PRACTICAS DE INSPECCION VISUAL

Introduccin
Revisar Slides - Introduccin

Revisar AWS B1.10, B1.11, y manual de Inspeccin Visual

de Soldadura VIW Examinar Muestras de Metal de Soldadura

Revisar Parte B de Especificaciones

Revisar Rplicas de Soldadura Practicar el uso de Herramientas de Medicin Manual

Practicar Ejercicios y Revisin

Practicar Examen y Revisin

 Inspeccin Visual es el elemento Bsico de cualquier Sistema de Control de Calidad. Sin embargo, debe ser hecha por personal entrenado

Se ha mostrado repetidamente que un programa efectivo de

Inspeccin Visual (VT), conducido por personal entrenado

adecuadamente resultar en el descubrimiento de la mayora de aquellos defectos los cuales podran ser descubiertos de

otra forma y ms tarde por algn mtodo de pruebas no

destructivas ms caras

Puesto que la VT est limitada a lo visible, solamente las superficies externas, se debe reconocer que las superficies externas del componente most often ver los

altos esfuerzos en servicio y son, la mayora de las veces

las partes ms crticas de los componentes.

VT es Muy Efectiva en costo . Relativamente de ejecutar

Equipo Requerido Mnimo

Problemas para encontrar como ocurren Reparaciones temprana fciles Encontrar como ocurre de forma temprana a una

fcil reparacin de cumplimiento

Found As They Occur Early Repairs Easier To Accomplish

Para Inspeccin de Soldadura, VT Debe ser Aplicada:

Antes de Soldadura
Durante Soldadura Despus de Soldadura

Organizing The Inspection Effort . Become Familiar w/ Welding Requirements Specify Timing for Inspections Develop Appropriate Hold Points Develop Applicable VT Techniques Develop Repair/Re-Inspection Procedures Develop Procedure for Reports and Maintenance of Records

Hold Points Points in the Fabrication Sequence where Inspection must be Performed Before Fabrication can continue

Applying The Inspection Effort Before. Welding Equipment - Type, Suitability Filler Metals - Type, Storage, Size Weld Joint Cleanliness Weld Joint Fitup - Bevels, Faces, RO, etc. Preheat Requirements Others

Applying The Inspection Effort During. Tack Weld Quality - Feathering Root Pass Quality - Size Intermediate Pass Cleaning

Gouging to Remove Defects

Distortion Preheat/Interpass Temp. Maintenance

Applying The Inspection Effort After. Final Pass Cleaning, Finishing Weld Sizes Post-Weld Heat Treatment Distortion & Final Dimensions Other NDE Reports

Review B1.10 - NDE of Welds

Table 1, Discontinuities (page 3)

Figures (pages 4-9) Terminology (pages 10-12) Table 2 (page 13) NDE, Tables 3 & 4 (pages 15-28) Appendices (pages 29-34)

AWS B1.11

Review B1.11 - VT of Welds Weld Discontinuity Figures (pages 5-21) Visual Inspection Aids (pages 22-27)

Appendix A - Technical Society Contacts (page 29)

Appendix B - Supplementary Reading List

VIW Reference Manual

VIW Reference Manual - Self-Study review for NDE and Tool usage Mod 1 Visual Inspection Mod 2 NDE (review Figures) Mod 3 Weld Discontinuities Mod 4 Part B Specification (review actual Part B Spec) Mod 5 Measurements (review tool use)

Metal Weld Samples

Examine Metal Welds and Note Discontinuities on Notepad

Review Results

AWS Part B Specification

Review Part B Specification in Detail Table of Contents Conversion Table and SI Prefixes Appendices and Usage Footnotes and Tolerances (e.g. underrun)

Plastic Weld Replicas

Review Each Type of Weld Replica (Fillet A and B, Large and Small T-Joints, Bend Tests, Tensile Samples) Must be able to identify each type Measure correct Weld and Zone (eg - Fillet A, Side 3, Zone 0-1)

Hand Tool Kit Demonstrate Use of Each Tool 6 inch Rule 1 inch Micrometer Metric Dial Caliper Palmgren Gage Undercut Gage Fillet Weld Gages

Six Inch Machinists Scale

Accuracy to 1/64 or about 15 mils, 0.015 Align vertically on part, not flat, for best accuracy

Best to measure starting from the 1 mark rather than the end,
which may be worn, but dont forget to subtract the 1 from result!

1 Inch Micrometer
Clean jaw faces, close Zero Micrometer or,

Use Tare Approach. If Micrometer zeroes at a plus 0.003,

take measurement of parts and subtract the 0.003 from result; (converse if it zeroes a minus.)

1 Inch Micrometer

Accuracy to plus or minus 1 mil, 0.001

Each small, unmarked thimble division equals 1 mil Can estimate to nearest 1/2 mil, 0.0005

1 Inch Micrometer

One complete thimble rotation equals 25 mils, or 0.025 inches. Four complete thimble rotations equals 100 mils, or 0.100 inches

Metric Dial Caliper

Accuracy to 0.1 mm, or about 4 mils

Can estimate to nearest 0.05 mm, or about 2 mils Some calipers have both metric and U.S. Customary scales but SI only for Exam

Palmgren Gage

Only use to measure height of groove weld reinforcement.

Dont use for measuring fillet weld sizes since plastic welds are

too small to do accurately.

Rotate legs of gage to just touch toes of weld for best accuracy

V-WAC Undercut Gage - 1 of 2

Accuracy is 1/64, or about 15 mils

Calibrate on flat, smooth surface Position on weld, rotate sharp point into undercut, read scale at other end Can measure porosity depth, but not diameter

V-WAC Undercut Gage - 2 of 2

Measures undercut up to 1/4 inch depth in 64ths of an inch

Also can be used to measure weld reinforcement height up to

1/4 inch in 64ths of an inch

Fillet Weld Gage Use

Determine if Weld is Concave or Convex Pick Appropriate Gage Type - 2 types Scribed Lines on Gages for Estimating Size of Adjacent leg Measure Smallest Weld Size Location Measure Both Legs for Convex welds Gages from 1/8 to 1/2 - 1/16 increments Gages from 1/2 to 1 - 1/8 incremen

Fillet Weld Shapes

Three Weld Shape Options: Convex - use convex gage only - minimum leg size

Concave - use concave gage only - throat size

Flat - either gage type will give accurate result

Convex Fillet Weld Gage Use - 1 of 3

Determine shape of fillet weld, select convex gage

Use scribed lines on gage for estimating size of second leg, or: For convex welds, measure both legs for best accuracy; select minimum leg as size

Convex Fillet Weld Gage Use - 2 of 3

Measure both legs Weld size is the lesser of the two legs for convex welds Weld size shown is 3/8, not 1/2

Convex Fillet Weld Gage Use - 3 of 3

Use Correct Size Gage

Too Large Correct Gage

Too Small

Concave Fillet Weld Gage Use - 1 of 2

Determine type of fillet weld, select concave gage

Use scribed lines on gage for estimating size of weld legs if needed On concave welds, insure 3-point contact between gage and weld

Concave Fillet Weld Gage Use - 1 of 2

Use Correct Size Gage

Too Large Correct - 3 point contact

Too Small

Student Hands-On Tool Practice Measure the Following and Note Results: Width of 6 inch scale in mm & mils Thickness of 6 inch scale in mm & mils Thickness of Palmgren Gage in mm & mils Thickness of Fillet Gage in mm & mils Outside Diameter of Mag. Glass in mm Review Student Results for Accuracy

Practice Exercis

Complete 20 question VIW Practice Exercises using tensile, weld replicas Review answers

Practice Examination

Complete VIW Practice Exam - 2 to 2 1/2 hours; (Student should

jot down page number from Part B where answers are found to
aid exam review)

Review Answers