Aspnet

Introduction to ASP.
NET and Web Forms
Agenda
Background ASP.NET Overview Programming Model Programming Basics Server Controls Data Binding Conclusion
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Background
Web Architecture
Client
Request: http://www.digimon.com/default.asp
PC/Mac/Unix/... + Browser
Network
HTTP, TCP/IP
Response: <html>.</html>
Server
Web Server
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Background
Web Development Technologies
Client-side technologies
HTML, DHTML, JavaScript
Server-side technologies
ASP (Active Server Pages)
ASP.NET is the next generation of ASP
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Background
What is ASP?
Server-side programming technology Consists of static HTML interspersed with script ASP intrinsic objects (Request, Response, Server, Application, Session) provide services Commonly uses ADO to interact with databases Application and session variables Application and session begin/end events ASP manages threads, database connections, ...
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What is ASP?
Active Server Pages A series of objects and components that are executed on the web server Uses a suite of technologies that allows dynamically-generated content Control of how content is generated from the server to the browsers
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HTML Page Execution

You Request an HTML Page www.ocstc.org/resumes.htm
Server finds and downloads the page
Browser displays the page
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ASP Page Execution

You Request an ASP Page www.ocstc.org/default.asp
Server finds the page
Server executes ASP commands, converts ASP to HTML/XML as needed, processes HTML/XML
Browser displays the page
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ASP Compared to Other Scripting Languages

ASP and /PHP/Perl/CGI execution are roughly equivalent in execution sequence Compared to VBScript, ASP does not have to worry about browser incompatibility Compared to JavaScript, dont have to worry about browser versions or disabling Compared to Java, dont have to worry about whether JRE (or MVM) is installed
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ASP and XML

ASP can control the XML experience from beginning to end
Controls the output for conflicting browsers Generate XML data Logically connect XML and standalone databases Control data output formatting that XML or HTML cannot control
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ASP in the Microsoft Language Family

The ASP commands...
Visual Basic
VBScript
ASP
But theres more to ASP than just code...

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Some characterize ASP as more or less server-side VBScript Arguments supporting this statement Arguments against this statement
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ASP can also interact with other Microsoft languages or applications:

Execute SQL commands Open and close databases Create and Modify database tables Control applications or COM objects written or compiled in other languages (VB, C++, Java) Extract content from Excel or Word Control an XML document
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ASP Object Model

ASP itself is not Object-Oriented. ASP can use objects but cannot define new objects Composed of

5 objects 5 components
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ASP Objects
Request Response Server Application Session
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Code behind pages

Binds HTML page to a code file written in a .NET language HTML page is encapsulated in a System.Web.UI.Page class
Events such as Page_Load may be handled
All ASP.NET controls can be used as regular .NET objects Scripts in HTML page may call code behind functions Everything will eventually end up as HTML
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Response and Request objects

Response
Represents the client browser

Response.Redirect(http://www.microsoft.com) Response.Cookies[UserName] = Bob
Request
Represents the server

Request.PhysicalApplicationPath UserName = (String)Request.Cookies[UserName]
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Session and Application variables

Session variables

Hashtable-style collection of name-value pairs Remembered until the client closes the browser (or the session timeout expires default 20 minutes) Only for one client
Session[ValidUser] = true
Application variables

Hashtable-style collection of name-value pairs Always remembered For all clients

Application[NumClients] = NumClients + 1
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ASP Components
Scripting Objects Component ADO (ActiveX Data Objects) Component Ad Rotator Component Browser Capabilities Component Content Linking Component
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ASP Object Model

Server Request YOU ASP.DLL (if it finds <%%>, invokes Scripting Objects Component)
Response
Application Session
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Background
What is ASP?
HTTP request
(form data, HTTP header data)
HTTP response
HTML, XML
ASP page
(static HTML, server-side logic)
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ASP versus ASP.NET

ASP
Scripting language not compiled Blend of HTML and script on one page Developer needs to code all server-side actions
ASP.NET
Compiled code full language support Code behind page separate VB file Server-side controls handle most boiler-plate coding
Debugging difficult
Debugging runs in the IDE

ASP and ASP.NET can coexist on the same IIS Server
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ASP.NET Namespaces Web

System.Web Core types that enable browser communication Types that provide caching support Types that affect the configuration of the web application configuration file
System.Web.Caching
System.Web.Configuration
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ASP.NET Namespaces Security and UI

System.Web.Security Types that support security for a web application
System.Web.UI Types that provide ability to build System.Web.UI.WebControls GUI interfaces for a web application Systems.Web.UI.HTMLControls
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ASP.NET Namespaces Web Services

System.Web.Services System.Web.Services.Discovery System.Web.Services.Description System.Web.Services.Protocols
Types that allow the building of Web Services
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ASP Page vs. ASP Application

An ASP page
Needs the .ASP file extension to indicate to the server that there is code the server must interpret A series of commands on one page
An ASP application is a series of pages that are linked together through code and the content linking component to function as a logical unit
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ASP Page vs. ASP Application

How the information is handled
Main communication device between pages and the server is by Forms Information can be transmitted or transferred from page to page in an application by

Submitting a form Sending a URL-encoded string www/ocstc.org/meetingadmin/edit.asp?ID=5 Storing data as a variable
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Myths/Criticisms of ASP
ASP is Microsoft/Windows centric ASP doesnt work with Netscape ASP pages are not recognized by Search Engines ASP is slow because its interpreted (or because its Microsoft) ASP doesnt work with client-side scripting languages, especially JavaScript
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Background
Demo: HelloWorld.asp
<html> <head><title>HelloWorld.asp</title></head> <body> <form method=post"> <input type="submit" id=button1 name=button1 value="Push Me" /> <% if (Request.Form("button1") <> "") then Response.Write("<p>Hello, the time is " & Now()) end if %> </form> </body> </html>
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Background
ASP Successes
Simple procedural programming model Access to COM components

ActiveX Data Objects (ADO) File System Object Custom components VBScript, JScript leverages existing skills
Script-based: no compiling, just edit, save & run
Support for multiple scripting languages ASP has been very popular
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Background
ASP Challenges
Coding overhead (too much code)
Everything requires writing code!
Code readability (too complex; code and UI intermingled) Maintaining page state requires more code Reuse is difficult Supporting many types of browsers is difficult Deployment issues (e.g. DLL locking) Session state scalability and availability Limited support for caching, tracing, debugging, etc. Performance and safety limitations of script
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Agenda
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ASP.NET Overview
ASP.NET provides services to allow the creation, deployment, and execution of Web Applications and Web Services Like ASP, ASP.NET is a server-side technology Web Applications are built using Web Forms Web Forms are designed to make building web-based applications as easy as building Visual Basic applications
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ASP.NET Overview
Goals
Keep the good parts of ASP and improve the rest Simplify: less code, easier to create and maintain Multiple, compiled languages Fast Scalable Manageable Available Customizable and extensible Secure Tool support
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ASP.NET Overview
Key Features

Web Forms Web Services Built on .NET Framework Simple programming model Maintains page state Multibrowser support XCOPY deployment XML configuration Complete object model
Session management Caching Debugging Extensibility Separation of code and UI Security ASPX, ASP side by side Simplified form validation Cookieless sessions
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How Does ASP.NET Work?

When a browser requests an HTML file, the server returns the file When a browser requests an ASP.NET file, IIS passes the request to the ASP.NET engine on the server The ASP.NET engine reads the file, line by line, and executes the scripts in the file Finally, the ASP.NET file is returned to the browser as plain HTML
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ASP.NET Overview
Demo: HelloWorld.aspx
<%@ Page Language="VB" %> <html> <head> <script runat="server"> sub B_Click (sender as object, e as System.EventArgs ) Label1.Text = "Hello, the time is " & DateTime.Now end sub </script> </head> <body> <form method="post" runat="server"> <asp:Button onclick="B_Click" Text="Push Me" runat="server" /> <p> <asp:Label id=Label1 runat="server" /> </form> </body> </html>
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SERVERS
ASP.NET is a server side scripting technology that enables scripts (embedded in web pages) to be executed by an Internet server. ASP.NET is a program that runs inside IIS IIS (Internet Information Services) is Microsoft's Internet server IIS comes as a free component with Windows servers IIS is also a part of Windows 2000 and XP Professional
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ASP.NET Overview
Architecture
VB C++ C# JScript
Visual Studio.NET
Common Language Specification ASP.NET: Web Services and Web Forms Windows Forms
ADO.NET: Data and XML Base Classes Common Language Runtime
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Agenda
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Programming Model
Controls and Events
Server-side programming model Based on controls and events

Just like Visual Basic Not data in, HTML out
Higher level of abstraction than ASP Requires less code More modular, readable, and maintainable
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Programming Model
Controls and Events
Button
Button code ... List code ... Text code ...
List
Text
Browser
ASP.NET
Event handlers
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What Does ASP Look Like in Action?

What HTML looks like
<p>Analytical Ultracentrifugation Workshop (May 21-23, 2001) and Symposium (May 24, 2001) at the National Analytical Ultracentrifugation Facility, Storrs, Conn. For additional information</p> <ul> <li><a href="http://www.ucc.uconn.edu/~wwwbiotc/99wkshp.html" target="_blank"> National Analytical Ultracentrifugation Facility</a></li> <li><a href="naufworkshop.asp">Analytical Ultracentrifugation Workshop and Symposium Description and Registration (PDF Format)</a></li> </ul>
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What Does ASP Look Like in Action?

What the real code looks like*
<% If Today < CDate("5/25/01") Then %> <p>Analytical Ultracentrifugation Workshop (May 21-23, 2001) and Symposium (May 24, 2001) at the National Analytical Ultracentrifugation Facility, Storrs, Conn. For additional information</p> <ul><li><a href="http://www.ucc.uconn.edu/~wwwbiotc/99wkshp.html" target="_blank">National Analytical Ultracentrifugation Facility</a></li> <li><a href="naufworkshop.asp">Analytical Ultracentrifugation Workshop and Symposium Description and Registration (PDF Format)</a></li> </ul> <% End If %>
* Coloring from Microsoft FrontPage

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Tools You Need to Create ASP Applications

Web Server that Supports ASP
Microsoft Internet Information Server (IIS) Web services of Windows NT Server 4.0 and Windows 2000 Server Microsoft Personal Web Server (PWS) Creates a fully functional subset of IIS 4.0 that can run on all other Windows OS

PWS is an add-on for Windows NT, 95/98/Me Built-in to Windows 2000/XP PROFESSIONAL
Fundamental knowledge of Visual Basic
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Programming Model
ASP.NET Object Model
User code executes on the web server in page or control event handlers Controls are objects, available in server-side code
Derived from System.Web.UI.Control Derived from System.Web.UI.Page which is a descendant of System.Web.UI.Control A page can have methods, properties, etc.
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The web page is an object too
Programming Model
Postbacks
A postback occurs when a page generates an HTML form whose values are posted back to the same page A common technique for handling form data In ASP and other server-side technologies the state of the page is lost upon postback... Unless you explicitly write code to maintain state This is tedious, bulky and error-prone
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Programming Model
Postbacks Maintain State
By default, ASP.NET maintains the state of all server-side controls during a postback Can use method="post" or method="get" Server-side control objects are automatically populated during postback No state stored on server Works with all browsers
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Programming Model
Server-side Controls
Multiple sources of controls

Built-in 3rd party User-defined
Controls range in complexity and power: button, text, drop down, calendar, data grid, ad rotator, validation Can be populated via data binding
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Programming Model
Automatic Browser Compatibility
Controls can provide automatic browser compatibility Can target UpLevel or DownLevel browsers
UpLevel browsers support additional functionality, such as JavaScript and DHTML DownLevel browsers support HTML 3.2
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Programming Model
Automatic Browser Compatibility
IE 4
Button Menu Text
Netscape
Button Menu Text
Button Control
Button code ... Menu code ...
Menu Control
IE 5.5
Button Menu Text
Text Control
Text code ...
IE 6
Button Menu Text
ASP.NET
Event handlers
...
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Programming Model
Code-behind pages
Two styles of creating ASP.NET pages

Controls and code in .aspx file Controls in .aspx file, code in code-behind page
Supported in Visual Studio.NET
Code-behind pages allow you to separate the user interface design from the code
Allows programmers and designers to work independently

<%@ Codebehind=WebForm1.bas Inherits=WebApplication1.WebForm1 %>
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Programming Model
Automatic Compilation
Just edit the code and hit the page ASP.NET will automatically compile the code into an assembly Compiled code is cached in the CLR Assembly Cache Subsequent page hits use compiled assembly If the text of the page changes then the code is recompiled
Works just like ASP: edit, save and run

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Programming Model
Automatic Compilation
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Agenda
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HTML CODE
<html> <head> <title>ASP.NET Hello World</title> </head> <body bgcolor="#FFFFFF"> <p>Hello World!</p> </body> </html>
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CLASSIC ASP STYLE

<%@ Page Language="VB" %> <html> <head> <title>ASP.NET Hello World</title> </head> <body bgcolor="#FFFFFF"> <p><%= "Hello World!" %></p> </body> </html>
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ASP.NET
<html> <head> <title>ASP.NET Hello World</title> </head> <body bgcolor="#FFFFFF"> <p>Hello World!</p> </body> </html>
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Using Server Controls HTML Controls

<%@ Page Language="VB" %> <% HelloWorld.InnerText = "Hello World!%> <html> <head> <title>ASP.NET Hello World</title> </head> <body bgcolor="#FFFFFF"> <p id="HelloWorld" runat="server"></p> </body> </html>
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Using Server Controls - Web Controls

<%@ Page Language="VB" %> <% HelloWorld.Text = "Hello World!" %> <html> <head> <title>ASP.NET Hello World</title> </head> <body bgcolor="#FFFFFF"> <p> <asp:label id="HelloWorld" runat="server" /> </p> </body> </html>
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Using Server Controls Event Handlers

<%@ Page Language="VB" %> <script runat="server"> Sub Page_Load(Sender As Object, E As EventArgs) HelloWorld.Text = "Hello World! End Sub </script>
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Cond.
<html> <head> <title>ASP.NET Hello World</title> </head> <body bgcolor="#FFFFFF"> <p><asp:label id="HelloWorld" runat="server" /></p> </body> </html>
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Programming Basics
Page Syntax
The most basic page is just static text
Any HTML page can be renamed .aspx Directives: <%@ Page Language=VB %> Server controls: <asp:Button runat=server> Code blocks: <script runat=server></script> Data bind expressions: <%# %> Server side comments: <%-- --%> Render code: <%= %> and <% %>
Pages may contain:

Use is discouraged; use <script runat=server> with code in event handlers instead
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Programming Basics
The Page Directive
Lets you specify page-specific attributes, e.g.

AspCompat: Compatibility with ASP Buffer: Controls page output buffering CodePage: Code page for this .aspx page ContentType: MIME type of the response ErrorPage: URL if unhandled error occurs Inherits: Base class of Page object Language: Programming language Trace: Enables tracing for this page Transaction: COM+ transaction setting
Only one page directive per .aspx file

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Programming Basics
Server Control Syntax
Controls are declared as HTML tags with runat=server attribute
<input type=text id=text2 runat=server /> <asp:calendar id=myCal runat=server />
Tag identifies which type of control to create
Control is implemented as an ASP.NET class It names the instance available during postback Just like Dynamic HTML
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The id attribute provides programmatic identifier

Programming Basics
Server Control Properties
Tag attributes map to control properties
<asp:button id=c1" Text="Foo" runat=server> <asp:ListBox id=c2" Rows="5" runat=server>
Tags and attributes are case-insensitive Control properties can be set programmatically
c1.Text = Foo c2.Rows = 5
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Programming Basics
Maintaining State
By default. controls maintain their state across multiple postback requests
Implemented using a hidden HTML field: __VIEWSTATE Works for controls with input data (e.g. TextBox, CheckBox), non-input controls (e.g. Label, DataGrid), and hybrids (e.g. DropDownList, ListBox) Set EnableViewState=false Lets you minimize size of __VIEWSTATE
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Can be disabled per control or entire page

Programming Basics
Maintaining State
Demo: MaintainingState.asp, MaintainingState.aspx
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Programming Basics
Server Code Blocks
Server code lives in a script block marked runat=server
<script language="C#" runat=server> <script language="VB" runat=server> <script language="JScript" runat=server>
Script blocks can contain

Variables, methods, event handlers, properties They become members of a custom Page object
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Programming Basics
Page Events
Pages are structured using events

Enables clean code organization Avoids the Monster IF statement Less complex than ASP pages e.g. Page_Load, Page_Unload Button1_Click Textbox1_Changed
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Code can respond to page events
Code can respond to control events

Programming Basics
Page Event Lifecycle
Initialize Restore Control State Load Page Control Events
1. Change Events 2. Action Events Textbox1_Changed Button1_Click Page_Init Page_Load
Save Control State Render Unload Page
Page_Unload
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Programming Basics
Page Loading
Page_Load fires at beginning of request after controls are initialized
Input control values already populated
protected sub Page_Load(s as Object, e as EventArgs) message.Text = "Howdy, World!" End sub
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Programming Basics
Page Loading
Page_Load fires on every request

Use Page.IsPostBack to execute conditional logic If a Page/Control is maintaining state then need only initialize it when IsPostBack is false
protected sub Page_Load(s as Object, e as EventArgs) if (Page.IsPostBack) then else ' Executes only on initial page load Message.Text = "initial value" ' Rest of procedure executes on every request end sub
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Programming Basics
Server Control Events
Change Events

By default, these execute only on next action event E.g. OnTextChanged, OnCheckedChanged Change events fire in random order Cause an immediate postback to server E.g. OnClick No client script required, no applets, no ActiveX Controls!
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Action Events

Works with any browser
Programming Basics
Wiring Up Control Events
Control event handlers are identified on the tag
<asp:button onclick="btn1_click runat=server> <asp:textbox onchanged="text1_changed runat=server>
Event handler code

protected sub btn1_Click(s as Object, e as EventArgs) Message.Text = Button1 clicked end sub
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Programming Basics
Event Arguments
Events pass two arguments:
The sender, declared as type object
Usually the object representing the control that generated the event Allows you to use the same event handler for multiple controls Provides additional data specific to the event EventArgs itself contains no data; a class derived from EventArgs will be passed
Arguments, declared as type EventArgs
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Programming Basics
Page Unloading
Page_Unload fires after the page is rendered
Dont try to add to output
Useful for logging and clean up
protected sub Page_Unload(s as Object, e as EventArgs) MyApp.LogPageComplete() end sub
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Programming Basics
Import Directive
Adds code namespace reference to page
Avoids having to fully qualify .NET types and class names Equivalent to the VB imports directive
<%@ Import Namespace="System.Data" %> <%@ Import Namespace="System.Net" %> <%@ Import Namespace="System.IO" %>
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Programming Basics
Page Class
The Page object is always available when handling server-side events Provides a large set of useful properties and methods, including:
Application, Cache, Controls, EnableViewState, EnableViewStateMac, ErrorPage, IsPostBack, IsValid, Request, Response, Server, Session, Trace, User, Validators DataBind(), LoadControl(), MapPath(), Validate()
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Agenda
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Server Controls
ASP.NET ships with ~50 built-in controls Organized into logical families
HTML controls
Controls / properties map 1:1 with HTML Richer functionality More consistent object model
Web controls

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Server Controls
HTML Controls
Work well with existing HTML designers Properties map 1:1 with HTML
table.bgcolor ="red"
Can specify client-side event handlers Good when quickly converting existing pages Derived from
System.Web.UI.HtmlControls.HtmlControl
Supported controls have custom class, others derive from HtmlGenericControl

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Server Controls
HTML Controls
Supported controls

<a> <img> <form> <table> <tr> <td> <th> <select>
<textarea> <button> <input type=text> <input type=file> <input type=submit> <input type=button> <input type=reset> <input type=hidden>
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Server Controls
HTML Controls
Demo 1: HTMLControls1.aspx
Basic page lifecycle with HTML Controls
Demo 2: HTMLControls2.aspx
More HTML Controls
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Server Controls
HTML Controls
Can use controls two ways:
Handle everything in action events (e.g. button click)
Event code will read the values of other controls (e.g. text, check boxes, radio buttons, select lists)
Handle change events as well as action events
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Server Controls
Web Controls
Consistent object model
Label1.BackColor = Color.Red Table.BackColor = Color.Blue
Richer functionality
E.g. AutoPostBack, additional methods
Automatic uplevel/downlevel support
E.g. validation controls

Enables better compiler type checking
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Strongly-typed; no generic control
Server Controls
Web Controls
Web controls appear in HTML markup as namespaced tags Web controls have an asp: prefix
<asp:button onclick="button1_click runat=server> <asp:textbox onchanged="text1_changed runat=server>
Defined in the System.Web.UI.WebControls namespace This namespace is automatically mapped to the asp: prefix
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Server Controls
Web Controls
Web Controls provide extensive properties to control display and format, e.g.

Font BackColor, ForeColor BorderColor, BorderStyle, BorderWidth Style, CssClass Height, Width Visible, Enabled
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Server Controls
Web Controls
Four types of Web Controls

Intrinsic controls List controls Rich controls Validation controls
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Server Controls
Intrinisic Controls
Correspond to HTML controls Supported controls

<asp:button> <asp:imagebutton> <asp:linkbutton> <asp:hyperlink> <asp:textbox> <asp:checkbox>
<asp:radiobutton> <asp:image> <asp:label> <asp:panel> <asp:table>
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Server Controls
Intrinisic Controls
TextBox, ListControl, CheckBox and their subclasses dont automatically do a postback when their controls are changed Specify AutoPostBack=true to make change events cause a postback
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Server Controls
List Controls
Controls that handle repetition Supported controls

<asp:dropdownlist> <asp:listbox> <asp:radiobuttonlist> <asp:checkboxlist> <asp:repeater> <asp:datalist> <asp:datagrid>

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Server Controls
List Controls
Repeater, DataList and DataGrid controls

Powerful, customizable list controls Expose templates for customization Can contain other controls Provide event bubbling through their OnItemCommand event More about these controls and templates later
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Server Controls
CheckBoxList & RadioButtonList
Provides a collection of check box or radio button controls Can be populated via data binding
<asp:CheckBoxList id=Check1 runat="server"> <asp:ListItem>Item 1</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem>Item 2</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem>Item 3</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem>Item 4</asp:ListItem> <asp:ListItem>Item 5</asp:ListItem> </asp:CheckBoxList>
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Server Controls
Intrinisic & Simple List Controls
Demo 1: WebControls1.aspx
Assorted intrinsic and list controls
Demo 2: WebControls2.aspx
Same controls with AutoPostBack
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Server Controls
Rich Controls
Custom controls with rich functionality Supported Controls

<asp:calendar> <asp:adrotator>
More will be added 3rd party controls are coming Demo: RichControls1.aspx
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Server Controls
Validation Controls
Rich, declarative validation Validation declared separately from input control Extensible validation framework Supports validation on client and server

Automatically detects uplevel clients Avoids roundtrips for uplevel clients Prevents users from spoofing Web Forms
Server-side validation is always done
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Server Controls
Validation Controls
<asp:RequiredFieldValidator>
Ensures that a value is entered Checks if value is within minimum and maximum values Compares value against constant, another control or data type Tests if value matches a predefined pattern Lets you create custom client- or server-side validation function Displays list of validation errors in one place
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<asp:RangeValidator>
<asp:CompareValidator>
<asp:RegularExpressionValidator>
<asp:CustomValidator>
<asp:ValidationSummary>
Server Controls
Validation Controls
Validation controls are derived from
System.Web.UI.WebControls.BaseValidator,
which is derived from the Label control Validation controls contain text which is displayed only if validation fails Text property is displayed at control location ErrorMessage is displayed in summary
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Server Controls
Validation Controls
Validation controls are associated with their target control using the ControlToValidate property
<asp:TextBox id=TextBox1 runat=server />
<asp:RequiredFieldValidator id="Req1" ControlToValidate="TextBox1" Text="Required Field" runat=server />
Can create multiple validation controls with the same target control
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Server Controls
Validation Controls
Page.IsValid indicates if all validation controls on the page succeed
void Submit_click(s as object, e as EventArgs) if (Page.IsValid) then Message.Text = "Page is valid!" end if end sub
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Server Controls
Validation Controls
Display property controls layout

Static: fixed layout, display wont change if invalid Dynamic: dynamic layout None: no display; can still use ValidationSummary and Page.IsValid
Type property specifies expected data type: Currency, Date, Double, Integer, String
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Server Controls
Validation Controls
Can force down-level option
Only server-side validation

<% @ Page Language="c#" ClientTarget="DownLevel" %>
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Server Controls
Validation Controls
Demo: ValidationControls1.aspx
Demonstrates each type of validation control
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Agenda
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Data Binding
How to Populate Server Controls?
Specify the data in the controls tags
Not dynamic: cant get data from a database
Write code that uses the controls object model
This is okay if you need to populate a simple value or list, but quickly gets too complicated for populating sophisticated displays Create an object that holds the data (DataSet, Array, string, int, etc.) Associate that object with the control
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Data binding
Data Binding
What Is It?
Provides a single simple yet powerful way to populate Web Form controls with data
Enables clean separation of code from UI Properties, expressions, method calls Collections (Array, Hashtable, etc.) DataSet, DataTable, DataView, DataReader XML Requires code to reapply to data model
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Supports binding to any data source

One way snapshot model
Data Binding
What Is It?
Allows you to specify an expression When the DataBind method of the control is called, the expression is evaluated and bound

DataBind for a single control (and subcontrols) Page.DataBind binds all controls on a page
Works for scalars, e.g. Label control Works for lists, e.g. DropDown control, ListBox control, etc. Enables the use of templates
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Data Binding
Scalar Expressions
Data binding expression: <%# expression %> Expression is evaluated when DataBind() is called
<asp:Label id=label1 Text=<%# The result is & (1 + 2) & , the time is & DateTime.Now.ToLongTimeString() %> runat="server" /> public sub Page_Load(s as object, e as EventArgs) if (Page.IsPostBack) then else Page.DataBind() end if end sub
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Data Binding
Scalar Expressions
Demo: DataBinding1.aspx
Data binding to simple, scalar expressions
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Data Binding
Simple Lists
Data binding a list creates a user interface element for each item in the list Each item contains text (displayed to user) and an optional value (not displayed) The simple list controls:
<asp:ListBox>
Single or multiple select
<asp:DropDownList> <asp:RadioButtonList> <asp:CheckBoxList>

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Data Binding
Simple Lists
Steps to data bind a list control

Declare the list control Optionally set DataValueField and DataTextField Set its DataSource Call DataBind() method
Slide 113 of 72
Data Binding
Simple Lists
Demo: DataBinding2.aspx
Data binding to simple lists
Slide 114 of 72

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Aspnet

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Introduction to ASP.

NET and Web Forms

HTML, DHTML, JavaScript

ASP (Active Server Pages)

ASP.NET is the next generation of ASP

HTML Page Execution

Server finds and downloads the page

Browser displays the page

ASP Page Execution

Server finds the page

Browser displays the page

ASP Compared to Other Scripting Languages

ASP and XML

ASP in the Microsoft Language Family

But theres more to ASP than just code...

ASP in the Microsoft Language Family

ASP in the Microsoft Language Family

ASP Object Model

Code behind pages

Events such as Page_Load may be handled

Response and Request objects

Represents the client browser

Represents the server

Session and Application variables

Hashtable-style collection of name-value pairs Always remembered For all clients

ASP Object Model

ASP versus ASP.NET

Debugging runs in the IDE

ASP.NET Namespaces Web

ASP.NET Namespaces Security and UI

ASP.NET Namespaces Web Services

ASP Page vs. ASP Application

ASP Page vs. ASP Application

Submitting a form Sending a URL-encoded string www/ocstc.org/meetingadmin/edit.asp?ID=5 Storing data as a variable

Script-based: no compiling, just edit, save & run

Everything requires writing code!

How Does ASP.NET Work?

ADO.NET: Data and XML Base Classes Common Language Runtime

Just like Visual Basic Not data in, HTML out

Button code ... List code ... Text code ...

What Does ASP Look Like in Action?

What Does ASP Look Like in Action?

* Coloring from Microsoft FrontPage

Tools You Need to Create ASP Applications

Fundamental knowledge of Visual Basic

The web page is an object too

Built-in 3rd party User-defined

Button code ... Menu code ...

Text code ...

Supported in Visual Studio.NET

Allows programmers and designers to work independently

Works just like ASP: edit, save and run

CLASSIC ASP STYLE

Using Server Controls HTML Controls

Using Server Controls - Web Controls

Using Server Controls Event Handlers

Pages may contain:

Only one page directive per .aspx file

Tag identifies which type of control to create

The id attribute provides programmatic identifier

Can be disabled per control or entire page

Script blocks can contain

Code can respond to page events