Professional Documents
Culture Documents
WELCOME
COURSE OBJECTIVES
Discuss the local safety policy. Discuss supervisor responsibilities. Discuss the concepts of behavior - based safety. Introduce 29 CFR 1910, the industrial safety standards. Discuss the OSHA penalties policy for safety violations.
INITIAL TRAINING
THE EMPLOYER MUST PROVIDE TRAINING:
Train in Safety Related Work Practices. Conduct Training Prior to Job Assignment.
RETRAINING REQUIREMENTS
REQUIRED WHEN THERE IS A:
New Work Area Hazard. Program Related Injury. Change in Job Assignment. New Equipment Introduced. New Hazard Control Methods. Failure in Written Work Procedures. Failure in the Safety Work Practices. Reason to Doubt Employee Proficiency.
Improve Quality. Improve Absenteeism. Maintain a Healthier Work Force. Reduce Injury and Illness Rates. Acceptance of High-Turnover Jobs. Workers Feel Good About Their Work. Reduce Workers Compensation Costs. Elevate SAFETY to a Higher Level of Awareness.
PROGRAM IMPLEMENTATION
IMPLEMENTATION OF A BEHAVIOR- BASED SAFETY PROGRAM REQUIRES:
UNDERSTANDING AND SUPPORT FROM THE WORK FORCE IS ESSENTIAL, WITHOUT IT THE PROGRAM WILL FAIL!
RESPONSIBILITY IS IMPORTANT
EFFECTIVE ASSIGNMENT OF RESPONSIBILITY
MGMT.
SUPERVISION LABOR FORCE
MANAGEMENTS ROLE
Considerations:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Get Involved. Learn! Ensure Your Support Is Visible. Support the Program. Implement Ways to Measure Effectiveness. Attend the Same Training As Your Workers. Interact With Your Workers. Insist on Periodic Follow-up & Program Review. Follow-up on the Actions You Took.
SUPERVISOR RESPONSIBILITIES
THE SUPERVISORS PRIMARY JOB:
Control the work environment. Enforce existing work rules. Constantly reassess conditions. Improve the system or process. Involve employees. Bring safety concerns to management. Serve as company liaison.
SUPERVISOR RESPONSIBILITIES
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Solicit ideas for safety improvements from workers. Interact closely with the Company Safety Officer.
Halt any operation where personal injury could result.
SUPERVISOR RESPONSIBILITIES
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SUPERVISOR RESPONSIBILITIES
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SUPERVISOR RESPONSIBILITIES
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SUPERVISOR RESPONSIBILITIES
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RESPONSIBILITY
ACCOUNTABILITY
SUPERVISOR
AUTHORITY
DELEGATION
SUPERVISOR RESPONSIBILITIES
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RESPONSIBILITY
ACCOUNTABILITY
AUTHORITY
REMOVE ANY ONE AND YOU CANNOT EFFECTIVELY SUPERVISE
SUPERVISOR RESPONSIBILITIES
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SUPERVISOR RESPONSIBILITIES
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SUPERVISOR RESPONSIBILITIES
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SUPERVISOR RESPONSIBILITIES
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TO VARYING DEGREES ALL EMPLOYEES HAVE: RESPONSIBILITIES, AUTHORITY AND ARE ACCOUNTABLE FOR SAFETY.
SAFETY COMMITTEE
Safety Committees Should:
Document Meetings. Encourage Employee Involvement. Provide Feedback Without Fear of Reprisal. Make Recommendations for Corrective Action. Analyze Statistical Data Concerning Accidents. Hold Regular Safety Review Meetings. Bring Employee Concerns to Management's Attention. Follow-up Is Critical.
WORKSITE ANALYSIS
WORKSITE ANALYSIS INCLUDES:
4. Conducting Baseline Screening Surveys to Determine Which Jobs Are High Risk and Need a Closer Analysis.
5. Performing Job Hazard Analyses of High Risk Jobs. 6. After Implementing Control Measures, Conducting Periodic Surveys and Follow-up to Evaluate Changes in Behavior.
WORKSITE ANALYSIS
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TANGIBLE INDICATORS: Accident Records Behavior Observations Production Records Personnel Records Employee Surveys Policies and Procedures
BEHAVIOR PRINCIPLES
WHAT IS BEHAVIOR?
Behavior Is What a Person Does or Says. What Causes a Person to Take This Particular Behavior or Course of Action Depends On Other Influencing Factors. Attitude and Situational Conditions Cause The Particular Behavior.
BEHAVIOR PRINCIPLES
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BEHAVIOR PRINCIPLES
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OBSERVING BEHAVIOR
OBSERVING BEHAVIOR Behavior Must Be Observed to Begin to Understand Current Behavior and Develop Lists of Acceptable (Safe) Behaviors. The Lists of Acceptable Behavior Will Be Used in Determining Safe Behaviors in the Future.
OBSERVING BEHAVIOR
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OBSERVING BEHAVIOR
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REMEMBER Someone Is Always New or Young or Unfamiliar With Why They Are Being Observed. Determining Safe Behaviors Is a Never-Ending Process. Your List of Safe Behaviors Will Vary by Job or Department and Will Change As Work Conditions or Equipment Change.
OBSERVING BEHAVIOR
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OBSERVING BEHAVIOR
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BEHAVIOR REINFORCEMENT
WHAT IS BEHAVIOR REINFORCEMENT? Reinforcement Is Any Consequence That Increases the Likelihood That the Behavior It Follows Will Occur in the Future. In Other Words, If You Promote a Behavior and Make Someone Feel Good About Performing That Behavior, or Give Them a Reason to Perform That Behavior, Its Occurrence in the Future Will Likely Increase.
BEHAVIOR REINFORCEMENT
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REINFORCEMENT Acceptable Behavior Must Be Constantly Reinforced. Never Miss an Opportunity to Give a Pat on the Back for Acceptable Behavior. People usually Respond to Positive Reinforcement.
BEHAVIOR REINFORCEMENT
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Reinforcement Considerations:
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. Reinforce Frequently, and In Public. Reinforce ONLY for Acceptable Behavior. Reinforce Immediately, Never Wait. Reinforce During the Safe Behavior if Possible. Be Specific About the Reinforced Behavior. Give Non-Verbal Positive Cues. (Nods, Smiles etc.) Be Totally Positive. Be Sincere. People See a Lot, But Dont Say a Lot. Accentuate The Positive.
BEHAVIOR REINFORCEMENT
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MOTIVATIONAL TECHNIQUES
Money and Behavior.
Is The Individual Due a Raise? Is a Salary Review Needed For The Job? Is The Amount of Piecework Pay Appropriate? Is There a Bonus Program? Are There Monetary Rewards for Safe Behavior? Are There Other Incentive Rewards for Safe Behaviors? Is There a Safety Suggestion Program? HOW MUCH OF A MOTIVATOR IS MONEY?
MOTIVATIONAL TECHNIQUES
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MOTIVATIONAL TECHNIQUES
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ATTITUDE
MOTIVATION CHANGES ATTITUDE AND ATTITUDE DRIVES BEHAVIOR
When a Persons Attitude Changes, His or Her Behavior Will Typically Follow. Assuming He or She Has Adequate Knowledge of the Safe Working Conditions in the Work Environment. When You Eliminate Every Other Reason for Unacceptable Behavior, What Is Left It Attitudinal.
ATTITUDE IS IMPORTANT
SAFETY AS PART OF THE WORK ENVIRONMENT
If a Person Understands That His or Her Safety at Work is Controllable in a Measurable Way, Acceptance of Safety as an Essential Part of the Work Environment Will Be Increased. Safe Attitudes and Behaviors Will Naturally Follow.
AND!
ATTITUDE IS IMPORTANT
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ATTITUDE IS IMPORTANT
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Self-Help Manual For Your Back H. Duane Saunders, MSPT by Educational Opportunities
Focus on The Individual - Try To Please Everyone. Good Behavior Can Be Enhanced By Accommodating The Majority. Please As Many People As Is Practical. Bad Behavior Causation. Should Be Studied To Determine
TRANSACTIONAL ANALYSIS
WHAT IS TRANSACTIONAL ANALYSIS?
Transactional Analysis or TA Was Originated by Eric Berne (Games People Play, New York: Grove Press, Inc., 1964). TA Assumes That Each of Us Reside in a Particular Mental (Ego) State at All Times. These States Are:
1. Parent
2. Adult
3. Child
TRANSACTIONAL ANALYSIS
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1. Parent
2. Adult
3. Child
TRANSACTIONAL ANALYSIS
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STIMULUS VERSES RESPONSE Effective Use of TA Requires That You Understand the Meaning of Stimulus and Response.
Stimulus: What Is Said or Done to Initiate a Response. Response: Behavior As a Result of Stimulus.
TRANSACTIONAL ANALYSIS
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CROSSED TRANSACTION
Stimulus (SUPERVISOR): Jim, Ive Got Another Press Down, Get the Work Done on This Press Immediately, I Dont Care How You Do It.
Response (WORKER): I Know What Im Doing, I Was Working Here When You Were Still in Grade School!
Note: Completely Ineffective Transaction. Transaction is Crossed. Each Person Assumes A Parental State and Speaks to The Other Persons Child.
TRANSACTIONAL ANALYSIS
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A C
1. Parent 2. Adult
A C
3. Child
TRANSACTIONAL ANALYSIS
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PARALLEL TRANSACTION
Stimulus (SUPERVISOR): Jim, Another Press Just Went Down, Im Concerned About Production. How Long Do You Feel It Will Take to Safely Make Repairs on This Press?
Response (WORKER): I Still Have to Replace a Drive Gear. Should Be About 2 Hours. Is the Other Press a Higher Priority Than This One?
Note: Each Person Understands The Higher Need. Behavior Is Consistent With Safe Requirements of the Job. Transaction Is Adult to Adult (Optimal)
TRANSACTIONAL ANALYSIS
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P
STIMULUS
PARALLEL TRANSACTION
A
RESPONSE
A C
2. Adult
OPTIMAL
C
1. Parent
3. Child
TRANSACTIONAL ANALYSIS
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DO YOU SEE THE VALUE IN TA? Understanding Which Ego State a Person Is Operating in Will Allow You To Positively Affect Their Behavior. Safety and Professionalism on The Job Can Then Be Improved. Its a Simple Concept, With a Little Practice You Will Be Able to Integrate This Technique Into Your Management Style. Your Personal Life May Also Be Positively Affected.
ACCIDENT CAUSATION
ACCIDENT CAUSATION
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Contributing Factors
Was he or she properly trained? Did the employee know not to use it? Was he or she reminded not to use it? Why did the supervisor allow its use? Did the supervisor examine the job first? Why was the defective ladder not found? Are procedures in place for defective equipment?
ACCIDENT CAUSATION
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Behavioristic Causes
Improper attitude. Lack of knowledge or skill. Physical or mental impairment. Ive Never Been Hurt Before
Improper Attitude
ACCIDENT CAUSATION
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Behavioristic Causes
Horseplay. Defeating safety devices. Failure to secure or warn. Operating without authority. Working on moving equipment. Taking an unsafe position or posture. Operating or working at an unsafe speed. Unsafe loading, placing, mixing, combining. Failure to use personal protective equipment.
ACCIDENT CAUSATION
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ACCIDENT CAUSATION
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ACCIDENT CAUSATION
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Types of Accidents
Slip, Trip. Struck by. Overexertion. Struck against. Fall on same level. Fall to different level. Caught in, on, or between. Contact with - heat or cold. Contact with - electric current. Inhalation, absorption, ingestion, poisoning.
ACCIDENT CAUSATION
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When you:
Eliminate Unsafe Environmental Conditions. Upgrade Engineering Controls. Optimize Administrative Controls. Provide Adequate Personal Protective Equipment. WHATS LEFT?
ATTITUDE!
A WORD OF CAUTION
You Cant Influence Employee Behavior If Contact Is Too Infrequent or Limited. Reinforcement Must Happen Frequently. If Acceptable Behavior Is Not Reinforced As It Happens, and If Corrective Instruction Is Not Direct and Specific, Behavior May Not Be Changed. Also, Responsibility for Safety Is in No Way Shifted Entirely From Management to the Employee. Safety Is Still the Shared Responsibility Between Management and All Other Company Employees.