OCCUPANCY AND TEMPERATURE BASED FAN CONTROLLER

UNDER THE GUIDANCE OF Mrs. VANDANA CHAUHAN PROJECT COORDINATOR Mr. PRAVEEN KUMAR

SUBMITTED BY: SHARAFAT HUSSAIN ANURAG MISHRA VINAY KUMAR MISHRA

OVERVIEW
This project is used to regulate the fan speed based on number of occupant and turn the fan off when the temperature is below the set temperature .A bulb is also provided with the circuit, it turns on when the number of occupant is greater than zero. The complete project is divided into three PCB

1. Temperature controller circuit 2. Timer and counter circuit 3. Speed regulator circuit

We will describe each with block diagram, description of components and circuit diagram

PCB NO.1 Temperature controller circuit

Components
1. AT89C52 Microcontroller --1 2. ADC0804 LCN --1 3. Temperature Sensor LM35--1 4. 16*2 LCD Display --1 5. Voltage Regulator L7805 --1 6. Resistors --9 7. Capacitors --5 8. Diodes --3 9. Transistor TIP120 --2 10. Crystal Oscillator 12MHz --1 11. Electric Fan 12 V --1 12. DC6V RELAY --1 13. LED --2 14. BUTTONS --4

PCB-1 BLOCK DIAGRAM-1

PCB-1 WORKING
HOW DO TEMPERATURE CONTROLLERS WORK?
To accurately control process temperature without extensive operator involvement, a temperature control system relies upon a controller, which accepts a temperature sensor LM35 as input. It compares the actual temperature to the desired control temperature, or set point, and provides an output to a control element. The controller is one part of the entire control system, and the whole system should be analyzed in selecting the proper controller.

ON/OFF CONTROL
An on-off controller is the simplest form of temperature control device. The output from the device is either on or off, with no middle state. An on-off controller will switch the output only when the temperature crosses the set point. For heating control, the output is on when the temperature is below the set point, and off above set point. Since the temperature crosses the set point to change the output state, the process temperature will be cycling continually, going from below set point to above, and back below.For the circuit to turn off or on a electronic DC6V relays is used.

PCB-1 DESPRIPTION OF COMPONENTS

ADC0804
FEATURES
80C48 and 80C80/85 Bus Compatible - No Interfacing Logic Required Conversion Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . <100s Easy Interface to Most Microprocessors Will Operate in a Stand Alone Mode Differential Analog Voltage Inputs Works with Bandgap Voltage References TTL Compatible Inputs and Outputs On-Chip Clock Generator Analog Voltage Input Range (Single + 5V Supply) . . . . . . . 0V to 5V No Zero-Adjust Required 80C48 and 80C80/85 Bus Compatible - No Interfacing Logic Required

TEMPERATURE SENSOR LM35

The LM35 series are precision integrated circuit temperature sensors, whose output voltage is linearly proportional to the Celsius (Centigrade) temperature.

LM35 INTERFACING WITH ADC0804

LM35

MICROCONTROLLER
The AT89S52 is a low-power, high-performance CMOS 8-bit microcontroller with 8K bytes of in-system programmable Flash memory.

POWER SUPPLY
FULL WAVE RECTIFIER

INTERFACING THE LCD WITH THE MICROCONTROLLERS

INTERFACING OF A ADC0804 WITH A 8051 MICROCONTROLLER

CIRCUIT DIAGRAM-1

PCB NO.2 COUNTER AND TIMER CIRCUIT

COMPONENTS
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. IR Transmitter Module IR Receiver Module IC 555 Up down Counter Seven Segment Display Seven Segment decoder 4 Bit Comparator Relay

PCB-2 BLOCK DIAGRAM

WORKING OF PCB-2
Infrared receiver module is used to receive the infrared signal transmitted by transmitter. In this project we use two infra red sensors. Both connected in the door. Two photodiodes are also connected to the receiver circuit to detect the infra red signal. Both the infra red sensor is connected to the IC 555 as a monostable timer In attach with the sensor and 555 we use one up down counter circuit. Up down counter increment and decrement the input pulses and display it on the seven segment display. One logic circuit to compare the total number of person in the room is also involved in this project. For this purpose we use ic 7485 4 bit binary comparator to compare the total number of person in the room. One relay driver circuit to interface the main lights or fan with this unit. Relay provide a high voltage to the fan and lights for proper working

PCB-2 DESPRIPTION OF COMPONENTS

INFRA RED SENSOR

IC 555
The 555 timer IC is an integrated circuit (chip) used in a variety of timer, pulse generation, and oscillator applications. The 555 can be used to provide time delays, as an oscillator and as a flip-flop element. Derivatives provide up to four timing circuits in one package. In this circuit it works as monostable.

MONOSTABLE MODE
In this mode, the 555 functions as a "one-shot" pulse generator

IC 555

UP/DOWN COUNTER
A counter that can change state in either direction, under the control of an up/down selector input, is known as an up/down counter. When the selector is in the up state, the counter increments its value. When the selector is in the down state, the counter decrements the count. PIN CONFIGURATION IC555 WITH 74192

7447 WITH SSD

PCB-2 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

PCB-3
SPEED REGULATOR CIRCUIT
In this project we have used a DC6V Motor, in order to control its speed based on the number of occupants, We change the armature current by changing the armature voltage. The up/down counter in PCB-2 is connected to a 4-bit magnitude comparator and in turn connected to a another a-bit comparator. It compare the counter values a gives voltage to ic358 accordingly.

COMPONENTS 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7485 Magnitude comparator 358 dual op-amp Transistor Resistors LED Capacitors

BLOCK DIAGRAM OF PCB-3

DESPRIPTION OF COMPONENTS 7485 Magnitude Comparator

DESCRIPTION The 74F85 is a 4-bit magnitude comparator that can be expanded to almost any length. It compares two 4-bit binary, BCD, or other monotonic codes and presents the three possible magnitude results at the outputs. The 4-bit inputs are weighted (A0A3) and (B0B3) where A3 and B3 are the most significant bits.

OP-AMP IC
Features
1. Available in 8-Bump micro SMD chip sized package, 2. Internally frequency compensated for unity gain 3. Large dc voltage gain: 100 dB 4. Wide bandwidth (unity gain): 1 MHz (temperature compensated) 5. Wide power supply range: Single supply:3V to 32V:dual supplies:1.5V to 16V 6. Very low supply current drain (500 A)essentially independent of supply 7. Low input offset voltage: 2 mV 8. Input common-mode voltage range includes ground 9. Differential input voltage range equal to the power supply voltage 10. Large output voltage swing

PCB-3 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM

THANK YOU
There is neither this world nor the world beyond nor happiness for the one who doubts. -BHAGAVAD GITA