Data Communications and Networking

UBAiD-2010-EE-403

LAB # 1

Overview of computer networking

Object:To understand the basic concept of computer network and its type also describe briefly overview of OSI layers.

Theory
computer networking:a computer network, often simply referred to as a network, is a collection of hardware components and computers interconnected by communication channels that allow sharing of resources and information

PC 1

PC2

Networks may be classified according to wide variety of characteristic such as the medium use to transport the data, communication protocol used, scale topology and organizations scope.

Network Type:Computer network manly consist of three types.

LAN
A local network (LAN) supplies networking capability to a group of computer in class proximity to each other such as in office building, a school or a home. A LAN is useful for sharing resources like files, printers, game or other applications. Example:the most common type of local area network is a Ethernet LAN. The smaller home LAN can have exactly two computers; a large LAN can accommodate many thousands of computers.

WAN
A WAN span, a large geographic area, such as a state, province or country. WANs often connect multiple smaller networks, such as local area network (LANs) or metro area network (MANs). Example:the worlds most popular WAN is internet. Some segment of the internet like VPN based extranets are also WANs in themselves finally, man WANs are corporate or research networks that utilized leased lines. WANs generally utilize different and much more expensive network

Data Communications and Networking

UBAiD-2010-EE-403

equipments than do LANs.

Key Technologies:Key technologies often found in WANs include SONET, Frame Relay & ATM.

MAN
A metropolitan area network (MAN) is a net work that interconnects user with computer resources in a geo graphical area or region layer than that covered by even a larger than that covers by LAN but smaller than the area covered by a wide area network (WAN). Example:Examples of metropolitan area networks of various size can be found in the MAN of London, England and Lodz, Poland and Geneva, Switzerland and large universities also sometimes use the term to describe their network are recent trend to the installation of wireless MANs.

Overview of OSI Model:The OSI, or open system interconnections moodily defines a networking frames work. For implementing layer in one station and proceeding to the bottom layer over the channels to the next station and back up the hierarchy.

Application layer:this layer support application and end process communication, pertness are classified, user authentication and privacy are considered and any constraints on data syntax are identified everything at the layer is application service for file and transfer email and other networker software service. Talent of FTP is applications that exist entirely in the application level. Tired application architectures are part of these layers.