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Code No: R05422108

SET-1

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, HYDERABAD R05 IV B.Tech. II Semester Regular Exams, April/May 2009 BOUNDARY LAYER THEORY (AERONOTICAL ENGINEERING) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks.80 Answer any Five questions All questions carry equal marks --1. 2. 3. 4. Describe the basic laws of fluid flow. Derive the expression for the displacement and momentum thicknesses. Describe the relationship between stress and strain rate system in liquids. [16] [16] [16]

Derive the expressions for the radial and tangential velocity components near a rotating disc. [16] Write down Navier-Stokes equations in vector form. Hence make use of these equations in developing Prandtl's boundary layer equations stating all the assumptions. u Given the velocity profile in laminar boundary layer as = 6 2 8 3 + 3 4 where U y = . Determine the displacement thickness and momentum thickness of the boundary

5.a) b)

layer. 6.

Consider a flat plate at zero angle of attack in an air flow at standard sea level conditions ( = 1.01105 pascals, T = 288K ). The chord length of the plate (distance from leading edge to trailing edge) is 3cm. The plan form area of the plate is 60m2. At standard sea level conditions, = 1.7894 105 kg / ( m )( s ) . Assume the wall temperature is the
adiabatic wall temperature Taw. Calculate the friction drag on the plate when the free stream velocity is 500 m/s. [16]

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[16]

7.

Explain the following properties of Turbulent flows: a) Randomness b) Kinetic Energy c) Reynolds stresses d) Dissipation.

[16]

8.

Elaborate turbulent boundary layer profiles for various pressure gradients with a single u y and . Explain difference between curves for strongly favorable and strongly plot of Ue adverse pressure gradients. [16]

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Code No: R05422108

SET-2

1. 2.a) b)

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, HYDERABAD R05 IV B.Tech. II Semester Regular Exams, April/May 2009 BOUNDARY LAYER THEORY (AERONOTICAL ENGINEERING) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks.80 Answer any Five questions All questions carry equal marks --Describe the basic laws of fluid flow as applied to a control volume. [16]
Derive the expression for momentum thickness in a viscous flow. A rectangular wing of 20 m span and 3m chord is flying at 100 m/s. Find the momentum thickness at the trailing edge. [8+8] Describe Horkis law in detail.

3. 4. 5.a)

Derive the expression for the radial velocity of fluid near a rotating disc.

b)

Making use of the vector and Cartesian forms of the Navier-Stokes equations, develop Prandtl's BL equations for laminar flow over an object. State clearly all assumptions involved. Show the formation of boundary layer on a circular cylinder. Illustrate it with sketches in full details. [8+8] Derive the boundary layer equation u u dU 2u + =U + 2 dx x y y and f + 1 ff + 2 3 f 12 = 0 By considering 1 = 1 , discuss the flow in a convergent channel (sink flow)

6.

7.a) b)

Explain mean values and fluctuations of velocity components in turbulent boundary layers with illustrations. What is understood by the terms laminar viscosity and turbulent viscosity? Explain with an example each. [8+8] Explain various turbulent boundary layer profiles for plot of

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[16] [16]

[16]

8.

p p p < 0, = 0, > 0 on a single x x x

u y and . Explain the variations of these curves between curves for strongly Ue favorable and strongly adverse pressure gradients. [16]

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Code No: R05422108

SET-3

1. 2.a) b)

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, HYDERABAD R05 IV B.Tech. II Semester Regular Exams, April/May 2009 BOUNDARY LAYER THEORY (AERONOTICAL ENGINEERING) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks.80 Answer any Five questions All questions carry equal marks --Derive the continuity and momentum equation. [16]
Derive the expression for energy thickness in a two dimensional viscous flow. A rectangular wing of 10m span and 2m chord is flying at 200 km/hr. Find the energy thickness at the trailing edge. [8+8] Derive the Navier-strokes equation in x-direction.

3. 4.

Derive the expression for the fluid flow between two plates, one stationary and the other sudden by accelerated. Explain how it differs from the flow between two stationary plane walls. [16] Define * and . Explain their physical significance. Hence obtain the momentum d 1 dU + ( 2 + * ) = 0 2 . How much is this useful in integral equation in the form dx U dx U
aerodynamics? Can you obtain an expression for

5.

6.

Derive the boundary layer equation u u dU 2u + =U + 2 dx x y y and hence derive the ordinary differential equation f + 1 ff + 2 3 f 12 = 0 By considering 1 = 1 , discuss the wedge flows.

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[16]

0 along a flat plate from above? U 2


[16]

[16]

7.a) b)

Describe Prandtl's mixing length theory, in some details. What are its merits over Boussinesq's theory? Explain the three regions of turbulent boundary layer over a solid wall. Make use of detailed sketches to bring home your points. [8+8] Explain the terms: i) mean flow and ii) fluctuating flow in a turbulent flow. Define the terms: i) Reynolds stress and ii) Friction velocity. How can you relate the two?

8.a)

b)

[8+8]

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Code No: R05422108

SET-4

JAWAHARLAL NEHRU TECHNOLOGY UNIVERSITY, HYDERABAD R05 IV B.Tech. II Semester Regular Exams, April/May 2009 BOUNDARY LAYER THEORY (AERONOTICAL ENGINEERING) Time: 3 hours Max. Marks.80 Answer any Five questions All questions carry equal marks --1. 2. 3. 4. Derive the energy equation. State and explain Hooke's law and stroke's hypothesis. Derive the Navier-Strokes equation in y direction. [16] [16] [16]

Compare Hager-Poiseulle flow through a circular pipe with conette flow between straight plane walls. [16] given the velocity profile in a laminar boundary layer as

5.

, being boundary layer thickness. Calculate the displacement thickness and

momentum thickness of the boundary layer. 6.

Starting from the boundary layer equations, u u dU 2u u + and + =0 =U + 2 dx x y x y y derive the ordinary differential equation f + 1 ff + 2 3 f 12 = 0

7.a) b)

Describe von Karman's similarity hypothesis. What improvement it makes upon the mixing length theory of Prandtl? Describe in some details the structure of flow in turbulent boundary layer on a flat plate. Explain how is this represented in the form of a plot for its depiction. [8+8] Define the friction velocity in a turbulent boundary layer. How does it bear a relation with turbulent shearing stress. Hence explain its use in the inner layer of a turbulent boundary layer on a flat plate. Draw fully developed pipe flow profile in a laminar and turbulent flows. Define the term "turbulent quantity" in a viscous flow and its relevance in the transition from laminar to turbulent flow in a circular pipe. [8+4+4] x-x-x

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u = 2 2 3 + 4 4 , where V

D L

[16]

[16]

8.a)

b) c)

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