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AIM
a. Computer terminology - CPU, ALU, IC and control unit - Software and hardware - Bit and byte - Memory devices such as RAM, ROM, PROM b. Computer technology in aircraft systems
AIRPLANE COMPUTER
What computer can do :
To detect fault To monitor aircraft performance To help pilot do their work Aircraft does not overstress through excessive control Aircraft can be operate efficiently
DEFINITION
Electronic device Accept and process data by carrying out of set of store instructions in sequence. Using mathematical and logic operation is know as PROGRAM.
DIGITAL COMPUTER
INPUT
CPU / PROCESSOR
OUTPUT
INPUT DEVICE
Keyboard Keypad Pointing Devices Touch pad Mouse Joysticks Paddle Microphone
OUTPUT DEVICE
CRT monitor (cathod ray tube) LCD monitor (liquid crystal display) LED monitor (light emiting diode) Sound Output Light Aircraft Control Surface Printer
HARDWARE
Physical parts of a computer. Internal hardware device include motherboards, Hard drives and graphic card, RAM, etc. External hardware devices include monitors, keyboards, mouse, printers, etc. Internal hardware called components, external hardware devices called peripherals.
SOFTWARE
Software cannot be touch Provides the instructions to hardware or serve as input to another software. Can be programs, procedures, algorithms and its documentation. Binary number as a language. Type of software : System software & Application software
CPU/PROCESSORS
Brain of computer To process data Microprocessor is a central processing unit (CPU) that fits on one microchip. Fabricated by silicon. Small zap of high voltage current (static electricity) can destroy the chip.
COMPUTER
CONTROL
ARITHMETIC
INPUT
MEMORY
OUTPUT
CONTROL UNIT
Responsible for overall action of computer to perform correct sequence and at the right time. Determine by software. Will control the timing and electronic switching throughout the computer by clock (synchronous operation).
REGISTER
Temporary storage units within CPU. Can store data or program information. Store limit amount of temporary basis.
BUSES
As a medium for transfer data from one part to other part of computer. Computer highway use large number of parallel connected wires. 3 type of buses which is data bus, address bus and control bus. - Control bus : medium for communicating - Address bus : carry information - Data Bus : Carry actual data being process
Control bus : medium for communicating Address bus : carry information Data Bus : Carry actual data being process
ADDRESS BUS
I/P
INPUT/OUTPUT UNIT
O/P
MEMORY
CONTROL BUS
DATA BUS
MEMORY
Physical devices used to store information which is instructions and data. Using binary digit. Can store data temporary and permanently.
VOLATILE MEMORY
Lost data when power off. Volatile memory requires power to maintain the stored information.
NON-VOLATILE MEMORY
Permanent store Non-volatile computer memory that can retain the stored information even when not powered.
PERMANENT STORAGE
ROM : Read Only Memory - Use to store permanent data (FIRMWARE) - Cannot be reprogram or change the data - Eg : PROM( for BIOS), CD-ROM EPROM : Erasable Program Read Only Memory - Can erase by expose in strong UV light in 10min - Use by military EAROM : Electrical Altered Read Only Memory - Combine non-volatility of ROM with electrically alterable of RAM. Considered non volatile RAM. Flash Memories - Eg : Hard Disc, Thumb drive
TEMPERORY STORAGE
RAM : Random Access Memory
Primary Memory (fast but limited capacity) takes the form of integrated circuits Allow data to be read quickly Used to run programs. Eg : SRAM, DRAM, DDR RAM etc
MEMORY APPLICATION
When opening Operating System
POWER ON
LOAD BIOS CPU LOAD OS
MICROPROCESSOR
central processing part of a computer contained within an IC. small, lightweight, and relatively cheap when compared to any CPU Use for simple application Can incorporate all the elements of a total computing system: I/O, ROM, RAM and CPU
ELEMENTARY MICROCOMPUTER
INPUT/ OUTPUT PORTS ROM
OUTPUT INPUT
MICROPROCESSOR (CPU)
COMPUTER HIGHWAY
RAM
A D
FROM CONTROL
TO STORE
TO CONTROL
COMPUTER INPUT
ALPHANUMERIC KEYPAD
PERF
1 4 7
2 5 8 0
3 6 9
FUEL DATA
FIX
START
ENG OUT SPEC F-PLN
A
H O V
B
I P W
C
J Q X
D
K R Y
E
L S Z
F
M T /
G
N U