A Change Over with Cloud Computing & Mobile Multimedia

Er. Amit Joshi

Department of Computer Science & Engineering, Pacific University (PAHER) Pacific Hills Udaipur (Rajasthan), India
amitjoshiudr@gmail.com Abstract Cloud Computing, the long-held dream of computing as a utility, has the potential to transform a large part of the IT industry, making software even more attractive as a service. Cloud Computing refers to both the applications delivered as services over the Internet and the hardware and systems software in the data centres that provide those services. The services are referred to as Software as a Service (SaaS). Cloud Computing also provides two more types of services i.e. Infrastructure as a Service (IaaS), Platform as a Service (PaaS). With the significant advances in Information and communications Technology (ICT) over the last half century, there is an increasingly perceived vision that computing will one day be the 5th utility (after water, electricity, gas, and telephony).

Clouds do not have a clear and complete definition in the literature yet, which is an important task that will help to determine the areas of research and explore new application domains for the usage of the Clouds. To understand Cloud computing clearly, the main available definitions are extracted from the literature (shown in Table 1) have been analyzed and taken together to actually understand what the actual meaning of Cloud Computing is.
TABLE I VARIOUS DEFINITIONS OF CLOUD COMPUTING

The paper reviews and explores the actual meaning of Cloud Computing, also demonstrates a dissection of the cloud Computing into three main layers, and illustrates their interrelations as well as their inter-dependency on preceding technologies. The paper also highlights and discusses the drastic change which Cloud Computing has brought and describes its impact on IT Industry.
Keywords Cloud computing, ICT, SaaS, PaaS, IaaS.

INTRODUCTION Cloud computing a relatively recent term, builds on decades of research in virtualization, distributed computing, utility computing, and more recently networking, web and software services. Cloud Computing is a more recent and latest version of Grid Computing. It implies a service oriented architecture, reduced information technology overhead for the end-user, great flexibility, reduced total cost of ownership, ondemand services and many other things [1]. Cloud Computing, the long-held dream of computing as a utility, has the potential to transform a large part of the IT industry, making software even more attractive as a service and shaping the way for designing IT hardware. Cloud Computing can be considered now as a Pay and Use service. More you Pay, more services you get. It has become the 5 essential utility (after water, electricity, gas, and telephony). With its growing features and demands the day is not far when the world would become the slave of Cloud Computing. The speed with which the clouds are forming and Multiplying strongly suggests that cloud computing will not only meet many of the needs of enterprise computing as we have come to know it, but also could form the digital platform for a shaping strategy guiding next generation enterprises in their migration to and participation in such ecosystems.

FEATURES OF CLOUD COMPUTING DEFINING CLOUD COMPUTING Cloud provides the resources which are on demand as there is isolation so no need to actual sharing.

It is heterogeneous in nature. It adds the virtualization to the data and hardware resources too. It deals with end user security. Up-to-date Clouds are operated by single companies, but we Envision federated Clouds facing similar problems as grids [13], [14]. Clouds are easily usable hiding the deployment details from the user [15], [16]. Cloud users are usually billed using a pay per-use model. More advanced payment models and SLA enforcement in a federated Cloud are just starting to be explored that will tear down one of the barriers to moving traditional applications to the Cloud: the loss of cost control [17]. Clouds are also provides limited set of features exposed (i.e. they present a higher abstraction level to the user). For instance, the Simple Storage Service by Amazon can be regarded as a limited data Grid when compared to the CERN data Grid [18]. LAYERS OF CLOUD COMPUTING

is fierce as the market is nascent and big international names like Microsoft, IBM have dedicated resources as well. Support from the government to get basic infrastructure (cheaper and faster Internet) in place will go a long way in ensuring Indias IT prominence [20]. The Cloud Computing players of India are shown in Table II. In year 2010 Microsoft and HP got into a strategic partnership to provide businesses with end-to-end cloud solutions. 2010 has also been dubbed as the Year of the Cloud.
TABLE III PLAYERS OF CLOUD COMPUTING IN INDIA

The cloud of clouds has three distinct layers. The outer one, called software as a service (SaaS), includes web-based applications such as Gmail, Googles e-mail service, and Salesforce.com, which helps firms keep track of their customers. This layer is by far the easiest to gauge. Many SaaS firms have been around for some time and only offer such services. In a new study Forrester Research, a consultancy, estimates that these services generated sales of $11.7 billion in 2010. Going one level deeper, there is platform as a service (PaaS), which means an operating system living in the cloud. Such services allow developers to write applications for the web and mobile devices. Offered by Google, Salesforce.com and Microsoft, this market is also fairly easy to measure, since there are only a few providers and their offerings have not really taken off yet. The most interesting layerthe only one that really deserves to be called cloud computing is infrastructure as a service (IaaS). IaaS offers basic computing services, from number crunching to data storage, which customers can combine to build highly adaptable computer systems. The market leaders are GoGrid, Rackspace and Amazon Web Services, the computing arm of the online retailer, which made headlines for kicking WikiLeaks off its servers recently. This layer is the hardest to measure. It is growing rapidly and firms do not report revenue numbers; nor are they very forthcoming with information, arguing unconvincingly that this would help their competitors. Amazon, for instance, only reveals that it now stores more than 200 billion digital objects and has to fulfill nearly 200,000 requests for them per secondimpressive numbers but not very useful ones (an object can be a small file or an entire movie). Rackspace operates nearly 64,000 servers globally, but notes that only some are used for IaaS [19]. V. CLOUD COMPUTING PLAYERS IN INDIA As a key player in the IT field, India is poised to be a Billion Dollar market in the next 5 years according to a study by an IT infrastructure firm. The study claims that this growth will be driven by the rapid increase in data such as text and media moving online. Some numbers shared in the study are quite interesting, it is expected that information stored online will reach a staggering 2.3 million petabytes (from 40,000 petabytes.)Indias top IT firms, Infosys, TCS, Wipro and Tech Mahindra have cloud projects to their names. The competition

VI. FIGURES FOR CLOUD COMPUTING IN INDIA Gartner estimated that SaaS market in India was US$27 million in 2007. According to a study by Springboard Research, the Indian SaaS market would experience a CAGR compound annual growth rate) of 77% during 2006-2010 and will reach US$165 million in 2010 [21]. In September 2008, IBM opened a cloud centre in Bangalore, which targets midmarket vendors, universities, government bodies and microfinance and telecommunications companies [22]. Indian universities are banking on the cloud to develop innovative research and education activities. The Indian Institute of Technology (IIT), Kanpur and other academic institutions use the cloud [23], [24]. In July 2009, VMware opened a cloud centre in Pune. Likewise, the U.S. Company, Parallels announced a plan to establish cloud operations in India [25]. In November 2009, Microsoft India announced commercial availability of cloud services such as e-mail, collaboration, conferencing and productivity starting US$2 per user per month [26]. These services are mainly targeted to SMEs. The SaaS vendor, Salesforce.com, which started its operations in 2005, is focusing on cities such as Bangalore, Gurgaon and Mumbai and is taking measures to create cloud awareness. Salesforce.com clients include big companies such as Bharti AXA General Insurance, eBay India, Sify Technologies, Polaris Software Labs, Lodha Group, Servion, Maytas Properties, HCL, Sasken Communication Technologies, Ocimum Biosolutions, and state owned National Research Development Corporation (NRDC) [27]. The Indian off shoring industry is probably the prime example of an industry that is likely to feel the impact of cloud computing. The demand for cloud related services is especially high in the off shoring industry and technology hubs such as Bangalore and Delhi [28]. According to a study by Indias National Association of Software and Services Companies (NASSCOM) and Mckinsey, remote infrastructure management will be a US$15 billion industry in India by 2013 [29]. VII. MOBILE CLOUD COMPUTING

When cloud computing is implemented on a Mobile environment or handset, this type of Cloud Computing can be considered as Mobile cloud Computing. Since graphics images, audios, high definition videos and text is a part of Multimedia they are needed to be implemented on a mobile cloud and the database used for handling multimedia in mobile is MMD ( Mobile Multimedia Database). The Major issue with Mobile multimedia is security of data in multimedia applications which is enhanced in Mobile Cloud Computing. Mobile Cloud can be implemented through SaaS ( Software as a Service), PaaS ( platform as a Service). Assumption of ABI Research is that around 1 billion end users would be connected to Mobile Cloud by 2014. A new terminology Mobile cloud phones would come into existence with the popularity of Mobile cloud [30]. VII. IMPACT OF CLOUD COMPUTING The Cloud has become the way that people live now. It has become the part and way of life. If an example of Facebook is taken about 500 million people today keep their photo albums in the Cloud. Over 87,000 companies in the world use the Cloud. Some of them are tiny little start-ups, others are some of the largest organizations in the world. Dell, for instance has deployed our collaboration tool across 100,000 employees in recent days. Accordingly, it could be said that Cloud computing means, the technology being used at the other end is invisible and irrelevant as far as the customer's concerned. The Cloud is not about technology, it is the abstraction of technology for delivering pure services. The Cloud has finally led to the civilization of services because, in the case of Cloud computing, what you pay for is what you get [31]. VIII. CONCLUSION Cloud computing is the next big wave in computing. It has many benefits, such as better hardware management, since all the computers are the same and run the same hardware. It also provides for better and easier management of data security, since all the data is located on a central server, so administrators can control who has and doesn't have access to the files. Cloud computing infrastructures are next generation platforms that can provide tremendous value to companies of any size. They can help companies achieve more efficient use of their IT hardware and software investments and provide a means to accelerate the adoption of innovations. Cloud Computing increases profitability by improving the resource utilization. Costs are driven down by delivering appropriate resources only for the time those resources are needed. The paper concludes that Cloud Computing would become 5th Utility in the coming years. The impact of Cloud Computing on IT Sector could be considered a success. REFERENCES
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