LIPIDS

Group 1 Presentation Alonzo, Kristian Darell Bacuetes, Liza Bagadiong, Honey Baloloy, Honeyliza Bustillos, Jane Faith Bueno, Sharmane Cantuba, Abby Camille

LIPIDS
Refers to a collection of organic molecules of varying chemical composition.

 They are grouped together on the basis of their solubility in non-polar solvent. Energy source; energy storage Cell membrane structural Hormones Vitamin absorption; protection; insulation

Medical and Biological Importance

Thermal insulator Padding against injury Source of energy Structural components Precursor of complex molecule Transport of other lipid compound Hormone and fat soluble vitamins Absorption of fats soluble vitamins Surfactant

Cholesterol
important in the synthesis of steroid hormone, glucocorticoid and bile acids Best source of getting energy, libido, fertility and vitality Supports nervous system at the time of sleep

Characteristics
Is a critical fat that is a structural component of cell membrane and plasma lipoprotein Two types of cholesterol LDL/ Low Density Lipoprotein HDL/ High Density Lipoprotein

Fatty Acids
Long chain of monocarboxylic acid Acid derived from fats Functions
-As building blocks. Fatty acids are the building blocks of phospholipids and glycolipids (constituents of cell membranes). As a targeting molecules. Fatty acids are attached to many proteins. In this way proteins are directed to their appropriate place in membranes.

- As a fuel molecules. Fatty acids are stored as triacylglycerols (esters of glycerol and fatty acids). Triacylglycerols are also called triglycerides or neutral fats. - Messenger molecules (messengers). Products of fatty acids function as hormones and as intracellular messenger molecules (messengers).

Characteristics
Saturated Fatty acids
No double bond Unsaturated Fatty acids Short chain Long chain Very long chain Exhibit cis-trans isomerism

Triglycerides
Three hydroxyl groups Neutral fats storage Storage form of fats Digested by the action of pancreatic and intestinal lipase

Phospholipid
Major component of cell membranes Fat derivatives in which one fatty acid has been replaced by a phosphate group and one of several nitrogen containing molecules

Functions
Act as building blocks of the biological cell membranes in virtually all organisms Participate in the transduction of biological signals across the membrane. Act as efficient store of energy as with triglycerides. Play an important role in the transport of fat between gut and liver in mammalian digestion. An important source of acetylcholine which is the most commonly occurring neurotransmitter substance occurring in mammals.

Sphingolipids
Are complex lipids that consist of the long chain alcohols sphingosine esterifies to a fatty acids Nitrogen- containing phosphate esters are also binded to the sphingosine moiety Sphingolipids bound in the nervous system as components of myelin and other structural lipids