A twisted pair cabling is a type of wiring were two

conductors are twisted together in order to cancel out electromagnetic interference from external source. Twisted pair cable is used in guided media to provide a conduit(Channel or a pipe conveying liquids ) from one device to another. A twisted pair consists of two conductor(Normally copper), each with its own plastic insulation(which is used only as ground reference). Twisted pair cable were invented by Alexander Graham Bell in 1881.

Twists- It is extremely important that each pair is twisted

together for the duration of the cable length. At low frequencies this is not a problem, but at high frequencies, noise and crosstalk became a major problem. Crosstalk- When wires are lade side by side, actual data travelling through them causes tiny external electro magnetic signals, that work the way into the adjacent wire. this is called cross talk. These unwanted frequencies have an equal effect on both wires in same direction (polarity).It was found that by twisting the wires together ,the electro-magnetic polarity of the unwanted signals is skewed as the wire bends and twists this has an cancelling effect .The more twists per inch of wire the better the cancellation effect.

I. II.

Unshielded Twisted Pair Wire. Shielded Twisted Pair. Unshielded Twisted Pair Wire : UTP is whats typically installed by phone companies and is what 10base T Ethernet runs over UTP is graded. UTP is graded according to its data carrying ability (e.g., Level 3,Level 4,Level 5). Shielded Twisted pair wire. STP is typically used for Token-ring networks where it is commonly referred to IBN type 2.(Or 2,3,6,8,etc) However there are several manufacturers of Ethernet equipment and interfaces that support Ethernet over STP.

Category

Specification

Data Use Rate(Mbp s) <0.1 Telephone

Unshielded twisted pair used in telephone

2.
3. 4.

UTP wires originally used in t-lines

Improved CAT 2 used in LANS Improved CAT 3 used in token ring network

2
10 20

T-lines
LANs LANs

5.
5E.

Cable wire is normally 24AWG with jacket & outside 100 sheath . An extension to category five that includes extra features to minimize the crosstalk & 125 electromagnetic interference
To test the new category with matched component from same manufacturer SST(Shielded screen twisted pair) the shield decreases the effect of cross talk & increases the 200 600

LANs

LANs

6. 7.

LANs LANs

I. These are cheaper and far easier to

splice. II. Less susceptible to electrical interference caused by nearby equipment or wires. III. In turn are less likely to cause interference themselves. IV. Because it electrically cleaner ,STP wire can carry data at a faster speed.

STP wire is that it is physically larger and more expensive than twisted pair wires. II. STP is more difficult to connect to a terminating block.
I.