THE NATURE AND ROLE OF INDIVIDUAL AND GROUP BEHAVIOR INDIVIDUAL BEHAVIOR - refers to how individual behaves at work

place, his behavior is influenced by his attitude, personality, perception, learning and motivating MARS model of individual behavior - a model that seeks to explain individual behavior as a result of internal and external factors or influences acting together Motivation is generally defined as the driving force behind our actions, fuelled by our desire for something. It is that internal strength that gets us to move, and take action, to whatever goal or end we desire or plan to achieve Ability Aptitude Intelligence Skill Role perceptions - concerns the perception of roles and how this alters peoples behavior Situational factor - any factor, such as an environmental factor or the equipment a person is using, which contributes to the set of conditions to which a person acts or reacts GROUP BEHAVIOR - refers to the situations where people interact in large or small groups Special forms of large group behaviour crowd "hysteria spectators public Group behavior increases chances of the following: hunting living travelling gathering More efficient and productive when done as a group What is nature and role of individual and group behavior? Biologically, individual and group behavior makes sense, and a large portion of psychological and behavioural phenomena are biological

CULTURE AND SOCIETY CULTURE - the cultivation of individuals through the agency of external forms which have been objectified in the course of history" - consists of the beliefs, behaviours, objects, and other characteristics common to the members of a particular group or society Cultural Societal Aspects customs language values norms mores rules tools technologies Products organizations institutions - clusters of rules and cultural meanings associated with specific social activities, Common institutions are the family, education, religion, work, and health care Cultural Sociology"reinvented" -as a product of the "cultural turn" of the 1960s, which ushered in structuralist and postmodern approaches to social science Cultural Change - belief that culture is symbolically coded and can thus is taught from one person to another Causes of cultural change Environment Contact with other cultures Inventions SOCIETY a group of people related to each other through persistent relations, or a large social grouping sharing the same geographical or virtual territory, subject to the same political authority and dominant cultural expectations as the people who interact in such a way as to share a common culture also have a geographic meaning and refer to people who share a common culture in a particular location