the fit tnn,y n otlicilduine n infolnal elhrin, 9' on Novfrer ol. l98]' rhe iurbenl onsul GenIalof urk'th o' Aydi sun andn wiehonored !ltlg onr us hoe cus Aanianltrorismhld lh datetknl l]!s t vel svnryn! innont humneings, sattmests whrol lowdvent thehmi.a f.d lthurks lol our dnrnr ivit. tionw hada]soinlitedunrulugl ft]ds. ta ndM, Iir'. Dr. ollran andMls. nl, andMr DoaandM, Ak' suiltyon' l (lhrvr re)' nlredour home ftst. he gtl]ne hd kowus fro oul manvits t tne lkish ntI.nd werlso xNlt tlat t|rc wr in th ho|sc o| d'|i i1 |,lh TuiS |1encc^1| they rqDsted ws to se i| lhr *'as athertIto our hm. showd tma sod dolwih ld !o thsidlhe huse, accss! |eftornour k]thn''h rmincd th kithrnwhrw td thm. i|r wathd te|!in. and re|ad duringthe ntirc!it, ln ur nn]shd smni, g$s wcr ntajf,d fuusi! line dinnr'af,d Jr b a rviewl nj dssir wihl hdd]sp|ad ]g o tales' one ag] amzets. Biti. Ia.N eIsed oul gusls d wiln wordwhihw hldll th nt lim:,,se,si(hibitin),, he evenlnded rvnhtgnPhs'Pressions afftnnd of gratitud t].om aniesEsenl' he onsul Geeral ll rvsdeI in |0.o ALP'J ocJ It,dI.Jrd i', l'n''r 1.v lnsjv dp]alm dossielireslatio sevra|mme t lth edgtionof urkh mIic AssiatiDs, In o(r snnl d comn hiition wiih si long t. hll lsli1led withdumenls.jo0m. oks'!1hed aniles. rie]es 7lt rrds'af,d ftnt olhr an1pls ol,fry $orlr. In ttendane LYerc] r]Giiiin.tlrePsidetofthe Fedmlioni nn n. Mr I, ]ik!alj.Mr |skender Neei]and then Nives Atr hous |rfeN. l osensus unnnous: mateialNas f t' n e valu.d $as t si|re 1had.eilstatd l wswi1li|rg dontc dri to ninrypelcnt f mt mlnal l lh rkh pepl' tey ,greed t rte tne fifit

87

n nth ln old r.durd lshji urkh LiraryijrNwYrkit. adoulnews te eivnlodr lhm ad thankd rcvolted agaislsuh a roosal Iilry,I en]f,1 hih l tlreoor. Majorit|s.,,l ws lldlnd m pl ious ite]ns werc aoult. e eivn Nayl Larc I had rcs|aed many, lor *ith my msthentdsssios to e]rlbswereslrvlyfi]|ed lale!ninglthekishntr inNw Yok it' e laken md I was!1e srm linrvhBy lnd.ntalsoharlb' kn lat n Iiousmlrialhd e reovd lro my lrr. i Li|xd lhe Acust22nd 1984issu t fie Urkishdaj|tlr'.7 1o th nowsaer, Lhyaaj]hd trLgd rmDnil ffeIthei h Lirary'$ih cUld of andlhttelialto th lahcorig books imese val! l lh u.kh Ancrin communys uell as l u]tur vho ny |urksh istln.] ,\mris |akn kowldge linlr. ll. My frtswiihirl fi Anrdolu lu ontin0cd lhm' n rutd our1orts chalfoitheurkh plman]fdd and slvsin ma |omsi on f thm had to my tns'le work 'n ol'ihc tldrmt]o l. !nningth metigeNn rIestatives lrgymn o| aad urkishAmrinAssoiatios' l lrishlsted re!ry RcleledPaul shnilla A orlhdhurh. nrtiohiaf, lls.teflnfr. lN sntens ould ni dsriellr lie. th plr i|r $lrih fiy wi MIy andI hnduti|izd nrg cost. !d fie nnail ol. ad thc ing lgethr rIesenlatives dilllDl rc|igious lhni bak. \' l|ni'ie,\,,t,| |'. |0.'l'q,l,.,1' 'rr't,\.. or'c (t |eeed as Flhcr wc|lknowD Rv' shnn]a wh everon , Pul). use *'aslhe pristoflh hush olhih nr steri ll lh ari' nd hI famil vrc Parishiolc, h hurch foLj]Ys ofA|i GIekorthodfilh ut its ogrgatin redomianlly to ackgund. sin h dagrced ]ny sylia adLnes spknrg and prosaL, had onhtedlh ledelatio Prsidnt ftrl] 1 I l985.nr ur n ad !fiangmnts enfi]ized. suDdaNovembr24. ctvenathIPol'h $if. nd lroe ! hl.ric mctingtok Iae Dr. th lhc fo]|orvinc: Prsidltof th Fdrtion At! rim. oLd t dv , A l ' s J . l , , ! g l ' | \ . | , . | i , . . r V', I o Ul ' wivcs.m roerftne,lr wi| Maric' withr.nd I !(enflns' lntodutins. ordilndnlitful olrsa ing to theefet statemenl ih hst. dincl,fol]owd rePald tions, de|l1 a
\|',,!|JIl , " o ' j ! ( ' o | ' d 1 . , e ,tD o| '|. e\ei'r *J'

 lh }n b 0|d dlmd 'hji

ftr|r'ihw Presnte l]Ul a]|egu rmranc as |th hamonius neljng. h fol]o{i]rg thr insIilionthc lqrcas omosd was lh ulho|, suDdy.No!mcr24th. l935j n lhis h]ston day r d \mnofgod w]||e,lheredtogelhr while tending aDd ihir hnds liiendshi' ln fukread eaedthn eNlgis in nilding ad a temPl 1.bro0re|y Io!. lre Iedlinlhnlsntd FlhrPau|an jnsned to ook of lh lif l Msltl Kefr! Ataturk'th fudI t UIkh Reof pu]i lrom theruins orheottojn0 mpire, o 5a our ffas lrdrsu|ld most $|sfu] mling, benia| oslmliYe |1 and fol wUldb ,n Un Panis nmd. detatnt, ndv| ch]vo o t blthr| hlmon.'. $|ro olhI lhn thc Aroni,ns suld odrn mbleetolts? hde. r A tended lijedship in we|md anlI handnl l utu|sarh oI udlstndin harmn nd mnelop]s]I usl IIreBt, ]Yho lrnlnth Armnins wu]d ondenr umlefonsr m
i',\, o'', . ny | . ' g | b ' o , O ' Il o ' ' | J o ' a h ! | , o

lh da,is desisd n A|enin jliginistsi's nd hrd t tRk|cMoE adolt I hdnronhdb! Federatio the lb c tojin in thenoan'jrji (\Ythout s|a ue),Prsideni of DI, Ii. MI, iIikolali. d ot ad ucd to vork withja tis fing l ar'it s n|t in tcirr.vclatinIhatwhl l hadt i}r was ndd y mmunrt \rhich ould grcatl fit oul knsledge, rienes' lssio'wihlffctdmdeel,tt rvs ai] iPo$ile dIine' I oL||d dvi my tim nd cnrgies ut not i th dolt| ln nd th Fdmlio tc s lifoe our lijedsin l lh ^nadl0lt|' gnizlnl f l]rt fforts r would fI oI l. ttti!o wnrnthrealn ol.theedelatio. reIuttL r|sed troln m .]y|cdgct drer supoed nro!toihc l.drtin, and m Prcsidni Dr. Ata Ijnrsied m l titl:l !cr hd tilIeeoro. jn ]935. Ul I em Dilctrf Pl]i Affns.r lh Fedtjon fi |urkh ^meiianAssiti.s'| c gizatio stationl hd e utthePu|iAffans Dijttorwaso!nokd, ntd. drats itmy. iteninlydid noth]nd.rmy $ork or m en LhDsmja \ressine urkisholLoflis orultilud thc oftop.
' ' ,| J 'J| i -,,oj , . 'd ' |\! ' o ' | .|,oa Jd'n !!, j

8'

t old b Ednrd,l.rsl'ji

flilh affiliated is, Durinc m i!!duti to t fiany .reniziions t Fedemlio'] so.n larndu. *'as a niPrc rdutlo' rs thrca hi|rt of neithr rn!I, onead fc|.rvloe, no Dt wele ecning ar of m motivs' mnyop| ! suspicion astryI'm lat thtin thirmid* sas Aerj.n ^rnreia lh that furthelIljf, svml.inot ma'lons msthvquestloed lrad for dein.Dr. in s|tin Dt' rin.s rcasos h Unsul e . r x ' e d, | p o ] , ' i . \ J n ^ i l ) \ r ' o | " o l l ' . r ) , , , | , , , and ,n insightul andas eo'he was enaino|tc hDesry sinrit l ']iJ A.neain,l. |sed sa now til 19 lr has o re r disomIon, Un.nini 12, lre first jn]dt flie| took plon o(a olneNrd l| dout), sclr!|k cpl iel 19' l987' wha Dr, Ata ri dh lvj]Aynurdve Mary ad mo fro thn home in |in. Nw Iels.to tlrhom |thir frid here\ras lo b in r. kiftlu.rcsiding thsttl.Pnnsl!nia a. c|lionfuding xmianI ogru$mn Pctcr osl $ho 'as runnlngtbr rce|enn, morflhe state Pcnnsllani. hdcn inlid Lor'.nd M's, friends Numerolsurkislr.Aneli wIe glthi vould artii kinrlu hD in Pnns|i. s D' DlWiih thitnnil suppn l hd nd questined rin s to sill sincw suld tnlr'bute w he varcd us t e thr. t amig. were c|mdt drc t]akjluhm.wher we with andidt. r'el shkiehandsnd spekig o thnr o1 R W our Kostmr' crectcd hstands]n knewn on.ar) dl i a dtantmrsiPpi|rg drinks (Ye latw o ltrnd uelvs Dr lamed lht scIal hadrnicized irfr bilnglngh Ar opl to thl8adrIing mian liinds ) ws xboutto ddls$ lim atri!dwhn n] ongesn]n ial ofall liiins, ogrss h urkish.Areispnrs' *antdt hal, man ostmelsokethe \lords which n nd] bk to ls, We wrenndingin the ar oflhe fi rvith!ryoD lrise|oqun, mdele ollo* Dglsn, in a|l hen,lh lamd ..FIieds' Amnian leorismhas ikn t|rclives | l ig statenrei nd nra inno.olt urkish d]]on1ats. lh United stales ndems lhseats' ul lt m tell ou th: t Und slts!s linllt . lr jneljans tein ustinrnided cPldandalgi4d1Jpsc

hrulh NIu* . old bydrdlhshli

uthmdurineth sondWond War. l eliel ifuk did nre sxflo aad o|ogizd lh Armians thc 8cncidc, t fol th wonld ringan endlo Amia vengea gain*turks,.' At te onlusin ofoslnreyels ri?1i.l dursc. ed !h |tion|tsidcnlDr, rim. w hld eensrandig t l tlr1lo Riintof urkn finncialsupoa' spoke the fo|]owin . grenn' i|urke shou]d aologiz, wuldlhn manthl indd it thet Ns c ason f. tc ply ut * ve tiin! hreRo wuldlik to lespond u.sir,.. io Kostmeyer's smilewasstill !j|e, whjlel conolled nrslf.s l L]stnd is nonsensical to stjnenl' Ijm8esnl|d my dne.. Dr i lln ndthose lionl fus erl rve eithelsidas Iiok fw t slesib'al' DI, n, h fc elNingwith |o0nsmii'rvasl onl en wh tnv jLtqat was aboutto han. a an and l|r |cr!.1e. whl|o|ookig diredyat droleresnrD.ur /,]2,, o7 'oglssmx ,n' declared ll|owing: t nmr]t l]!ll th .Iaans siluti uroulry. lhepljg1o|$e AIrians in t ofot tmUrkc. lll| inuralIl. lh Jaase nransd r'agd rnly t]!e erlng rvo|utio the Uitedstats,if tlr ] enans lrad killd thousands Acrian ]!]|ins .'anse ol nd rilitaj} d hd 1e eonl, ifts Ja!s.Amrians lhratcd so!|tignry ofth Unndstts lAmerja.rhei l doutvrnuhif wouldaologiz theJanese ourgo!menl to ommunit,''' h o|tofltriciry *ruk vryoni. th '!m whnlh oglsan Ns a l]d:,,sir. l m om of n menin molher wod en wiills t ln lftib] evenls dig war i ot e tonan lky. andhrwordst m wr: rrDisdjd te No sul. lr smile Kstmyls | vanndnd hc ard in dirc cdfygen,For tew mfinlslhrt'as a silcnr,lhsc!' ra|po|pllauded'and rhossldiclos to the og|ssnra to bega mor ] uI dircction and veldlhil.|nzmnt . d of apreiati Iss]os Wh! lradsfumedto th dlingukedongrss]nan h tbr mss, is whtthe! ard:''here qucstioD uk a th is th.t va|url l| to th Unitd stat.es,'' |s un| t l|sP l tnr We n lngrslod in Lheoq t tlreror,ut ]Yl su

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soc }ith lersin thirys(hsefuoiioal lUDdd f,an pPl, l gent|eman.e lsel m ndsid...Ma lsk lrksL),A uko*'n I respndd in urkh, .,Ia;i rzl., (f ue my

is f,tqnslio Ns,..Ma, I kissyonl., lnd ksd ean wc mbaed in urkh frion ] aIl hek ItwsanvnlWhih \illleerer m! lit.' lhc of Dr, Ata ri hadluhed hcxrts eaesn ..wnIedid d his lmer ritis{'rorvaskinghim: thalo|yan l. t th Poinlit js saIto reindlh rcdr arc and numr fv' meoiings. Ddalo, rcoted ]fi]nsifla| As an af,l|lh }id Iangoflh ventsrvlrihrevea]ed N immc.iale lle f a|l thinsurkh the aulhr, rvould tlre a ont Ns l' vIe |ikel lak yol LoNovemer |937,Nhntlrat female!oa]t in N and olr urkymost eutiiul ile wamed fh b Yrk iry. s. tl syi.oaid herorhestm, in s hcrLs ofo!r 50 peole lh audic, lhc 0ston in !rke' rhe rlms vhil n stage'scrc 8iven flwe6 (usually singl as florver) embc6 drc udi an eprsio! oflheiI!,hat nvIdto hnor nigrthcrcwas o esn rnodid somerinc s rlsaln hd$c s!Iclsncs lfrosad eloldpertrm wi her val1lets. r herjne udiene d shi1 sh ntlrll]d dmclnor'ndaftrm!n,llowes hd hcraul'' ndhrrofssionl her dnteher Ilmlne.nc gnneanlDrhd cnilen lo lh staeflnrth ftontrwof sats Whee nr finUylidher oh admi. etnded i her erss]on drir'she sw hd g - | L < i t J .a rd, ,|i.|\ r|io', ||o,, ,r | |JF 'l 5h ", eprsionfftion'wilh shmdhrw l reci!lhis uniqu a'sh lok tho flg, ksed n and a wm Jni|e o hr bcauliftrl eletj ofrsl.lt qs anolhI brolghtit to I lhedas a gesnlre omotionl se, letd lhe to as apls fing n1ofienl. thudeus o!c lgai dslinlayda paa i m desirel c.ssm lo! lr Ulk.ecus len in th drkns oflh udic. Tulkh.erv$ arfooarhdto a! seenn1eflng in m had,so thl hc p]ad

hrDlh lll . r.old by dtd shji

frnnsl.ina lositjon rhet h mm$ou|d cptur nlm the ' on |vd fmi]|ios, tdie lrad rcivth sml|lrknh t]ac lr to iferdy th,t, o/,'ts he htgrh' whi had ben[rub. lhed.cme anothr o|outherislred of, onts. I 14, o NovmI|4. l 987.|nnrsl lmal Puliehjnin took pla, oneoflhe orean]zat]n As fiomb6 otlhe Fdedon,lhe nrkh.Amricn Yo!n1 Asso.jtion d lqu$eddreutlrI Ie. l sntn hibnif, ol.his naterill, d ol furc on tc jed l Urkh ArmianhtoryWeofcue|iecdoyngo] and just stated, on t|]e dte Ml ndl trida lrgeoniof]y Drpl ltjn|fatualnrfolalionto t rkh ntrin Ne YIk n-\,, amned lh tIeswith doufrellio, boks, u|datl. n h |whih tiom Amen]a sous,h udin.l.lso to hv hundred eoplgl t chart rcviw suh fib]e ftatela] lr dre fit.tin. nd lrncd ereldea|o|then ow tI},ftonrthotto. mnerjdto lh tsel lijnes,|L ou. fonswrc wllrcci!d. as olcssio5 olapliation toud dp1, us l 5 . o n , l u n 2 ., 9 8 3 , d u r i n g a r t i f r l P i m e i n t . l ro]lcn urgut ozl. we rvelnrtrdud him xnd h wile to fol thsond timc(thfit tjmehdnin ]985). ouhanse ss .rd]] xssis nd |respt!d aletiD werreiprc] A1, dir reetiD givcnin lronor |Prcsidnt Kan !mn. i N\l Yk il, we wer inl.oducd h .l]enynd he a t
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sory oflitc offils w ha! fut'aL]hv shared nrnr a reac' lin]d aiallo o|our ''Fnendlulks.'' ad amazemcnl' h 16. Alu$ ol. |988 lundthe ashj n drulklr ir|ines n Lane mut l taul,u, l oul tild jo reunionwiltl ourrulil|ailisndur utifll],4,.'./,,. lhnnd ^s dll in vious histti vils t urk.t,rlle', (f, bthr) okta Dr u]nhurkken| Lvofted tilessLi|rsitfhis usyshd|e. aF i ranget fl|owingnc whih reatd widesprad reogniti of

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rvas n' A Issle hldl lh rssnd ediajldincsin l tanul, whrewe culd rerd r.swg (in urkh) l mn queslions warcof thededi whichniuiosfurks $ould cm I hdkn\ltlra! D Friendo|uiG' ti adhard*orlr fa uniqn l d ^lx ri ws i tabll wnh h fmi|. as Prsjdrnt the d.
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and l iforfi hjm ofth |tssofrene to st [nn to niipatee fufieNol thc edja nd wnh aoul thit'v anended con|enn lh wi|eozdn,n]wife ary. andth DI, Prsnt' Aklent andhis send \ , 1 ,\ ] , v , , J | , n o | l' v , , \ , r h J t r i , o L nIo*R' i,U| svr| tls filledwil m Fedoralin), in ncdae,rrd lso i bouiuI dela' ifonat]n Dr' rjm skefit rcsnting | ]th an xtrcmcly cmlemtary itdDtin ti,andnLlided s discalion wsvryffelive' h Protlei ndl|asue, vl } less slrsful ad d N bofring m lel ire,sing li shcs *as h cofelee ovcmdin nrPrcss, aod Dr' rvasamngd witlr lh Govcnr ol tslnUl, ' audione Golemor nht ya| h rim nd I $ere rvo]omd l l,]on, fidjvrxg |olnd ouoldialandtiuit. fic in tnul,ei ''l|i1i2.1a1 i'' B . A pou]r te|elisin intfliew Iogft cal\.d (socnwilhin Us) wantd inl8icN. th tiran Ameilan ,'., l wnh n inl d ile sor} t l nltion wlrn the prposalss lirs 'dt | tno?,|od \|,Lo|J ll\i,l''oi.opDrl i) m eingwtridout s|]ou|d wasld. not nd l shuldastnr wuldb in m aj|it lsnd qustnjns urkh whi]nril|ions lo l m Akyol.\yhointNic*'d lor *'thlng1Ns intodued I' Mt to in o!atio. elorcI knewit, , t Nas sald d a IeiLrdutor rvirha youngIadypig tlrctbr the tlvl m the nratup{1 fty n it hapeDd' unneNingthughtnlee{l mjnd] te ''wlral hale l don? Mc? dNfun?elvions.qsions nr u h' li,,iil,J |ri,io*Jl| c' |,.J|,,riid||ol,,||,'J,.. o|mnu. o but a songs tnagI stae' ( w$ to a|lne

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meta| y olld be Penna. roonionsj igniand fferives cnlly daed' h qD*ios welc lhad;our sl ovalion so'ncot my mateli]. lhe inteNiw ad rvsto be taed Fresenld mlhr theIoadst ]ive'he finhd.onut. howe!r'did rhv! sjn gIr intea1PIjon du.i|]g hnIfuIinlNiw'o tidtale th giv m. the .tjit olr dou on]usivl of vilc. Foll]Ying lhc intrdution' alrof us sied n Psne lit sidsof the mbk! r. Akl s!nt nsidcrl lifie rv l ledth urkh ]a. gueso wl|.d mad it clarthl my mrsin hir in. ln rduLus' rsponse qnslios. re!a|cdthe leile wr I t ] wlih used le.ls lo immigml the Unitdstates; infll. nr to te cn.e |urkish uIlUE in oul omq hoLl I ienledl sakurkh lnd AeDLni nt ljf|onework in Ifuting austiols th gaist likcifiy |o! frurl]sh mus]i ndso nulr nrre wredesIid in ]fi adcsiv mlnnel, A8ain my dsli|ry plad role inthn]striefrlil1l u jf rpcldj AI(lrcrcd to ry |c|rurk nrusind,skd r |uld singofm lhrs fvIiisongs I was aatodand} txin|nl antiiting s!. a rcqnn, !t lve n ]ns!uDlc ]re!dmdcslc lo rvel lo! for urkvcrar 'rcss my outfoming lpntousl rvitlrUl nnd musi Nedig Inrl 10ollLmy baling.I thenbeel sie n o|d lov sngjg]v]ng il i1y esIffoa hostws very inpl]mentI1d tirlther lvent y ]sk]ngre rcad jn to lhad wrnbn (es,in lkish)' As l Ead th lerseswhidescr]bd lvc for m astrl r ome|and' 1lvl u' Jon cmrJnDsd r kyol: it $s rt d om h A1 its onlioa,Mr. Akol cnl !ludtoo. and sid: as]rji,in thgna ofthe oie|tir cUntr' ogmfuixl l 1 n , t " ' t \ o ' , ( ) J , | ) o , | | ro ' l | | x | | \ o ' | " \ r i \ e n J ]iltim ofsorvi, I olld giveou wshlhou rvrcn}ou' all ''!lI Al lh pml I slooduD,as h did.shok handaf,descd lr rydepapprciatln rexled insi].ins ad lh wordsolthe foundrr of lhe urkh Reu|i. imfioral usll Ken] Atturk 'Ne lh lhl ii+i.'1 .l'!|Eapp is h h l nscll a urk,) lv embmed ksed]n rkh hshion, and

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sre!|d v suess' ht|!i inlerlicw was mplte therodti nff, hel]d 01|r r' Akl.illc caeutilcs,ond ws was r tclvinaldin{'hD iterview rodst o!!heLm. to us scvm]slres And nlhele1fon inc| falol. as statcd d. sha whi]latr Dr, lrnn iforddm thl hc hdeegntcd rn KDvr al h slmme Isltl udine wit Prsident jlw wotrldlike to fuany him wc of lstntnl.and askedme we nol relizig ]ight ieto merwnh cl coue agred. scs l.sin.ele iitatio for Dr' iim x|one.s iuaryinl]l (.r. sated th Naningroo. Dr' Ras soltdir the PEsidnts in and ffi,o e 50 losct tllc Prcsident not t c b|el et \lth dP!intnntut m} d*l' as nol hjm ei. wuld ol rajor lh. Ltr w 1vI told lhl d ihetr onvesaon. to e def,jd, Rh werestd ouide, \\h PLesidnt lamed Dr, rnns gusts | ja gusts hl1''askd Prosincal the didn'tynIingour YUr !llen}'the invn.on$as tor e sn on|v. . askrdh aide1oring us intois ffr. (urk h ?Isidnt in.omrlr h hospillit lmais ) would r]\' .il. us. Whcn tlrc aide told us the Prsidnt my nrcnlraedlhrugh bdy h l]ic dt od,N slPdif,sidand seed lh P|'d1lR'dD, nnnoiP,o, $ a r,d,,| c.D.' ''ut ae, h xc]ind, d |unertn]ry paled lh Prsidl's o H ] knw th manl Whrn djd I fuetim1.. lunrdlo Dl rim as if ti searhi! thatn$Ir thc As rv slrokhnds'D|, rnn rernindd Prsidnlt ad New York hoteln lul |'.. l98lJ lr en drine eeting 1a gv lvilnhis wanadordia|dmnol, us neholr ths Plsidnl' wcpresd ourl. a ]ncth iruituLdia|gu' nd tinrnd{had tl fol ound Iialin lhe PrsidDt eiling us s. mh ofhjs rir. nd I surcd hi]nthalfry wrk. th gralcd. Nolld nnu for trl on ut al tlrehme lc proisws mad.l .ou|d nl n m} lla!ivcd i0lurecfffiswouldi|ud anloiosrah. thl Duijrg drivk.Dr, Ii omment.d th .ifmet oui jng !t rowddhtlsevr| the wks IliI,musth\ ntctd

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'aetill8s. A. t989:on Junc2"J.N* York ogrsaD slhnsoLzad in ts'ctfr mmof t lrkh.Aireinommunily vild Ut ns to e h e!sls i|rwsslgtjn D,, DI, jirn requstd tojoi him rvil Mary ad I Ner r.! xd his *if A!I, in lhjs hlric veL: on iet he oc$tnd h sti|sonduIg'ou lasdt jnludine satchambI th loul oflhc aito|u]|dine n etnsi! LatI rv \rcr tk1o lh n. d lc .us f lte] s ntrt]!s, jn viinia to frt his f.ril} a.d l hv Utlcl gEssma.s hofic lunh0, ouhosls rvcrcosi rdial,ndgelto hslcnl.lh plob. l]N liiag uromrnunn' xd Dr' |im i|rtrdud t lhc ngrsnnrn lrernerd i tlreri]nhmin thc statel rePtio meelnre !t a fund.mig us l N Jc, svenl mnthselir'As \ o!rsd' rcstd th trlkh.A.nenjn]ss|e.nd as. grophad o rieommetry nIedus, olr host gressnanslIZ natd: [dRald. re aoulwih t|reonersslo*s o vry know]edgeale nlis suje( Nhih i\ vrlnt]e, would,ol Ni|]ilrgb,ddrss oul summitt j0nEsolulin1,.' the onsidInr Amea ''onglsm. ol h ws t|rersns ou. F',l/,/Il,' t9:00am, conlenienll.r wuldlomoirv ou.str: uliousluglr} a]| wlr had his flas fl|oedr an .. erd lil..h]lng my Bul s exted'th nlvittjon|ol m 1o add.esslhe suB. |n .Iui.alihol Nejat Mu|limhljs]tedour ho'ne in !side. f sho]t rk fo| QUns. thenist ti, ot njn scerd rlnr y' ftids f orrst hnord ne h literafu.enrins Y6 urkislrpl. ffonson haLlofn] asfollRcd0rhnm] u nrmel'''dw.rd. r us brc h hdslaftld rilhtlrel.]|owi|rg From shouldelt satu in otrrhoor i te nt|of lstUlL..

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sulra dtlng!hedgtlmn. is n xpresiof lov whj.h an th ne!r frgottWhenh vild our hojne. rfftedl. rt as a h niefoltoman fiseun' a rnrent hxvcard wc li ra . Duri|rc|939thubiquitous rmninResolutio oncxgainm b|re og|s o|th Uitcdstats, the Armnian.t]ate MIhDts'' ontnrud rlntlss thrir pes(|ts uon^mri t PoIiliians s rslution $hlh \ou|d hale th gvnmenloft UDildslls re ocizthe l]ed AannianGnide,'' llgtion so aD tl]| voidof h dcrtin undrlh leadifDr' rin sked rifl ruld svo starcet. i|r$Iiti|]g. epre$mg nfl my FF II stivo rllcdlo tlrme]nl]egat]os' sttmeni lo b as y was i ooklctfoan xnd *ou|d e sntl ehmenb flh Dld Uildstts snatcndsofRcprcsltativcsoou ] 8red. o of Epligm! thoughts affw]thut,ny|orr ltlnr Fs itcio. in llfieolatlmynd!nolry,] tokln thtoth vriLy o1.nrteslnnony, ook]l\Y!s titld:'Arnin A]|ee hr tnrs: Fatvs,liti''.nd! py was inded sntto ahemrl tlreon|ts, hatyerr t]t rs]ulion d|ld. vas ulternd a hr lhat' eselssl th|t r'i|l l*'as aothr Armn]n aI .. ResoILrt]o aUsnrg Urkol.''Gide D. 1990..Iaul'a, th] ^n extraordi|rry melingtook lae t t]re PlzIltIi Ne{ YoIk it),,Presnt rvrlh follo*ing is e| ]y hsidnt llgtrl ozal: h l|en Nti2htadern'u kk Aftba$ldo to wrinctn] o. vlk ozkir' nsl lh GDera| NeN Yolk] Dr, r]n]'residelfth to Feder,tjoD' trn. au Fede.ation Dirt^'Mr l 6rtr' Mr, rhnlay, d dwrd ls', Duriglhe liuiLlu|andlnclydU*]DI, !in plsntd p o n1swrsttemnt th rsidt' lcryonbsrved l As hinr ln siie,t Prsideal rad lhe entir ok|ct, sls dep]-\, e jn, rovd eplesd h re]ation nd lo

. on My 24tlr' lrdvry sial gusts our hom, dcr * ijr our friend Kmlseekin wi|roUght I, ad fourhonle U*islr vi.rnso|e Korean Wlr to ol| hnt. gentlmn vd hd

in ftom urk t plrtiiat olr rul urkh ^mriDa Pamd nr N\' York it he qre lfudljmrss.wnh our and ur .otom hoc'.. he! mn* h! sork' oul hosPn]ily, lamedsmfatsliofi Nlr sgknr's thy hnod us b r' |t stig wilh eaulifu] us |aque' }as el n m|elhdn. lok 1 ]vitht|reMyor oI F. selmerls| a torialreting $elofrd l|]fol|oNig Nw YoIk it. the tln. Dalid Dinkins,e Mr. at h I i il, 1| PsidenrDr, Ata Iinr,vj Presidl A Lrkll y scPr o!rd tlr ehml I'ls' dlrd shji. and wil a slryanda pitur ts tltag' of, .rdjlmeetins G. splmr 28t, hop vsvo|od. of th0 Ukrili.othdor ur d h ajd.hld cn invned5 gUsisofou. Fderlnn.l lheuallomldinnel at lh i|tontel i N$ Yrkiry, obsc ofth Repuliof u[k' l oth stF|hment ing i leration rliglousLea.Jer. l hd aid Los atrealion II Go as rspctd |osonttvithhim t ih day hc l0r hun' andhv nitaied a. grcldll Grre Bishvselolod. with a rcsud]ng dldguests | mgnifienl plls as h ws ]nldued. at i D|usj.n and ih o| seh touhing th tirndsh]betwen oles iJ[r9]n.d on lrom thell |and oLrh yr,l d reeived H. DuringNvmI r ah ot y ParcnG *s Foundti. nilil f 11ol a wl| n firlh ] hadnaJved thc elctimrigraal n!frs xdountry t ttDor thentoill sn Ns heldal lc Ya| Uiv I. l99l: o lebrry |6.",a nfrei w$ l the dlinition| the lem siry nd lh ti f dussion ..Gnid: her, lh Rea]ity,,, Bnrg a istnio! l hjeher rhe ot nd ih Pr]ncils |runra to koN|dge larninnd dedjrtd iels. thUnivitLaw slroL].ibedthUrkh ns 'l(rrr lhe the on' vollranozkir by maiL'i tlrile!nlaad rquest. prF tiiptio ith rkh cnru'ly'

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he ledemlionx'as inlmed and a slou ofUttNntl lededt onlrnj lvit roIssor w s, Das, modmlinc Dl dr vent'sralsekrs seald Ulad at talwrlalngoul200 jf, FPl lh audiloiu Amne lhrtoj.s'NaziGeIm.am. dja' ad ofou ulky trredjsclssed. he lnerw$ the toit Prot RihIdo!naissian' $h ad dicultrcitrting sun th dli n]etor] llilig theotlon]an htory'ol.ursei tlr itadel oIhigher]aig'it did notnrto lhs biiIliat sh]am it mieht iht b q'pltt hvc a rkish hislnato pl s et t|retnnh fl evts| oaoa urkey' or )rprus,z6aijn, n Lrkistan, 4l 'l.o'.|\,| o |\,'.Io,J, . J '3, qJ. o|s src invnedirm tlreaudinh urkh ointoflirv $as jr. live|IsDtcd oi gm0' butP|es vasin em ob !ius|fluslrcdvhnoni]rdj!idu| slodu, idealilied himsllas! lhnirmnian, Iocdd rfut.vanrssians md l El]etions, A .opolu Ftvs,Ii.lioa okiet rvasdtributed wnh othcrmt Iial' oc a8ainth ltnl Pudies asaiNl lh nrkish Fol. |ne cxosdj of,*'uldlhint i a Presiiusla$ shoolhtri lt c]curt wou|d hv.c!ildlcr|iadted J.lerual} 28.i- rh ]rd, a sjnillr oufae tk plaal a Uniq sm.siumhld Bt uns UniveNiqr.in the shl f asahusens, herejsrjfie ok asd uonthcmany|ecturs rg thesm. du andaus ofmyd$in. fin va|ual pu|ialion cminl osjuf,' nr sesslon y wit. neherv, Dend. lsidingin Mas I' sahustls. eengivedreok y a mn+\rmnian hd tiiend waE | my posnionnainre a|l milre| lrkish oem.Dcny to askdil ] wuld lik to hvihe book, lo whih I mphti.lly . spondcd t|lftjmativ e ok tund onl1 c Prc]y$hl I in hdctd to be]another it sjrtiurk Pu1itioa' il rlofr knl 1.g 1oh,v n.efutale videne lr taf,ds?As the iefingok in .ver.the fou. day schoLn sm.siufi on 1hunra Iigtsvio|a. lionsoud thwnd. inludd svenl,fiv sh], and 1itiixns. DrdiaMil, rcletringt listhipn, the Jsts l ads ''nu'''h \rcIea totll med'0rk bshjngwasc againnthe ol.]5 ags atiulkh prsntrtins]niu|]y ? li'.s Dth shol! j r u p c u t i t h n i U k s l g a r i a . 1 ( e s . u . v l d n . o f t e t l .
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No ol singlon)e tlrgenoid the Afirian.]dian: men' i |ir.in l,. )'| c'sd|.,'' o ] | ,J e . o , l i l | i o n ' lh s u|kistan, yius, zc.al,jnn, ulks d Kulds at tlr hnds aolbrarmaundlhe orld, ollh Klr.lh PKK,.nd ote| ticrdr As rinngook.n inl r .sssio monlhs 'choIall'' to m lFPagellteroi lest surirtd !rcsntlins' ws at!Iis Uni!lt, I, tcduatio dntor shemln cichm' to lvs l99|, N resos vr reived m letlr dlIdDccmrlo' No whi wanldlo k h. ut oflelcnty tire soksoas. oN! Turkishhtoljwsinlitd l t smoslu|n, jn Wkb,' ss ilm aa.d |c 11i A ]ntrcstin ,,Amrl.n hl ous rt 4, dxted]anuar t992.wilh lh headine: r t th DiEtor ol dution, mi]d Iti|e i !tts Uivrsit..'l onlon' h ih'nrn,toeeth ith m notcommenlineihat sit to *'as merl sutnnge nflnd ry silion.thate smosin lo on.l serous agendaoiuii! Uai!it, initir||tlr u|rs jn Inl|.i. dlc.lanuar ]992su l,,. n,*, |5. dbenPuld hd . M 2?' lt nr ilton otc| in NcrnYrk ]t.lhe FdJlioa Y.nl th sPonsored srosilnrsctd ih $Ior|dukjsh scte on srss'Nufiro socakeG e dcusd ranlisof ;onnr to lh 'ilh.Amei.an mity. i.lding dualion. Un', and ur noritisin rcatigslrongcrndsol. lridslrip fnlk. t sutes ndnreRepulr lrven L]itd {'as lhe sr v'P otli]| thon|slpanl on of tlrcslkere on ws Plli Affans worldwideomtion, sPh and Korvlton 'h urkish'mIia lgislanvc onmity andtheAmeria titld: to it ! hav otrd lessry rnthrc on lhis $atemDl Inajol pu|ilellionsfin jn th o| md th vi.|sidnl flom taking ysL Unnedsiles'ecalst th tim] hdto rcstjn stlni had mad,It eJliI,ingto kno$ h to stnc etio a in urk ite.ests lh Uiil.d stts h fim no lon8e|ePrsnts n o]n]nent my art |or or t as an inslt.tiveand onstfutile and to urkisnYltlr' l nd myslfo|]ged lvrl t ur.ung]e Yol6ttel kwwhlouIlalhng t thatl .lrir nlsas we]|'

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Anr I nlude rif nrnres' I will |ler th sehI fr)' hd delivcrd duringthe sod pnc|ofte smrga,lt will c scnd orre speehs Iordd m aubioelph in Mr liylne| ws inlrodued s he uglrtth mjhn and |osel,lre lo o|ighten kish 0udiene h wnh h]5 }isdo Iodd Al on po1nt didd tlm awa]r he to fromh rared statrent,lhis to be se!rtk, sPonlne.Dn rlatd hudin l rovd rie!ee onehadwilh e llonomli o'Neill] the f. h nr seBkr th ous of Rprsetti!s, sekr] of h aoldnrg ''I do'tknw n urks i t ounll. to I, Iinre|. hd inquired, butthy musl veryfw.lrorv it thatlh didnt irmigrtc laree i nu'nbsto lh UnndsltsIikcmnlhrpo|e?ll Mr tlnrellcl|ed hd lholeht fol l'hil nd thenhe an hc sredth spekcls quclion ] dr annr: h urks di]j1me lrelein |argnDmbrs eiuseth ulks din nor epnnc pe. |ion| (r|o|i n'k t|hgs h 1|1ounr),'' wolds rolokdm rc' Ilow ould h nl e ognizat of jn ]s ids?veD if l hd rva|ed Unnst him o(nall-\,, it ou|dotrcmcdy siluatj] |or|s th ut ftrr,whneverthe p tuni0rreseald nse|flI hv otrdlhe ollingslalmnt the 3s nly aprolnt lspnse lh serkeri queslion: lrc urks did to nl r! tlr Unitcdstatcsjn largeumxusetheyhosto |nan]in thirdvastated honrel.d. ganto build nw nat|, ad with lod' $veat d ta. to urks r|ld!p th ncvcs and to ladrik uo Iik.t ltiut] build d)amic,slarreude ladhi th lth i1rrta|usll emlAtaturk.. P!b]i llis wtMr, ary ye| shou|d hvcsid,e|iel brie ele th |insrcsnd fr 'r nt lratLa|lowne Lo leatm schdc|ivered y 27. l99l: ol lr lonon|c nsul Gnea] vlkaDozkir DnnguhdLadiesandGent|emen: ^t th !ry outstI vish to crlod fry dpst !Ieitin t lr hnor,i tndin8lm lh oPofluit rivilge ad oldssig lh augnst sm| of dtiguished lad]sand gndman,Wlt it ynhin thern|molnryhu|nllfoas,I wuldhv eaof! n th deofuI sIs acrnt]ial]on dr |oqut in f of resenllion

L0l

un b0]dy durd mtji ithr t|rskI' Lls, th notto e;i th sPekel rn!v.d strLv w shaIlhoevr. eelln, ].or mlo' rlbr |nrry h to a to ringt yurattenliof, !ry Iif intduti a livnrestoryLlre ft.ort hvenverherd bclor,,\ li|c]ong |ikeso|whih trrklryUth ad on lralf theurkisho|e, hlori dastr,lih|s of ewmiuls ul as l xddlss sistes,aole lo]d in nresprc ll sl| ro l future tlr ulkh Pol, th oung urkh. llr Acrians'redfr!n ljns jlyu a'ad lil| tur hets silh th |veadIhrid whihI havllt throughoul |if , , lrausc lrrwas theRn. in' lndm frr, el.t |nd the m ro ga

I.its ndth simlion n outlrof vr nxrion thefutur th lrn$8e, the l]!llh, h.ntinutio wi hnorndIide, Pl. significt f lh n|tUI hjsrory. vel cthnieionp is dre 1ost and ut u. blvd rionty of ver ili|ized sirylo]]dlid, nd ulkish brlhs nd src, r ldrvitlrhallngs ostajes revcs ihe t'de i trnkrr\I lhrtnic to rus th Unitdsttes, i th ^merian Nws Mdu .| ntiulkish slifunt InnliLy | th nrssadr th ha|lengech ou musl our grtst ol nd urk]sho] its truehnbry' ah of ou nust the trcher the ultish hearl'Yoli taskwi]| llE hui1 af,d.onpsion of t!d wilh uh dl|fi.ulq nd flnlionl you wil| e rniizdand !s among m]nolities' ridiu]d] or viwill ! mnrorit} nrehisto''lc rt,llrc uLfu'and ivilizalionoI.thllkh l otinuelbe!nunknorvnlmonAmris,]t,olso$illIveal th elnrss e llkh Ntj.here n oslaclcwhich ou | jusr verm, lok yur orhtr:lo,. lhildrcnot annot ot ih mj|Ii.nso sheden blodfor dr rlionand sovereief,i rhcurkh Rblic ll ar tePrudsonsdughtc | drrm Km]Altllk. dno owrnenlrsl||hiadcryou. tron]usta|a d su.ss, ddla!n vetua| lo'J,r ,(iL i,,lc|1,An,' | . "", $hrh lvuld.if ssd. sidI rh lssagl xn inlamusrsnnion son of As of'.Genid,'' thdvld lmthe ofinan vemnrnt ] Annenjnnd sn othdo jts' do ot Iqunethe so-l|d . of orgenthan. ot lon sholhil o. ync' ot Gladston. ,lo |emlhe htor om ole' As e$inss to the lragl ol.lhcLa.dhd tught!slald, thppls f events l915.urparef,

r h rrtrthun old dwlrd lsji slltid tlrel!eso rvar n lhcr f,ts *'hihhistlhs ni Ierdd halc enistillcdi my an ad nri|rd nrsesho suf' y frcd andhd no lasont distnl vnts lthat crid.o t tneansan of.enocid'' agaist anniaas t|rurks. to t|]e beIie!ein a itll faIshod. solui ad ylh. Ladics nd Gent|reD. or kid idUlgnc. shal]co }'nh I LUd onmtsin Dy fallrincu*ish. adon h]ofmrvi mt nd mslt leDdto you m d arciation u attn!n, lb a} God love fiL]yolrhaasforcvcr, As stnted ve.t|r rmaindr lm spee was rstd iD L' |99| otinusJ0n 25l was htor]d o ]non mc.tal sig n'liane olr yarsfNrking' mainlining ondsf ftidship oUr wilh numeus hptrs lAfoI]a vleransol.rhcola Mmorii rnrsi' onandnlinucs ' aogm pririlndav hs to o he ur*h A]ner]an ommtrnil gl a ny hnred ig s b nvitcd t. Panjial th Un!ilingadDeditio in comon,of t Nw Yrk KoranWr vlmnsmolial.*nih Ns e prcdd b a dedon tne ''ln | llrocJ' on rdt' i! Nw Yrk it. W rrr f i umiaout 15 |e fmnr !drtin' uttellur gupNn urk]shadAnr.ian ncs'.reatd uo hundrcds tlrousDds merians. |ilerxll rloson 01m. of ws n lj. l frtof oul xihig groupws the lnnero|uI Fdclti, ehindit ws lareeA]ieris fla and |arge urkishfls. ot equa| siz,held ih uthor o eithcrside ol.ne *'tln e dr rif,ds, oo|td ]vlrold nL]| served wnh lh nrkish]|ila cndfre' Foresin e Korwar, It is rvithronDd ls! thal igr. !illon 1 m tlrle rlhrs: \'!i AL SKIN' R. SULY]\'IAN KANA. xndr Do6N AK, l t ws of,peisjn UI eroPho did t sd sm tea,I a]nl.!vrofit. lrusds unmanythousnds lAmeri s, WhnsingtheTulkishnae, egn rig adlouting: GOd r]ls n|'kq,! Thc h\+s s\l.] lrj. 1 ! Lng |^ !|k|! ^'.s 11s e|elritig romenl Ys. w bught |ald r. selturky andtheu]kh pcl, olrjo lYassuprem

105

' Told t dld-shji

jn 0nileapred rh. ,'sz ]l'I.oJu]y25th.llhisar' a ]gtlr he ncwscl, ti ofle arli|$s..Animal I',s' cmmuil 1. Njll righls,'' os.a,jnl rlgnls y netsntnc relPond i olj otrelinuLd in ols qustion lhc ad.s mind:What ni'a| oithe urkh righ and! nfcnse there ossitle btvenia| o1.theDnnd lo!r Lt me ilr fil valig lh Dre y wih$ill lellyn ll ou f,edto kn: th litel rvntren I' l rcvell u lhe ovious,lhef, will Garo AleaDjn]|rhtdesnol jn|oim assru furter antll. tlr s thePuseoln1y ooki t to ltso rnrrinUnkorvn u o| ls wi ol som nrslriUs . he afiil wlittby Mr, Alean1ln. llre dale nd i th ''An Inrn]rn born 'n neNsnlpIl!aled o!. egjnsas follorvs' road, asjd u (v slto Nit|$d lhc pssutionohis ]e | l!mte !jclimizati rh $; rcsid;tco A|cnian. nl aoult of hc rlndel tlrflj.l rf l the writIs oinionson ot d,,;',1|iqia hls is c|n| th lhesitfh comositi Amin oso$ionwilh hated,n videc arli Armnian Ds of thc inhInt$fuctule | lhc A ]nal righls spewedhrlcdf th urks. an anmalywhih aly lhe mltli an.mplhd' tale l hvjusln. ololutd hsnotytonvincd snted yDrcnsidlioaj fr oU,rieht]elre ol. lwardtonlLion to mv filrhoushls i ldrfindlhi ] oi lhis io;!h. lh adg fli]| ifomd maeamPLs jf,inlin tn hs r } the Ameni insa!blptjte htred, t noel acet|n ePrssd to onlinc osrtnjn' s t]re1m\rhlt knowL l do rcquesl by m$ml li[ts rr Presenld theaulor' oflh ]nfm3no onsidelain anly.uuDbiased ddemDds, r. ]tml t sctron pr;snldin tlr wrk' on oNLUDING rc,shetlrr muhlt|]fatsNhih I vt t rsel o0 mins: fio]n no lcs trran nithr, wi]| be tIed are n Amrnianj u. or lo th brought ulkh ress lh,rtjl rlcdl N. ugun 29tlr. av' on lh]s drtc in tlra]5i./e r'.J th resPonse1olh nil e rnih hnd n ih pssed n e|nplrati rotst.'' oasd

in rvs Frintcd ns ntilet. Nliton 'Jijd afTnrks o. o otoer28th.liivcda leltelfinrur mo$ hon.redfrind' ra Ghop vsevold.th Ukr]n]an onhodo hulch' is tresoDdeD n of mn wih I lravekel in my lils |r was luhdjn s delythat| o. , ut in tlr lnr on sef,ln sidered d]stinl il honol etin hrc]''You ar ml to o. on tho ertr]liod ehllfa|LPplcfr yolr godwolk i Iomting hamniouso'tn oflh bdhhood of Mankind,''o leive \Yolds thse Iom lrue servanl God hs leftm humblgllilld of ondmy bi]n eres,.lustrennyl hv|med thal ,joyous th ishphsenlvaldtoIchho|his hurh on eha|f d f th Fedelltjon, eld our ncratu|at]ons pIaI| ad st wissto inn^rchhoP vse!ld y ail' P. l992:his hadena Usyyrnd lhorlirr revity lequd, .lanua s rsu]t ]ld. lurffons witArlrislrP vsvo]d andth Ukminia Inm0nn', rvhen vie'plsident 1 ofthrifran n niamnt, x.l]eRft !llu $s viling th Unitd slals.I hadaprchd Arhbnofola possi] Ih ott9n hls ojnmun]qr the Urk imanfiils, mnoae' and ^s h ilngd elsnalnrtelviw wilh te dnor | lhe Ukii n$s!r'the syoDol., h ditor inElviwd th v,P. who re !aledl |i8ht hundreds.fdusds u.la.rinns' f f vi]ians andteeujonofdr peplfromthnneslral hnrelands, h uth.was als ilxiwdciving inlmnin ofth ldltin ourk'AIianAsoixtins'andurounity nda}rs, rcFtiof, Q' Frur14lhdurnrgadinDr civn ii horf thulk. Pri]neMintr, ]lca snlemanDmir|. rUght t l.. and ]nlroduced dtin8uncd t*o religils leld: the nlig ther ImmI.rheurkh Munnn ommunir. is ae hop vs. and \'old(at thal tnn h ws h) Photosl'ere takndnrn]e lhn tIitheI|y dilogue h lmfu's e:ullrstr, R. on rch ]'', l lh UnndNatios,ic lrnrr rUljs |th
r,, .1|i| Jl o.J.r, ! ..L I l Il ' ,id1 no

l' t Idd ) d$!d shji

tion lhri svicl Uniohadgaind lndepedne ommntPe6. J| te|'i.lNJ|'o,,Lidn, Jg'J.,'t.|e lor,'d,',|, svomlulki unties'dAnenljwlt moglhe n'ir.s in tojoin tc ollrelalionsrrsnted th sos flagswe.e Dnft|1d ^rmnians and rFr'nrarcry UN, hre whIaboll two hudred grups' in lhirL} urks glercd sert l At oa oint.ad lo t da l kR at tr rvhatresn. $hrc thAlnn'aas glolp adntord a lh wlkds'aliom our ''nmy'' jn nd ol Whil stndjng thomidsl flh hld assemld |os tmcn'Jsal.1: eldrLyet]ntn..amc toDyne' an slrking ''Are d$rdrji?'. ih (leliv) o l |or soki|rukh and |udough nny o|e hr, l] gt]fian u.k lnd $as I|jok. ws thl Ar ir$ l assu]nd t|r wnh m. ur I ws plv $rng wh lh angr! inl]]!idDa| ig ''Whyl Pointing vcrdrr?.] shoutd m i|rurkish: !t ou slndin witlr e]ngherc c ro cre lh urks {ele stdjng' nli|rud'.'Y }oroNneolc]'' as us 1 frlt le rowdaround lcrr closc to ' emlionll, I 'You skdc a que{jn.|tme lsond |l e in rPlied ulk, as .s our polshRv lived lgthe rlh foj sir enlns. lhatsNh l slf,d wiih theln! l smoe egaf, pull olt olwhal ouldha! a tedl th he urks nlel lIl mt sid .nd a5 l rsuLl le onlionllion, nl.Ldn1 No e \Ialeto n1| outandrctuIr]nel. ivi1izlion, olh.r tr dr rudr s manin.o.nt u*h di|omas oued, bur trgt a$ssna. tbl rnd thrililins. l ouldhav ct ather m t lla'r! Uni!jsi, e rkh' s. M 9. Al tonfelee hd sosold and aF ^mc|ianulfural sity of New Eng|d' raf,gd lot Anni!|sarM]loil ssic in hof,rfih on' tlr \Yhowas ]uldeEd} ^me Tu]sh of,sul j, olhan R, Gt]dnz' was in nir ttsin ston,shustts. l98] delt]on dNlt s!jl' s lnvnddseech rrqustdby vlln Bozk. sakwrelhotroll mogtlls!rul f the edrrtj. !|k onnLl cnjl, Dr Atx rnn, lrsidnl o|Pub|ijils,teaulhol, speh Prslcd nd l Dirt

i dd y d}d l'll

hrs my Lhid finlpu]i d addss e inLude! rlris t in utoi.

A sec d]ivcred dwad y aslr.ji: on a 9, t992.in honro|te ]nnrry lh sssmatd of oar.yurkh onsL|,orhanR. iidiiz Deli!rdal: tlaard Uivcity

May l Llh ulsctorss lrr|ud m elings l.aDre]a. tinlirlhis opollunitl mve]n1y mmn Pulily's I ao e. tend m deeItitudlirr ,our kind attnt]n lv hvegl0]ed tE th da oie fonr nxrnd lar with sdcans'd wit glil lr tetrib|e ]ss, h yoag|ile of th lr o' o|naniindnz' who hdfithfu|l! served nrnorary a5 onsul i! thostonaa, rvaslken|roouid$ nr 1982. a su'uman by ] t']n a atofxrris N wrdsof.nd]n u]d hoto con!thsdnss ofth urk]slr s on o.hel sonsflIvit]m ol to lh $asins As \ honrh memo'w ao murntho man othllrkh di]rts Privlrtizens and whselivesNrtakeny l }'/.- ,]'?,.ls Nno r|essd tins irids.the lo tllbulnd the IoPr c|ads whihu Iothcr, oln Gnndiiz's rightI]rll dsees. wilI .essd morc ]qlet] fI la! D)'d lfon o thepfutofth sakr' ou|dsidlhl th is ot tp. It forumlnr olitiaI msag]l onur' u! is itnotrelse| rprite s a rsLIlofnolnilasssi|]tin riesus h tody? tl ere ! nlque refor nr griftobc filledlvitha8r: drfriends' ehofus sh.rcsthocrivos paijrot thc ntir Giindiz lmi|'tnone in lhis m an feellh additional ur denlhtis fell y th selke in is teligofsuill y ssoiation; se.I m om of -\,ou .Nnixn nds.a-oltlrd fu lpure nrents, wasthenhilosohy Io! tbr |l lhinesurkh U|ed with a liftnnmitmnt t lo lahng dre truthof lh evenlsof 1915 i! oltofian urky. Nhih rnaksm shmod of oi l igionisls l havegwn }ry o|lh ndstreotp]a| attituds loN!(ts lh urkh Pcp]e whih emiiols hvc eslrd th minds oI s a|ldintllctu' in liliims, and

t0t

hrult Nl D. Told d!rdr.r'ji

|hiehel s dno ! suhn difie snnilal t th ntnntio w dr a antj|kh rlreloc |caig'hrs Iled rn solxsi ai]intionwill l deter!sjus s jt did.t lludoha dearbroth.re iindiiz nr h faillul sni to his peopl Rslssulcd wilh u| fjllr]n G.d. oul hd d sisle^.our ]swill ohnue u| xtnded lrjedship. ha lll|ed*ilh lov orall e]sh]s ]n lo Nas andontis e lh leer|vI, onraGijndii7inrhsbeen lhtr b' b ol.th. rklr copl f{tr and will onliue c tll Lcg plus shou1s and l|reao! sllmcnt. At t]reonlusin lt a.] lilIedth |r, *'5]n ovali$hi l.olId nl hvean Us d ticiatd' sveraIdilonrts Prlssospploahd nh tIc n! rh |1 s\|n||: lh 7|.1.1 \th1s mcUsqncsiios I wndcrcd as |rd Larcr o gron !itd th mcte s|rer .lr brot|]cl rvasritd .n IDam,W ]nt nlid torsl,and Msli raer ndlns \Issie our wilh Ms.nndiizandhIlri]drn. , JU]yl.., uel0r drati e |rontdoro|N v sttr. Mr' agisl sPoanler llrc in NY,lI l's a p!eh|Prlst dis urkstuth onas hanifendool.lhltntati \ f l ' | i . | , . \ , r , J J o l r , g r . , . ' J ' j ' e ' L . o o , ,i r ennis oft surr o|lmic nes rn l|lis.ity larcln. ded lresl anJ sDnr AoUt]0 pleIiom otrl l.dcmt]
i,,jJ'.o ,io

f eantt|]cnr* ,nd th mage1nl Nts, Aroglh mm|l it Nlhie lheir tl!io srens, as hns f l'or|d$idc. o we oI.lh rae. l turkh pcplrvh. Dre ds.rilinofrval$s sno e he lllNin elat e hc rc]visioD Ioadasl: MaIh lNali.ns rvaLd ef,lrot tlre ]n'1asth utn5. ftonrthePnr1anDg rstive lenofalh]eles Nas Nas senn th field.rlrm |n]c outry. flag oleh nation lrd systcnr. Duigth]rful c n]trodud ovrihe u|iaddrss l]nklng n]seIt t dlnrll latis, rmemr ] itinnrtlodu.lion hP! 1l1 lh erc \i!1 r |1a,,arial Iuk la1|h u|kish I rnd o 1} inh.J|1n.d p\ai: lur aE a|r]. dUIi|re sjmi]f is .mmrciLaP whnk N5 aboltto i|rndud' ssion, !ms. hdhapcncd ra wasntst]own, lh ut pcll.d and n|ke 0

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if onrn]|ialen durinsillodut]n' donsrvou|d lhe nde srnndat thc ndofth mmrcjl. thlhatial squn wuld otinW]]I lid th v s.eD, DN i |992' l lYasdtF minednot 1oe dfurd nd if te tIehon rng,I wold nl had rv aswrd e atios n, tiued be ]lrodued. n1 l tn mercial m.' andwhcntcommr]l dd hard:..!nis]al l l hdts toLiveth lic tlrreRol|dbnolem, lre Uin tcnrrvas shownnd frrtlato!r th sakrI h.d:l'iilkil'' (urkcy)'Whi]emil]ionsL P]wre sig to set rkh 0!g, lh tcLevion ac.as wIovD AWY lrom thelrkish team adfocUsd lhe huodrcds on oflhlels ro.l en$|ed wrc slndine lain tcntrol.1e and i fic]dl ho sortsamoune|s otinud or on seveL lo tois whihhadllrint wnh drliontathxdju$be d introducdl h dsardly bhavior a 1sted, s.fis Iofssionl qujtssti] lon osumd stI ws lh al rnitlr dl0sions ot. surntri!' nm ob ostas,lle sllxed h !omous l solged.cforrhis fi!e|i!yl Elfcsiona| Jouma|nr. nndff I th v nd pldd wlite a lttrl ndemnatio NB.v t to Nevs Lett6 ot plstrom io$ 1heationouredin to l\. whsnly Iesonse lm |et1el l llkh Anlga arc wxs st Nclnhe]ess, it was lhl n th dy uI dm oa rved s lhl1hc!t o|mvinc t tlvision ama aya wolId nol detelth urkh Arcrians from lking en rp|Pla fion lh proud lirnrilrlntiDs. ''knkigon t dor|N to s:W R ]r

t|i!, PRoUDAND vIsL]

Lesllhe readnrUldxsk: W!'] oul Iesons B osls : an ethnik wh nl nl dsled hinLl bul h peols Ne|l, ]|rsitellhe ob oslasesofth wond' tiol elmu$ ontinn slrh ofhannius in rtxliosblwe rendkyj o ]tstile ha! muhin furo eop]es
U' n '3' \|dbe.i I .l|,,,xJ'h'

Vi lklm'' whihwas lrostd h liiedr, Ghazi ankhn. l

j,d,ld ol5t ltr. ' J'J| |r.1..,lI in, lp|.

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sting edrat]on.|urkjsh.Amri tlre Ass.ia!s,t1ro wanleo todrwlh attnli o|t trs|im.ofimlnily to an impoant rqt
l

erul d c Told drd1ishj'

i with wih l hd cnnrvollodfol ver fiv y, a| l rhcmto NIit to thNcN YoIk il! ui|adt th ljslne ws for l Dpaamltf ranlP.tatio.$ir ih im aljng lh sussi Mlninr !i pIkinregullioas.l i|ud sid f ih sLlel altmate l sius lidavs' svel|Musljmounitishd .oI ya |aord sic l98?. a! l lal! Nsd. nd *'ilhjf,th ulkh mmuniry plolt'hade onduld a hn* in tetireles ejo..s th mjo ''nendolTulks''' In 1992. fillhanr tatn tnc est la} it tjan ohdx's. in th ntirccn o| fRanadan and KUan,bot uslim sjd NeN YIk' l thrcdsa'ndtllc aLlemt of thsrltk. mcsuj . rrsbend ing ruleswouldbe SUSPNDD!y]o v. on oler 22nd,theNe} Je' stt senaE was onsidIing th rcshlion *ih Nuld mfrmrte 50th annivaryol thc s } ingwlmd ottomanuI* in 1492, a rsult Iwishole fils as.svn] |nqlitio'ln suIl rhe iifmous sah ofoul edr,tins Nl! as tim tll Amen.xn s' rDlesnhlivs to statentls the Frindsof Drk.madelTliv itinof.Irvish tc h lrhr in his omfinls mplrasizd seat sub mmitte, tola] |redon lhe hriians ad' and ontinu to enjo to dr d. th lhcirlsetj! shls othcifaithwhjle mlintainig Ili adonted' reslulin unnimousl was h

Rut Prcsidt with L| el]ny W. on ober 2rd'wc r1 l Rpuli NothmFn's, fturkish Dkla'' Prsidnt l 6lh. . Ailrr 'cals |l|oa,on No!]ter we fil! hxda pnl.l in J Archbho ardina|o'on.' h meringwilh minne liis fi Nw YoIk nr' {as lEly Irtl the derlion in r' Al!y. lh vicendent|, onur im. dt|re Presidet, n]n
L l | .L f i | . ! ' . e n o ' i o , \ ' h 1 | . | o " ! d , i . n \ o , , J ",.n| whihI ][d d s a slldnt in s.i]x rr nal ltimo arehm sholin Nw York ily ololr 5i] eanir'Re. xaljer Prohil Nhen rdinalo'onr asd a\ra] tlyv ehartkcn $ shlle!rtrelh' \Ynht Y. |99]. June]0.i. t|rldetii hd rivatmetnre ll2

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Gem nsn Gen]i New York jt he tlon, Dr brhlld Koehndh ide]vlomd $]|o*'ig tlrGcrmnosullt: the at Prsid.t ehml Yr. vi Isidcnt $vktKaradumj Mr' Dr' nd tlrllhor \hos |etlg to th oasu|e.al vas rcsposibl t 1br Fo sveri'as wili umelous Grmniljes'grups ltne t o.Nzimutanls Dlttkiagand kilhrg residf,ls had lron otIrer onnties his pschxlhi the crup had omed hrsof 'nn tniu*ish w|ke6' ,nd many nrnocnt mn' w]nen, and hiIdren. drirlivs rt the adsofthse misrentAdoIl it' ]st li wilh uI r]nhati ondeationsof tes arri'urocN.Le Univeal urkh srh ha.mon. or toler,nc. godwil| tow,rd ad a]Ilions' isdth autholto Nrn andrcquest meting a $ith rfi ermnoisul ml in theitofindshiP wihh!u' llu Ul. lin0eslo eistelcneman !d Ulkc' slatmnts ao|ogyj oI soowddlons' tht fDr Koeh onldnoteliminal oD thshdoNs |thefw ht.monslrs' drats ii fiayj al thevr ut ln.!r.ordil andflnful melig proved tlrworldthalou s a l f peac ndlrusl Fhi]so! Z. Agust 2lsi, 1vsrhe day rvhc tl Korea Wr vtIns f Nw J, honreddr rkh Afrena onunn |r its effos i|] frliIinig lsrcIations *itlr nU|nrous veteran5 orgizalos, Al dler Iection hld i Nrv.'ls,svoral li|rienls wcrc duly h ored thc tfi.e6 of th hovon hater.MI, losh Pocgy.aid r, homasJeffris us f Iescnld lvn lhe Dnmnt the Am mnadls ol rnardda|.n,i|insrvio'h our gup'aruc | J F |' |, , I \ p 1 . ' do ' b . | J | l | - |' , ' 1 . q , i . i | n muniqr. humbl mostprlund our glitudefol th hnorlheyhad ad ;. lh d9s sule|yserued ow, I hveUsdretnal. y jn phet prsDting $ht 'n ptr hding dsidas ''some'' hs oul fons, only lite eviwnle fils'vl onreto ra|]ze my te ullelent o|our hun|snje lo e urkh pcPl, e nonumen' jnoral, lal hsil, nd lifie (]rot nenlion finnia|), to suort d. s siedin thlrljDs gsAv No relaldtlrtta|il'|our y6 1.w.k' drefo|]y]ng s hpter wiLl s l resef,l fu. y
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htor.l avdiddtoo'l n denla]sition urk]sh.Arnreiln vt rvhjwuld l]lnh|d. muh (!t nt !1)l tlr rnjainnre ''!icdl rks,'' s.rithismostlniqu olahentryutill add $it ''A'' aganr $' slra]|onrin 1 | r r u n e i 0 ] ' ' l ' ' 1 e h l o a l l u r e l i t s . t h n r o s l . f f t i v e . t h t f| d d 1|r mstsc$ful, on insiriae. thefrs phsia]| emo' th .vcn6 eyet l lilow es e! be!]ne rint| eausling jDf ]nlil.e]ig lvIk, uhninal hater pu]i t.gnnio b alhr .1. otrl5th, 199re|]t Wxr h cnfaL LDg Iand | Amrivlcfuns| th orean ler l th KornWr vteran\had i]rlitrdar ndlhe utrr N,Y . sheI n ]d].of glvcn io Lg ]sland' rcrin to d]nnr this Fricndofurkl. ri! a fom,] cF vert]oguslswinrssd lron the!tr Prsidetr orga.or liIilofDerllin lh twen ]Urkh haonjus.ltions in our e|].ons !nailaiing mcrir vetcl.s oth KoreanWaI, d ^mIic mm0it our ad a ee h.nord,rd olr stml o| d o1|]rrciDiets with mnd wts lrtiflldo e!ll..| or omruniry Iivd D ;hrkes.nd a loud ovalion' he eailil a.d medalitm t|] n i prtrnlol.lhe^t|n,Ieain dL fu! dn, rrsentatives ].th !.cdln -l. Dce6lh lud svra| m. tilds.t llr}ie\! Jrseslal s.Lduation ando.IcL{nh s0mittd A$mly } ,nirleNhrh *as onsidenc rsoluti b skerngss]nrf,Galdayln usniI attrpa lh s!jct f t myhiLAm1 .lxs|oms te!h in rh N Jre rYas ^mniaD Resolutj had i .qedcjd fild. th uiqujtou\ ethcl \rnh differenlbj|l DunrI' a!in sDosold tava bv lhe bi]|.hih rvasa ldugde ''i l-. . ti. ""*".t "l " 1o Dell]rp.sl aedl ol. }t'lh.' htr]a| siencd \r f@non.red h,d !]des in|uddsttnrnls L|rred his p|!*it!rj aladnpladhjs inlrcl. ;s and dmin inJnsol the e!n in ortomanurky with U$|alniln di. lr.nr .r $de sakrs \ri1|r usulsly drplion.NmLus ils lr]b. fatualiii|n|n Jl]shhtolians, nllldijreUlkll r1 rsnld whih lh saloisad jLt lrd olr lst tfuri|re ! allglions jn h was sPeker thulhor|rosueeded onling ne.t les
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Nh st jn judgnentlth urkis Nationwhil knw]f,g olitiias thing j.urkislr histoj, ie1].e.tjv sltmen ofn lhniAnne lh]n, us th hering resolutin notas, oul ommn l the did dr},t|re tlnt]n o|e tlvision cr s thy apIohd lor a ls Iiveitcrview'Ad tlrus'itwsdno -l. 1994. o Dmer,1th lth aI.xn lcnt took pg aLu' ulkh nir in Nw Yo.k it. shih l the paaiints rcfren1 br,he neRs nrdi \ou|d vere!ntl lh urk$ tel not un|s ]t ]nvo|ved blood!onotati, utth wnsm eltofIli. giUs.d cdrnichny rnd |o!]no, it$uln not inte.estthe mdia, ut ausofth date' i th hrtmas g.elings lrlfof the o Fdemtion. esideDt on nd aor iulini' tn ra aulho to |n rl.iid lhe foll1ine l c!nt as Pafi of h h|ida grtigs' rei In rspose lcn to me a reelce tolhvnt ss ]nad aov slg. th atuls ofPresldnt |intodyor Giulimi, h Arrim Aso]tion I.Je*h Flids o lrkey had h|d Morisl sei lriblte t oul e]!dlrid] lh llt I, Louis Lv, NIrynd l had njnvitcdl lt.nd ad tve wIn. d to pnllFt, President Io.lmr|esnf David , Alti hd ilrltd us t sniseto drskr's tale,lol scifi.resn whih rvstveld llr Amongnt loul flindsin aaendae wIe: Dr, le dvids. r, zahary .I' Lev. ProtissorA|te,Mr, ]scph |ias aDd othor ldis and getlcn wh aE nrme o In sphardi ofrunity In tl entel| l speak.tl mnnh haden]d dredteoin]dd as rvithteeicnlioaoI thr]ly eslivalofanukkah' srvic swilh ls praIs du arl drsignd moment, a andl rvsljchtd r, Lou tly ad beenlhe elo!dfomder |t organizstjon $ ehnd|e and ss to0hed Rith . Jnl| flame roud enrtion n|ld te ron. fter th finh andlws ln fieE was a Ii 0se'rd tlrnPlfssl DvidAltxi skoouti|rvitin8m (shnsd)to |ishtth sith .d|c rfr the speakN. tal] drossed audin vo un the o drdol nr re |lwing ]nanner s hrtians.m rvif youl kind hnol,andin tmeo|the hlory shrd dI act t uI | s !cnvc o]es tl]cUrkishh.ml!d,I now |ihtth slh n]
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..| unlit nd te utho|ntinued: lhat one .adle refuinc htoli snn of hmoD.wth yor msjon' l shuldlik tr lnvit s' senclr'rvh here$ith us' o0I sicr. ad0lkn us|im, nd|c,.. maijng r .m folyald andlight1|rr esoad 6' hnto hghl$e fin] |niltd tlraudin.end glNnrg]iglsof th molah' hreNc stodehindlhc Dd]. . ht ounn b mutual ofJewish,hrti ndslmlaits. ls to An fr|lhIhod, velt lft unkn.wD a tlr andlhitsharig dsir l.huiry. sorjd lhal hglo suha simlgestur D-1. 1996'on JUno3t.a 'el li0,* ri6 Ns im ftircd lh l'ol ''I ilme has lo*'inghd|ine: ntml PaIk we are lld ttser]ous in dc.esed or cn. ut rho lictnns l Lhousf,ds Drna|ts Ao. lhjs il|lstllouss thcs sottis' ivhihsulelh]|ene i ssau]ts inr as |c, dosnl rcPonul$'h ttri|c cr lennt.for asoDs10 c r. but t slr had n Lnusua| eopl. in hs vald'llrulhr nr|udd th ok. 'h slryiwl|.erc rldrwill nr lh 'AniaI rjghG.. psheandth bltt at' w h! a sinrilar dlat lthe Amef,i3. yho olth ne$sPxpI, m |tlryoug]vma, urkh ostrc hr'blt i i hadnrutal]zd enrlPlk, sha|lnlntind hr nwsIeorts. ullidnlit,ad and lh nwspac ttlvision th shih dsIid ltakuo en r!ld.llr th lenctnaaile 1h. r!e]d li. its lhe uf,g ]nusitacr. clcIudjng mgrph Ras desIid n dhni Jr]n,nds ifit s n o|th vifi sh ''pasiotl' sfudfil'e a$aull uhI, r ws!I ainentto t|r ltuli he l t|] atlntin hd Aanincnoidc crucht viti had s0n'i!d the !ii0s atlklPn her. t lik \ loe lherAl]neDi0Ds rmins viln |hat se ra -1. olob.r 2d rughll.l my ndsan \nodina, ]lterlrom NnzhetKan. h]s ukey Amsdl theUnitdst0tes' cellny s wnh say ir,l a|nlesdt w ]d hadmnymeetjngs hnn andh to I n hred revlLthl gjngbak m}eas' rdsso oflettrst ndIo thnrl]chrn. cpiousm]s tlruthorhs ad trsondee in. D,, Ul lh al1iu] ssi Washinel subscquent cfrbassy, 1udd ivitionfor nrel his gust1lhc an phDc hld rcsulld the l|Lowrg: i a| lrs ,nd

t. Told y Ed}0dhji

on No!er 4. 1996.l firvto Waslri|rein D,', and at e dniatio drtuEra.l spolldsvI| pePloldingrdsvit tlrcrs tcftivingPassgplnxdn of lhtr FoIthefittinr i|r]n li. l obseNedne ard Nhih leld: arji . 9a|.'lh in urkishD.lnglh I ou|dtdIgrd cnt]omn th vugl|sn. nreth mnafiva' w gl ted crch thri urkh. and did taLlo me lo !I m Lilasc n a!h. as l hdeenin nor |meda! efoleoile to d ma$}' l wonldc laknlo a holelr hck ijr ad Iesllen N namsh|] mnljned up ere; hotl the suitws|unriouswilh l areitis a|l c!rywht' Al|olthNst nre ens |t nrlss' inlLiing ir l.all d t dnrn|s wnh lfi]ls frhost. M depntrrc I. be le fo|]o]vis as was dy |t seen1s autorhs nl mlied d$iny duringlhe the lr ]nanl v ious gs.bul i]ifll dsLin make an ''' did o!c g]i as l hd hekdini lh hte]'he rtio Dealjl deskLnthsfull] ut e|et lohdl]cd aaneemnt lmany straILgs oftholntrishos rep] s tatics hve!isitedtlr 'n! ote|. attltionws dra*'nt th disp|al ]]gs'ad the 0r relquesnn nsweld: ouldnts lh l]as| tlreRuli wrs | |u* c.luselh $as No urkh fiagl h reetiot ostvcd]n llleLint nags nd lh ]]a srileo lr fe surcly indi.ated smlitudfor In anL h]s spluUs abro!l'''t'' ol]tcut Iimrvoi.I inqired.utre ''aus n!r re scnI lhe urkh fla to whih h fuplied: w qunio!v!s: Won]dtuinludeaurk. o whilrm snd js|] fl3ifDcl'sgi!en l you?'. oou6 8e would,andil NouId an holfrus]'' M ifsteet t m driverwas fo|ltldu y his de pIeiatio ltr] hd e inlmrdthtwith]f, d one houl, the dvel rn!dt n1 lb, reseid ikh fl,g' ad t flaa a l fotherations, .nrd t]gs Aftiv]ngt d]urkh .ms' I was slod y s, sj aydur,uslort lh Amb$!do' mosl hxanigung l"dy $]th whorl hd hdmnhoonleations,h acnd r lol rivit wls to begi*jth a mcting wilh embasy ofliia andrcI) .\cntatives ofPuli liios fims Lo wre supposcd sd the t i]rtIests Tulky i the Unitdstates, y pr]!t melng \Yjth h 1t'7

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l|n Aasadr Niizhct K!dnnr$as to take ron tlr fter}hilr l wuldfly ck to Nw Yrk, he ontr el mming. 1l.ifolml, with onfonale hirs a[gd 1the ight |the Ftrslse I around logmlh.gnta], wassatd a at r, lnnzildiz, who sas std lh headollhe tl.As It!' flm h lft' lh e h cduted metic, askedeahcn,sta.ting jntodu hijn/]reelind wilh my jntdutiDI ]Y$ urg.d to to tnd iei]!dsriuI Istj!s ffons on lh n| ofurkish. questins was sskd ' th ladiesad t mnja hisrry,e msy lndixtd tlreil who eennmen' Nr uslkiet om crmts' whichausdmohti kaowlde t|re on subjet rillck fstua] of Lrkish sntijnet le Uited slates'main|lc neianal]exin lh dlni|llkisn htr tjs and sith xissins ol A our nd hlfltIlh ficling nded whih lil].l] li', or re.ixlion iif, 1e !ftiianls thointimatjD lh r, efordloumig' ozi|diz nrli.ed sI |th notoks ,You sehow dcdiald as]!]s l the Mr adding. lgs l tlrht|. pplilro!' n,n L us t Nodrsld havllt tJ thc urk1sh After t!rcwc|lel tings, i ss sondto ]n hot. 'nm n! inlmed thatatsi{P,m,'lrvou|d liked P ilrlhe lo, Lob tk dlw t a ls wi a oretllreljs f lh das h vening tltt vcnls, on]Udd it hsd bena lnitfuLeffon nd iqs. adur sted moming'aftrbrxkfst, e fj|owing jai the Arsadofs most impre*j! oti.ie, \ve gretdah m m r otherwarmld l wa! invitdto Iesen| thtrglrls. suggs oly i|| lladan l lh rofi lhcE rYBs tins. andevenm omlainE oathrPen,s' sina du,andsin. it s rivlt mrt'ng.l shall omit fianrfrmentsWhat is vtn| lmtanehrYe!r l did nd $,s ad n9rutiv, es' tlreftthton| ehnge cLdial ulth ral i l ifmd rheamsado| dl1] havea onrPlint' in rial in m osssionNhjc I hdrcscntd th lom ol blie hiition, lhe urkh entr,i Ncw Yrk jry. Fr yem l l'd I al iomed mny offiialso!'tho otniol.m hiitin\j.h I hd Nltn1n sonr an oks. nmd A Amri.nLo! for Drky,', f LtteN anl] thc ottomanrkh lagulg'isofm drusnds dc' oluns ofholoeraFhs, ]ssu' afiicles th Ann|ria ublisd
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pitnre cjrts ds.ibed thes!es. we]las te auliful oul s n s ol'ur ''oltonran'| lrom,filesoL ulkh rcrd hotocraPhs oL]tion uequaled lhe Unilod slts(uith ra' rccrdln8s i|r cIos tJ |00 ]rrs ld). a many ,ls fulnrg th Armnina|lgtins' num|lus mls lsteroryial inraes ourks,lo $hi r-\,lt' 1ofPistreive{] (n lttfaolocies inPfralsjnle ofmy workNo.ordedin t|rio), Duline my lne omP|ait, askdtlt|nasnor sae l lhe qusti whih I d skedol jnanypcPlverl| ad i writins: ''Imsjl1ing l. dont ntilehiitin rke),, t whoserPrsn. ltivoshvesenth mtril. a ne s slpDd nt N'ardl r. eiv t. wat will om my e of*'rk, pricls erhii of h amb$ado pomdto edno tnnsfer.Aasadr $ \,/|, nd|'i,\d f, . r' J5 d J \ \j'd' |-i..\.*,'''. ofmlifudefor our hu.rlffons hl|I.ulky tlrenrkh !d e !it t th urkh enba$ was il ut lm Plscdl ol. sa lt Predto bc vry suessul nrstgraliliing l ll ilis and nnred. vntrem]ns vjl ]n jn cmics, F.1. Novfr. |5. 1997wsth diol fi fil of thisselisofni ls $hi hdennlhedinl'e r.,*,7n,6,lh wckly nws |ated i]r pIoflh $cmbl f uh'Anian ^ssoitjns, Washincton . !h of m]rnumerous D lnj]s hld ee u|hed s drri n x'ord was evrde|etd nl fronrnr of. .iust I hdwriLl frines. PaeI. h rihhndrintd fonloul idividUal Icnrs for ,? ygrsere sriese!r egan, lh udIthe din8] .,, ..//"./ nlrlr DoJ,l A rjendoi the Tulks,''pulhdmy nna| afrj]e on Jnuar 29th ]999 y otern]es a|ways 1osujedsofulk. rlaind m, wilh $rng fiphs o dr mrenniema'l rmin mlul to dre I,,fun fi,'"i |r the hoj lh hsnown m, G. 1, oIober2?tlr,l997, is th dtcltho ltlersnrt thautholb the Ulk osul eela|.ih o' Fuat an|a, |ttelws rnaild logrvith! ffiialltlersel lhe osul.y the inlry f rcinAfns |lh ukh ovmmnqlh doumnt daled as otor 24' ]997 h oltnt of ea trcspondn. petaredt lh au 1petitionl drUrkish Autorjtis e gmnted l for rms]n lt9

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tttand h lUfu ulill i rkhsoil fterti! yarsoLcountlss Ur |tqunentsj fial r*1ng fxs,nd lUowigaIl lg1 PLac' hdbgranrc!, fm els tlrDrlnd |' . |. \99a| feo |lt]|i|h"l] of n|prcc loy! ^ ycr t unl t a manges dsIie mstsignjn tdhIIl !'uld rquire jn tokplaeia l998 andaga]n ]999, te!ntwhih nle toli vnls l rustnriv to conis i|r des.ilng wn eoln'h'nI afr ]naf,y fiials ad untlss whi. ilr]udd presellothrrdIthemn meDinel one,gin l ab]Ionm. \Lhich ontilrus glid m |ile andm l' k] othc dslijr ar] lrkh atioandhr olc within thc le ffonsn ehlf].thc th rYj|l vr|loked] ls fllowienmtiv l'm ea]nsomanrs . .]nes$r nt otaind n.l inttioal du to tlrfal tain ul fol |osl ln ithrcase'l aPologiz nr ms]n oI nras ndto manelin dr Undslls nd in urky.I hadaskdlh san fh m qrcslin and i ltrr yc ea tim t lrd epeald qust|on' had cmno lne ofimptiin m voi (or in m wlitings). of h qustin en:''wht is to bome m-v lrad nls f 0r 1 on a} 22ad. 1995, lra! rscntcd hiiti a on. jn Nw YoIk it}, s .i f te da !ie!v]ngat ihe urkh tcl Nck'loec!nls dlling our rnnu]urkish AmriWek ,nd P. w lll ld ]y \ljend I wle.j ol nrc mtrji uldtk'annla. , | b , l | , | u | \ | , , ) , n i . , d ' . " d ' | ^ U n o . , , | . ,a l ' ll0 chllt ^monglhe jnan, erinineto urkey andoul fforlsof, vhih l hadnamed'on ^ms wh visitdllrhjiti oP|e lhn deaiti for th mo* Lov for !rk.,.and cprssed lmtt.il, *ere th fllowielhle nrkishon. ]njIahn unil]u llhe il o|Nide, tlr Yiizba5iolu, tsmn: he l]onoIeRjt.at onlxlD' G|tir Yaki|r'o1.lhe.ity ofAfyon. nd th orab] u$ riioflh ny fKon' fm euidedburotlh e t h gentler. lhe ompltion IN tlrtlh shu|de resetd tn :nillioa,said 'ith ef,has i vain. ur!' Als, eirprmsto xpedite h n eventro!d i.n. f t ltin. durinthe subscqUt therrasons' f. frn.s offi,ul nothiewsloin.d nr ws on,gtlnron I.eletedto ]!

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desli]ry, dIr 'a ltrtirlfillmenl d was! ahieved] lnvltr' An tionlo my wlt ry andtheudrI. frml i1ry|u|lrl h ultrinlli of m5noilcsndens rsu|ted th fo|. i |orving: eha|fofdr on nrterlultur ollhe Ruliofurk. i tlreajt| of Ankr,we rvrivildto resnt ehiition iry our fol uliviing, to startwnh ifrialopeDiDcs rmonies, egin ingAUg* l3lh' l998 adcoludnrg Augusl24. |998 efo ontinui|r8 wn the venls| ! st sieninnln. dvI thepitl in it lAnlara. n inutuDthc uthor to gDizc somcofth ldisadgt]rwlr ern !ry hc|ful d the monufrcnl| task ol palina t inomll|elion o do.u]nnG fiateria]' nd one agnrI apo|ociz any nanes I ]na lr havnintentional] orniltd, h nrter of llxr !lce]|en temihnlyj tlre nrtrfDo.nsc llen nret szginith nmblllhn UEu.glu,Ditr f !.rcie. Rltjns t itl of ulture; l.or Mr' alil diiq of Fo.igRelatisfor t Nation] Librar' o| M]nist of u|tu: l,lonrxlc the FikJt Un]u,state inislei I, Aldia and r Miimtaz ldi].Mintr ofi]a]s] lgin rlrn Ms' s' i!to! (Giio Akinlu'lh omils ol'1hNlilLirr and of tlrc Mnlistry |ullu; ' svnr9Ya|nn.Liraryoffiil,.ur gid,h*ss. loittoldiatI, vall. oul bciovd xd s$ ie.i DI, enk nyiili]nl,wh was i a old wn N n l ]m and h famil xk in 1960]and Iinal|ur elo!d kard! (Iodr0. Umhur Akknl o lhesand an othcl o1, Dl wo grlteful, remxin lmaIly Fro nrmnt wilc nd 1 ved in Ankaa(owek m ftI oul landingin lxll. whcr on the !fuoft i had een i|rtets liNd by lh ies and rcieljsio). knw it rvsgoing to bc lh Ne ]noa itjng *'eekfouI ]ivcs,It gans s sod i |ieehidat lasl o hudd pole. ha! or sspfls to sl]ned ! tI y offiaL,sin n onewe knelv$ou|de tr,we hodtht rr. sttiv thNiiof,ll L]brar of wuldt |ast .cse.l to tkeUs t olr de f,ti.n,Il vas ging to e a lg n Go w thogt0 but sithi live miuts distinguhd genllemn arhd ad us ..Doyu hav ditlonlt] skd: Dasspo]1?'' l lholght l. foyslt n]/f' ./lo",dli.z

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''N. w dont,' lrc qucstd l. * rsoase, nI po|irc r'! ]s im' ^eli I thghl:/,'e dnnhl]1ia\Iog? ]'irh a siga thl rd:,'Diplorl1jc W wl takn1oa outer ln Alhrw.ry:.?,,e ol lD. l'.. rkh td nsLjsh. assorts lI and W defo teoffiiatrsntlng assons ]tto stnrD du ur As 1Iio lhe Mintry u|tu, he rocdd h b)Jedi menc.wnh a ]Ymr smi|e, sid '''g|dil1i:' |\\eomc' Laler n wrc waflnl w|rd ,n rfiial frnr the grlil]gs. rc!ald n l f i|rlI o u|lur. Aftr lr ehD (.nslinc of 12 ie', msrshih n. cona]t. our |uggae jnd nr matIil m hibit].n Wilhin a few mi]rles lrrge lol , l ' e x o o , , , . do]'J,".''o e hadlied t tn handles, Wounldtho |drionvhih isd assting lro]n us sighdNilrlit hIs oshnacoflsonnel Wc wrulgdto lk lhe aion l theholljdtenup l our sune' thatw wou]dg. dimnto thc Nl n hul ftese nderd rcasosth author at r!n hrc muhwhjtbr vions se ferl jn Iir]| dsrii venls. o0ntlsnnfo|e the the shl| sPokwi.andthilofth sussffuyhiitiiutw 'ork, ofm lie's to suintl lvalthulminlion nriv of lr ils on ugt l8t' t998.rvnm mpi|atio m.lrjl ofulke}' $thin \!s rsnld pulircvie*''in Ankara.aitaL for on Aeaan s L! tr ulky|' l wilh ttre eption |svera|lums inrorlant hotograhs, to f o| th enln restatio hudreds nms was .?oa,.a the Nr. ' t , , N ' i o LI i . ) gd !s we ntrd hug rptjnarea wiill 0 ]nod0 uildins. d sntinetilil. wilhjntvonin!les scvmlLdis gent|.mD sukn (lom I hdoDtiDd jn re$iof, olgratnud) w l v]no0s in qorkedfor th Nlional Lirarandlh intry olu|tut. .aPnie us, ln tlrittiont was a lvc|etjte oungld Nilh rohed |erlr lldr dr eI .n. (We'vc nvr sel her *'ilout tht 'lhitry f|derl) 'as Mrs, s!inq Yanrm.ad\las ssignd she

t22

|'ctlt|' \rU* 1ld t,. tdBiid rlji

ol|turc t b t or sid,dunngo l0 da vil to Ankam,tve did lhin8d wnt nowqt wil|ro th rir knowlcdgc o|our t,,'.?' hr Gto sclina, us lb]d oniuedthe gla ofou| nret' ing.ess adrelvi inliews.Isne t|re l ehiiti' olr and delt|e dai|me, Nl only Ns a r nddriler sjenedtJ Ls' utas we wrdrivnthrough vded stts thc o|Akara,e o tinuously herda Fo|] stn: ut lhrs'as vehilin trntor b. ary wlra d . ''].s comingnlm /,iJ lj Wc wr sechlesas we $thedo|e lnd vhilsrk ya for th ar i wh]wo werelssges'We *'iliv. frgt . ing drivenwith a l.ud sn and rtating |ue|ilrt tlrelft of tlre to dnlei We had lq dasto omplt urst.up. anr Ethng th nd Nll lightdd sith a h]gheiljng.Wn the asstan ofdre IiII} nt.t'lh nlny d Ies wr rught l8cthrand ilangds qested te udrr, !ntl|cight ieesof oDr lggae nd oth ofm rifass wr rought inl lh rom and itemrvas Pened lh floor,e mssive on work ecnb colrjg |5 log la |swnh hrg' red Plstit o!e. roughtfm hom, ] hd gathrilrg ijrfoflntin sent ljfet]nr l the wicltthc vil had !vr senfo, th h.dt rlctresenttionhd |rge d I sjen ad wilh lhc nmo|the hiitio' o |aed a tipod, Near en tnnen, |arge s'asa low.u statenrent rYl o| cm nlkPostr! rsh'As lh lis].os $ere dea.tig, thIe ]vs 5imi|r i*D{p me sagfapIecition llreU1hol nrirvit t th hinion' fr Po. pLeNantedl hlP us with the set u. ll I litelydelind. aus onl I kncw 8hr chot lhe l,,./'-gdso| nmseedd e |aed' to oDe o.76Lllgc st, dounnh, oks.clumns oflttlsd phoi8mphs, snr axmls ofmyrieles Urkh leordlLtin. a selind!tedto thc Armninsu. nd m. mumore'eh nemound nslaeinthis istri jitj. Dl how rvould be reivd? Wou|dit e suesfu]? n Th .eadlshu|d ovrloklh iat tlratelrwold spokrvltlr t mayfiills !d hudreds vilo was nr $ urkislrtangugei | this an i|rdjlidua| who ial8hi lrimsc|f saktlr woads mo$ to
JoL llr!| \od\.''d '',{' nhdJ ,t6t\1oor ou-l,

lll

ji htIi von h. ldr'dvld ,|i'Lli o a J | | | ' g ' d g , | | v , , I x , i . r / s i v J IN rvsvelproudoIhr'nrdd at\itlr maoPIe urk]sh;I so unctcd hiilionlougtsvera| n opening d} ol.Ih xnd l suriss ch|legs lh authrhele wast e n oiiicial pf, Mintr ofultu l'old b rsnlto ut a e.e ing erem.j monia| iboD 1thtianriplint and tlvisinleoa. vou|d lr to lril rvasectd dli!r sh] sc My wi ale me the ora| supoftl ndd: knew lh yould c a o]n|ete l s0ss,FoI n |nsll' nulnn]ndcvr ut t|rI l whd l ln m den in ur hor]n aside,Qrccns. hxllng ]if]y! 5zJ''J,,,? d o| ws.ult faethegratsl ''ridoJurks',,|'1! hl|na |11' PRol 1.].h shologjl r li]|ed lrafldsul'o/?G.l l?."J. , ,.] 1Ys silntrayr, my rva! li|ld with manmjnbis o| he sius Ietio ara hudled andsooni ]asllr lh nrdi. qujnnlslrw. !l]iltre Nrc eatlrered. MaI d svi|ra$cr vil nd i|ristlol.fiia verthh0mll rNd:thMr]slro| elrbysen silcnar had trivd'sbordinatcs eiler side l m urgednr to on ultu 1neih.i liy,l wsdlmied wa|kfolardto meth xelln Nith signs.linonoDa| nl l | lhis eoldcnonnit, w ur d in' dia|ogu. etndd hads as sshok or 0nnit grtings src wflmly rsd, h!ds'sithursnils ourcioal l srhed ary so tatth nrtIouldftetmy lrerha|t he oI nd l Mintcr rsginjng l]th Prcs! ofte nredia. hc c} trtrd th podiumslri lvs saili. fI tNo speak easct to and the !hrowdw nowl roahd odiDm. an olfiialinlld!d th mipnc dE PUr lr th MrlltroruItnrc,h ninlI look th to seli|rtrdujng uthr drcgadrer!. n eresingmy lv tbl o againl stdbeore adi Lo urk' lt lhis tnn I dcjded d lib y wa tN u*]sh' in lh urkh ficils, slmdig rt.s lan as I uld ompn}1. sprk,ndhaling o fiajor rlmithmy urkishlollar,1n} to thirpaniipatio, redd nd t.d!.d rsc|ltanked ft ].or vr, 1 the offt e\hiilionthyse oul1o nen dsrie otent oI lyith scinaIl dr inn. olL'ded om whihI hadrvrinen rve]omc f]i|rg ot. r|oasi, lsundjng A o!iin ut mosl

121

tl|d trdvrd ji utyrcwas lry,] l hadI9 herin le r0s|thnewsme di who wl vrywhcrc.joke'jg jusLoemoritule u|d l.ol nl seemy Mar orat lastlw0/i|]utcsI c itel ol u|tu' rjL]cncy ktihn alat. stnd ig it tlrediuDr, ddressd llEudincwilh e{pre$ions|glitud andm tr lhe ithrndhis iiflg Rork fol urk.on halfof h vefrmenl ] iistIresdh aPrciatjD lh dna. for lion of nr hiitio With llis $atmntoludd' the intr movedto th ntn lnre $lon' in lf,l of,n reded ]jo' rd .!I s gi!n a l)rn oi scsorslo which e ormted, t]re s.sos resh!r'Usua]| .t ionl'' th ut t] neoPl*ho rvjnarus ut iDto|alhtcr, we held As (ivitno djlfi opsit ndsof thio. nrtI th r]on lh ult) and th was t|lowcd .I]|aUt'At this poi]rt slelsl aids gnto se,arate rr t a]hs a ofi]iRl.l}jn8 imprslvc te an |arge ovd withdarkIue r ve]!et. top|oh' ivslhn hc opcndd a si8lrl|valwas hxrdy v..nclosenough 1o secagnifintwortlnfl n lYasan'rJr st(amalvssL]Yltrr hnd|a d sDt), h handadcilhc$as ade of oelai frnlah.kc,wil lrnd.pitd flnldsignsja virant]' gr.nd rd la!s and ]llY.andgoldentim,he sepalate d rund$l in lYihle rrt stands, handdc dsrid, as lr oflh r1l.a dic.as {'ell as ref nDnber ieelrasthe Dnre h nrlr Islld tGmoslcaili||gittt us s e rneDtedh]s l| e!m|e ourkis n re ertitud onr ciiion' his s]endid 'n1ns dl in th ]ivieIro| oul uniqeottoman'ulkh n me l do\ ]ie!n $ould an cggltion r a. as l m o nvind gift is sttr L an cmplfgins thatr rcsnted th t ds sllDddi]mii i wc archufibl elfu of .fi l he unrd rvaslot]nue' wr.e rcqustcd giv tlr Wc to \'linter|u]tlreacuidedloof!hentnhiitin,hntt]e s]]$ased doumts io th ottmanelid.dlnr.e akto 1920. |92l, adea.Lier' o spons olmy rnts. togother wnh dou. meDt$riftenr nre onmn.urkhsript,drN an im]nedit rn tin lrn theMinislr fi.zfrcnl andcdlss qustis onliud for l] onhou. we Nt ijn t]to tal.frm topicl ioi. s ad it its onlusion. Dr lh m* satisryine and osi rc*arding ni!mt n1 Fricndol.urks.. 125

 th i''ud nid t.dwd

9shji

in l his rvil| desnbod |ratr of th]sNrk her 1 sin!] ct mo* pfoundrssag ih enlft ol|d' he ].tr ik] orded h sonal mnrets a g!st ok whih was a g s|{| \YmdeNr wy trxot]re ifint suggestin osvinqYanran, he Minslcr of wreserved. rcelion alaNherefoJ ndevmgs sicdl tlrea'D ent]ne.. ulture.fol|$ed lris elourag. nd tndd hnd. sidlkou andgdye his l lame! |,lerlhalmt'.missi|rgs'ile hadbenphdsid ary d a. thc $!Im laegrcssivefiedj mminethr|ss reldi.8lh hloic elent.oUnt. gdto lke Iilss hotograhs |...eo|'(i,'.o|l]',.llJ,on,,,ld.o,,!'rorc. i',1 or ojnPill d od|v.gllifude. apialn]' lh mnurnla] just rcieued'h inst dr of the xhiitio had tio of rtrjl s !sNpreme|ysuesin|'blt vry Usting rvell he evnful pesonn] was indd ost elm'nd with th scur]t onlusion eeL in pla.Re ildnd wrc dlilc t our hol]l rs and |atI to slinq fI dinr l had rlgizcd sevin9mnncs Ir ki|rs andhiln,tchtjnr sfrjledndr. r herawafron hel husan{] $]th thMin]stry ofullule mjndcd oflrIsitio us h rv.uld not r possi| re!a|lh ugnunr ofvels to offelinlm ungandold, whi Ioduced |0ndstatmnts *hseworkDehlio|ulky $s yond otId Iomians t or ut rehension' lhe uihoranotn|ud wek l Anklr ipol1aleln] l nc foldIhld wnhoutEiifing 1thrDrost ur fiong othernrefirgs lnlrvis.inluded d ur ster sevinq' f !it l ,1,i?Dia te nagniti.nt usolunr lh F.undr t t Us0f Kmal ttiilkl 2' w had Rlli. tlre irnrrta| urkish k] ninvitedy the urkh VlrasAssiat] visn theirjns the lerant jt ws a dlino honr1 t ndjjn lcm rlunlreo gentL]ne, our lun.h d us l'il n menint ad Detwil tes ^s \!re sumunded ||1ese d|ed| lh hoD||d.1, motias w depaad, uth.kisset! hksoffiftee velemn\wilh dre prssions blotenaffelion,s th Tulkislr fasin Fiaally. ry' svinq,andI uried l ourf *heie th divel hadthnej and t c uththughout wrk hsoftnrefcld to his dsnny. ha|lg. Pemn tlr ]sigainnanifsled thne|uncrtd

t26

. rllh ]uu{ bc ft|d h]' dtfid

asji

nrt nrnodulhawsonee!twitha qustionl readr: th Whl yolr ratio if ou wI nrvitd1 ear on a L]v Nuld LvIsIoN intiw. road$t FoUR oURs. ]n a leuae urkey mn ou|ar te|evisio intiely rocramin |998 fl ued eyi:/raz,'l7 (wa|nt shl|), whih*'ashos!d tlre3. by tIemn wnh whmw Rere aboulto nret, wele informd inli w n ttionhdbenetended us to Pcxron th]sn.st Esljejusro. to gm, ut lhatthhon ishd to mt!s tnsl ouguide s!jn9.a. andt wortken lh offieofMI, evizog|u, t1|. to a ]mr$i!lok jng et]m $lr fr urk' did f,otsmi]muh. our ordiL e. hages tinued foay five mjn3ls. J rsodd ofh lt as t nraquesliDs' skein lhe o]na m} mrll oa ^s of (Mr!) nd svra| I dulio pl. surd r hstthatI hld o withthe ]egth th livo Progr,m'lN ulk, of ue At rb]e tholLion hostmusthale beelavmlinIsd wn tvat th h swandhc,rd'lhatelveled lkincfoN'ardt lh intervie*'; h W mun sufifialze a fouhoul nrtc'iwlgrm'staaing li wxs to at 9:00m.;and as 'edrr to tlrtlvionn0di' l lhuell nrysll ||HT hdf | dn? i!ln,l! |,P|!will l?/,i,g] h was live tl!in] if I laild l ou|d huiliatdlI s iD sttofni Ul ve.ldjt l o ci csidsin m rast setdin a htri frontl a lal lilrtdmiml and ham].g th ounglady ap|id mak.LlPMry aad svingRere taket an. olhr r to viw th rerm Irfuthere'W sal at lhe llfain8 ahihrsated nomtnb]hai' andtsnall nrirohn ws c]ind lo oul lp|s, on lvnh !jlthing rered, herdlh vi' I uting ftonr ]0 krds. rd thnl jntdutjo egn In .e' sponse n]anyqneslions g,! fry n,fr' kglouDd. riflrtolv to I a ofolr f]l\ story'andn |ri]dhod Urhomfi|ldNit l li I!.n 1rand l !ditiosol ult, he int]n o|my jf,lresl andn1rvorko ehlfofurky.ndcm|es.|oll *ork lvrd usdin sition th Amn]n sue and lh ujqui!us on n. ln.ResolDtins lnti urkishPstul i the Uild shls ws th nd pri]ne toPioj.drscussj.I ompIclcIyxl was cs.wareol hon. nro]nre dr nrtruiw' fully ogizlnlol]ny subjt. nd jth
o.l,,a.t', , ] o' ' L , ( ) . o t o d o r' l . L r ,

\21

't.h

1rlfi }run | d hl idlrd lshji

l.r lresitation ih nct statenlAs lh gm grd I benr , , J J o ' | o ), b J v , l ' e | I ' o r , : ' ' |'c|.P'|1 ' q0o ..hywotrldhnolm sn' l welm nd teiquestjns clt'' ism.ia' !'smrss. in and ei!d llhne Dotjreron. h questions]vr te I vei tiw minuls ould sea hndnd licw |the amas' Nel. rcads plai'r\|is.lar nearthehost Frofthe qucslins most were vrballyeivn frer te h.st rvldthe nafre .i rh wiihutx paus. nls mul. th l|el, hea|lsandmesgsotiued uf,wrc oflijne !id did not Ioktm rvalh I hxdntotl]y e!ryallrbe' lmstahad eveoe Wilhot aggerat].n. glihdetr h \ gan Nilh depa|ttion tlreaulorand rfond lor ''lnost.''eaus tm] n a|LI sekine a !9.lk' Ys. thIls an Amrni ndni2ofuke. clfas an ethnj .lran' ]dntifid md giv hI re. c h( ws ilredu|ous askedif I r utrefusd f,l $ouid resPnd xllo wh]You|d idntilrhersll: to ''ofoue' shr my stI|' 1 r|id' h ldy did t liele th ut thIs l n qusti. rsons ry fur d ss n ctlxrirrnian tllatI lradsio0s llror Dtl hs! M snin, inmdiatction]l!s to spkilr Annian' dld 10 lated.nt rvting nglclth hosl' My etnsi!Iesose nt |or hosl and n!in. tlrna]ne|ss.allr s I nlLLdd.1lr a]|ed a riefinlmsil I u]dnotclivethstle tflo hus dflo*'nb ''N.lhak to l $as skdi|nededanthing. wlrilrl rclied' lr Uj'' nregla$ ol8trncal nre1ls!ll I ndd f,lrcd] itlr a .]ild h doI edand m m.a|suport WY did ou nol skin Anne ukc in her voic. NlaIasked] 'whn o|lowd ad r. vizol[ dded, ^ rief ange sak mrnian''' in 1{j s ur' ]s b $iih tn hstre|eing lh aIlI he ]iYeintnix' ctinued af,drquestd I|in th nnenDn ran a Llo dutd thnjil "Dar Lady. l anrthe son o|a Alnia suge']n ArmnianI said' ]n ]n1|rI 1 havene!rdnied Aen]nDestry,'' and 123

hruil' l

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fiI tnsllinc briefrsns nrk] proelan m int thc ontrud, lls Iif, olhel AlmeDians werever lavor!|e' thc ut
\' g lLrfl,'..

ho hosl nouned in the htryft Proelar, other|ntF dlat thecounlry, Un.n|us]. hostxprscdhis denapciatio th t olr !{n lo h pglan d redur eflbrtso ehalfof ]nony amg eplsln m]ron.llLding all l]nIks,I lhankcd h$, my lhe llevionstalt nd t vit'ig audic the |o! nd hnr or Whn the do oed.nnrous ple nroahedus with lo6 ln lhi yes,rcssions ,.l9,z,] Tbri*/.r1 o (afltUs. on3mfu]lins]).'' lh onr with ary nd sevin9 on ilhI filld sldc ofme, w tveald ou. aPrcilin litio to ealrpeo nd nd,l |.45AM se Itulnd oDrhotl t Whil n Ul, l relLdl sked,..1 it? Ws l nnde rs nd?lvre my rsonses ftu]|y infoimati!?'' jt ou|d sidthallhe wrcisd'Ul fiy *'if ad srljn9 ThiI mPlimnlry asuranes'as ofd)g s ly \yrcj uldnot olin m thaL inti$ hd fvrly rived
'i,, IrRd \l |t tr' d l0.\ J | ' |,o.e\") .'

|.i|il

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reklst ad ruslrt llre Limry' W el selnrq in the l, our dlivI was Niling oid' md oelgain wi$ fi r sirn |aring and lue lights revolving, made ur wy throghthe fuwdd \' stre.IAnkara. nIledNitlr etrrmnitbultstelda.s it We Nr on tjmeas e ai!d at th NtinaI rimry. whj. hd rcmined lse! unlil oul ival As we .Prxhod bilding lhe c f,lid gadreijre a outsid, Whxtol|d th nan? As we std of th r.the wd ial |east ut frteol bee mo! towflt s,We ntied svelal l tat wmengan cry. t somel aPludj nd ressions p.itin lov $e r l and .oatdb so man,all fryhom hdviewedth tele!]sio Iogmnl I *'asovtlnred ]rt dly|altili. serral|e |n to lsyith cifts asn ePrssio oftheir ]c liwasnmabj|illo

t29

do|d

dtrrdI}shji

to rcvalr ]nslprlundglatitud so mn rl.a]| wh]n werc slng. All rhcs Pplc. wlrrl did aot knoN and msl would nc!r mel gin,had gathedere s x dl ]. ro|y caIoa, llle and cntrd lri]tio lhe vnfuall e!ryon rotherh.od' !'s jouryo|htr. Liflinre Nork' sarhort|rerlrod' t ol ofthe hc rerjndel lh da was siilr t the rmaindr o| jnediintcrviws. hundrds olvito|. andsponding rct]ng *ek: h l ud$quonions, nna|ddi\'edaf,ds we o!d se!r.l l authow I ,s l |vcnryl|u alnofotocrahs' wndeled dew neradl stod ablhiilion andjun $JL lva'As thefin|e m druldI and orthe |asttim ak over at re ntnnc.| ]okd ehiitandslfugg]d my..one Anreria Lve trUrky,'' s oservd tt coDemotj.na|, in ny flhe smi and offiix \E waiLing th rtio gl vrydijnull lo sygod. l|ivLI tings,Il rvsinded aeaoroUr ye l s an *'ho hd so ordill and holPful,witlr .lr linl] to to rsklclcd. retLmed ihc |rote| pl afu Ir o flihtak b hbnn] l dreaion' sus oJsas oungfin to Nhon w aI de|in dt for his m! asntaacs and lr lo! l.r0s. ur ,*,]desl,]'' (rolhe0Mr' |]xiil kmkqj'n x.phoallrublne' o say god1osvinqYmanNs th fiosl lainful ofll' Ys n ' rve th was ! lar.01 sIxlioD tin denanded ete snec ad L\\ ln ikta with qnors lhlt rvil]imai|r oul heansll t|]c in 5u our rstoul li!s' a5h hdlesonto |ieve clltwas nrded as bul rmainsatrral stated on tm he !i.us senten we l mus ot ovrlooked Foninin ih ehibilio: lrad in solld vil m ehii thinislr Deens lmed y s!jn'' thal visnoraeled Nith sorts'rnd \rre tjn ourvry impflt t l D, MI, et szcif,,tt intr lNnnl D. itodud s fseofthe urkn Rnlrlic' s !d dnefor d]c inislr|u1. gvcth Mintrlouj o|the enhiit as on turc'tlrauthol ofitms. ]1 !d h.n'd n! skcdqustis !ur hDndrds tinua|Ly wnnn nd $ith hjs!jt.hNnn mlnncnts' h fu]|.aghlnd msge i|ro euesL bk, inviidus lo lisit hi l h oifi tho

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v |}o \..r:lD.lr 1r".,\1']''o !\] | 'p|t+ siv oii' scvinq'ary,anI LvIe dee| luhd h wamlh ad .',| t'*i|JD i o ' i o , t o o , ] ! D ' , rD . . | f v ' ' ( , 1 1 l , setd aut| r2 oermd]|in t a ld rPrsetig Mi. th istr| Nlia|Dlns]I ws honored ndwods.Photograps ser taknaad nrerd oul ehiitin i alum.rYhilr Ierdcd is douint lo histoli jitiD, h oUI rclurl LanuL ritis w lisned e ho.t ooul was sLstel, |s, AyhnBiiyiik0nl' h]d c]nvndouldalfriends w Dr, NiP andii]e Ko|u'j s idine i|rlh il ofIspaa. ttro-lD0r ig nDjn tanu|, is Nndrt.ul .u|edid so nh t.o.us' as did tlreiltilfami]'As ih custs w.e l]owto Isata after l! and slingat lhen hfr' lcy dvus in lhil ar to ulkey s mostau' t]fulrest, Ata|ya, th dth lUMdnrmnen Agai on sa, as dril guslswe flcN kto lslcnbullnd redtbr our Ifumto lh Unilcdsttos Fr lhc love tlreylravegivenus,1em etna|ly l tetncfanrilof Dr' Nc.i ndi]lr Koh| rateful a.k nr lul, olr b]ved rlher. okt urn Ak. DI' kenthrd inl.fitd dralh armsd audiwit tloli. us an t l (rop) |dr srian.ol1hod urchin |stanul, his was a gnifintdc!lpmnt. of s man! 8h]h had bcn rouehl on rutas resuhI.lhln]ess ffor1s lour c|o!dtlrg Dr okt (1 nol b nE rc.l: |]1iss|j IslI1I]] hs log| |ho 1 hl t1.l n| t]i.|.l'! l998 h.l had \iEniJict iparl |']1ih ld l he ]d|u|i' o|| 11.1i'1 \-nhlt qlli, il1 lhis kgr n.l1hr1? th |!lli],g ti!| nE d tJ fus ||!iIi11g |rs |ih ||| l I)'E ) Dj, kketaDdI rvntto tsiirni(syrin.orthodox) hurh l o njoeling lvithjs m]nee MtIoDlilYusuetin In a lalg.sious onle|en roo vnh largchiN sn!ld on ithrside,three|arger h]c werc ladat llr headot the ro ehida male desk' wit cautifu] ulkh rPts the noor, llreilin8hunEtw trge cande|irs sih il|uminted 1 tho rady{La.drnhd rom on 1hu lal|s hueAtaturk phots,lhe Ie.
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l.lh aovas and sl.triarch, lmrelhurh olti, l dd]tin \'e enletd lh m osNed, |nrcurkish flag pladt lh u rhishp, Rs kindnol8h t stad as w rvo righloftlr satd an'l roa.hcd hinr'] ksed h hndin the ukh tashjn ws r rvilh Dl Akknt litd by n ide t sit !t tjt |e l is minee' to seatd m' len'h|c wele!ulejchtmmeftlr Ur.hdtre. us, sidsf th rom t.aing h eirolnln tos std oosit se|n, s ta and sall becnl spk}ith p|neersions ws akswresd flo si|vttays our entn dia]gu inurkh qustins posdn hN l |xred rkh ]n. lh vel s lhe usual Ras atosphe guag' ws vrylhjng vryfolmalandordj].ltthe ganwnh Akkeni.]wseagll !l oll frts' lo ang' Dr. n relreDcs oul nl fielinekto j960 desrid wolk as to hdenmy pU|iIut h alwasspketlratwy. ..,s. h ii m the adsharcd hilosohl lter, loled peonlndh alin, i v o|'J ,ot , |p|!.|''J|,1',\J|do,r|nl i) nac|y,lir dilficulq in lainethe Aramli langMg l lhcr joed the d aoullhe redm rfofi outh'e Ns mhati l.rlhir tlre omnunn]nd rvcld |o! md lolD of o| th ganlo sk.nt wlth cUlt,, ulke' veanll| uthor nd y fr reiati eingIeivd dt troolitan' thcnredd uI to rit]dcscri wo*. low ws l to kw lhrtyq, ml rclddlrig lhe mti|]g len si|r m onmn{s Nrk.lheE nedto mkeknower si!ly in lrptr fth eresdviws,ut s l skl ontdlanssignofdlrss seldl te lft o| lh Mtitit o th t.a the gdm WI on.llded,tn o|neeti!mmncam f lh cnd. md mn wh oly thenwas idcnlifid aft (an ^m m], (nmit angrilhe nlicizd m lo usingl hrs7,/& d,',al(ii lward TuIk' Y ARI'lDNlNs l the o e plc.Nhat saidNas: 'e n hiredfol urks 1 Wirhuieins otnlious relied. lthr'ithrl did otrl|y. ou did nl oml l rdm nl. r not eIsssel| witlrhandshakes mdflied| l nenl''' metingame a n.lLio

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t \V.e rctumed ur hoc in sid'N Y.. i ear|setenr|rer wnh jnloatio|oI urfaril, uch v.[E| n,inds. for the Fedr! and lion ofurk]sh.Ameli Asoitios' I,oclh *'ilh nrnyh. .ogplrs nwspar i]r nilsd intrv]$s' resns th Iomv. onew un|rimus, m!jo. alriel]nenl dsei|rsol th hienesl oL t, o s th aulhol was oldjod th ofi|enenLs so many' Woulde an udjstt|nnt. erssnJns surelle Ul of adPIwItoonrefrml]ly unpcled souls,IanDton|udthc maeitjenl vntsf |998,withoutfIin rcadrlh the ln th moalhofseplrel1998. lnerfui!dt ol Fderl tinaddre$ed lh alol, lnrhdoenl{]Augusl]2. l998. lo $itlen nnanl was not ai]iar wit. nane rs Mr, MhmetA|i ysl,a residt ieiik kmc.lst,nbul'urk, l ad i l.patypd]iterh velled h ageas 86 is lltcrhad bromtdt anj]e an aouttlreauthol. his]qunl Dd ordsl. rlealedth leplh of his lovr nd rcsptlor lhis Iiind I. Pm orks. lransllteven e senlncof roound soterts. suld sugeest lmnl.onn on lho arLor the autlrlfth adel thnrks $nterhd n.l beov.om dcpmtion. th rou lhn wuld b grosn islken,I, ysa|.Nho had requsedj. ,L
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diate'tedo sttinel which hd 0 red rf,d whitolordukh flag nnIintd tlreto ntrllhe page' sin tlr on ou s o. dees hvonlind *'e ale od nd hnn svelltnnesffring him andh fami]tourIo!andofoud graiifude, .'..l,,e-|'",,||,d".or,,|.,,,,,' 1J'd.1 J.' leLope ddressd hia and mi]ed to frcm ]nman, .lodle au. thr ofthr llandritlen ]etr !s a l]naleu.kh sfudL wl l! qit dri.arts, ntinnd gonto Jordn and herstudics Ammn in In hrlter dale! otoer28, l998. sh idntincd heelIas ] UILl tam and I ge as l oc aginmotion overatr 5 5.5 m Urotnc stfered sone..ad ws',.Ilttq sinil.r in ontrnt to thc ysl fspode. fi|]edNith th nrc |ovo]im lh },as eaao|a l] eoldcild' In addilio, shhaden]osedlerwhjIr a
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s|re had wrnlnto ih ijrter o|ultrc. in AnkarB'urkey' inton' she ing t|rcnr Rhil hr lxily ss !aatin]n nkaa, hrd v. t|rt lh. i{cdur cnriitiolnd hd n o!N'hlnd y th volur Amoria ehal| n elorts ofne urbl Rra|inlmtiand the of dreurkh poldnat]o h Unelie!l ar *'uldnd it t aulho.s nmln. in luddnr Iossword uzz] ulky s |eldinene$spI nrc fe|t ow is it osile l ringto tlrese ges suFrc|nej po$esjon l rvritten lo slllmen6 rvnohs in his t|ruthor fratilxr lds.who ar hilsPi|ly stmefof, d]stnt thef, | aold hild' th drirquestorumnhxmon? o t by rvlrohavenlUd|'affted lhrxn 86 ar]dgnnma.. h hd mt.ause Iheyshard liflic n ].dividl who ither of psio ro erai.tlratd and te infstatio prcjudie|ntoth k th Wlrat althr hs dn?lis he t.hd th haasol the lhesrlrs s muhtatahothm. theiPrsions love, rct wcrc n]rl]ed rachut to hir in siilr flshi?h utor glateful Ms, 1Lllu andMr, Nl. l andtrnll ]aiN hulc frt Ali' od les thn]v]nehafts m.]ol d. lvitn dditina| uPcld ! l. ]999' our w& ntius nndsI l $!frja nd \'c|olnlls Nh]hnDs hvcfouded fth perswh duringth]sar *'s 67 a old. and dediIin hoscdsnrouldote denidj 27' |999' he dt lh htorj.l mting wiLh lhe !l-,"'! hurh As resullo|srit.n r' Archho|o!r sri.oltlrdo l quosls MoI ril arnn.agled lve yte uthol, minnc Arhdis Lodj. in rcpslai!s]n h otneat t]r tlrcdratin Dr' \$ Ies. h Presidnt. Ata rim. eutileDirclrge d h tvif ar' sere qm| Ieived the !, tlrutlrr. Archhond sevIle l th huh oard l Dirto' .mlnnntr wsmostrdja] |fuittil|vitsvm] and he dialgu tr nrInts the Arhhp itended th anthofr hn {ork withinthurkislrcnmunjt' N on ijr lhe roof,, othrlh! Marr' eiag. dfol lh couldhaveenwrcofmjoy fr lh Iidl
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m in Ankam:th Mintrolulllre Ras iliting usginto pst my erhltin]th tir]n lh mljol it} tnul' urkyl lry jo qs suIenr: soPINl ho aulhr ws ovfuhe|frd wnh riedmotins: surclyth ws fionufuDul hI.not on|l e initcdgins son alrthe fit iitji Augustof 1998. 0t the|a lhe ehiiti to t the^ltiiikultura|enlr i fol was ktnu||ime hs a|w!s en m mosl amful d!rsal.!n thugh m$ ormy fialerilhadben|efii]rAkar, all ot lt wxsto and glels|fea|\as| ] hufnouEh erought klmul' m t ||iI li 1a si|rc the laoutnd lhe r,latios Akr h9d e i l,"p",?2 known. s|relythcsnipin tanbulwoulderuh easiI,h whl I hda$urnd. DuIi tlrwksf|e onr vx|in lstnul, I hd 5

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D w]tnle s lnd surelyit was m dutt offe.dr itomranon for !vh1h soghl. th Wilhut llaeoflhetunoi1wilhin ody'ia ]n' a|fi.d audj]e voi l dcs edtelrslour visjt,at ih i. vilatiD olth inistrof uIt]tr|t. inloandlhmoureriilio 3nd ld olr li|lDg work n bh!l|o| urk adhI Po|e, vetul| svinqaeainane t ur rsue adas Ne slowl nro!dwy.rv thanked e!roe Ibd]eiraneDtjD us' witn or Luggrg onr to ln andwe in thtIyithsclinq, w mdour Wat to ouholl, w hdno tim10nk. rYelrshd andltunred up to tcloivhrcsvinq. lbl(|eIi her hd'rvs awitinens, tre Atatiirk u|lrnltcr was a mst intssive odm uildnlg. rvil a sunknrk i lionlof it' To d] |eftldr i]djne .ingthetrught're,hueaDr nunglit adlh n3m hd ofthe aulholandinlmration at .xhin th on Frintod it Asl mdom] wit! widerpeted slilse ladnrg tscond to nr' of' tii! fth Mi]rt]}f nlturdth ull0m]ntcr wcrc th0l ]vlous as we lok ur nrsi stsinside'Io|lwjng pleasat te ris, l d only two qustins: Whr ws th arel.tniition ndr'herewrlh ta]es? gestul . l l}ard n arawhich ws to A veryplile gtlmn th lft oflh nlmnc lhc strllvl vcr spajus, . ve yes] yes] hjch iling. r]ghlsui]rht, th es;ad ALs1WR wr lh. lbls? Nol oN lalwsi |ae] ''hela|es eingrouglrt !rc l.''t s ltd' he timws noN 4'0 PM] il *ld nt e hulypossil 1osctutwntlls whnlhcrcwsnotevena sigIeo ile] ould n. lnger..a| ]n djstrcss' offii who w lrdnrettol lhe iiNl tnne,hger sstUs.wrc noN aNle lmy tie|ines l lt l ws nvr imp]it nd nDdc e\ry l|oa t to ldd to drir woa' Mry ti:red hei1a1lk l verba|ll!tcd oul nr outlge, a ]s h was m Esenlalin, life.s wrk.d evrccttjn m rnas lhlr fr x]rcpo|e Nou|dlit tlr *eeklon ehinion illan in An paed flor.taIki|rg mselno1elio!ing kara ] ntinu|]y nr to lh uftrl} chatic turnfvnls, A tuk !ared outsid wolkn e8an xryin |arge. and t heal furiture lpe t|rs, f rvhinwl dus and eh tale aL] l I^D No LlGs l r}rcblughljf,af,dlh lork h the]egs
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.,I ta. g. Pleaned: hdskdfol6 t lnc. ]ietwighta|um1num l ls with FoLD]NG lgs]llt MUs b l|eshr in lh ujldine usdfor odrelhinions!'' innDtofus, whi|cthewo*orinued ^ levcrh srh gan a pProrirt d. Nothigouldrsm dt$; nerwould nrore jn arathlsloie anouf,ed, usad sriptioA workerprorched .,we fonndt|re s as tables hre',''..hrestofhjs stalement we]ojne tls hr,o oe a|lminl|n n wast thiin. ot dd tlsi|rlh Alas' Ilretw rvood weermigedas r m requst. to tkn art| ven now.th had nw stod]lh t. |cgsatlhd, thu|nol tlrabove utholwondeifanneou|did elment in At 1g last'at 6 thetals}'re plaendtest-up gan,hu mlerialromAkaaaid th itcmsw d rought$itlr us tablwitlhc rcdlal]lhs cveldeah wcrcal||aed thet.lor. on trom hm. and fto lalc t l]c{ csn t ns]v jrt in se]n' rmlinedith us ad the thrcot us |a' aneth hiiti, R d suggstd om|t rdfor oler trhou,svIa| cl .| tlre Epalalin lh follsijrg rming't I elnned, will !l |vlrcrctonjghtunti]nfi|rdl,. t ^t 9,0 P it *'as linhdto satfatin. we rvl Aftr our niht t go dnnyl ih eD.erand ndulcwhat hausLd' . . L ' l , J ' n . o o , | . d e . ' n , ' d . r , ! \ , i e . , , | selja9 mntioned dinl i l otl,anr hi.h sh tumd t hr ron and Mry and l b ur rm a few hous |slc NR 1, l lhat refurncd the rea]i7lion m wrk sls gj r to though uadrcds ofeo] lnd l mdia'Wht\'ould lh rca' liewd b wjthn]e lentsoiihd tishi nr fuind'ry rilteo|e? ou]dnot dpel r anLo,my ess'nsn.'n .ositi! rditios slroa fr dn fal tlral tlr elnion Nould a I.ailLtr, had As disastrons lhe eginning eeand in sile o| m !i s ot to nln the peniarmonirs t]re]nomnt sio of tol dastr, wilh sulime *r'A rPre. th lsi' m exibtionNs rceivd at th ribboutl]ng ldr Mirr oflture was rsn{ sntti! nebs.flh \\ herewerehudds.lol.ra refuon' mn.nrents beaslt nad auti|u] t]oral nedia. ad i ifimease. rsn thc ilr Leoflii|. Uth ^nr siaiemt inlrdulion and ]|tin his clrausrcd bodt, ddrsdthe ing Loveryunof nelg !t3

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plwnh dcpiellion theiliiPatio cnnnucdjst | lDd ja $ hr haddnea few onthserlirtnrNlina|Lirry Anknra' Nl *n!ng to oa m as fruh saeas I vi dsrii|r my fil ehiitioa' hrve to Iielhre,riril ainsEcgiiionl I nu]ncrous seial e|o!d ad opl, DurigthNklon8 ehiitin, authorws th interlie*edb}' 'R,-l.(urkll Rdio andlvin)on Radio Ankara,Ivaling the signinan lh ehibnion ]nywrko eha]fofurky f and Amna lh an hundlds ofvit. th fl|ring n had i|udd: Bnikijnl fmi|:Ayhm' nrki]n' Dr. enk' d Dr. th lini the Kks]l a.ril Dr osman, $dan,ar.and clan af,d thn fami|isi dexr |r]ndali] kmetqi:a oung |adho d o sld she 8s lh wil.ol I' Kraludu (in tlrmr t the lim) *]th who *'e hde|ose lridsi. Nw Yrkind urmosln. ol d ftidI, hmtA|i ays]. wi|e'ndthnf:ri]' em h We brcd hothis cvervne ws lariul o mae gennenan }ho hd wriltnsu.h bautilu] |ettIs thc audror, to t'as an lronI \'hlh lv]|llrve rn heItiol ll ti, nd I Pl rlh day to m. m!h sajnl|} nranoncginl on d', |adyprohd withl ]e!stnftenu3hj|. !s drc hjadhr s exlined she ws then tehr she de. tlral and (gd12 to l] y o|d), sl0d ]dd ijrs of hr stLtdts to to tlreiiti, wrc dPlyhoaord thn mlny'nd rvhj| we y tlrlrildrn sodd us' ilurs wrc lkcn one da,nry allnlon wxs draNnt o0ngntn who hadespdig ruhl|e at alr lhc nan lles.Aliel h d te matIia] very |sldly J on l,\|.!|lh,,nr,il 1d '.|'ded '.|.|| \|,,'| ,)0,"\,,. aahcd nd sokethe l.l]o$jng'..l a .oudulk !d a ui. mc am vodity eraduale, I have|ed oR erin th Lsl and hou|about m jslrylI did dulingfoul a lle8 duationl.. It ws eyondmy iIit' to ressmy areitjn hn |or qords. btrtn lv fr th *rncrwas indedvldenli n1ees our Gusl ok ws l]|Iodjth hunddsof adsrilten jnssages liofi our v]s1lo6' ofwhih ]vIefilid Nith love d 8.atifudc a]I ll lxmiLis lldv.we mstaddDr' NciP andiilKyl, d Dr okta uu' ad ozden kkenti s wcrc dcl Etcilt for

139

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muhto ofpplchld vnd theeiiiion, h dhundlds would aProa ld us nd olr pLasur. ounds olof|| gs b rvell thirpjtitio lh tas lwIk $h]h was resenld fol s ihe dlayedmlrial,on fielDon had to leavethe erhibn Ln o|drto mct th urky fomer Aa$dr 1ir Unitdstats' Duiehistenlrin th is \l|en AmsadolNnzholKndmir, inviiiintoihr inIudingfr L]niled states hadmntcts we th s in wri|rgln D'. As a rsultofolresdns. oma Rnh madenoinnent lhe luthorto jneelin lh ]l sadorhd day !d ho0r. tanu|.smosl e{lsivc hotl' Al the dsinatd nd slinq, r, andl. atri!dt ur destinltjn metNith lh gmbas 1 lh lnulious in diig sxdolnr l sarr \hngc, inviledusfor nr.m, ith idejoii]ig us' a. jI(u*ish in a.h as.of o ulua|n. ou' ,id FNtis va IdEd s tvc dussed } enrs. alrol.usflas dclonored thlfiassdswm hos] plared dcDrt l ovra these fc]incss1v l,lity andwc xpssed
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Llr m(ril]th liks ofwhih they hd avcr sefol.our das had w.c few. relosingdlew ear,d N1ar no tin for shoine, as withtheeiil.on|drivrlok $ver, onailemn. l rmaincd p|as shuldsnolo lrearL\nl.ni ary t svral !d h]dgonet thenes|urkh Ai nrcswithlhof We ur lend]ng st' in laul. ut a|l nihts hld een okd fol 1999. \sf,lo dasaN' h njght },eekst, ome'Mrch the 16lD' lhfl 6 to b mjrsialfunrj.nrt th ttu|kultul ntcr andsvin9hddolrred thtl the Miter|!|lurc woulde i ll for iis srlin9 rused sarhing 1|l lndn., N waited As ouGjd. to nqusl fw mi]rules oihis timeto el t us' tle agm.dnd fi divnth stoi in rdorllk.kustatrsto xanr sevrnsr0shd mt$ith h]sellnylstemihalala. vn lhoghil Ns 1rv frinlts, q idedmt wnh th Mn]tI *ho lold Us that lre sd th !j}d thehiilion foleallend1ng rception, e un! lh af,PPlanedd hiitj.nin itsnDa|d. les erPr$insllv s ma.pl nl|d us rvitha sulem jy, hn,drelasl !itor dPxrted l std lhotLe l obsef,|ng and xln|ns rtur to hone,ndfI the svral ryI]|e\ work,we glhId |m m ftsur of inomtin, sndtim t slwl Nlked alYa lc da to llL ws no n1 visn ur..anrilis.,s lolLowig t'e had

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h. nt i!|ui old !' trdvd ji ,, ' |o 'J.r |o,|,1''lfu' o rnj te (+ "l',,'' (Do seakeI. u slill quesd ydesli1) h onrws filld withAliansinr ttlw wrr aut fif' ten]dics adgntlmc.lhc anniansnumered o!rlwo tmdrd sP.ke6 t]!]neahsjdwerea]load10senttheilrc op|citc setivelilions withi e]]dof fiv rniuts. he AIniaDs soken( rsoni|rg thnUs|aLlimds dtortios to and ofthc lhra| r!nts ol |9l5 h oamln lrk' hc Amn]nsin lhe roon knw lhoreoU]de lhroeDrklshsPeke.s .Psedto 1heRs]utio, ut toneofe culdhcvenlii]rled oeofihUrkish seak tlral $ould e tlrni AnnnianlIt was deided ul|]or the sou|d speak (her syiaotkintcsl tr l lst,) ]ast, oursk. r W|c]mi thilfti!rsef,tlions' aremaind Nitin an l liv miutcIiri1a1]. Lhndsekrn'as h itldud' as md haddmantimsin thc pst,h Nas dlcmrnrd kp scakilg to unti|cwasskdln.]Dde hthirdsPekerofusewslh lor' as h stoodat t odiu dadjusted iIp as to e t|re so eninvere uldharhjnr;h th]okd eahofth lroF t le senllo. *ho NE seted reset i fomr |ainghnn,h au. tlr idlindimsll xnd his at]ililio. snh th urkh.Amrian Fedmlion, l.rlh n.funl h djd n.t lel.erb h tnil.k ut ground' l1is very lilsl rlolds wc spke as h isd a o o| tlre st ltslLttion ad dlltd: .,Gllm. th tslLtrlon n '' minxtion t] pr.eedd maketeli! 1 f,menGtainingto nl ^rmnia tason nd warllgainnl oltomnlthritis] l. geter snh otherfats' whihwi]| .ested te loIlowig ] hap ter...lko rvcll|Lvhat s]rk, I eausc nrthesonl Amri I nrdrr srian'oflhodo ad fllrcll.. A mmntl stunne silneircdthe iom, l.l]Bd se\ml fioans and groasrverehardli lre mnian sla. !-varelu|i h ]anl|cdfor ordcr,ad th scakcr]rrg h denrear hoir ofwolds, gavih scl|s rjfeduatiD d a trrkh.Arnreni htoly, It rs a $|jttrt whih eh 1|tm lockcd!n an innnnosiml knowledgAs hd oensllen,lh hd speaker n 1nln!n oI.stopl.g' !s anliiald' aiman bt lh Iqustd to ocludekin8t senatofol tlreil ttetin. hir 1|r sprakcrmo!d akadrctuard raNhr Pll'r t Now rh lth sats Prsntd lhirljws on lh Reso stnnding'
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We wereoveNhhned lh vation orfie msss who wele hring th sightof rkish l]ng!'a fu|l lk xN o| were t lh throes ofol hxd ssfibled' Nvdur gratnude ap. We !d of whose sos,f!t, nd tlnn to dl lhLsands nrIians brtlre rcmmred drIa!ryof lh Drk]sh wl| soldiIin (re, Gn, DUg|as MA fi epitomizd ulkh j|ilxry Foresrvit the 1hcsenntroi] *o|is:,,eurksrvr thra!sllthbra!l.. ve sinctatunlorgettaie whcn Amenansandulks, day. lhoug onrleto nnnsrs' mIcd ather'sfi]iof thc trnst ad rindship btrven rcstilePoP|s. our si|r199l, th A,F' jllchaa hterof r Aneian vlenns f lh orcan wr, hve
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thn amul memor]] servie' ahf th volnnsd theiPresi o dt.N'lr, Js.h!lri' ldgurtmal respel ourl. and ny lv lo eahofon and !r llmilis ne pPllthe Unned states e.|o!ing and nlions worldwidc wc u detoglLitud, W shUlddd r' lhlt Nhen si], sone ofthe vetran Dtha! joined the ulkis.Ancrinnun in its annual urksh AmeaDa Palad.]n Nw York iry, ln lc ycr 200], dnf,gd]nonlhofxy,thFderatioolgnizdour20']^nnua|P rad.disPlying ridin oulu|N andhtor.nd lo}allt th ur Lel us .etur tlrJu! 24..']00 nrmolia| lo ermnis' h sjgii]iane o.Lhis ev nadenth5()!' Aniverylth Korea War,ith well ovr0 oIe tendin.in|ding PUlidt lh velmns ti|n the Kjl]hnhptel,Amone numous iEign di|o. mls andit oJlia, th ]itish ounil ee.a|lh o!' Am* sdorMhrt ze was lso ]n alEndan' h dnlioa'swrath dlw muhanntin t was ]n lh fofln ndo106ola ugeAreri as an t]g'We qr d| t. MI' 8.atfu| olr tiids. R0stemAt!, fr ngijrg mgnifinllalh, th Prsidet Jsch]bna, a|was s h dtisas ' i flawlssmnnr h rlocalons eld wcr rd a rjstd Iai, whnth,o. a (ujmc|cre. a Ut rnan). r eti|rDmirtal' mived ftnrth xtih z;i (MosqJ, ara.hod .Iseplr see if oDr /D.? ou|drite a shrt Muslim t Dvn lhouch il was ot in.lLtdcd the gr, Josehs in 145

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t,, Gthim lady.hc']| slkind eenl|ma'said...NoprolmI touhd hefis. as over uI will nvrralizrhow delyh esturc hftlians nd]ws,a|l $od u, s our !lkh. o0 hudrd o|c, shs o].si|n. a Munn lri re]rd IacI,AIlr 3 momet and ere dliveld nufieros!Presenlati!s. dr ulhrsakrg rd ommuni{' lro h prcIed u*is Afuri on eaLt.ltc olalion h sllmt. our sehss Eeild Nit resoadiDg wele ]r.dlt rh of rcsnhrion the onr Guad,llags.ndrylals aso|th i]Dilesal sold]remoi| mnuncni ntile !t !'s soh ofthe highst Ia. othr thn thc rheUnitcdNations, sthora'and lhe flags|lh Unitcdstates' \Yas on]olherI]gwas Isted lc urkh flag|
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halles shunr,jn his o|fic ]n Ntv Yrk iry] it sullNs x h. I' Egmni!' lh uthois $]e rdi mclig,h Prcsidt. dinlu nd Mar, Ullh usine$man, the uthrhxd a od]r! te A|waseing withlhsntor, rparcd, lthr rs ed rh. s. l tr wnh soe o| matIiaI fiint te rm.i l]egations be was th u*ish.oFl, nretjng to b ! 'ntidl|on against vd fol a re.tiogi! in hol oI th senrtorat !h lrki\h nIa ttolc].in Nw Yrk jt scator }'e|nred 2000,Aout lilt ulkh'meriras oter 25L., ljrY ol. hlles shumeland h idcs i a .om$jth mcnjnnl Ne* Yrk il' t ighttim' ved lsel to Ihen th sun oL nonor i!d' veryD ,nl r,m Jeo.,.l'do ,f l ''|',U].',it\,nL"| i ' . ' t \ | n , l , . , J ' ' . ' o o , ' ! , , J , L v " ] , | ' , , ' , ' | - ,] , . - ' d ..Whrc rYs, ourhusrnd?.. h dral An1zing h shuldrcrember. was l fie nlst tjme lh w had ml nd shokhandslit|rn Ameano|niian, ulhol lda th t erriDe, si]nplyeaus, d nevrben mo!d whs to jliia| snils ed sas vhat his ulkish udi. e]etd .,^Inrnla n aks seh tythi] hear.andtomorcrYhe^ i lh ]d..vDtlrough urks r generrtilll |a!ia8t|] '11. Politialgae, $ mustdo our paa iD lnnulalrng nstrul]!

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]gue witholitiins who ha!no knw]dgc llrkh hlr siI had Dduringour seod etie ril snatorshume. No had benerious nendl lhc groupwh. ]ted his sltmnts. nnd t i sr skeds svra|People ulgedlhe anthor Nk a que* to QDstini !on oouIgu$,1lcsear1or's rsDns Urqlstjns lIarto to \las tc l|lowig..hrrva! mu l did not know.fdrc htI} oflh u.kh.Armnian su, ut l.v Lamd eiet deL a frm or god lrind'''WitLhes kindNo|ts.he gesturd to\rali t|rthi eve and !]audd;all was,.qlIin worLd|..lD on1usnJ' a powe ill ryne Unedsials sDator rt la|izean t]!ulkh'Ajnn! had ounity s]|l f, longel Iei|rsilnt in di$emi0ating trutl te urk htrndlItur, (]bvmm l]o' 2o0,w6 fol Iolrkrsh Amelian !trtr.]t ! othclhtoli d, UnitedWar veterns oi] 1.New YIk' I. qustd mail lifi Fedeltin. niiat] thvlrns ur in d!l.mcnldwe lradinfomedtheouiLw$ould onro jin thtlrous!ds ofAnrrianvls, 1 cmr A assiltio l llre FdIation ssold flol Lc uscdy t Idm. a cnerous|y n dume Ih mde' or gronpnumrd aboutsvenl dnllsaad vunestudenls' our floatrcj!da ov'hlmi|rg and rsns |ro inay drusnds stators. lrld dtli0ldhlndredsofsm|l of W urklr fls.whicht vlelans.ndnrenljhdrequsted trmus, Itjninddsftheaade ]99]'l attryPark'As lronol d s wc nr sclt 1o jnluded the arad. in toAmin vImns. ayinglrrute ]rle ouns ad rcssions o|lh Ame cln Uliand veterans. theilrcst fflions t urks were$rmly rc!a|ed, and br ol ''1 o,|r o|,'n,, t'hJ'',c, |',\|\,'g nv. s "'e' olr work.I.ve usdlettofth n1ne a]haet, andx hall lims, on and e. muh hasDomilled;dr t pter rings!h auort lh la ofhis lif $rk ]1 a whihh hdrvishu ' .l adto tcr,e althr ievo|y nvind ol.thehto U. ray in|uded th fllowingacs'Persal ]n have anrr |icity noLeen mtivxlion, sekhmro l |nog $ho sha a .los ommo ulfu|!af,dhtory
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sehcs int8ies. ad ^. m. elrs of wolk. d |iommenls' wouldasum lis xlrwo!|d esto nrll. n nt' on be Ut l.irst.ause ulh diDrld|ly the Posed tepositio l. h o.re]igionts the sujlofrkh mtian hlry and on seond.us s]oto n4rih uthlhas ddiatd lh lhc himslt namo] otiualion urkh Amnian therhod, the l hsno sifo]|arfon mady sinclindividual oItlreautnofslhn1' rl' oe nrajolfclordsrys e reatd lo hre: msio! dosnol ludtlrsiiD'nie], to drftlh sr]nonhodo om' due 1unil bo no aimosity towfd lh ukh eol.whrcasmy otherhalt thJmlians(oltsidof ulk),tnly hletheurkh nl lh len!fumory el. efu,te r|logia]hatrd inflitig into the arlsand mindsolinnentti]dren ep in mind ttlhc author ornofan Armcnian motd siiryni(srin'onhd) a talhr,nd it h Amri{e|iinists whm he odems fol fien Philsphy htcaginslth co|e of !nh shom thshalocr si enluries fhn] nd !]tur,Lhamony. Wr Ie ogfuzanl f 1lr Areln vhmnt realiont$ardthe uthor. Nll as the b s ildnngadfrnatl oftlreUish.^mrins e ukisatio and As reeretta| lh fnnr,nd s ihr fror desirus th lanr.of paramount significa lh uthor te lt thatd]cuthrhimsIl. to |ivs Ie loci d justiof lr ositi lf I ]naus lhe ! in l hlted to oun csn sjngularj seo ]gia| lrpos in lehing hildienfr cvenlsaouL rvlrihhistorixns maintain pecdileet tives,whi| scholacegein iale]|otul delts,oul olitiins in nrdesirto la,ted]enLYoIthy neian onstifuont, 1ll| |ak ing n histril]ks|dge' poala lhemsls Prsu,judge as andjur adolit lh urkh natin|.Iimeswich thydld noi

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t it llkh resoas. efta pulaland eld lrlai|. h|xme hrlians.For y tlreurks *er vn $e ulks lrkjllin8 nrnent dditi tc Llnitrd shlsj wh ]norjans in |anod for t drug lo wE nd otjnued sla!s tJ druc nsurp!n rclr ques ilr MiIilarsesoulkhsil.ulkh surt lhe tioned. Acrjn th Unitd | Korcnad GUlw, Bdwn iL seNs lhe inlrsts 1| oul al|' ut,4,, uD,z' st|asses lht theurke srals. hs theurkishnti gi!n us] ln UI susd sitio ehlfof lhe urk Natio' il b t rhe frindor |.lieves uthrJids ulklr Nation.Nhet|rr f''|i du ofurk' s insrthoni oltoar urke! the Reub|i musl e oftetd mu.dctandif,g inc lh 1915Derid.then th]s s rh ^Iren lllgatiosaelinsturky e k t l9]5, lhen we mustalso go aknd rlr l lh hislryofotto]nanlrke. 11 l w01d Rsurd ven suegcsllhatnrotrofiansmdeno m6lks e to asurd . ii ls grssl pridin qustin. hi!ve' durintn lad |iev th onr urlrh Go!rnmtf oftoman MilitI} d duing thFitwold War ridhld lnnd aftidout.eno ss un the vNd he lst sentnc cidc.ftlre Amcni eoPle' of Dosilion the a0lhrndas lslli, hld benvrlllnd hysl. of ;l| sultedand of,sid0cda anh,dese'ineth onlerl .uld forgiveljs veNAmnin h Amniansin e Unndstats h pllicl cue od. an|iuLing lasher Nrii; eln irh w0e Lo of of, l. mnta|dnrdr,ut for is sFaking cl lh rkh $ill rcmil un|rgi!ll he Amni lrhood. l rrow n e Amns jDsti lh isanmnifstahn hatred$hil t the sam tine, th prts t] be nu|ti.geetja| .,Lovelhy . hrtias? cd lh lajm to wohj has stid: rc m',,nd..L$ed llre PaMkc, follc s|rll ]Lldlh othi''rktln as he! n1l t|reiI hurcs laitfuldhcre1s and ol.thcnhurclr5. th ho]i tirnerhesnlit I'itit whil at th sanr ofhrislianit.dreI]ol ross.a0sds an ennryt . est sYml .lra m. ted. hos qnintsnt]lhyIircs'thcs mEnia th to hnrs... of,lin lasPhm God |All Mlrnind. fowe rrumrotheeveGofotbnn UIk,Iel!srlieN

no thre bee ad in us an cenratiosourutry fr

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le th.s ositinon lb sul'cts whe he be|ivs urks th cornritted da9rous]ude, (And o0 thogt author tlre uldnot 1 he oltonrax horitis, udel lhc odit of the sult. joindemraynd the ntrL P]velsdurif,grhe it wor|d w3r. lgaisl tlrAllis, his disiolr' madwhil th oltomal mn ws dintcg|iine, wouldlrvelnninid ulkh hmlnd n t fie had cenlbr l|re]nrn]rtlMunna KmalAttiirk' 2 - h re]Oatio oflh Amef,]ans usd umn ataslro. ph,whihgvedrAnnin,9,.. n/er.,alsthe ollonunn lo I. aten ,,.ve..wlriecrfd With lhc st|hmt oflhe nrdcmndseuls Ruli ol.urk.th duclionlsynem nots0$rtly did duc.te pDb th |io|lmn l!to etinnt teAme]su riornd{]unng t 4 In lh Uniled sIals'drc likh.Ania mmunil in eascd lm ]d gn cstlish in to vi!|e,ati!.ndrgnized solladrljgius t]ties thlUghU1c!ry stol iowvr.tor man)l n reanrd inlc.liv wilh rgards th Armnianal1e to 8cncrtions] ga!.ns md atiulkishlj!itjs NN lhat w h! stated .,rnims'.. aulholrvj|lPrc. our th senthis..dlsc'' oLfie ulks, (Did yu lh]nktlrauthI *ould of, duct h]nsl| lik Amricno|]liians th nws medja'b jlst nd ndrning urks nd ngatig rcle!ntnufrslanes? lhe a|l w {l]l addss Arnrenjn thr ]leglions. l fo1loN') t l a. s1milrl man-\, othrmpilsthruehoul d histry wo ilr hlvc $|dived o|y in t|]gesl historyoks.so th one d Poweritl oltmanriladdeljnd ws rld lh od. m, denrojltjnd seu|a.zedRepuli under lh ledehjof nst.aeln]Atatlrk e otomn suxnsrul]jils eel epanding e'o,. Io,o.e',, |i,,,k|'en..'io l,00 A,D,v.' -g'ot, f^si. uroe'd n,inad euddre innun ollo l !rks' uti]Kml lntrk nd th Young urks mvenetdosed lh sull ad th onlro| th sullanate rvs tminaledwith thc ludnre th urklr Rulicon o.toer 29l],]92 Not lydid Urkes0flra5 Ieslnlof]]n]ng Ge.nans utwidesread th inte nal relolulinhadt|at.ndth vy tn ofthc Drth hm.

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|nd r lhdsrd againstth 2 !' Anenjntrcson mllot) b onli!d dreurks lhc Amr'an | o!r sj entulis te|ton wond $arj dtlrf.re forddurine ar nIn ils 1lh un. lim th lslem rgLons th ol|edto rlol Amrins : o v , , h ) , o ud ' o | o , e j D ' | R l . , . , . , n - , ' ] i I . ' . , . , . j" , i b ( J F , , , . . d a ( ' e ' ,I l A m . r ' l , " L | d ' did ut tlrcirorvarreher, th |on nl$fri al| e !olesol nd lh t ]ndsul|ered mvacs|wr urks killed A|mnias AF rc and eem]s !eeane beame f,nianskilld urks; nighols Nas lvi|l itrfutIy h evidnc atedmr gance rov thatlt i ilseIfc|n o erisle ]945'i drri i d.en.idc',h wrd drnruldrtlhcJws Nzina' l A sjnglwrd whilrsignifi.dlo te}'ond ih suffeg lh lom rvihdid t Iows ulo,d rh Aarcians arpiatd ganrsl dr peninr lcm,n!]jtd lord ia nrn ausati.ns not ord s a adg |.hnol use lh urks.o fi dy.t Amrnians the .1o lrnrias''' drsuorl cin du l surly not i sition rniizt|r 5. he authr lrkh RePuli' vn s a t tionalsysi of tew|sllhd thl the ars| AnniaEasn.d ursidI, bomso!]us it ift hdtcnlauslrtsuffrinny. Bl]'n rclolUtinaIralivitis tn ge oL lbrty.onnsm ea{ fonvedonswilh ulks over
\| po.,,o| | ,,,'dl'lg"o| |ol, .,rn.\'da!0'l|\, q,m'i,n,,'r',,o',.o,P.i,,l l'diD. m..i.n|]nr'1''

nr sirtnle l97 lmats nrde ftntpci theUnncdstates' lh l]U$ion Wt]Y] shuld .nsid|td.len l vious shoNs lt|absn.e.fhatd sldy of tlrerk|rhamter liritd ' y | ' | j l l \ ' s . 1 | | o ' l 1 n i l - r r ' P r ' Jai,,l ,'\o dWd,q. 1. | ' d , i ' | ' N ' F ' | , . ,' ! e \ , . o | | ' | , WloU re|olmeto twent,.,] of enjn rcvo|utln] v]d relo's s ut lhr wel ot|rr.re"sns we|l:Atlurk nrumenlL pririties. nt'I h wrc the eduarjonal xd Wsterni2ation P]iies thc Nhilr rPlad lhe Latin alphabt f,linNt l sholto lar Araisipt' e hd to ]e lo rrnead redrmth |fl t th of igt.instcad ff, lh ri8ht 1othe ]e.t,ould ou jml'n suh a rctms took in similIsitulion lh Unitedstats]soial andrch'us
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lard tlrfly, h urks ibdno lgi| on rason teh o' to the flitt$en urk5adtlrnnins' th Ph]|osohlcall, itouIde sjd, hdbeena ostruti! mPasiltdion, it and Iroill. owc!r,dlrine lhese yea Nen atrcdws r nouned urkyj at tsametirin theUlild stats' olinu ln and ine lor ]nrygnlios. Amrnin hildren tvr,lug..a flsind hlry t.th Amenis oi oltoflan ufte,. A sieddit of anti. ukh sentnnnt within the Ameni fiulc and soial rgniza Llstrasreld nw genoion of..htmrhnts,,h des' are tindt $ .n d1|ee-\, gnttion fhat t t anther fA.n. niaYul lt shou|d lndtood.tAmenja.s o|tda,s e urkj fludine th Ameniar Palrim. ..d nrcl]si|io nE fuli aJ \ it1u o|lrf,ln at Frivxte nctrgwn dr|o!d m |at i Plri|t.in tnbul of 1968,l]is mi'no snork Kalutsy blsd lh Dtor lr ffrts^ osi reius |or meti]rg Nhih t a. 6.ID Ictist' we side infti!nss dlc oth uk h.Amilan cfurun, its rectiont t l| orgai7-d in and high]tfinaned !!n]soflh mnArnf,ingrus lugout l Unildsllcs au ofwhi tDdn nti UrknhagendR w mU$ n. 5iderlhe thrcfl.iLl mnt]ed Igization, finni] rcsDns, Drine lh 0Il ea. th |94s nd ont.rd, lh ulk o]nmunit lta]|y lakdlh onditnjns rvhihlvIencssary r' l sd1o tlre AmreDian disttins and |lgations. it l]d n. As Nhc tlrAmrinshad fiNl aived nr dr ounlry. nndinc !vrk'a t ]a iiv, Pttingodon l talcfI tlrcirtni|is,aad djsllng 1o1hmrinsa' o| liii, \Yele priornis th fnt urk( lanrilies .ming t thc Undstats, Wn[ thc cstab|helol edratin th f u.kh.mian ^sojltios, |' (i N Ylk h ]9J6),lnd As.iatn,s (]n e llt. th Assfrbly o tlr Tulkh.A]ncrian wshjngl.n'D )' l iflh ofth ti! llkish Aericaommu. nil IokPI!.t had ecnx s|oN.ardus endeavor' dreurk ut snirlhard wo . dediation. Dnnyhasrought urks t thir af,d dre .ishtful pls fit.U] nd omltlrnintit] th Unitd siis Frn lh NeR gldstatcs10 li|.mi, roud ulkh' Am..ianswilh thensoijeLigius ignizations' onli|ru dmo.l strate lhcirsolr |itnin God' ouled !itlr thiIfolnda|lgine

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lo tUitdsllsfen' t Rih h ..defs,, the Now thatlh nthorhls of,luded urks, let us w rtum to oltonan Ulk and rellw th m]nlxn to whihrcain romint th vcry d!' r thedifiitjon allgalioas soss'bl. pags s wiIl resef,t ultl, tnc fthe readr, llowig ti reni! al|gatinss lhoc|r thy \,er wilttn here b n Arl f,enin.rvohlLslh ulhororelhn he lrlsth llkish eo| tc hough t wo ( is !n aDlioglahy. aulo,rvithonlis, $jll l Drst ^mi osilioin a anor*hih d]mnim N wit fatr ls i.]o dut. lh utlr or he not?h topiwj]|egin hih thutlrlsectile$il]enr thewId:A!LGA1oN,l withLhe Nord..RsPoNs'.. thuthor wil] pr nd of ^ e onclusio thoallgalios rsoses, No rn.d No lh ositin scntfI ouronsidmtio. and |ns go!rnmt F oI lh urkh h]sronans. plsnIati's quohtins liom Anenln izalions in oul olntr, ul atrnl Rjll iLrs!sinc tlrr soures e ,,1r,'",,' who thwill suegesllc hc ome iom urk .\nrersentatinJ.1 skenr sttnenls \rten vln ol lh Am]ns LlsLvs Nill fut DIR

AUsA1oNsl

lh l - ALLG]oN] lr urks ha oquerd estl| nrany ilisdlegisftoda.s anda5a rsu]t mian hotrelands lrklr.upjd^mi! lands'trc asimurke' r jn raliD, Aeninsdmd th RDURNolthse lds. Amni Natin. whih ad RsPoNs: An indedt in kincdoms, eginnnre !39 tesusorof \'oonirAneni,d (95.56 ,), jgr , ad enelcnrd ! sinc||.ign an nus' who hderlld..jng oljne.., rughll Irta ln. d |urnturies' l th t'a6 Kingdo' Nhih lxstedo| ddnt wre tlr herftI Armefuas etwe Rmansand Pthinins. th tlersians'th antins, and th rledy Romns, Asnas. enfurics oR the seljuk rks the Ars.amgothrernes' tr lo tne gion nd t Anltolj Wnh drarivl o|th uls. AF tis, ored th Ptsent lo rligionnd lnguae' menia u|tur' urke was not |oated Ariaas i! ottnran e htitaiion olth o || ] ' 1 | 1 ,g , , | e , o j l h , J | , ! | 1 , t " d ' c , i d 'd i \ . n J A , x . ' g | n p . , , | i ' ' o , . n ' ' h , ' h a d t .. ol l ltei,'on.

l b. 0|d t dwd shji

orn]n likesil,on the westmborderofthe Ultry,r m]lives had sided in n' ekida, u. ald klnl| Iavl to e!ry r$riled n |urkhdnevreen 2 ALLGIoN: h Anrians f onoman ulke, thou8hlya|.nd de|ense]s lutin sujho| lhe otoan 8ov. nrnrnl. wrc for enlunesnreri|csly ereuld. wo olld not saktnArmi lenaej mlintitlrnhrtian fnh's! nd sequenl|' baus rmeils refused co!n to lsl, lh lh t LvI ad to sufi,eenoide', RIsPoNs: W]titlreaovea|lglion d ar nv Nrds hirefundnta| lh menin vrsio evts. in of whihl t d. le ro!ated| mplrasized .rdr to sured]c suono in d writc: lotl, dl.sls. hrtin. poNeuld. and o]it]ja gcidDac}rd a.,athten..mnt cain th sathof l an nnpaaia| sholll, an ednr. a stu. or c6on, h ]iij.jn' denl h latsrvcalth Armnis iottnrurkcy Nre nihI ricd outrccllionin t ]adrvhelih nadprsprd fredom i for oversi cfuris' Rv]uliory oraniztins Imilitar and forcs suPoaed lhe Rusians andtheion(es ofth rit wrc rsof, b srb]f lhe dthslnlld tns | tlrousads ulk .jljliis ad hougtsudrrdsnotsparatel drnicArmniaa hd en8aed rlliogainslotofo! k, the lt thl Ai i|r ]nnian af,d olitia|revolutionry ciUpsd cn estld. lhe duld tlrir lrsnous ailjtis l vr twentIiv ears.h Armnakn. Rangvar t]unhak. Dsnaksaeln groups nd lravben mnnned! dre llne rcvo|utionry but orga.l,atiodsto e d. sed fuahI, Wriltn phnelica|Iy n8lish:ll Dshn*sac! i Pan den nd oti]]us i th Unitdslts osed to | n trcmisllinlial segnrent t Armninel.Udrits llija| nam i dr Und sts Il RMNIAN RvoLUoNRY FEDERAIoN iot o|Iox es|ss ha tedof ulks, the rcminsearaled lm th mainstrm Armnian mNn'l xs sel| rhc Amreilrulj ase o|a bitleni. trosjtybt*en Inials theselves lh Tlre ittrdord mngte Aian po|itil isin o! lma UIk' nad ben trspltd d]e Unitedsules whe r it
] aI Ia|.l,.,ii-;, . o,|N| )J,Il qf|,!d.

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19]]. durinc hlins moringMas. th nnenin Jnisho tnas' thoscDshaksagan ian sas asssimtd,l.,l?, estlhed (lhe shoa nf lheir nr), hranr,lhe Dshnaks a,]./i..s fhc t]rnwnhulh'thenowlrg'md vntlrirown &t hurh)'As Isult|th i|lgal Nithnrtrmnian 1]i!sL6nk to c sln th resnt shi ntiUs ih;r dividdrheommuiL' lerlli s. rifis, fi|iesare torn afi,and vcn tenemiris fuadnr thn' of lader ted. h rel hurh.wnh its sirjtul i|r Al]neia' andth Dshak..hU|!,, sPitot an al [thriadzin. remjn diided. h nLale|.hrh and rcmDts reoiliti. lor o;munit .dmoii. i Lenillsia|hal l sitinl$rd the oi ut urkish pople. c!n ih ]naaitisitio hl hsot eIimiald qnin lArmeian ommunit lhe anisn l rclcrc th ^nni!s'cnle dcnidlhe trdo'n lo With d] |n8g, lllow. oI Dra.lictheirrljjD. t sP.k lh nenjn whihthelnti-rkhevio. |rad, i |tsNillDos thtr Yd .,unifomrd.,. ro tlrc ..denj].. liefuus l As ri .ti""mi.r;l tire \'hy don.tlhe il.w r t ellv lhc AnenjndlIti. rdorn' lq],n]'h to over1l Jvs iurk' dlaE theyhad orod to slm qustin lesej tlresn,n.otlrodo andth rek onhdo lh Lfs lr n' jt !s th Amenjanswonldlik Usl e]ie!. ctthe Dsli lnh' thtrwllY urks fored nn-us|ins! h aad \rouldthy fole lh ^Jmcias' nl l lhriltrerouPs?
|! |q' l'1 .|'J'iJ

.ic;|-.|.," 'd |n''.l, A',,!o'|',|, to tuliesolrcIiiusfredm. lhis da,th rcck orthodPatriarh' tohan.nd l th AlrniaaPliIlr' lh sIia'orthodo i re Jervhsnagglcs ll l b tDd theit tu|'lirnlIon. in ofeah fanh.tola]| ftdr' ac. ]ngi lh dsmaandlncu MUslimnrajoil,, andhamnwilh eaholhcranddr lt l skthe ArmilaDgulgehd lren h ss|tio ovmment k] bdddlo long |istf ].oridden lhotto]an b useenr oman u olguac h A.menixnr}lholog, sujt Ihlng cN'lhe au. ke an ste dsrid the |ollownrg othi lzel..fu'oncou ha! s]dthtthe rhrdlrisolovd Armnias] liksil wE nlr for]dlenlo sakre Aani

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fu ri't|r }ru* old r.xd}'rd rJlji laeuae' eilherin privat in nlic'I|th wrs lrue,rvlrdrndid r larilspcxktrlkh' nl?.. Drt]rc ..M s.yo wele o i th Unitdstatsnd l ]ngc of tlr olntry is ngllsh'lht,sshy yol saklhe lmcuagll lnd'!t suPsr dol dciddtolca anolhel|anua8, oc wht ..l uIdgo tsho]''' .,1].it *5 te sa i|r our urky,vry nnenin]vho nlt r\mnianshoo |caflrd srkdwritei AmreniW t hd mrian nNspp.rvhih on]y lh Alnreinsrcad'.' My frthei late.yas lmed \akAmenin rritollth onefit to l sholine, it hxd on in otLom!urk. s it to lhe Prost As hns: Armenin'Grek, Ari. Ktish. Frnh' ngl]sh'amog othcrl,nguages rrc|ls U*ish r |]tice]kn, 0s LLD|oN] h bookwitt l]ndsltsAms sadorcnq'rgcnthu. desisin gri dtik,terue|tolthe urks twnrdte rmeis d il .nlirms l t wold th ocuF RsPoNs: h titL| th 6oak ls: asIlr o|" l,all slory Plhed L9|8']|rdrspafthG rsons' au in lhe nr willofrjlsl a |tfi manltswhihill srjs| ha! Ienge red]brIio tlrcokndth utor. fit l|n Ie ol he Nith olnlhuok thrt h did otNril itl enr Morenlhu hd lre NcN York re,l enarcdellopr.rvo had ssisld W.dIR Wi,s ]9l2 res]dntia| amis' Wlrwi was cloledPesi dni,h rsardedhis friend}ith ln aointmnlas rassadol ol. lo tmn Urke'ut coml1t amssadria|ojctiles godIe1. for lions elweIespclivnatins'Mrethau.s msion 1 ottoman yas l rll in ihe minds of the ulk had a sious Ian'h ^nnan Puli teile nngfth Urks bt lheipu'ted il|. ralnnt of lhe hlians he Amerianadritlatio D !n( alled uon lh ^Llis]f, lro l tel th wond Wfi gainsl emny, As as en dsrirl ealiq dr oltomanshdjoinedlh emans durincih Fnsl woId war h Msin olte uropo Morgealhu ws to ovinc An]rin ubli opijofurkn th rutalit'and th|t slre sUfrlor Wio,s deisionl tk Amel intotheFit wrld WaI

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h Liurkh shembcnto lunlln sjthUtdia, fivl nr ]9l]. inl th ()i1an $adr tlcn M.renthau.s (t aitBlilt of nstatinpl rliaa od ir taullwhjIe ..ofiiall,,t ne Ns hangcdi l9:]0.lis d alrdbe ak in rh |5.tnluD'' rs so as te ity ws qurd' hned ..ostatjnle'' wilhin dre otm mPne No ne cal|dIslanbul $cr WstIe]v.|dnl Nlr stuklnh t|]tne he nl of,s .1ke.,, tiom the'n.) lhe xeptlhr ity 1Is did ngl, Morgenlhan ot sakan of the n. other lhn he ol lhrugllout ountr his visi! th|tlr vs t|re f,erols |anguages jn ned of sn is ffie scuredthc s']s two aids. l was named3o s' ot] | vlrr wcrc,{D?,2,] oe ofthm tio'n othcArba$dor. the Adiln'wh anre PeGna|sIetr ndoI[ ot]nry rv.s rctd' ljl. he whoscDenorpenihalbool l lfound oe;rhau I;resnt,]i nru]nelx|oll1r rcrdd mirnl, sondnral o i|r tlrl-ibrary ogre$, ompilti MorgethauPacsIle tbundh tlrllk|inD. Lirar iI lld P]rk, \w York rl ]noRooselell P.sidntil cath Lowry. aiier elnsi!lsarhUountls maielil,u. rgen led a ok in 1999,tjrld:i., sta'hihd,,1lb''dr rvLthat |ar| /,al ! s7.,]'' doujnented r oforgnthu jn whihnded 1916'he hld sentmlelles to his durinlr tenur | states, lsolrela dirldajly fami].d asoils]f,rh L]nited is mctings, ollwing a qu.llionf.omneofIg evenand Aldoian a | ]'t' l9l5:., ' so l hale nrsLrutd lhau ltl.datd r tak m} diry d cop il wnh so1a|tlbornljso| h^ |n, of ry m ursrhis rehvs ollll i-a'|1|ibjli0,'Jt afto''' |||^|ics ..I of A1 lh cnlusjon th quolio,lh indel slatos: t o].Mal1....|9l5,'' rcethau. hildrn,leter ws in Llr il!, h thrcea t't Morsnlhsu Duri|rg th in ]lt Dvr the iry, nd n}'|]e. h]s laot sas lis menliodh. aop don'anrho Ic sretary' to h 1 lid oints th*rc th mo$|.n .t or as lh Drd \nn mtlia| thugh sfu]r gnrhau,h froit gs f th ^!l lo,* l,e' g! nruho!reto t|resDffingsofte AmniaDs,bul li|ed1oleorl of0rks, Blt ukylrxc lhe olhands th Amenjn gtr *h shoulds arcautteulk losses]jwas mear c!r ]ny.

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(]fta. Jnse. ocard uL K|en. rvierase, ivilian mi]itar!de,dl olou nt ut ihc snuado oltomD in nlky hd cn t\ILi the lhr nl]ils ( dcusd in lhc nell l-LGAioN ) h .,c|ablioDs.. IlgP Aadoaii rvereo of andvea]| sumittd trton J' ndtik'! jnelinh. t ild lorian{oun]it' wlr Wo YARS ltr i\'lreetlra! urk, lelt wrlel ok]vitlr ti1] th ofiuorgD.hu.s..ok..jivith orgentau slrowD th..antor],, wsterplessand istrias as e]ie!d th ,llre disloltions t.bookwhjhMo|gnthal in DIDNowrite usa. tions reinn te urks theltortok ho]d o th thinkingol mn gvemf,e th nwsedi aDd lr dt].rin venlsin otojnan n'k)r ws ,eld as l tri|fcs. tm bokseksdrett|r.d.jLti ,,oo. pvd t LlAIoN: renthu theecoid l.ok PL, to drercsnttints' o|ulk dnislhal suh an ut e!etnd.lnd loijrscs dit. Efusesto,o]gize, rfuss to and l pay cmensatio t lhe rrnnians, ' RsPoNs: In tcrlious rsoDse hvc ricfltuhcd w .n th ibreris llgoP AnnianandtheliitIad ,1orgen f f .ok,.,| hrl.re tlru.s to flgp Andoain'th aulnors nradca pinloj mliig AdoniannN nfi beause therr ,,' ,/,e] ^ndonja. whosmws,1./u Andian, Monlhuandlh prfomdln.iutiei.to tfulln slstitjon rDndonjs o|t Arnl! hxl mr.ie'rm ndonin's..cnlnlt.. lh fln. to Dianuswas hs bok of|atantforris aad oulrighlfbtloDs, P!lhd in londo ijr 1920.^rm Andonia.s .catinwas titld] ..hmor]s ofNaim e: h urkh offiia|dou|nn lelting . tlrdepoaalins msrrsoflrins,., nd jn Dlring lhc sae ethook was rintd Frh. PaI. i and in Armia, o$on. s,] wh 0r d t|rer lrc in Aenian o]nuniqrhe k Uonedl ntains Pisl,,.fi ial ottn doumnj,,givn otlomn ottial ,, named, b ,,dounls',. ..]!te... Naim y.'' o ^ran Adonim;tlrs-c]|d .,onfimrd,. Amnin ..Genoid,., ad,\c|enms,, th JanrAJo. nirn.sook of |raud. dcePtion, tl]djsregard htonlu. and fol .y hd nih thnd rnd Possilnrstdalncing sault uponthe inraeelturkhel thc W$crnwr|d, i

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to Wnhin the soot.th work.it wou|de iPossilc nD' to lth ok' hlftelrcfertd as the Igies memlth colossl ..emoris in ofNin y,..ul in |98] 270 geokIinled tng. ' lh andanlhored iw *h shllshoEsil ojsoj orjg! ,lrnsllin, ^ndinh na] otomn .opis and th for8d .he alt }!sha 1esm5. rintorilFat or Alnrn]a ok,tn|d v Fjlion1.. ao rv nan ifrfulL bluf,ds o'n'nrttd lhe will fer A|n Adiln' or t|reusofth *'ork,drut]]or the fmud $hi ulk ef,. D;t somefNis *hh Ri|l xse ..htoial to ;is. lo rh rest day' hd presentd lh w|ds h lrger Andoiaretdhis k ol "|fiiil i.'n i dounts,.. orderl oline th wst l.thc ottoan urklr ..Dleeditd atemintion.. the Amoni Pl A scholr| r. of ..mris Nai v]w ofidonn ook. dsricd her rs th in whih urkh |nguage, frhe otinra knoledg e,'.rqunes Aong 1emnlund of hd e]vitren, drd] doumets t6ur m' mieht}presntdreollowln th frrAramAdoian' qs an ardnt ndthalhe as lgr, plsrvhin{i|1 roaeAndnian in notvcn pfiief,l h nnif,lctivilies: i 1 - AIa Andonin' hjs ook o lorg.lis.Ife l. an..ot toan ofliixl.Nai .'' withtl1(fr thelrg0 thlt in th "Najm ,. ]s,' lh rsarchd otloma. Iives' nxnr ornsily s 'er. to e foundjt rv aret elivein d] Arncnia mth]8 thcn$ n1unassu this desriins noson s an..o offiial.,' .Nim ., was ..noinial'' in hrgeo il s]tni|rg, aPai llindeed lhrhd to felsomlled ijtth questn]n: h autor ..oifiial',, nnred Naim e, |or whl ni!Ic en ortfian potential to wouldhe gilq..offiia|du|nts., 1|r roagan reasn I - Are $ not io tak grlnted th nesst d lroiln nd of rolded ts n .fesndence, scially vmnt rvithnligt s.al]d Ns so nsunrd ndonin dcments? ..doumenis,..lh( imosil s it to bel]ve) ovllookd lhe he (s tlre As wstma|ndas' aresu|i, lh etwe Mnsli and diirns in lorcrJan Andonian, h ruslrto omllis book folgeils. givesthc dounG dalswhih did not oiltsodlo lhc atuaL i

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As sl1tcd,th ndonianok was rinid in nglh. 3 Fn,dof ou.Amenj.l|udd th mxn,'ot]ilorein sPdnes.., lrcwasaolrofso.l]d.lelegmr,,,stalat Psh. $ho hdenth nrtIlth |nlrior' whih h uoa i ..of edly ordc the aihi]alion lh Amis,.' tisaad unnes l othel doumenls, thelt rc m.v diffeles th ln.at of tlre i nglh nd rnch rinliis. ln ddilion,t \rords,sp|lin8, nd .narutio ofthNriltenonm! l!euge. idil te mtil doUmn, llte6' uld 1ha! n Lvriten ducaled oll.fu] fii]s hat lhfolcrics hveePId A|"m ndonian ad h irciolsuoneIs. is nIus]!el it pro! his fros!rvsling nd dargn]g |under. iy did he lundr, a rla|d not h h .l. In |fiial dou|neDts ctsondens xnd dnrnre otto the mn rjon, hRdlrnommnti inludt lh 10olt|]e n t the|llownrg sulPljtion: Page BlsMILLA|P!PIAjiANIRR^l (]n the nam God. lhe omPsjnat] lh nrc.ciflt1), d .r bvious asons aa bbrel]alion vould bc usod: s!L. l th ok llh orgel Adnintc sulilio dos Dotillowthefomind lhusnnal.foant' ddilio, ln inunIous ..fiil llts'' lhe nae of Al|ah (Gd) is inoetliTittnl It *rlns humalogi l iiv tatany ottomanofi]ia|ould hv eneuiltyolsucfroumnra| dor, sranralial one filnIuta] eds mntind lal to here: MRI on lh l5ti. l92l' in erljn,eman. lhe Minter | lhe Inrerior ]l Paslrawas sss]nated the mrnt, -\, sghotroehlirial h nalthadeD ollittd vith prcmeditatio th dsigalth and Dashn* o]nitrc,as weie th tessnrationsof o!fr oin' ia, DUringlh irial o| ehliIjan, ofJun 2']' l92 ]' i ellin, aIat Pshwidrv(whwas o soty tho$ai]0\ls otmitted ...Iustie.. mPreend. 1tstit,lbrresns hih only Gerfra uld st of t|rewnnsses who sere al|sd to lstiryrvrIr. ins, ky wit|lcsses elstifid th,,hUmniI,,oI dfn. nd to t]t danlwh adheenon1pe|ld cmil m0rdr, to euse fhysix] ..dd,''he so !l]ed ndoni..dumef,ls,, ,nd shologial wR No |lx'ed e rsted vidence te obvlousrea i as fr sons,!n lvman eviwwUldhalc rvelld tat dr..d

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a g 5 5. . . , ' U n d r ( r i g o ) r n z r u n i , s d n N h i p . l h g s ]r|ohnia -1nd' wele fi||c\\\|11 1lrushak (ncwspael) wr, s the Russnn lF Duringx rililridfe RD$.Urkish ..ll Urky !nhs liom mis \\.|c nrchia in! k),' h flrt t]r th fae .| thc enh s natio, Amnis o| urk .rust lr to7d', Russja,' verrans o]?ro?!/i,,],,ti!i!"in urkh ]. Pge 67: ,,h ctIs meil scr zilu, van, d o,|o,I zi|onR|hllioa| ]a62 14]'gr iilted acns lh tmn o| was| gikni eIlnsi| Pge 74 .. , h rcsults| th |ilol1 '| zc\| oung.l i?r, in otlrer itisja lh ottm mprc.,.. ja 'n cnfur of,ga /eoll].,,,]] avl 1o 1it]Lparty th nieteenth 1vn' in /38J ,.. l]s It wasorgaaizd Plogramoflh Amen. tlr Pg97].,'.' UdI heading:..h in tlreeoPlth nrnir tsl|.dfense kan Pan. l5, y iu]atine ,,.J di|ie, sli?/vn,g irrnrnrg m in thuse!,,s driljtar ', |'i1h"s .1,na!' and og,nizing gueriIl1.ors , ,' 'rtn] th ^mkms djd not od.s indiate P]0l: mer lion,bt ao '1cj|e|1h'b|.n.l nlillrd1h,|i! slp at sLenes. Pge l5] ..,',he Rusia.AmrnlRcv|Ltiolry n. UrkishWar ped(|868'1890)' othln rhpl? adZ.slRlss A|1 lliutedto th Amrianero/ll,o,a vnrnL, nouraged
D eP \o ,, ,n qn\g' D '\ {J l'.,|F' A a t r | ' . .

N nid ]'tdnrdsll morcnlloalti fc|ing. vtd d ,?D.//'o,in u.khmnia. and rLehtaoul a c|osrod etwD Rusi,n and ulkh Armcai ..'.,i Aftei! Rey,/l/i.lD' Fdtjn ns'.'.. f tic Dashnk tsud r,,.. formd.dui|r8 summr 1390 ,', was te resulrof th of th mergr ofvaious Armcnian ]',t!r'. int sin. eous, Pimaril Pag 156],,. .Undel the nnr ol.thFdellion Amenian of ero?l/?rl'J PlIt delrd, .peo|e l lt', acinnthe Tl,/ris, A sM EN AR|UD o ADoLF I]ILR WAs NvR MAI)I lL IADING oF AN ^R|l- U]loRD Y AN ARn4ENIAN RDs .IsoRiAN oRMNI^N DSINT

s^Ys FRQUN]LY UsD]LRQUols NoIJING U A FoRGRY'"

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..', Dr. Re ,lon, hj(on a ad PoLitial aa,lstof nrcnin d. sttim Nw Yrk]t}' dclarcd hcr lhl nrmlyusod q!lr tlo f.! l]ogd slatmnt ^dl|jt]onming Aeni lhc ]nassars a foI} dsould usd'Dr' Johnde luNllu ws ot ho]Y dtrdlh rigia| h doulnnt theilitaN .anhol lh in ,o srngrhjs Natiml Arhi!s |the U's, ,, ', ",' he quottion ]n o quikness ad rtlit]r,,''I hale stio t|r s onl m Dcath eads unis, 1vithlh rderl kill wnoulPn or rrv|l men] women, ci|drcn wo t]ks d , nowdysl.the tmnration dut.dat. ano ,, Jiq,i..{ wn smwIdsu' oul of lhe |astee'he sialmt ws suPosedto ha!benmadatjneetnflhto GImsstsff|t oalzerg AuglsL 22, ]9]9 he doUfrel was lesedto the ]nlcmlionI the vardms,', 250 opis rssving Nurmberc *rc g]nto res omsPonden' ol 5 cpiswreej!n to ]] but dolnsousE uh l r i lh tri|thGmandfse , larvyN rvere lc to ntrodul mo* cmlt aount ldrc ddros.kn dwn Gcmm di|"lrmann chnr'wlriruns |2 agsi ,,Dr, John showds|ideso].$js

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llhed i ll''.l, fi'].s Dat: Fruar.1990 .da Pclrosyan o|6 ld. ut s knowsa|l ot ls usta s mnia cncm]s th clri|d Annijehr lhe fiotho blings nd da l'on t co hviga jnhda!a, and Ed]osl hI |p'Ilu n arm alludr shouldr. slll asks I "Whxi thalnumtyouNl dr'n whcver drw in menjan: ..l915,, ,,N* ite lhat l tlugLou... mumles ross].'da ocnr 'nsfuctshIdaugntr, Ptlosan ell ras hel hed' hild srepsui ol lrI rlh.s Drr.e' her nd.Nit the|a|!eod a. in uishhands hIkls . | | , , ' F | , " | J ' c o ' " . l I D ' J ' ' , { n ' c | J t. ;rgi s | | ' n , ^ n ,] , J | . \ ! | ' A | n r ' ' l i ' d \ , i | j i Am | w i | l n o t l e v a s i g l e u r k n dnn c n i a a n d , . ,

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A PULlsD A RIL Ro ^N ARMNlAN NwsPAPR .oMNARY FfuNDs' IlR ARNoFR|NDs," Pin|ed\n| Th|Eni RPal| ] al]ozian Dalcd M23.",]994 ..nl lr]cndship .,.. amng rmeni!s a ralc tning. ideed., ..L|lrcd onv: ..We ar ]l nd tI sm lo corDnlrxily u5... tJ qn dro|dsaing] fm]lir Annis then own rvost enmls'.. ar ..F.drse mDc who rayot niliar ]Vitlr us, smlns ry \anaes' crchdlul:.. .Aonynolg .o a an Arrian fl,ied ro |Lav . k in er,' .Dren1k Deijin(|877 |956): vly Armn] Dothr s ^rmnian lYhonr .nsinois monlnny , h ..Rafi (l8]5 ]888): .A Armnian oddi5 nt mef,js', (h aDlols ot:o|l,,r lh ^l'a ,,shahan (]94.l9]4):.l.rn gIation shahnr ofmi ns]lh nemy nl thurks!utns,' ..sixmnto(l378.]9l5):.oUrerpe!ul n m y . 1 h e e r a t tl wiU c!ntullydstloUs ]s nl !h urk. ut 0r o ooDp|ant kind of ePIare ] ]rrsld osin. munLl t otenrpl in$d o| ommon ,,, , sens, tantjisfr .'. .l culdgo n an{] ., diviveess a lne o hs jnss htrafiongs oura9 is n||ed wilhcUnss fctm| ..Ihis..lmn' A]|louman,,'N]lzsh (th utnor notc: s rcderikN]lzsche' 1844.i900] a Grr Ns qots hilsher), amusln \'ords: .Iids' thre ar fricnds], hilso.he.s \ielzsedoesDotidnti hilsofils thc namer ation1il!' I ut a.thelsusP.iinc lhlt e $s n Amenia... .Atmnik zukia (]9l2.l989): .wht

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ARMNIAN QUoAtoNs: .he ^anenic Rvolutiar Nlandia.s ok litld l ifii Mvemi.. theWorkofan Amnian ulhor; lrdeenuthorcd ,,Il a urklr Mitr, thn lhe Amnils Nou|d hv lanned: ,' ]|d as Ioagad nt|rie$t fr rkh sour lUrkish Dtofrionf lstr.'' lh Armias. evru $old ut thgoseltutlr,sijrlhrsauthr fron th menjans onsidereds se s.r.A, s|rould lhr. from Armenia fil has rsntcd qusiions ftjreco* at has f. otasum lhtth( uthor prcsntcd least,mc j].Nenty fiv h ritle of rhe ook seaks1ritsell ul D|lrut?,, of hd Yef rebllin lakenla.c i tUnied stts Ameil,Nhat ot lh govemment ou lnd olth eol vou]d hvn rherctio th nd nl ounlr? as |ogsthulkh e| hoelandNr !ino onderal'onot Arlan ims f ef,jn Ilolulioa,thrcNas rs elalq'hre, an teson.ands a leslt. Amenin Isolution - o ofillels ea re. |i otin hd sajd..fu 2 jt... thern ADean]itij rvho wi]l oush.l DoDle 1ivc th lhAiians in ihc ontel knw.s inNvRrcfed l lhat !r to attriUt hjm? ut tlrre mymmesfoeles and state pcaled .satnrn.. lidt temthtr su lh Nho a! rc ]glslt lh has Amnin loY,on ^mniahislIin rsrrchd s l|rd
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\oo{,,) ' : | o ' J r o ' o n ' o , r A ' P Rert ]h D' h nm] dsris glosjag tms the"grr in - A.R'F, anrhl1 whihto lh prcsnt Anneian.1!/'o"D' Mo!ment. $..ollh ns bndin ]n oitoman h eI elrts rins, te orgnization YARS FoR tlree!n of l915. likev i 1890L25 t'nh hird |lh Aarcia osession 4 - h riuintesse 6.'ezl o/ .lll./l h L *ords ie soknwds n nrnenl ,IAI)D { h . h | - . Q i | i , | | . . o | | r r o l / . . \ . J . \ o | | F - | r c | q r r ' ' , | .i J b , | i ' i . | ' : ' , | f up | .' o ' o p | } , r ' a to rertio od, deslied ]ifoht agnr e.l aDd! f oiull!fl! xd hlori!h 6 nlin wilh rYhoseshrcs en,,i.s b lhe n As il th utae ws not terible nough, ]nolhI hL wlih the s bhvior, eqid thsign.lt|r lI| ros blsncnrus

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yerl |915.nr th hi|dhaa,h lh mosl heinus snrsto im. of platthe|egayot.h,ted a hntjlld wnh lo!l i]xo 5 - is llhdulineh yeN fwolk on thcsujt mlrq l th ok hasade countlss ngative onrnreDts oDl Arrei!s th ouls]d lte Rcu|i ourk, fol tlE wil]ldloain ofn.kh htold orthn totll osssiD hlted utwlreommd wnh l tho! quo1d atil. wrnt r AI ]iozin' ndena. m tion oI.lheAmrenins etfrly rild,ilving lh |UIlgnicIc re liltc aD{iulishd NLIstl' defisal1mrension, s. in Is it s]lt]rat Armniansouls thquiod t|r f staternnts unwar rnr .ru friendshi o the |cndoDs nnD|]ti nEn orvno|? for amDe ftni.s a e thing.inded.. ..I]al.d nd env:rh scmlo.otre aturlly s '' ,.ourpast filld vnh ounds i|! t stanes etraxi taher..hsendlh rmiing of nd qioEins eplicitlrevelth alulof lnn Amen]asBY Arniaas! Yl jn lhir ,.gains,' drelniclrena lh ndothd onlris' in ha!e . led theAmreins onsidercd to s..vitims', ofklr..atrci tis,,.whil drgrd]ng olI oN! ILLloN urks kjILd Anne. ninRlolutinar]s oltomanurk, in iRRIU L lvtDN oF RNIANS oNsUD Wl ARD: olhr than tlrejjv Imnianqultins o!' we Icsntd shl|.Ifr th radrtlE lo|lowingsi am]es deeFlin' of fmud' jnultion, e!n mrdor. wih rcveth ierenl d l| hara te.istiof tldwith]nthe Amni omnnnv' h mains th Iee!yinstiilcd lh hais of Arenian ]n hildmn: l - w ha! showin lh Nrk thedj!jn sd ittrnim.s t wilhjnth Alrein cmmunii is ndothroualris. in whih lrastdd the^meninhulsd clcrg'ettoft|] l ns spalt' blwnte oR UR nd th Dasnaksgan ,.hUl.n.'' eigits lsetive thl ofimunn]es. churh nd ierlhy' is shr b n ati]e in,,e Amenian hlrh,.,sue ol n]hcd stemr l9?5, A two.Pxg fi]lwlinn a r, ac Nom egiswithth titlc],,onArmi lrurch[rn]t Is il aust?..l|r urhublialion quostin 'rat su uid ven skdscgesls
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peo] cUrhDurincth p' aad ldivisioa vitlri theonendsanr vcry loadasl a religious iod ofthnicl.thercusedto Prcr]n sundo llvion.as it lo th d,tlrmdiaro!'drs hrll du ih ^Dianrsecti rg e montofli] eh'aI, R o. l fjngto t|]croBdasl thArnrllnveionlthe events otto. l9l5 |iod, Neftonstiis, ilr Pafr'lh t|. mlrky dig te nr.eattn. ]nuh rv did Lowing:..'. crtin| fiuh mordI1ved l ri.n fl0r the Anerin trIiea0se UI seatns,FoI o on s gav us tso hlf.|]ou 01inc, rogrms two su.iv. sn the iaslad fo' In lh w we uldovr t]r signiti.ne days' harmonious ndt|re hir oflastles i. two el{d Pierams I a ' o ! / J , a d ' 7 . J , , ] ' h s s h o w s l e ] u s t o a ml ld w e b x N u.itd dios' wuldvuhd o!| oshow'on nrite sev. at]ljtd t Ielylo oUrbilrg I.inrcsd eral.ihr eamls '' since nrst in oth mtrilrsetedllns orgizations twodrsljat i ' | ' |, , , . , 'o' o| t "j| ilr l]loltin ou|dar th .ms snosurp.s l mclhattheabv ll Amcniaf, Urcl Afun.x . uhlrio!ofthe Dioes be oi lh is !r athr rj.us 1onsidr nesetive th rdr. g a 'nenta|vlDa. heheol.lrkh Iisin.ornt, Dostheradr , lL,'r t.l | c,l{,' ,.l. oo]( ,,Annian h Uily it a Mu*?'' r lmil. a omfuunity' a nalion Whihlks te Dn1tbm A hlrfuntrvnh othel hunn lramlr puosd l lundamta| f s ingsDdnanf. an nt onr1nu a liale cf,ln!, couselhe t eaDs Ar lh No lcasd dn isionnrong ^mnias, io ianshad th oPorl0nil !ilil the ik1]olnvi1Wit dre an |rml,,.,' surcs, on.l rrli.nL ! ccllsenldh!. lhrl b thonglrt surely leed th n|ggesti !,,t {ltn a.om. ex r rility,ul thrar. i|]r as munits|]ould c osirld not ofnnianssionwith hted.Nhlh ollh nrail\ttin !|nls prsts hI wnh sddend cai] h lh aulor j93.i divi. ndntual atdl',,,' dreAmnian 2 In to mmulilyhadegnl ndnlinucs tlr time Whil thc Alorian d s on hr]sfirls Nlrnlng. rhhoounanwas.lIating h mvdslow|yyt.owddpe\s. wsassassLnat'J h Ioess]n anatll organi7*jn h y rlr rbcs the Dshnxkslan

168

lto|dr dtrd hji A'thho nd c knifdto dtlt h ow pPL. duringas. Afionc dre f,ay liaunulent eles | Aria .,vi de..acsist uks, inre wi depils prmidlu. the ..Ddiatd th cnory o. m skn] wilh tn |lowinc aPtion: i dl l.j00.000mfftyrdArmcnias wh lrc nn$rlcd b th. urks h piturehad eenusd iD Annianp(|iatoDs d. nd tliutd olitiis trivities to and s,.evidnc'' thirlleganDs of aginstlc rkh el, h itur tul0l il hasNoIN is l d w]1 Amen]ns In relit. ]lftG ! oyl.anorigin] th lhe l ]n !m, hgia a Rall of tc on ainhg rvhlh e sonalt Prcst relkova]Ieryin Mosow It hld eeaited theRu$i! aaist vssili vlsheg.in lh er l87l h an who hadlit|dh ,,he^olhes l.Wr.'. diodin 1904 (hc dlncdsto bc aintiag news ditol wlr krrvs drat th aintnrgjust led l lrs ABSoLULY No assilio. withtlrArmlin o1?Nt likl nlougn lh Piturc.tion dsnl syth.\kul..rcldd ^m. njans'th intended uslLion ol.t ui$ is |atall ovious ut ae Nho has a rr I e fol lrtolia| aumy suly wili b al to Icogniz enr|e th ofAmreni fmud 4 h tcrm..Armnian lc rchanls''. IirsL ws usdal! wh hasne!rinltja|]y !il]nd n e] a6g' th aulor he Amenis, tn ow alions. d wiLh .lreiro$ slaleenN ve veificd tlre inrliction in n a nt lru trnrnrl8y.o. sid tnc fol|Nig: th sunls ston. in of Mas. a n0rra|n .1]d am! .ias/,, (ihc ltll t Armniaarvrd|r AnnnL)' ad fti|eplited i th Jul I7.., 99 lssle a| h |J||a ,l,?.tb,).desris sm l th aiivitiest thc nn|ner mp oe |aree lck!d whithotgrh shows glulArm.i tnagls h]dingft oj.whih on| ne ledl] Il,*e,]',l PalI A ,,mpe]ema |nd aoutat]lr nuriga k pt] lads: dmsllati drainl'..lryueDoDle re in ale taug|rt h}'to roimanliu&ish dmonst|nlions. thc us llh wrd ut ,,act]visfu''' Dlo!n lo be a sublerlgeWhn $e look t seond ani]sasi]rpa]l:''on holowitdration.Liso Fiv,..the JUl 27." ]98]' fi! AunnisN known s tlr |n lic tok
' . 0 1 , e ! | DlD IN 0J') i, '|fl | |. !! J| liri,1 ' J1<

u* old ! dlrrrd ld'ji

o! theurkh mas fLison' hes bvc eiani Puse t ods o l9l5 nc LjsnFive was10ttllh aitealion l unjust hen ih uildi|rg l uP. A|1fivcAflnei sr out getaugt' to perishd Lsl satulda}'Jul ]0.",lv t anrlr aiashn hd ur nns | ,..enalhthe rnlc lh|arg en!t]nef,i whl lrped, yungAmllin osadglr. sith onesated hotoshsigsix licd in nhn, frouthgrcgd.and armssuposed|' ' h k,hindnfu, o js k. yuDs gnl holding ]lc hind nl lI, dpirin lr }lrgun aimdat th hadofthe sealed lour f th si a reealfrenl ih tak on thurk mss' ol e lh} are still nolic ,.ht lnaar ni]i8'whihsuggcsls lh} nts..'Ut s]ndr anll k datdnr 199].we un ass0m dmoniratitjone' Alivm i halc "crxdulled,.to levellrhen usdlo e|Jthiledmuq ntl|l]|l nt i!pidl |,,n.d"*1|r1|...ro,|'."'. 5 ,,j! ] 'i. and to the o| Uitdslales.but to lh Urkh.Arrians the of thdateflh Armia !rbaRePuli ofUIke,it o1.lhe oP|e ol innnlrks, h wasl Lcdatl thcgi|rnjng rismaesist wolidid,ndth muld o| urklr lilities ^nnianattks unoa innonl nlks d urks {ho ixd the nisfonuofing in lh lijnity oflsivsst off Amcnin assn, T nNl mrdr Gu tkpl! in sntaarfl,alifmia,n lhr rvcdal.\Yhen gan Ynik. e|derl Amnian DdUnitedslals nizcn.shl to dellh the urkh ouil nml imt 'dar and h vi. ounil hdal Dcmi Nither litim ws e!n o dlring th Duing lh l970s andl ]98s,lhmdiain th LJniedsl1s for xd l|nughout rvrld, lh fitlnne' ecanto lsc theler,?],,]/. the sAL^, n . ..,,/is s a tsult o|Amcnixn fanatir, ,el'.? ir lhe Lirti lAnnf,j, romlbr lh mian seretAm]y |0lklr slaI]sh had egua a"ignl mnldrad ombines lthe Dshnak ASALAvs a lsion mentsadirtloations o|rhih oniius hjlsh its saenlnati| elup' the |atror u.on e| atel.lhe resc.tlime Duing ils ye llelolnrflited in \o hadnol beninloLved tlrtgr evenls l915.vrfifl} inn Rth o!I tlnn tglber enl lrkh diplts and lamily mmrs, rocnt nn.u&s ]stthn |ivesto thoswlr tak Pride in lhcij, ..htrnity!'' dditio. uto|d lholsandsofo|ewho werc ln the

l7

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injured bcaus the]YI uljarasrmerNll tlrIsults in f thAnianlantin]any citisnl uro'M]ddlest'aad' thc L]nited stts'dlhroLLnlris $nn$ to th nn'aaL! wrc tionsof Amnln tetr.risc Aq lt hd ni oam! urk' dr ue| ,,Fkesrcnr oDste..of hal rsulad lh Uitdstates, iD Duringthesdsiale f mnldrist cts i.nocnt|c. Nhat pelin the Unned sltes and th Nas lh rati th urk of urksh hofrcl,ndl,os nanv mnians weki|ldlhe urks,in l]i!tj? ow. mrenia cnesweebdl he slI NoNl Not oLywasn1thre singlt of!nccane,nl t in. umntPrim Min]str, ]leurgulzal'u.gd epl te h No lo uste leffis:..Amei lor,..butl relri lh murdas..rF Isml..Ad$e istis sak of..turn]g othlhk.. the I rmil in we lthe omsin'thohufrlnit'dte kjnd nesso|teurkshhafl Wit s uh nsti!Iation ftom th ne*s mdia.on of th finl c of tloris'n look |ain Mo]urne. Auslra|ir'in N !Dcr of 19116' the ingrlind^mniln haftd fr t urkish ut in lhiurches nr then and olwasto nlinu thenofrfrunnjs' iflunupon ]nedia politjcis' lh and 6 hre I ounl|rs am|s th ^mnian insatilc f ptil tlrtledlurksj sonc fwhi hrv benrcva|cd for in work'but befor prset lhIifmous arpls' us onlt sidravnt ]Yfiilr tk|ae far aks l962, as eaus follol'in8 tlgivetinvlvdthc trthor. de. lhe the hcr is in its ttlity fcfu] o.ufin: n in itionPrsnted 1962 n Armcnixn nighrresidingf,ear our one ]n a,sid' Nrv Ylk, ad efied] *ith my otr,ss wr our Quens' fmiIis' Knowi8 Ur friiption a yonne mid.aslrn i|r bd. g]!ob lhc Amo slE hd $|8estd Fr|orm a aaar dn' v fr nianhrchwhihlvsndni|lis'onel.k,way fron ur hone sh glis, s a jnlro hnd suggestd Itbm tbr the hurchfulion, we dutionl lh hurconunity whichws knos to an muent f h a.h' Nit th tatioD plaint lhn iitu|! ftDtins, wsta] tom, xs it wast thmmbe6| ur groP 8eestin of youngjiiendsrth hom we hadrfomrd an ea |r AIIIotating hujth with our Iopos|. poitret lhe an rvsmder th uthrto flei sith n] i$ and nmcs lth

l7L

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rd of Dn to Durig oll d.usi in l hurehoe. Rv, wil vanan Mcghcrind huhEprsnhlj!swrr pLeasd jlormativc letto aoul ,d I posl requstd fo|ard to llrm an nd falsih lhe woldrintin uI andrvitlrnfues n Ifiret fr nr futio beent. pl. hld thirhulru|iat]o' ourJros ol. lm ert.tnc usj oful peol.as w hd dole oIhundrds whmwe rvrcl cntn'n, utw Nr frj|i]'nh /ra ommuiry \'old aslutl no RFIRN 10a singl e h nrcaDtihsttlreE ujs|!s.o s0hn sngsg inulkislr]As a gruP'e hdrsignd to i.mFrehensil situatio' and i n letir inlrodutio l th the huh. Nrd ulklrdid l!cr y lotler Prstcd res oul ad o drcusiiaas.oDrinstrunts, oerjntbma!n but jf, tc oler 1962su l.th hurlr grIn oUI ]etter was nnd .id-asla l with i uownrg dlic: |afol ,mr ei to Dme,,, distrintd drr ]nrch]nemb6hi, nd n !s oflh five namesj namervasrelized bcingth nac 1n. gellma h,,honrl'. nurchdirelos m .l urkish o .?u!d 1h! rdulons outmgd: d ||il Tutk |o ,n!|n,1 ua h }.Ptj h]|? l1eia ch fth nrdivid Mcelngs wi hld t dcusslhe .enlility ..kd!.. (roth0, tr ul| nmrnasr, arjk ulut.m lved has rvldprofoud ]espeland dolov ]lh ltonr lh audror vo|umeI ws iacnsdlI ws fuliusLl as angry ny slth (Fr n fit tinrcin thjs auliogrhy.e8iDwnh ]nst l
!| oj J'J' lo.'r'|dj',,do.lelooe, . ||.p\r|!ri,| !,!|,(nl rr.v',.,l,,|-' o - '''," .,|,,Jp ' ' )

to tDd soketo r. ..., (l wi|l not questprmjssnJn us hs nr). skdrfollowlngi..|will who ad siorhure dntornd to r r not pmn my rothr, arik ulul' l b osed 'gnolt !ul rik's human|ty. Not krorvineantig meni hateflrhnisj h h llis tlts, mPassioa, sholahi' Iovlrhis fmi|d h lrim eus of ukh neinlt ll epls, 'uj Areiasrefus l.. Lvnhdra\ Ione l perfom ,t yolr fu!tin my ..K,' attmtd lo ,s my xncer nd said ak r si]rrel .,NevI|.. ]vsneithor v|erDI 1 uld on, hih I r|id. to rlolod m outlge,and ] was tful abusiv.Ul m stalerrs slrad ,,mtl'.. \71

Trtri|' ]fi old r dBmd ,!ji

fie osl diulLasclol bo! cvn as yct l follrv] \latwas l l saylo Iik? l]ow uld l l]|hijnhol,shamed l ss lthe o1 tvo|aicdto whiJslhrt? As lngas l liv' l RiIl nver |rctth rsons m rthr, o rik. fleI I informd *'il Mr ..,, lri olnr vlti words: "d. I dn.i r, rik uLutsoketo e lhe |o|lo\rig g ]v!nt to alsc ro]m twe d ur lrurch. ol Dlse on af,d ]l]th your e.formn l \li|l tlnds e$ and llD to ou| musi'tiad I kLY lhslhigs\ler l hn]l wuld ha! ur8d
o,||,

Y RoR,ARIK:ts Is oPssloNoF URKlsAR'

latr,tnesxmhurch rshalin8 its mualpii,and sever,lmths filslln Mr xl! shak,sugstd Drlhlt to m liid nd I.l|ow ve andthe inlnd lislen l smcmusi,w wei,nd as usul lhelehadea lg tumul'h mlsi[ns wl a|l Amila..bm luth.rntied Armis thc pclfmrcd nd $]| t ne i]]t.lhjs l'ilh thil handsolded lre^menia riss $alkin l8t]rer. bc thc hd hnrdrtrbacks.Jlst thon'o!r lh loldsakcls. udle pla lhresuessiv urkh snes. nd ehsngwas lhc musiins Nng in urkh| !h va|Rspertmedlbr th c.pl 1dni. orsrs .veredwit and |lgnunrrofol wrc dig,l ithjols d.]|aril s urU$om |]undrds ol Esoded !!!nl urkjsh!k ladndse i|rnIkI llr t vrut.] then |atant hyrydfis ninds ofthe Amer haremerchaf,ls' jnaDislI ]Lloei thirlexylhatredrc]nnN xs resenl A lcg|lthirhildEn rgelatios tor| flh ne. 7 A li1il union srvess lh nt am|e frun o madghertnr u. ninosession withatrd djstilin as thls fanrilaDdth fami|yof the aho.s wile, n then lsti! to n of osnjons |1aining m elfts th sujt ukh Amenjn
F" '.., , b D o , | c J l , | J , , . , ' " . t ' D l t , , l ' . , l F ,i o,tij .|| d|,l|.oj3,(\-..|']er t. J'L.l.\n.ri,J|.|r. | nu.n. hd ner dplaed ngativttitudiou Llork' nd in

name ds Nithtcln i., r),a), flIs ls I] Ii0MNIY oF

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pr]sod nlrfo his ll.ortsi th stl th lt hveasioally l lion in thmof tlreaulols rrinadenado1rnus dr. sto hadri wiIh ry,s mothel matillldilfont,llo$evel. ndthe war in ottmulkc ad n!r instillcdn !ti urlrh ry,s lni'tst 'n. ann sntnneIs the heanso hel fi} hi|drcn' i Ulks and knwldg ofdre vnlsoLtho hjstri.lEltins6vea t t lk fm afterhermxtrigc lh ulhor sd rniaf,s. bccn her sh npohI os iitllet,and.civ of te |ats. hdfomru]aled olh influac fr lhe aulhor Ul in th hnre nlioDs without any a f,an gef,rtins ntmll,l sds |hatehadcn P]atd |ier And as a rsull,ant]urkis mmnhd eoftnheld r ary' herNo |!lls. t*'osines. ndhc|usir. p. nr As th tas passd. wrkhadataindleli!le q|tv|dcnl' amilyhad.m lions' andnrdjsplasure N1ary of Ihnver familislisitd x.h Er, t nradee!ry t]na nl t or .,ups..llr l,rvs,ndvoidd subjt jn $as om|ete|, alJ* ut lh to dlmnrcdotl onelhrd Iidi ourork andprodd No ]nd hno aivcn to th nuthor, selious ds.riclll Iognitio .or|i'.'',',\,o]'|.. .J| . |o\ |,\'.,, Io', ",'| ,,!a| 9isitf the year2000't) It lradlkenlcdurinousummer nd wif. Ane.in Go|cahjln' th h of lvlary.s thr. elx]nr's, Dy hildodcnds o.aI. and her timily' lld okout. on of th gssNas ryi olsjn i atteded slndid Le .Danrlksaem.' wlrnrl shal]rlrt s ousin..A,.,lhda0gto (othdee*d)h ldrrwu]dhavrve].]nd hllcg tenls onnltinl wit Iiomusin..A,,.ut I *'s detemincdt lo sh lras sh was NL]aNeoL fr tilings,! othrsentn to Jsushst af,d rc]igious orrts' sok, inluded she oenin]ne nimosltv |r. 'n hrtinit.lrel wordsdld not xplts lhe obvrous gazllon th eold starmd rs.elt mda]|io ss shefoused a 1.bjf,g faith. Nm b thenthle!I day ofhis |i|e'er pretse frrse$. wls leveld whsheldnlngIleIai fu|isti iag hr hatrd oflheurkshel, AftI sevI.| urs o| fami! nvealfunhd ludd, ..A..oulnno lnec|otrol ot hficIlandrvhilin tc resen usi I lmil} mrss nad ! xb|Iptre1rne lc ulholad olher ..golde., d] Amnin boutNhi.h No oN hd n seakre,
lJ,| 'Joel | |,Lh o| . A''',' !d] h

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h Eslrs ftom th utlrIlric slrwas ryilnrg for ws 1ti]th. mjnihe |fthrlimingndfflstmtedinherjled atmtb rel n Ugly sn'Ui darolsjf, .,A,,did n1ake final !rcrpL1opove a shews rudration group, rlcmna to tlre fthe Dashaksagan urkishpeople th raDer...In,tevn i sakolthm' nam'' ltel last ttmpt lso lild. Lnih lthr $jll rtr aelin onsin .,A..in the lsl selionI.lh hlpter'i Fhjh it wil| rc' veldlhat she *'as resosil su]i]r fol hl ] hfnnltio thatwas to e ofnuntl si8nifin llE utor, to aak tu. (Dt |dr' |he ou\rjP| oI |l1isl|biaat.|N h! oc gil1 b brahl t suddll staP s rcnl of l|zi. ns |hi.h hs h.l ! h, Dl|i|1g lh to| silio I |ifd ?hn Ln lo kadi (ra, brolh) Tarik Blhll ||h ln'1.I m th| his bv.l ''i|' F|.'' has s!d -' |||)'\'le d l . d|'nokd bqad |a|ds fa| llrc Is Jour Sislr' kancs,\h \s El1e| hI]i3 vi|., .| 1hr W. !:ri.\l uh.| il1lihlh 3.he Folitia|influne r$ulsupostlte offiia y d th Amnian omnunit in tlre srate f Lifomi |rasn Nl| kosn for a' l|r th il olsan l.maoslndsa l0] ]it ross oa F]ed lh to f hill' he unt DYld0s std(andsti]| ds).on PUlil,nd' h,d ben lh sujelo|a lawsuit. nnresaa tio of hurh ad slal ]avs. h co1s agrcd wit t planrtijsnd ofse]|in8lh rossndils ladl to tkdN elv thit thhi , L . . l ' 1 B ) , L , i ' . , u J , F 0 r t , d5 ) A n r , c l ' 0 I . "J,| ]nr $26.0000rkh Amerias fom e!ry !rca of o outryProtesled viousaltnrl thAneins pc.pcfutc al]ga. this y to lhi. tions againstth ulkh ole,shuld N nl n|gs$ that ucll mrc monywas gi!n t poIiiians.lner thn lh sa|erie?l h ross. similrto olhrmnian jns!t]ons, se'edas syrol ofha td acajni nat ofcd lrierol' Nl on] hlv drd. toaed htia]vets. lh niansha! (and wilt nii|)l .mmit |asPhmy againslth God thc rls t wosh]]lhn s, .cd hur.hes' thenhrisli,n fnh'l ross. srboofale r

r75

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nsfr l rcUivcommihnt to hatred eole wnh *h lhe o| shresj nttrlsofr and rthood, mssae tlr he of rs hasa|wa)'s nforei!esdLovl ADDIIoNAL FAs wItl RFU ti R]!lNIAN ALLIoNS qvhn Urk h]storias dsie evenrs th ol]9l5 nr ortonran u ky as ing elidf3|o1Nrfrc $hih ddcstldALL lhe th cnt|1, dfiniljn' Amenin flnneWAs nd 1 ols Nodu to remednxrcd dsign "gno.ide'.. those 1.r ten so ha! rsarhd ottoinn stry arelsd|bingii dia|. t ok, te uthorhas nt uoted sItt sineleulkh sho|al. dre r and foa l |itiian, sokeso, t du to ! inlentinal thwnandnia|l|gation, therederas ^s has sn'lh uthr e qlllionsjiofr ,]r,rc,ldsours. as a lsult.an sugg snld d lionof ..ukish lhrcfr vid ndinttUa|, ,.. roPgadfl n follBinghilr rvi|lconnrmth frudn]nt ]lcgtins of lh Aians r ftomN!R urkish.nor Armnian surc.s: 1 - ^l the nlNjonI.the rvr'rheotlorrulIsnad en {ripd|.lhauthori, wil tlreyougTulks,undI leld ad th shiof the immoltal usl eal AttLtrk. gnt uild N na. tion, lh t,.7o't poiv6 of rrf,end Gre nhjn hd afsted ovr l,li] ottomaat]]nlsmdhjeDnkic ilnffies' adld en 1'',r J| V |"aJ \41l. | .'.'r'1r'|,dd.lm drull' aginst i!i|ioulalio ottonan ulkey, h of. the of nils werc ld in pro for ver cls. shil thr rith nd lh |sutrs srchd videe for giast thm As we!l' then .theUnndsltshadeequened snh tojin drei!stigatlo tlrehoo|findingtlr lidecwichWould tharees, lve Kp i mind:thc onmn olfici wl inc rosUled ' thir formrnm.nd wcrc ]ntmd enlirtin' s te rnh lhe slehl inriminarjf,g evldoni and afterNv ye, o! t1 oFFIlALs WR sFR on olobel25... 192 usof..in ]. ,/z|? Yes, Premdntd gu,..Ji?e, No.

i0ruil' i by Edlfdshjl

rs.]tin gres wi]| e attnrlig dete n /esiJ,do, t wlrihsidc o| ,'s7ori.alqueslion oilt,suh a rso|ution. xscd qleslD,,./ dJJl,,,pl,,,J'a onl dxmc on htoliclt th.r?''bl i1fof ||,,1ri. 1g1lif| ]nSs,'' (|l]isb aulhor') lhjs sjxl imer]a slr|a, No liliians.ad l|reir ld anres lhen aii|itd nj!ilicsNith tehnorof$tr sh|ar and shicfor mms lr of,grs whse ! upon rntr]lies fousen lheir of,{t ny aovsho|a l commdd are Plling |or theiroug i djssmi]rli|rg ht.i| flcUmc, spitofthsc in usalins lIats tlrLerna!lranls, ad f War? Ys' rmditnlcd gid? NoI 4 In.l0Jcdl thc Amnrade|aratio ofllgatios agan! theurkh PepL eeD onti|rui|re hs t anloe lhc enid f the JWhpeo|r Nxz] rmanynd the ndition llhe Ameni nsduringa snd ol],ertio otto]nan i ulk. h Amnias to t]s da |ai]nthat the ]esh genojd rvld nolhlv lakclai tlrlle8ed Annian..gnocid,.did t u.in urk.Asid flonrdrisxutioerny is rcrcd w itr to ltsondl lh ^mnin ]legIjn s0r!n.r.|lhe .].,us trn
]d |,. \o P!..

Red FoEi8nrl ofl. Mr' shimnPrs.wo dr

Pfl' ', ' | , ' ' a4dL11,P, ie'

vicw.saidfi tlrfoll!ing:..,', |j1allmprs i a simi s t lrily elNen 1 l.llsI and t Amnia a]|eealins.. " ' nthing similrto te tl|ausloued' a tlgd*'lraldre ]l ', welthrough. rmras utt eo.,'d. As rvs to xtd'dle high|linnd^menin lt prdd ndmf, reli FoEien Miislr,and i]rrsns to th t l Amni,n Acria nervsac] .]JDor. th |fe|i nsu|ate I. ]elsdlhe l||owig statemeDl..his suc s|]on]d dlltNit y . tris. notpliticins do notsu|1 maron W t|r ofth Arm. Dilredis theJwishl.us, kial i|l nl lake a hlslril to md Polrti| stn thesue,' f, he din8as wel| as lh othel ftsp|tsentd lh s. in tio.rc nrfllila.d xsdun hbria| a.lra.' lm the peF spe.ljvolte uthor(b!t o|oue lh ad] ke thatJ, tl llre

11,

lh.nti

lk

id Lv tdlrd

hji

poliliians gIto so rc lhc nwsmdiadlh mljorityofAmIi th suP.a lh rmnialo' {hon so mnftshavePrven hl. Armnin llegtis? Iay|the anl] $ho as I]lowed urkh'Amian h]stry 'E]lin\ noe n' of *ith th for,lh a$jon' nd th dditi tis authr, ' . qusti as simIe ii oviols. Whil th is s sonscto tr v manl wuldtakoP nor auto nor hlrin. s|al(though the L|vD t lrtol oth $rk th|ueh tin t lhe latle),lre has wnns to t h||h lif.|og li!s l lts. ad!s rsu]r dunngm h Ispons: oI.lh llkn and nianpls, alr aan olt lhrmni.swele ukorvn thirti.urkh,gendllok ln of fom i lhc own .ntnities iler geartions ilrIng fmt|re lronor !d hisloro drUrkjsh num andalivnies.Io jind t|renianar,d t Nrion'lhe mdiaand oul poliliians nverutrd Dung tlr n ndnnl urks lr rimsrnlrih and slalht.thre was o urk rsPons, as arsulll.dy. thc edia hxveno tir hen spaefo tho0lkh Pct]l . andPohliians llihrsosedosnot.nvilrctr tmtwilhurkh merinsj wrneurpI aoutlh bokndait IadI'

E\URlos o!. IlRoNYANDRoRooD oTNovRl-ooI)

any rcview tlr htry of the ulkis, Amcnin d sIian ingldit rvlrihivarial lh oltlrdo(surani)eolrs. snrgulr js t asItiondrallhs.mmunities en hd remins olnniIesent' poIni] rc1igioUs nd oi]ils'whicll hd Iein engacd onlilruous h sF ln alrcddasl$kil]inesf aothr, sultd mutual 1o htorilla. ir hseaandotinues bc s il. ti o1ol s d |ogical it otenti,lltdstrutilelr hamjon Iotlrelrod as ln|lde t Grek. t y shared th ao! els' \homwe sfiou|d th]s d sofrvst tll Je*'h'and urdish.onuitis sared ofth htoill fat an o{]l No !n|en samhfuland gratI in frds njo,dy tcse|es th.ir lh signjnance ltc totaI rclieion,thil lmeulcs. their prcs, d dtjr daily li!s as urkish

neftUll Mal dd y dt!dhji

citiznsnl lh lrkh nat]on' beib dftItheesl|ishmnl tn DikishRP!bIi]n ]92 !aIIeI, r]realhol hd ..inlrodud', sia ,,A'. s !n elmPLeof Anninanimusj ih reader' as Ionred lDv in]dd in to d I hel th selin hmnandrothrhod n e apareD! inngio flh rsnttin i]|o larjnd te fol|owig ntin' whihsrus nrarple s ofD]vine svnl eIsealie' duri|rea family lunionolr!k |amiLy' ..A,.hxd n in the osto.Mass.' ala,ousin nd ns R rcsnl, gretd ehlher'sh lemo!d frm hr s a hl.gr,Phrvhj.h sh rvantdt gi! t ary Mry Bs vry crateful ]irr fu hotograh fol it i.Iudda hotoo el othr.and lrtenraltlwhih wouldbe thefrother ofusi|r...,)h l06 rPlincdhlYth hden]n r!ssin. sit hadgi! t hcl hotoglal] hcr mothr'nd th lll$rng ifomralion give lrad \ e r | | \ . r : h r t o o e f l | . ! r | . \ , ) ' j A | jj r ' i ' * | | | , , ' i groUplIU taknin the trvnoftlalput, ottmaUrky.|und The fami]hotogra 1oeo]ne ilIual $,s a souof htorj.1 informlin, hadit noteenfol tlrstut bul nriosily oft|] authr. se this flom ottonran Turky.wonldncvrhavn givn lh rognilj dsel1es, il As h of us studied lrotoglh, althr ntid dr tllc thl one ofthe svnyNne ladiesss saldand d bothof hc hads cskdusi|r....ifsh kw ldup. n onbok utho lnihingaoutthesm! ]Yitlr okon hr |a, tlre h ' , Y , , d ,v ) ' o , 5 'r | . d | d n ' 1 o o , , ' pl.sof,t At this point,dr rdcr, thatoi ol t]re]anis i th pilxrwsary mlhr] anorher heraut. was and ousin..,,coluded saing..h ldNith nr bokw3s } / ' l d s d s h w a s I a d i a A l n n i a n o o k w r i t n i nl e , ' l ra l he Utfior dlydno vil sign jlil]n' |5r ous] ..^,.raIize *t x lundr adjustofui1itGd. she l lmly thkd her fol givic us tlrfami]lroialr and sloLv] took i1|romhelad lranded l Mry fr s|.knl8, it osi .,A..o|d hveral]zed thetrljr sien]f]ane simpl nl ofa hoto.

t old y Edlrd

|'ji

IbrdUsthlhe as aNrfthe ati.urkha.tiviliesntheafro lh Amians in the Unitedslls innn|td iis nrr fie .,sl the amrfulc. sageto the Aleia o]nmunit Anrid: in tins's sc ar lile rn uI outry' Rputli lUrkey,'' the lssdus fol ou ffrt n hxlfth urkish Amenia othets ood.As lhe P9triIch 3a} s . turi lh fa.j|niesad a eautiful ..nman.., Amenia h!lr. in h ofi hc lointd ouL franred (an mperia| cdil ol lh otlm.n sull),gnrg ttl redom th to Arcnins]n ]enreligious nunit' fllnctionsn !r lss ad incs d kid uttemrces fil|dour fisandmindswith pluDd rc. spl'de |o! andnf.rgllal mmo.is' renrains urlrfs LIe nr asdeslr suessr. mjf,n }afiarchMsIoll, whil th Amoajnsulside |ulke havnvnrced un' i|lc peeutio fiL]d informd t,l d thcn ccnlxris lteae durig lhe oltonelid.hisi] rcrdedounlles hs Annjas wh lrd ahivdth hjehen l! | the ottoan govemmnts: sni' mbes l!h rand Natjal Asmly. Mjaisl* | Eduatio' of Finane'oel.' rcign Allirs. mfruitins. Poshl srui, Agrjultlr' aog thm,wr lrld y ..^rmnins,, lyan he a t thisdayIainssuPreme inonoman urkh arhitefurc,lr orld.fm brasssmousdnr k ndsnds'moni ols orhs ms' wnntide. ganwitlr t lous zilhivn ]]rmily o|otban .|l, \e|"' ld,t.. i'.1'1.,'d),|. q orded, rcmi indutab|c. lhe dialandtlrflud oflh rm. !d niaDs W|LLNors lhes FAs.
o| 5 l 1 | . , , a o 4 , l h . J l l h o , o o j o 1 . i g ] x g . "'''' P

stslivilrgIofdrrolrhd oile urknh andAmenl . |es,It a cewihn hbia asEparedandet thiswrnel of. icrs as h lin]eafrie isePi]it oi oftscPls on one Pge l a! |td the ans 47 mnin. si]ryani,Jsh, and k, onse^,an' and musjias, $ho hvntritd thir ll15 |assial to ad ontemorry urkh mlsi e firsl crou ]nlude ls of the ottomnriod; sond a the ths m jn urke andIoueht thntistry l lhis ountry] the thnd' ]iklh aulhol, nd losm n theUnitdslals.dl all | th havePRloRD urk]shnDsi' h trusi, in sgs,ijr polry'oUR PoPLs ^R

oNl

I lll

hims]f tlr wi]| address frel oi|!d]ngllatI. uth lo lhc Yulll ofoulole,

to;traeniai 4ndufkisf1 sllmflts xI. 'i,Q ontdlllr )6uih'

hADthorlilofientthArmeni'Youth. qfU hv jtad rlrepacsol.r utoiogralr' surlyareon. you !jnedof ooftlrllowing t|cPossiililis: rs so l hc unrr' beodquestjnj a mga|onral!, h]s d eenosfud htldfrhis ol hn i.ail by 2 h autholas$orkd lne .dtnc|cs| ojngah]v cpIhc delus]oal utt,in1 aulorn*ofrhlhhieheslpraisIrh dtnin. nd h lili.ln8 Iao -,'jthle asPmtion of lion, is ddialion' n sen1ln cmssion, brolcrho.d.nr th of on iYi|]g v l ^ ' d , l , \ , | , I l , " , | n ' ' . d , . , ' , i o |P | .n l ' . ' ' J , d ]fu wh, ftrIadlng lh t will dsri !r rsonsc t|rcaulhor? to wiih finl hatr, njmunil lh authol, u m! d s Nrit' ing to th foll$nreadd$: d!lt ashji, P, 20152.D,|] Nrv York. NY. 1o !o Lol7 or. fa: 212.68?0]6 hc a0lhorrill ltcnr]n rsd reeit f sigedletlr lvola|r l.un or evIotrsondn.. and ' da|Amei! brothor ster.of t aovrsP!s $ou|d lYh thtthc |attelwld .ur th nuthormosl ssurcd] h lh hi'D(ease llhol isNo dIlsjna|, inhrdto 9 nt will .onlnel c !hmntlneeativci oul ]i! uI posil]on aI lrin]ner tou YoU 't lo |cLings tlr aut r shuld lilld sjth halrmtioDl rll lc jin liiYoU NiL]]ivu]il. the \L]]nsill in t|re halLs midsl.tur hildrcD. gift ad t:YoU l ofhte No fra!r hs sc!lt oul el o|d.s l{]ve, lho Dr an u . lhcsc fran pags, iDsfor lh author ]night xtelIading fr tirit] ad rn|ly |ir!lht] lravedpl.d hatd formo]e t ta|en6and ahic!mnsol our A Ilave ] nol desrid nrfinite ] of mnj ol?a! I oLft|eftdto t suffrig ur pclc lt t34

h Trulh N

e r.0ld ht dt!1rd hii

yol Loeniz sutlering oNLY th Imnians. lh oL rvhi]enegating th lngunh of LL the pcolcs. ottomaf,urly. thyou have losed mnitledb.ncniaRevluoul id l th tciiildeds tiar]s' lrerewel drcadluI xls o]nfriltd lh urks.as *L].it wsa h]]wxr.nd dstosa]|li!s,h Uliftrltr h. wr ot nronyj twn respelive sas our y eples, givonny dmaed mu tua|hatred and oey onur rns wrsevrcd' dreh e f ut ter|rd No die] mutualoasin d a dsn or DID pec tr wasftslordandnlilrus grow.olring Iiuitso ur to ils rotherld h.rm nd ]logoueoles Yu fr,r ahiles]lion wc]th !r li'bul]halred and in renh\ i our hall'you qill nevrra|iz tfuehap]nes Yo pa} tsdo notwish y i|1. !1fie ]ga |hatehiIrtheyhve]nhr itcdwi]|s on 1 !d ou Nill dsIi.dto $ n1 Ipet Ual y|eo|lratd to yolr hildrn Fi hs lo! \'iL] dr ]|Losi] mifestation hlrdontinlol,hink olh lv d wa rhihha of dv.sttd mi1]ios l|ejb ]tsverntult.i|ray wr.lhren no lilor' n|y vaquishd rvhthI t|rfild fbtL r ln our rlltjons wilh uIf|lowh! ings. hlan nl It mIt whih wil| evcnfu]l ausleroagltjns llistl hs pvn' nmis' ad ,ale emto]nofl!* lr]nds, r strda no suggeslioa tat t atla]nomasion nd lrarm! whil ur hearts oliucl gi!,wi]| c sy,ut YoU andYoL u'Ul, lU mtte.lr}difiull.MUssver lh bnds ltred agnt col of a ytrh *hom yo sh,r ve. sr turis ofulnml ssnniltion, Nt lbr th bnljt 1.tlris uthoI, fol th nenlofylr arnts' not u1fr YoUR ent.You oright Iiliizd,0l $a you e1ce yu utkh DLheIo sler. u x']|1riene ilinit]veofjnr the $ h o h a s s a i d : . . ] e s d r t c a k l b l t h e s h a ] | l l d t h c a e At t positinin lh]s aogap, yu a! lea.ncdof lh vn i|rthlo|il.e o|lhe autor' theole$'hen ns sons and fthe kh plemd le]]net In the fia|omm.nh lth atrlhorto Armnra his tlre st, th f]|owing offered aDd is as tcnrost rrrrdnle dllfict|h]sl]: ^s has bee. des!d'ou fit !it t nrky took la ia Auguslo l968, ndoul nretinss ivith hjerrf,kingoiiils adm.

t85

Arnliiio

A.lios h rulh Iu* old dtlid shjj

thc sm ghos Mardirian] th s indeed uxpctd Dt.] lU l0.''.l974.theIettr ds as fllows: I ha! doldu pnallald d nl know now l sk f fr8ivnss, surc u hav lugl an Amnian not lo hat. I hoyou.llconsid! a vrypeonalltleandshl|ldapjnl lhis me. onsll. Gignd) glros ardinin,'' jo rvhih n hand rilten |ottr ucl to m a sDrne rvods can not dsri' nd s l lilled my ees' i rad lhe lner ovr nd vor g3in,Amng lhr n hno4 whih !v een. senld to thc ulhr, as dsribedin lh work, no hav aietrlm s muh s |ettrfrom a young m I ve nvr nt' and Posily (eontly),Ifl sill er met iovd nothinc re in m iie'thatI nad something l do Nith hangilg the hafl of oN oue e tiom hatrd,is my grlest,toward,,' I calluponthmenian Yuthtonu|ater olrosMrdir. ian md ftee oulself f hate,and rcn ut to our urlh brothernd slstr. ly vait your eme]

t87

io } ^ulho.s an4f otrm|c Jirrti.h ulh

lrrete jnil]x]..m. re $oold usfulpuosein rcetin egin Y!th. th uthorttlre monts Pl s etd1otc Armnian as dtrtd stalere are ning |Iis hlter,wever'n n.lLtdltg welcourF as t l yourattenlnJn vell, cause ulhrwuld peflin]ng th rvolk andhjloPhyoflh uniqu..Flind to sctives jt ou|d e suggesid lhat lrts lrom urkh rcad the would ninleplssa . dminmtlfloml rsons. a might aPer to ect'but jfi|]rl lle 1 e ncliv sumpti frwhic I aveworked'it N.n]d nte pinis fronrlh ofrmDnit i rhelist lime,As muhas hseedsried these gcs'theraI wiha! not etings. and ndvo. ounl|c$othIets, e.usr f tills work.nh ift most of oDr Iolted heie' h itns a! lsulldin suesful |us]os' hs cei!d lh
iL.

of m staes' *jf nd I lra!eelod thc ehavior tbmr liicnds. Ds to |os flindswh n longIr grt ^clding oLhr js ariuted a suonsi0s manifcstatio oenv' to 1lrhrnon onvolutdlheor |ollos th on: lr eson (rot.ili|]g to tlre who has taught aurhol)]s an Amlil no.Turkh.nn.Mnslinrl hins]fto sPekndNrne in uishi hsomn ardl!d!l. of nd 0d n loquelsksmn. a farlssdetndcr th urk poPl: nrsddjhn. n thiAmian he nd N tlr be.]ls monor got th lnkn tntrm i1] of. lre lhjs ierpliab| sitUati? snsto lhsequenions nludine chtel, her.orthe tholwill lld in th ollot]g' s, rlicNs Io our Urkhred| But llast smnegalive antiite t th havc advised rian yoDth, smadviejs dircted tn as l d lvedurklr rthlnd sistc:oly our o.]]Lqr.nc ot sholde oul elide in lrmulating our korvledgc uI ttituds ne|;, Yl' 19.- r.io, |,|.A|'ci.. |.,,of, nEl,E A ..adlntao''' ulkh Yoth'andihat : eigaletodlssmt o!I lhetr{ nd gvcrnl, t an il] fomed Amricpubli,]ndia, positio thhtorothul* Amen]nrellions iacl that o

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thn sl]sed is unfrud.foreeIis, dtonins. d sition sed rviu ol ll an adicnc wih so ecrt lamtne rks fol Ar athig l an lhik t ut hl | YoUR osnion1 von ln l lf,ou aie aused on or ositiD lfuttAmin al|egtions? gacdin!dcbt'wi1jyol lto res lristolicltsNhilrNill nl l pfoy th Armis ng? l m onvind a. u r oony Pr. ald t defenduI htol and aestols. Yes. taulolelivs neniaYulh hasa major..] that !antag'' o}r nrkh Youth.ause ma' istijrg of fato,ven he onts | si'ar|ddaughter oln Armeai tm. il in G|ndaIe, aIiforia' wh]hhas edesied in lh wor*' th quintesstil |npl ofth dilerarvniu* Yout as' Wordsmensncthing, thy a. onrlrt d th an hurt]thyan lhe lruth.andre$ ilsehoods' words hnP inl the seak mi|rds olinnt Amni lrildr. tlreiesapabl ad rsult: tir|..htoriaI !ahls boome aUry,'' ,,l FoI any yea' urkh youlh hver!ald lh utnor: t ls ne!rlaugtto ateth AmeninFl'i.',olI'' | hu. a w a! with lh Phj|osohy suh menn]mus niry? I Ierelt s.N ust, fol thase |hateb nsll]af, atrcdlvln our lllow huan in8s' autholdes not radjat otsplsethhatrcd whi | lh heanot! si yer]d child'ut le, th lai . whi] urkish oulh hv n tagt oss]on' ..Iipld..' theirlk of th i det fa ol' ha! tftmntll lrkish-Amenin htory |f ulkh u do t posses even a ofth c!c Nhilr took planr ottmu inifium knwldg k. wnh a..iu|ar attention t ^mnin issue.thcn lh t. urk tirads th AanciansNi|l lmiunswred as re of nd l su]li lhe frjnds ol'the ninlmdth Urks will dstilrd f! h nti.urkh Amrin nrvs jnedia,t evry !j| aUsatin' ] sehs oflitiias, Plaline wllhynslfuny. tlrst' rcorpid nmges of ulks, ad lh Muslin lailh' 8il1 all lmin in rvlent Westrnsoity tf YoL] .mainidiffIen!uninlolved, ad orurc,i1n ou surndr the honor ftur ppl nd oul ogrus |the Reuli lndto tos wihseekt weken slai]ily the *'old*'id' ot.urky dfmc urkishpopL and th

IllItuil

Nln lotd y Ed{rrd l.rlhji

r. t'ilh lhe lelizlion lhe sanfian! ddia.io oI o|yu s tols. how c lou enit a $ lLatc Mcllrats. in tlr and thu oun' lnos,1 nIinuc thn dtoainofrlrh nistoryl in oParedt lhe suliIig o1.lh urkh eopl dLheir e!n lual!ilr,ho$ courem indiIercl tlreian onslallrt s (A|finixD) Dtinus1ausoflhi| innnnuD Amcnanpoll. ..Armnin I].jnsad s mdix,1uiq0notrs Rcso1ulin.'' ]ik 10 sorPls, otjnDes e 5ei le hamefongrs and slal L8isaluresso WHA? oit, oUren]t nnjn lh l|galjnseainst Ar l rlld l intc|]ignn dt th !ol| o]]
lfur

t b unjun| of,d]nncd? urkGh Yut. il.ou ar no\r angryrth 01aulhor l.rh adritio, s jt. it dsn.t th maltcrhat yn thinkme. . usl dof,1 sek ur mmendtiof, .ur f,demnljn, or Yur Iioit!usl lhe loi o|.is ool ands c son oI dluehlIof tlr inrnl AAURK. tour prtiitin th cdsoft.lulk in yilL makekowni ltslurk hua. mlnlit, w|Ldv]de. it dp|Ud nd ridnr uIulfurc htry' In addnion'resen'e ,our enrg'v.ur inlelll'our inv.]! mt,oul lov, l dre honolof te ulkh eoland drulk homlndNhnn olr lort D chl thc ulk.Ancian l l.dsiP'lnJ likejr 1rherevr elhnlurks rsidthro0ghout lhe Llond Ma]nh]nyour auliln|urkish l'n.Dag srdM0sllm nd lanhj frainhin .ur t.r.fol di!LgU $ilh |i1nd t' in reveling or tl fac of the urkh'Alneinhisor' o] sujet t erliing As n Af,rim. \rh lim er|yhildhd hsen]sd on Lljtha pule lve l.r ALL l]ngs urk' l h!! ukn lh libnoiad \,|,l] i,h)', ], | 0 4 |,\r,!' d:. | )d) l . i' ..". " a toeol ijnatiee m Drt. n Ifd] ulhoIhaslated lhlljPres Ddf| yol1o |ognizr lnn. mv sion.h rl]0c*s urf|]!ns, genr,ln' ]nr n.l pr thc urkis Pcol| 1),.ldr lio lLlard in8 ou lo dea|Rith lh tet ofnenianlted or}our elin oanUs diffclcscf,v urkh lh hi]soia| rnd th ^rmnin n nt . dmsd as iNieifint, . Plcs,

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u*b0|d rd!d lJ'jl b lit,|,...oi.,ji'l ' , , , n | , ' ' , g e . ' , | t o [ ' | l , . ofany f dre hs nslled starfiea th nd Uljsaking. ond,s IcogDizd sjenlls'Nril, ets'hilosohc'lExds of f,d siates] thc Nolts f the lbundf lh wIld.sligions^s difi. Mr' has th Ultas il ' Looprhnd, nlkh sh]ar' Mu]l1nrLu, titr' his ork, dvoled no lss lh .lglr ler f h ook. to dr hutogphed ook.I WhenIreeived dtwoofh mnsches, onlinrcto lel that enrtiol af,d Iedthos Eus Pges.lnre glh I n hol nh oJ Suhan hot lIn a rlo \|ho is hl.l i11 rftredl hrolglut t woft' rh writcr lrasontinuu .haudror'''..h ponsigu|'lvrds$|as hifusel|inlhthird ..he,'' ,,nim... ,,h.', odrer hv ad re].ernes' edlilLy wlitI,,' to. the d with ih jnllionol d.mPhasizing radls ttcnlion |,,i|,,fi .,,.',i]. J,o!'1, ),,tr,|o, J|^,l"| ii$hlh lhc gul, th]sbookasnlsto nve. stor. ahilsoh, of f,e to rciz hunb|rls hunle lhe rdcrwillhofull Amrim ad lr life lg elonson a|ffllr lerhtor llhe ut lh 1og htol fankind. lilld wilh ut]esem. lxi| ms.recds' pLs tlrhufianitarin 1ol en !d ]vmn o| thirniry.ad wh withlhirdeeds, ilelIcl, andntialitis hve. givnto teo]cs o Noid thc hool.a ettr hv l ladGhi lh ribre,fr lh oint |rward. rdIwili ome l singnlI .fl a|]'lhis n Uto|og know me, i the iirst Pen. f M nludjn oels lrc ltrds R surarizlioa me b somf lh fuan!tos whihhav Bused to odmed lh Amenim o|c thUnned slls.whil beingnrds'tlr iD Norldwide'll the i.rd.r . i{nhenylvc fm the urk op|e of ! n0s hoord lhe ufish peopl li!s lhtIha!enlrighl (tlrat eijrg ml,ns l l m atisitin m ow o|e and ,l^'/. nre urkish honelnd, No t siiDJni' rt|rs' ltis bok thenyo musl rclum to thc ddiati ofihodxeopl). l nd rcad tesegesaeain,y psitiotjnues rahatit hs againn th thrugout adull ]il the Arni sL]egations m en rklr nlljn' tailig l theevenlsoth ]ql5 Iiod ollmn

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halershih haptell, in m filonenlq l Ik. rvious ferto a. ish Yuthi s thereou will nd lh mhhril ln hls INs! (ltelsid,a/d.},'.,, Yes. ahnjd beard Resolutio. suh my disdain rhe Amenin desribrg omiDale $h for uI usilIani]no!s o1itiis, ha! n knledc01.urkh rYithonlinuos their$allhyAmenin $|Pofle htr.andward tlr o mound Amenin hyI.worldsid wnh lc ..ladhi.. Arnnian oP|eundcr lheir dua] ftc in mind lh Dshnksagang ratd thn hur al,o?ios.,' r l. of btin th l70.' Anlvosrf the eslal]shmnt th Ameiln otlh rgn| hrislianhurch,hjs ru]y a lesd v.t dlervnrg roligins oflhe sond utih htorynd ofll e tinole !oo]s the I.thArmiaPplorcminhiddenbus xmlhrts lhrfrc. uPontvnlsol.oltomnurkyj anti! nrd so]e]' aI n whever ^anianoI Armnians du$ed ]n th mdia'lh sPonielrt n rh stvnt,ulnevr on of thr a.h].vr is s ndo.libutjsto sojl. nelhigru' lrinoryrvhs ll thlla]it}of^rmnian I|rdd, aed it I u d t h v t s f|h 5 r i o d , I t n o l e n u g ! 1 o I f e s . . l m x t9L lhe illh tchings im w stab]ishd hristiananh or lristia',, relieion lhe lirhtrsto]e, f arc notPmlie!.W mustnotIame Nith 1csge l Judn' ]na ' and lulianit. unilea| and git1 ill ad a rothlhood o .ur ratrst b olr .hndren, desn hrfrc' UrIidi olr u ofAmenin asry. to uI rtin filh, ha! adherc ninllory nd rofound ojc.liv.c .l L] grielouslgated vlusshih are th integal th lhe tlreAnnef,jn.aifitn].l h l peo]sfgod wil|.spe.inaILy. rria| ventstaking]cein ottmaulke, b.rnd dulig t ln|tiD ofth inds andhnsof Fnsl wol|d War' ndth ase|e$ ].or rvilh ilt hted FelNho hdlso $tArmihjldr l doem 'ar, rmincntar the fundjnenta| fIdnlring lh soe outside |urk, odmn Yu, the Armnins f our holy hurc, cause olfuy ^rmcnin nrllr bus 'n positln. th soof,n id ssl |t urU&islrthe wotk,ndelusel ta! Iaed js eonduronrrehensin t how ].ou|d d!t |iti l. tc s Yu ha! ben ]n ndalo as lvx]cd tlr rk. fI trvoasns] in No lrild is born with nimosity h lrall, rughl hrc,bus l

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l Am.g other|aimsad b rmian.lad. xgainst ih !r*s' ]s theidandlhat u|ky ffum'poaions |ih ]dto t A]rias. oe tlrGlks anl 1hir' ]eo dreTulkh of hoe|and. aDd]l us nt forgetth Kurds,th Rusians. th syrins. thlraqj1hknians' terstofthe.givem'rowd'Alter al1th and limsar s]tjsficd lh gelus trlks nd sintcrc\'il] b no Iandlelbl ther' lhen}' will hale 65 MlLLloN URs ometo th Unitedsttes Amrj. andsLde ht' l] andN, l ros th n|kh Gvernmenl ]n]rt Ioosl m aseduon nly oN ndn]n' nd lYhend]atonditio ftlnlld, the urks }j|l cgrn lo PJkig lhci |ueaage onditin. rvih I hve given muh he Undstatssholld FlRs e,/, all fonIl|itris l tlr^mrinlnd] people] ,?n,, Puen Ri, nd lhe is]nd nalion ol'urm to spi|r; d lhc laIldso nw ourd lh slales of exs.N$ io. Nevadr'Ulah' Ij7-a, oLomd, f culsc d al1tori th svereign to natio oxico, su propsa| v'ou|d olsiicrd s ludirous rni ans.ut Lllrendre fanatic] frinc Nith its own ma hls dsigs o .,h llkislr soil. Wl AmrianP|iliian*uld dIe to sa: Amcin dmnds ]udi]us,.? are 2 M scondIoosl .s srius Ih lirel. rnd equa|ly is as we]|thought Ut'or a ,ny lntry has ec osd Pi. t dmilmnian rslulnJn\ ad.un} statcLglato lrvcblolahl lh ifitionllrkh hjsloittfiArinlssrm'wll. why ln m not th urks rcipl,i t y ou.try n cmncfto r,1te'lill.Anian Genocid., thnurkshould.mf,mo rttc ftual genoide oth AmrjnInd]an the leopl.] pos |kh Pr|imenl delr Jul.1"'ofve eIas Da],o7.e,.,l b|Lf 1hu|icJndk Gi.l, hr ooveplopssill nl c taknsrios]t' lbrfi a| b lgtios 8insllh pcloI m prud l sc. urky |ud 'guilL.. gros mr onenedlY]lhthen wn asendartc| lhn

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4 Ahl in telbook.tken 1915. in showsaumrus me wnh.joind hnds lrundlhe tnl ofirj supsedl]i revent l tlre Uitif,g le lree,ofoaninc wnh tody,snlnontllls, t n is' theshowed thn'i/}ofth tre| 5 tct ok |or igh solstudls/...,es lat hr]st pherlnmus aDld t kingandqen hd to l.slfr IGH y lor the tirnds nsary fr his ePcdit]n 1492'A,D, whih in menso|uus Nou|d hav Lndd lh.New wond,in l5i]0, in A'D'l Fat h ladd erein I492l 6 Prentie t]i|'l rsetrl o| ulhr rcvlthe nams FoUR alhN'oneotr amed Mlton' s eingtiuto s, to okn hntJr (I did tl c Id th ok'sft|e) M Da|dson iE t]vs N'!s ato d s xdmitssh kai'NotilNG aoutdre ok| lrthrc.aulhors, NolNG 1d wilh Ie\'nling had oflh,htory ok..enhel. FoUR NAMIS wl usdi]|egall' 7 AnotherhlI lct ok lfrsur studts tol oi tlr lh lathI oul ouniry. of erc Washigton, mpassd R i .lrtoryok..s| pgesr d pags. whil i th smArri \ od |o l,Iari |! or ! 8. A g sdnt DID No livei hic soo|tel bok nd infoed htr cfrth 1$' bause duling hr lisn to lhe stltu oflirry. snc d |emd utelovernrg Indot. lh was 9 h fol]Nnrgtakc fromn A v newsadast, on otobr2t.L' 1999: Philadlhi In high sh.l' ]iraryboksshl' ltNe delofsuth Aa hadbeekil|ed, thtN1n and nzzl ol ehed $ffce t the Mo a5oflht dat]lt is nlci!| th thtlhe aovlundrs pIa! ouldhlv tken of e aasw lo te qustio tlr selioa lound i the ir 8 etl s|rown above, ounggirl kn theinfmationin heletook h was nrlet. sh inlmed he]asmals nd lt fcE' h rly whtuikh stDdels ''ls7 do' wha v er lht n rlrn the lo Amenim st. qujpd with t lxts ol.Urk Aenia fily,oustudnts wil|rfuttl dsriptis oflhe venlsin ot. tmnUrkt' Prsntod a al, intlliget i mannr' ursfudntsan rcvlisloril ftswhihth ltoks will nl mntio' ] or but der ! offrthe urkh Psctive.Drsludenls muste krldg.

oPPR,

201

ab]eot their m htory, g or ifful|c fcts:lrc Andon'an orgelies] tlre Ramgvr.t| unlrak d DashnksgnRvlulto r l1is thirwNY FIv YARS o|tblljon ginstU ad in kei th fredom joed e Armnins ulkej thejghesl by . rmenls; e held , unl|css snionsolih oltoman govret !940s.inlLding tNzi man duling th eany mnja suort lhatsrud Nazl m] i|!rurk. tlre wlv Amenia banalions f n lea.n nd fllw studnts ist studnis aNl ftse {'i|l lan lh tfutn f ulkish htory and linall rognlz th dp tion andfDud le AmninsI

202

u* old ! [d}!rd rlhii

IN INAL RoGNIIoli AND oNLUDlNG

PRsPIvs IlIsU'l.oR: o

strtmenls Rhihsill rnrg altoi8rph m lBfremnludine

i a linl ndjng,I |t ih f]|owing 'o selionsnedd ad. l jn drossdnsl, eause nunrerous individh ha! al.Ieled |ifnd $olk. I shou|d |$ rePealtn arns 0l with my elemldcl nd gmtitud. wnhut fufthrdsnptio: c|o!darelts,Dr, slahatlin iiylkiina|.Dr, okta Ak. knl.Dr k nynkiia|.r. Taik u|ut.r, rgiinKn|ikovlj' r gernen a. th lxlo Arneni.n Patrjarch inn$nrkrlut Il sy.th lere.lhc sr]aoltlrdohtrrch(in ky nd here)' M6 svinqYnran.Dr, Ata rim, l]orhis ltjand wdom.and I,Ihim Krhrlu!.lbr!l] his wrk, I mustrognize ountlss !r Inends \ithi dre drtin 0rkh.nnan Assoiations. o In,. ndlh smly lrknh ]ner]an sitins(lo.td washin !rgto!. D', arca). v d mst dediatd A frindhs rqusle! lo rcma1n nnmus lhIlorcl sllIcrl 'W, rlndig and dpgrlilud lr magincl fol fflts olrWebmlst ta|cnts s havenoton|sNd lh writcr'bul !o tlrulkh eop|] on mrename remist rtincd thiso! $j|1c e nd rcgnr7cdsbng wolk to itson|sion l ol.rh$rilI: s.id fi.a|dion h0e nr pesa|6lj! DaI Reder. muhlmy |ie's stor m]ssnre frnrtltisulbioglx. ph.suhs x fiorc elabolamtive ofm yUlh.nd n floma. lve dsri!n poIlrexlth. lh diiiultjesol]! l ]if.Iong nd nrg lbr ]nmolheld|ing finlereo|hcr |ile' ut ths th sujets re pUrlyofa !c6onl nalurc. *'hihgl sii]rto t|]c rienes oI maaur rad. cs ges hoto r!a|th intiof, th nnd o|fi ]iie work.myhmle eff s.ndeloreorylifoms Pasin 100 end' to frth ook s m leglo ALL lh o|s ofUr crtwith |tiular atnlon and sierdediatio urkish nd to ^nn]n Yuth ln l| hoest, nrustlelto my radrj on I my sin islealand freldolt' humbl lonshaveevelsought lo oc' rsagl hatc]in rea]it vIlealdthutter l futi|it f hlrd N4hun1bl l}bas ha! !I souetmateril e1nr te

)01

tri . o|d d*rrdhshji to dulBtino].tho|e] hale sIved'jn lljt l hle ttjnpted re!a| th iqu .ofisin m palentswh hd stfrd nd el ta0h1ust love' h ds'.ndls ra| h ns eenlhostrd!us tolt on Part.duling x |ifc. tir oL $ork, M wif nd l otiueb e livi|]gtestnnon10 th so inseIilit lhe Ulkh nd IniaD o!sI ilhs a.d of

h . l o | s n e | t r L ] | n c L h$ . r | i o n l i o : .

u ar rt1 rasonlo liv

|rjs llhc hs of ealntn|song hswordslrc lh egnring in fronrthe frid |950slld lill Ys, one morc to Iegizd ut nr mosuiqualloiogray. Iamfdljlhn imsj]etask' qi|l I aleto b.inglo pxIm |udjng satmls nrmel.how whilvi|l rtrt tlrcnrstimPonlntsn in m |if?he n 1nd! ne lvholrassuprted fi v]d!a|Rhhsgi!n m lhe osl hapino*, fal fr ad my Nork,$ho hasdycd tie slIscrjn. bd 1l ailitto Iess. w l lh dy.le l m as her,'hro.', tlrese te and in sitof jnuhmore,sc hs c Ioenjzed ]iql rn th ok.t]ernan Ml. dsh my elo!dwif l lbny $r glri. lrMryd I s rcveald earljci olr lxmilissr frinds jn WaEaRn. ss,.nd l, in ro, NcN York' rvrrn:s.or lYas t 1lg ofIh|tc. Ma lslh. |thi andernrtlrr llt wid] ycas |d,o say shohd \N elevea n! hildr.n,th oldcslwlri rvj.h h ircumses is difiu|t hjl{]h.d an undtteenl to beomnr wi|, the rirr xiot|rer h| rought l Ne]YYok had ook our lif toglI,lras ts shrofj adsows,but olr oul |dilfi. hainsyth g.eo|God. |rceds nods rurual loIu]nes of ol |td eiell Rmantisons. otl,]Yrds t. nd tor lv d |f,ging uI blo!ed litrtr, wondjd'hveelcssd I mats, hjIdren.l nc!ied o ol,n lyal, rnts.d andle.rllve ibr m u. hFt dsrie $Llem afll.oD]d hcr ofIleln cle ieJ]' qnalitis 1ifulwii, N{. dsri lm ltoiocra wonld requne!n, Pgsad lhouehthe url]s

24

! rft ]!ron be 0|d dlrd ]lji

ofurkh'Anelin reltions. a1' lrxs m h hsenthe sublct lbre6eendnlinusl.nintegmlomnenlfntwork, M edlss mmoris. moslol whinnotbe dsribed h, giDthe dy whcn Mry eomes mlr pan of my |ile' lt tok lhe |rc.n M 4,'. |958'in our srian oahod hl|!h. in wst Nw Yrk' NervJ. duringoul wedding ceremon, lrgystoin h lint fthe a|tI, Iidalrt, th nowo.famil mem gusts, and plcjtvilincfor thntryol.f, Qeen. wIll in h thIgaDt ganto |y lh .Weddig prossio.. veryn !d stodup !d r u n " d , \ t ' J e 1 ' , o l h ! . \ o I o J | t L . \ , ' . F , h ( ' ' . l ae o ]dsnbale autl angliwifcro j esfred hr by Dthel, Plr' sted nowly to{'rd th a|lr. hre I !.od' ove rvhlmed th magninn y whih rrod Iosand ]oser. I n nt ellvelmosL al|a tulhas pased: MaI has fu]fi|ld a jo, n ljl rvnhsuprme It is an on da rivilcfr to be in ! sutne]joous poslnt l$ltomplto.olea|muIlo! lol ry wif a,nr at thsegesandbeorrte $ol]d, he reasns lovin nI rc i.fi. for aitito dolinemy ]vetolhin!e I nrmrvou|d fuh|itoce o f t . I D | o \ , \ - 1 . \ o , | d | q ' , i n q ' | v t . t F r . , . ' ' x slt wnh m vaulry, t]we!r] sn tlh infinead lh in futilit. f|oligdl div!|g firnra]ooiltio sr hel ] of ot fian saritis, effoas,d dvlionto d supIr hI |mc my ol ,.d., /t:i' 'n\ , l,,'Jnt lo,v,,y,r e ''tok cale lmy limil nd m ldn parents, spe. ei /daUhtco. cia|l my othr M nlhr, lv had |aod lll er lil, anr very i|l and rmanyrsou]dl |fta|onei ry wUldcok, atl]e, dEss, ndrePar slrmy mlhr, lr inmannervnih mn danlrt wou|d notdo lor thn\ln rnts' a plisioa|osr As tlgst/aician. has erormd sh wrks o| afi wit tlr syho. ]ogialand enotionl fisfontios$nh th h. mak{p. d eautifiltin lhI lits, sh hsainlindour hom in!c| Lan fumd id {'ithu*ish mlifseyz,]lr,u'. e| cookingtlnGrc qualedler acj]vitha nedle ad thread. er knorvledge ashio dal sulrjts s mudr o and and ro, haverade |ifc thc rcipit m ofhr kidncss, lln.her hcr alin.andhrtrna| atifiiI smiIe 205

A.meii Algrdo

h.

Mt ld Edd

shli

t | | n L m . o u ' t \ s ' ' l , r u , ' ' m r eo a u u | L '|n v l 'ust as ct upp hs no nt of fift' in othr wIds, whei fhe owerla!slh lom,theDetblivsit folverndbmsdrs trugt'so il js wilh me] We ary out f m !ie, whcn l c.n not har heoie' whn l n not fl hel lose lo m' I a0 distUgt vcr hr asenc,ut hI ltu rcjuvnatesn spnit md cmfofls sul, ..I] did not kow thr lolod Mary' ver old urkish snc ss: sas a Gd, YoU lnwould b my GodI,,ost ious Nif' thse Nords l sak t you' as I lov u wiih rvry readrl ke' For th goodnssof ou hean' lor yonr oforting sil' fol lh pelition f your brUliful 's. !d |or !minding m very dy lo lak m trdi yo! on] ie,andfor so mumE l cherhlh groud stand Der Redr, ] Iudwilh l t$'o mst beaDliful wods in ANY lnlage I wish for ay' n' lmily' and ALL !o|s of of Iessincs coodwill' thsuIe

GoD's Lov!

206

u* old y d{jfl

r\nji

^lrt - t:Pno8u: pDr |l' 2oo|

r -hos ofus ho ar on0nare h!!e livd eondlh xge lsirr y|s, wi]l!i!idIv reaIla sehwlriPrsidn1 Frnk]in Roose!lt. addli!d tojjni ssinfthe .ncress ofnr Unedstts, in \h]h h aded to thdateol Dm. 7Li.l9.ll. s.,, , th d ol infl|ny ^mril,slri! th sondwnd wr! had ,','' benprcipitatd the seakaakofth Jnese For uP by An UrilitarNvl asi Pealltlrr ls totwo thous!d mein M]|ilryPNone|]vI ki|ldd the Unild statess hulld into a olld fliiwhih would e!tua]l tkc th li!s o. ]n0 ril]ions ofoF1 lhe oflilof!upe, n,ic.andAsi,At in 1h D|us]on thewar' teUitedsttcsd llr 1|is ditld ol hld Nazj Germ,Iuptllxl,nd Imrin|.laan'uti s]ritoftlr s.jelifiadvancmlls olt modrnJd fts'olld, Man\ nra]lity l |ive nr eacynh h fe|lwman eigsntilrud m.1rsl to jtslf{as lvry masuin !ryl g ion ofour wond othr thandraltako Prl arorth mnwaG i Nhilr lh Unitedstates adeeninlolcd,tsinc0lrasl hih hadr' lBi]d i|rll lscwas. was te |aL lhlthe AmiaD llmlndhd nv|nthe t]ld.tl|e. Amric dstin ut ws hnged lir cvr d0ringth fiomig | stenrI l I]],.200l. tlr -.hnhted and tinlin egair!aledits vilhi|osolh, h hij dIe sllls o1.Lhe tlrt tlks LlPn wr|d d terjn N]v Yolt lhe ilyd tPente lildjf,g. in WashingLo' D,, havn rc]tion toth auligrrhy. nort ukh.Areric toD',wvr. even lhoug rl was m ]nlentin o!lude this rvrk wilh lh ]voll1] l Lov. thc salage sault un my unfiy lh Uitd sttsof Amia dth rli mlrder ot.|os tfudrousad to nrnei jn ivilians. omlsmo to otI the Iadr pcctive lhis hotri on ble!ent.!vh1h ilud urkislromponnl rvili onc agin' urk asnotre]ved reogitin lh shdsns' he drved Godless and recjmeo|the ali .Govrlmt. t th waFtom o!f,lryf Alghtan, cmto powrltcr ersl \!r rvithth tbmer sovitUnin,nl dr wnhdrwa| oth Rusias

27

Il. ru'h N' ! JJ h} [dlrld hii

pcndfieedofrt. th ]e o|lhls devrntd hod ol br]ng o| lvil nmdosfuain Ladn s |eadel th h nramal as rljn d Al.Quedaandsltcrts,plaimillcmslves lhe .Delendere nd mi|i l]|n,.and theirsndwid w ofdetjn sith tlreattak hnc|andofthe Unnd silcs lar geression f ra fthir f|loweand t IenIies hil indotrinltin ,Am.' of n|iidslfanli, rsu|t ^s tr ounries.P|!dudan plns thewjn owe of theWond md e. ilrto is$ l]eq twjt uildin8,he trrilloss ot on into th Pntaen tI and nther !d lrose tiuth ountless ttrusdsoinjurcd, thousands |lj!s, nnd mtizd ljfc. the mnumcnlldestlutin dl fc dral thls l ofodissti]|on writine.si roths l!tr,t rc!I|hundrds nc ivi]ias ol lh ]nad daslaldl th arh! ui|rnenl tiues.has 1t vei thc htoryoflhe ]l]llzdRond llh Nr|dughl oftlrivilizdo]s he un.revuion jmmed]t statesnd I al|is nrililIlesponleliom thc L]njtd a in eainsll x|ia. nd |.Quedal.rs ^lghnislh struele |lh ^f. lmcnntinues, thn.1dnri|ralion ul elinstthes ghnlhgsenrushd. a smblln.e.ldcmy d de and du lo Amricnsstane' havebgDn o.mli inslifulions r]malil an haslrmd e} govemficntand l'Ianrid Klai' inlenmleadr. ,e
],., \ ' ,lJD , ',, v \i n l|l | ' J'P

thn sell] osaain Ladn.wh ljk ! s.ion has dug a hoL fI n as h attcnrls av.jd afure ils jf,lion ne to in the sand wulde shoa l wnh' urmilitaryolioin Afghnln eted en o onm t. rvealcjus ot tlos o|ur mv filrtig | t 1 . d , | d . , . l A , ' . , ' | i , , . d . o e r( i d d ' . . ' B - n nh thencm,Ilowmanymreof o youemenwi|l mk uter lhese e!i1lcnnls? in t|] sut1 srjnc ldiatig et negaelsivlreed oJ.th\yrhas oe otnhl! y tho nws md|aand lvo ttifud t]vsldt]rMunim commuities th pnlicnr lh Unitdstis BLjevig Afghnloljsc rhegenraL manvdu' Musli ]igioa reresent spak behllftl nd nrded s ALL Mu]n e|s lodthiNl kj|l. atcdAel]ansreoeniz o| Kor! snremess.ge ofhrtrcdofJws,and s. andosidIt shoIartsd lrliaf,s his witcr. } aIlnas. 0otanIslari

l,d ' 'g . rn\ A ',d l o1. .1|i' '

hrulh li-Io|d

hr dwrrd

'*hjj

umyNnrsarh old ] m ]ose N affliatiowitlrdrlu. tiannd Muim .fun1uniljes.I $tethatIslmDdhrfilhfllldo nothr.rhrred towa.ds NYON. Negative attitudes sam No6e wilh lh a.ts ofviole gantuslnn instituIjns M]n owedusinessthlouhout nd the Unitcd states,wonn ]d i]drcnol unfu fnrillgsD' flful|b]f,gsen oul steets. evnthUgh thywere |o] cni znsofoun, Profi|nrg ofmn wilh M]ddlelslem kgouds lrasausd ml iistdrvilhUl hares' h altignphy ui]l noLview few |a0ristats th whre thc ralio non Mus]im]igioDs l pl]nifted Law (as if, y sludiAria lnd lh sudan) lreuscth som\yrl th un lr l.urk'adt tlretir Us|nnNnd A11rsptnor ll. 2i]0l. i thc re$ BDdn t Idi tlk. jnra shws. lIeglIjns streolyp]aI the ad fMui pp1s hs regimes, ho in l .Nam ol.|sLfi'.rtat then elil deds susmtk,o .nsidrle trrt osama in'Ldns a u9 |nnIli8ius ladris rh codirt hoIy,Won]dill hr. f !n wond osider.Iim ]ons,Dvid Kors|r, imlh Mvy' erry Niols, Jaes kr. limy swggfi, lhe devj|iamal .r dlf l.li tlcl. s lprcstn] nd cl iv in3 lh lahigs oI lr lianl t.] e he Reub|i ulke sas th nrst pltdominnt] of Mlslim atio ndrn tftrt 1o lh ttcks uponlheUnitedstats' o d a]n lfc.cdurcuntry xssiskd by Wasiclon lirr he ulkh rcss a mdin Afierj! i essclcases, was lette, andpnlistlmnts. sh]h l shlleii lo nln:on sptemr to lh l2lhj 200].m nlnddlesed .l th AmerixnPtrli,. \s senl1oe redi ih UitdAmrianUnim Asoiltj o|Nw Y.rkj |n Ao!the signLure ofthe o ihni Akd.Nho scfls s tlrhjellam and PjsidDt fthis Urkh msque fumu,'l5 es8 of nd|ens Amcnnandh onemaion teteo to of was wel|reived dt ommuit in irokln, Ney Yrk slaleent*'hih hd en p|tprcdy r, ]rahimKun!|ui' rvho srycss mmer the rd|Dr.el|the nosqu,as rvllas l vie Prsjdnt ofdre ukh.Arri drtin' notloeivo did tho verag ol rajolmdi h itinu]ng lslfr]ldes rpt nt]
be. .J| ci " , o d.' Jf | \4 |' ", \lt |' o ',|, ' I

r09

'rrulh d(T0|d dtd 1ahji

of 1oth da:.Whr theodmnrio theMsli]nomuniland its ouniLhsuli!revald o hc ulk Amerian our dn1s ul ll le nNs rdta d snio emhati|L sjnrcl, Ag thurks r voie,ho*'nlhAmriaLl]i i|rfomrd.] dslac' thright|0]| nteile thRgnilion ailhful o|Lhervond,s Wi|ethereliginofov ]'000.00.00 'anoe ,vi1...faliJ|.. .viol1'. !s ws ingdcsrid avikd,. lh lI !j|c acations, rkh Repu]i\ras ih on| red! th wlrisuPitd Undstrtsnr ns dersron naln us|in1nlj lddnssol t]t alian ad l lo ontnru mj.of th l dulin t]rmnlhlIloL Rlrnada(/l,n?a:,,' tortforos, Queda nd htoljl lh ]ndof r} !n.r*raL.ultuJ]' i urkish),hrded. the thc egini5. Rl|]l.!rky.oeaeli dld not.elve r. h on]litin Afghinanoldlngl lhc gnitinshe dsns, wilj cnd i lhe elr fuiD|'h olii.n f ]lins ilit,ry rts. urklr rvhivill tonstrur e d!$atedunt!' wil| ilr]Ude miljtaryfresi Iestolal]mnnin le la ad seu.t} .1'lh v hu!ffon i|rthis aUlE plrdmus l |osad!s I nr oR hv cm1oreogajz own frfta|ilr,I raGod will a|low durjagt|] nDd Phsofmy hle ivy sinele nr \]ork to ctinu wa.1 a!e jn{il1cdi|rtheherils l ohaseen$tvcn i a s1!1l M ALL oles nc |r omPa$inxnd lhroJ, affiliahn tlr |n. $iLl n Assialnjns. nh th I,cdmlin fn|klr A1rin aE, Presidt gemen \'ilh ils inumt 1inuc k lsoiatio i and tir|ess ladro1.thukis^f,|inomfi! oun.rilliat. acoml'slrnro(! nit e hsdtinguihdhinsclf ! ng mothe servineas th inrIptr|r forPlesjdlWilliar J |nnD. lh ln durn h sehf|!the rkis|rt,I|imer ddit]n, dy. ]nr intIDreter ni ug an hs a sed as th sinru|llnols to lJlm. nn, f tesecrtary slal,lin Pwc|l'o gem.10 yonngulish br.nr an'l Giiler K6kar'lnd lh othrounlIess to I m o].LovL to my man! onlmor!eithos sistrs' Lov 1g genllemn Nho vcl$rd so rnuhtor tiru*rsh l ]dis d lsad o.Lov' o m lmily d t.0r fure,l ]a! lee)' ]ny 1g oli-ov m plrn, No gave I thirhi|drcn. Lale t|rcils to l urkislrel'I j0 the (1nh!n) eratfuL

t!0

Armir ^llegrtont - h. Trlth rU* o|d y Edmrd Thjl

Lov, And !o he.m lvdwif. 1/,my so of pe d jy' I ]v her my t.mI mmoli6 ofl-ov, In all lhe pagsofl
ool,I lal \ou.lh Redde|. noq ino1J, ol i \ oo5i !

li. in nylngng: GoD.s INIINI Lov.

2tL

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2tl

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doNn'i llentntcitit i'' Aikx'r l D.kcr')

214

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lh origil| l dotrml nnnnl n eiil Ak.u.kcv] in

r's r!1e o oJdt'rd' sIqtft 6i11h

215

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d\'afl trod. a0d aslin. o il sqrik6i|..i'fkt:an.i4Nafd.s f'tlI'snr 6i'*ji lbo'ni'' .0' rktl.

|n '|i8| 1i'ezul lc| h|| .6 1Dnh| fulnl hul|!, lhis hl| h. |.lkl lik: dan|i lIna lJirL

216

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