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In the beginning
6 Basic Adjustments
Speed Reference Minimum Speed Maximum Speed Acceleration Deceleration Current Limit
Speed Reference
Typically it is a potentiometer that an operator turns to adjust the speed of the machine.
Minimum Speed
How fast the machine will operate with the Speed Reference turned all the way DOWN.
Maximum Speed
How fast the machine will operate with the Speed Reference turned all the way UP.
Adjustments - Acceleration
Acceleration Rate
How much time it will take to go from stop to full speed.
Adjustments - Deceleration
Deceleration Rate
How much time it will take to go from full speed to stop.
Current Limit
This limits the amount of current coming out of the drive. Its based on the motors Full Load Amps.
Summing Junction
Takes the signal from the Ramp circuits and adds them together with some sort of feedback. Feedbacks can be speed,voltage or current. The result out of the summing junction is an error signal indicating the difference between the speed reference and the feedback. Another way to look at it is difference between how fast I want it to go verses how fast it is actually going Output goes to the Major Loop (Speed or Voltage Loop)
Power Module
This is where the SCRs live. The Power Module has AC power connected to it which is what gets switched (through the SCRs) to the motor armature circuit as DC.
SCR Construction
Motor
The interaction of 2 magnetic fields causes rotation (armature & field). Typically the Field coils have a constant voltage applied and we vary the voltage in the armature to get variable speed (up to Base speed) To go above base speed we have constant maximum voltage in the armature and then we weaken the field voltage.
Speed Regulator
Voltage Regulator
Current Regulator
Position Regulator
Contactor Reversing
Braking Methods
Coast to Rest
The application coasts to a stop. Time to rest is determined by Friction, Windage and Inertia of the load.
Dynamic Braking
Inertia contained in a load causes the load to continue rotating generating a voltage and current in the armature circuit opposite in direction of motoring and being dropped across a high wattage resistor.
Braking Methods
Regeneration
Inertia contained in a load causes the load to continue rotating generating a voltage and current in the armature circuit opposite in direction of motoring current. Using a second set of SCRs connected opposite than the first set, these are fired so that current flow is allowed to flow in the opposite direction back to the AC line supply.
4 Quadrant Operations
DC Dynamic Braking
Braking Force
The AC drive
Then there was AC
Filter
Inverter
M2.00s Ch1
1.18V
Splashing water Falling or hose-directed water Seepage of water Severe external condensation
Must have conduit hubs for water-tight connection at conduit entrance Mounting method must be external to equipment cavity No louvers, no ventilated openings
Open Loop AC
Torque Current
Motor Current
Magnetizing Current
Torque Current
90 Degrees
Motor Current
Magnetizing Current
Torque is optimized by maintaining Magnetizing & Torque Current @ 90 degrees
Magnetizing Current
Identified during Auto-tuning
Torque Current
Represents the actual load at the motor shaft
Current demand above Magnetizing is Torque
Motor Current
The vector sum of Magnetizing and Torque Current Regulated by internal current feedback
AC Snubber Braking
AC Regeneration
THE END
Notes
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