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Radiotelephony provides the means by which pilots and ground personnel communicate with each other. Used properly, the information and instructions transmitted are of vital importance in assisting in the safe and expeditious operation of aircraft. However, the use of non-standard procedures and phraseology can cause misunderstanding. Incidents and accidents have occurred in which a contributing factor has been the misunderstanding caused by the use of non-standard phraseology.
The importance of using correct and precise standard phraseology cannot be over-emphasised.
Maintain an even rate of speech not exceeding 100 words per minute. When it is known that elements of the message will be written down by the recipients, speak at
Be aware that the mother tongue of the person receiving the message may not be English. Therefore, speak clearly and use standard radiotelephony (RTF) words and phrases wherever possible.
Letter Word Appropriate pronunciation A Alpha AL FAH B Bravo BRAH VOH C Charlie CHAR LEE D Delta DELL TAH E Echo ECK OH F Foxtrot FOKS TROT G Golf GOLF H Hotel HOH TELL I India IN DEE AH J Juliett JEW LEE ETT K Kilo KEY LOH L Lima LEE MAH
Letter Word Appropriate pronunciation M Mike MIKE N November NO VEM BER O Oscar OSS CAH P Papa PAH PAH Q Quebec KEH BECK R Romeo ROW ME OH S Sierra SEE AIR RAH T Tango TANG GO U Uniform YOU NEE FORM V Victor VIK TAH W Whiskey WISS KEY X X-ray ECKS RAY Y Yankee YANG KEE Z Zulu ZOO LOO
Numeral or numeral element Latin alphabet representation 0 ZERO 1 WUN 2 TOO 3 TREE 4 FOWER 5 FIFE 6 SIX 7 SEVEN 8 AIT 9 NINER Decimal DAYSEEMAL Hundred HUN DRED Thousand TOUSAND
Number Transmitted as Pronounced as BAW246 Speedbird Two Four Six SPEEDBIRD TOO FOWER SIX FL 100 Flight Level One Hundred FLIGHT LEVEL WUN HUN DRED
FL 180 Flight Level One Eight Zero FLIGHT LEVEL WUN AIT ZERO
150 Degrees One Five Zero Degrees WUN FIFE ZERO DEGREES 18 Knots One Eight Knots WUN AIT KNOTS
Number Transmitted as Pronounced as 122.1 One Two Two Decimal One WUN TOO TOO DAYSEEMAL WUN 6500 Six Five Zero Zero SIX FIFE ZERO ZERO (SQUAWK)
Combinations of thousands and whole hundreds shall be transmitted by pronouncing each digit in the number of thousands followed by the word THOUSAND and the number of hundreds followed by the word HUNDRED;
Numbers containing a decimal point shall be transmitted as prescribed in with the decimal point in appropriate sequence being indicated by the word decimal.
118.000 One One Eight Decimal Zero WUN WUN AIT DAY SEE MAL ZERO
MAINTAIN Continue in accordance with the condition(s) specified or in its literal sense, e.g. Maintain VFR. MONITOR Listen out on (frequency).
ROGER I have received all your last transmission. Note: Under no circumstances to be used in reply to a question requiring a direct answer in the affirmative (AFFIRM) or negative (NEGATIVE).
SAY AGAIN Repeat all, or the following part of your last transmission.
When satisfactory communication has been established, and provided that it will not be confusing, the name of the location or the callsign suffix may be omitted.
Service Suffix
Area Control CONTROL Radar (in general) RADAR Approach Control APPROACH Aerodrome Control TOWER Approach Control Radar Arrival/Departure DIRECTOR/DEPARTURE (RADAR when tasks combined)/
Service Suffix
ARRIVAL (when approved)) Ground Movement Control GROUND Precision Approach Radar TALKDOWN (Military FINAL CONTROLLER)
PRE FLIGHT CHECK, SELCAL CHECK, DEPARTURE MESSAGE / REPORT, FIR REPORT, AIR REPORT, POSITION REPORT ETC
DELHI RADIO THIS IS INDAIR 430 ON 8898 OVER
Eastern RDARA
INO I
SEA I
Additionally one general purpose VHF frequency is provided at Mumbai, Calcutta, Delhi, Madras. Range of this VHF is increased by RCAG ( Remote Control Air Ground)
Regular Station : When network comprises of large number of station, network communications for flight on any individual route segment should be provided by selected station, termed as Regular Station for that segment.
Radio Telephony Network In India During its tenure of primary guard, each regular station among other things:
Be responsible for designating suitable primary and secondary frequencies for its communications with the aircraft. Receive all position reports and handle other messages from and to the aircraft essential to the safe conduct of the flight. Be responsible for the action required in case of failure of communication.
Position Reporting
Position reports shall contain the following elements of information: a) Aircraft identification b) Position c) Time d) Level e) Next position and ETA
Where adequate flight progress data is available from other sources, such as ground radar, aircraft may be exempted from the requirement to make compulsory position reports.
SELCAL
BUZZER AND LIGHTS PROVIDED IN THE COCKPIT FOUR ALPHABETS DISTINCTIVE CODE FOR AIRCRAFT CODE FROM A TO S EXCLUDING I, N, O GROUND STATION HAS CODER AIRCRAFT HAS DECODER WORKS WITH HF. GROUND STATION CAN CALL YOU NOT OTHERWISE ON GETTING THE INDICATION YOU KNOW SOMEONE IS CALLING YOU BUT YOU DO NOT KNOW THE CALL SIGN