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  • Cargo Calculations for Liquids

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    Anantheesh Iyer
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    This document provides instructions for calculating cargo amounts and volumes for chemical tankers. It describes: 1) How to convert between Celsius and Fahrenheit temperatures. 2) How to calculate standard and observed volumes based on temperature corrections. 3) The process of using cargo temperature, API gravity, and density tables to calculate cargo amounts in metric tons. 4) Guidelines for maximum filling ratios to prevent cargo overflow during temperature changes. 5) The importance of using consistent measurement methods between load and discharge ports.

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    Cargo Calculations

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    This document provides instructions for calculating cargo amounts and volumes for chemical tankers. It describes: 1) How to convert between Celsius and Fahrenheit temperatures. 2) How to calculate standard and observed volumes based on temperature corrections. 3) The process of using cargo temperature, API gravity, and density tables to calculate cargo amounts in metric tons. 4) Guidelines for maximum filling ratios to prevent cargo overflow during temperature changes. 5) The importance of using consistent measurement methods between load and discharge ports.

    Copyright:

    Attribution Non-Commercial (BY-NC)
    Download as PDF, TXT or read online from Scribd
    Flag for inappropriate content
    5K views1 page

    Cargo Calculations for Liquids

    Uploaded by

    Anantheesh Iyer
    This document provides instructions for calculating cargo amounts and volumes for chemical tankers. It describes: 1) How to convert between Celsius and Fahrenheit temperatures. 2) How to calculate standard and observed volumes based on temperature corrections. 3) The process of using cargo temperature, API gravity, and density tables to calculate cargo amounts in metric tons. 4) Guidelines for maximum filling ratios to prevent cargo overflow during temperature changes. 5) The importance of using consistent measurement methods between load and discharge ports.

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    CARGO CALCULATIONS

    SG of a liquid = weight of given volume of liquid/ weight of same volume of FW API= 141.5/ SG AT 60 DEG F MINUS 131.5 To convert Centigrade to Farenheit : 9/5 X C + 32 To convert Farenheit to Centigrade : F-32 X 5/9 1 CuM at 15 deg C = 6.2898 Barrels Long ton = M Ton/ 1.01605 ( Metric ton is greater than Long ton ) TOV ( Total observed volume at obs temperature ) Minus free watergives GOV ( gross observed volume at obs temperature ) Convert to --GSV ( gross standard volume at 15 deg C) Minus OBQgives NOV ( net observed volume at obs temp ) Convert to NSV ( net standard volume at 15 deg C ) Cargo calculations: Given API and temp Enter API in table 3 ------to get density at 15 deg C Enter density at 15C & obs temp in C in table 54 ------to get VRF Density in vacuum at 15C minus 0.0011 gives WRF ( or you can consult table 58 in kg/ litre ) VRF X WRF = factor CUM at obs temp X factor= M tons CUM at obs temp X VRF = CUM at 15 deg C Use table 3 to convert API at 60F to density at 15 C Use table 53 to convert density at obs temp in C to density at 15 C. Note: Table 53B/ 54B is for products and 54D/ 54D is for Lub oils For VCF use 54 B against density at obs temp C For VCF use 6 B against API at Obs F 54 A is for crude and 54 D is for lubes Usual cargo calculation on chemical tankers involve multiplying the density- temperature- coefficientfactor with the temp difference ( observed / standard ) . this density correction is added or subtracted as required. Density reduces when temperature increases and vice versa. Maximum filling ratio: EMS SPORE ships should not be loaded >98% unless the Chemical operator gives permission. This does not mean that the tanks can be filled to 98%. Some cargoes have a very high coefficient of expansion . Let us take the example of a cargo of n Pentane from Le Havre to Houston. If the load port cargo temp is 10 deg C and the voyage max cargo temperature is expected to be 35 deg C, then 98% fill will overflow during the voyage. Use the formula Max filling ratio %= 100(1- 0.0012 ( 35-10)- 2= 95% n-Pentane coeff of expansion is 0.001215 here to maintain a safety margin of 2% at all times during the voyage the tanks must be kept at 95% full. Do not disconnect the cargo hoses till the cargo calculations are over. Cargo measurement at disport must be calculated in the same method as in the loadport. This is because the load port can sometime use the unsuitable ASTM mineral oil method say for Ethanol which will inflate the cargo--the cargo. A protest letter must be made in this case and charterer informed. On long voyages carrying volatile product, the ship can be hit by ocean evaporation loss claims.

    -------CAPT AJIT VADAKAYIL

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