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Gutheil and Sirignano, Counterflow Spray Combustion Modeling including Detailed Transport and Detailed Chemistry
Spray flamelet library was computed using detailed transport and detailed chemical mechanism with 23 species and 168 elementary reactions.
Hollmann and Gutheil, Flamelet modeling of turbulent Spray Diffusion Flames Based on a Laminar Spray Flame Library
Spray Laminar flamelet was incorporated, result was compared against experiment
Focus
The different structure of spray turbulent diffusion flame and gaseous counterpart Flamelet library Treatment in PDF
Multiple solutions do not persist at higher strain rate because the reaction zones merge due to reduction of flame thickness (The two peak are compressed together)
Modeling
For turbulent spray flames, the approach must be extended to account for the dependence of the laminar spray flamelet on the initial droplet size, and initial spray velocity, and the equivalence ratio.
Modeling
The Favre averaged value of any variable in the turbulent flow field then depends on five variables, and it yields
Modeling of PDF
For the mixture fraction, a beta function or modified beta function is used. For the scalar dissipation rate at stoichio-metry, a logarithmic normal distrubution with standard deviation being used. For the initial droplet size, two Diracdelta functions were used, and the PDFs of both the initial droplet velocity and equivalence ratio were taken to be univariate Diracdelta functions with initial droplet velocity and global equivalence ratio The assumption of statistical independence
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