MATA KULIAH DIBUAT TAHUN STASTUS PERBAIKAN TAHUN PERBAIKAN DOSEN

: PSIKOLOGI PERKEMBANGAN I : 2012 : BARU : --: MARIA, M.PSI

PK-FP-02-08

Cognitive Development during The First Three Years

1. Behaviorist Approach Basic mechanics of learning (how behavior changes in response to experience) Classical Conditioning Operant Conditioning (using in learning about memory). 2. Psychometric Approach 3. Piagetian Approach 4. Information Processing Approach 5. Cognitive Neuroscience Approach 6. Social-contextual Approach

2012 by maria.mpsi@yahoo.com

Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Tarumanagara (www.psikologi.tarumanagara.ac.id)

Cognitive Development during The First Three Years

1. Behaviorist Approach 2. Psychometric Approach Seeks to measure intelligence quantitatively (intelligent behavior is goal oriented and adaptive). Developmental Testing (Bayley Scales of Infant and Toddler Development ) Scores called Developmental Quotients (DQs) Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment (HOME) Intelligence Testing (Standford Binet) 3. Piagetian Approach 4. Information Processing Approach 5. Cognitive Neuroscience Approach 6. Social-contextual Approach
2012 by maria.mpsi@yahoo.com Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Tarumanagara (www.psikologi.tarumanagara.ac.id)

Cognitive Development during The First Three Years

1. Behaviorist Approach 2. Psychometric Approach 3. Piagetian Approach : The Sensorimotor Stage, the substage are:
a) b) c) d) e) f) Birth 1 month 1 4 months 4 8 months 8 12 months 12 18 months 18 24 months : Use of reflexes : Primary circular reactions : Secondary circular reactions : Coordination of secondary schemes Invisible immitation : Tertiary circular reactions : Mental combinations
immitation, symbolic, categorization, number

4. Information Processing Approach 5. Cognitive Neuroscience Approach 6. Social-contextual Approach

2012 by maria.mpsi@yahoo.com Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Tarumanagara (www.psikologi.tarumanagara.ac.id)

Cognitive Development during The First Three Years

1. Behaviorist Approach 2. Psychometric Approach 3. Piagetian Approach 4. Information Processing Approach: Perceptions & Representations
Analyzes processes involved in perceiving and handling information Habituation (pembiasaan) & dishabituation Visual Preference Visual recognition memory Cross modal transfer Attention Information processing predictor of intelligence

5. Cognitive Neuroscience Approach 6. Social-contextual Approach

2012 by maria.mpsi@yahoo.com Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Tarumanagara (www.psikologi.tarumanagara.ac.id)

Cognitive Development during The First Three Years

1. Behaviorist Approach 2. Psychometric Approach 3. Piagetian Approach 4. Information Processing Approach 5. Cognitive Neuroscience Approach Links brain processes with cognitive ones.
Explicit memory/ declarative memory intentional & conscious Implicit memory/ procedural memory unconscious Working memory (emerges between 6-12 month age)

6. Social-contextual Approach: Learning from interactions with Caregivers

Focuses on environmental influences
2012 by maria.mpsi@yahoo.com Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Tarumanagara (www.psikologi.tarumanagara.ac.id)

Cognitive Development during The First Three Years

Language: communication system based on words and grammar Language milestones (Bates, dkk) Table 5-4 page 161 Prelinguistic speech Early vocalization: crying, cooing (6 weeks 3 months), babbling (6-10 months), imitation (9 to 10 month infant deliberately imitating sounds without understanding them) Perceiving language sounds and structure Gestures Linguistic speech First words (10 & 14 months; naming explosion: 16 & 24 months) First sentences (18-24 m; 20-30 m: syntax; 3 y = well developed)
2012 by maria.mpsi@yahoo.com Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Tarumanagara (www.psikologi.tarumanagara.ac.id)

Cognitive Development during The First Three Years Brain Development Social Interaction: The Role of Parents and Caregivers o Prelinguistic Periods o Vocabulary Development Code mixing & Code switching Child Directed Speech
Preparing for literacy (writing and reading): The benefits of reading aloud

2012 by maria.mpsi@yahoo.com

Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Tarumanagara (www.psikologi.tarumanagara.ac.id)

Cognitive Development during The First Three Years

Sifat : Individual/kelompok Buatlah tabel perilaku sehari-hari yang menunjukkan perkembangan kognitif anak usia 0-3 tahun berdasarkan paparan teori di buku sumber. Format Tabel & Contoh:
No 1. 2 Usia Perilaku Pendekatan Istilah Use of Reflexes (1st substage of Piagets sensorimotor stage) Menghisap jempol Piagetian lahir 1 bulan Menangis ketika ada benda jatuh

Bates Language Prelinguistic Speech Milestones

Usia harus berurutan. Perilaku harus merupakan perilaku yang banyak dijumpai pada anak-anak di Indonesia Pendekatan dan istilah (minimal 15 istilah) menunjukkan bahwa perilaku yang Anda kemukakan, sesuai dengan teori yang Anda pelajari.
Fakultas Psikologi Universitas Tarumanagara (www.psikologi.tarumanagara.ac.id)

2012 by maria.mpsi@yahoo.com