INTEGRATED CIRCUIT APPLICATIONS (ICA)

Presented by Nagaraja Kumar Pateti

CONTENTS
INTEGRATED CIRCUITS OP AMP OP-AMP APPLICATIONS ACTIVE FILTERS DATA CONVERTERS
o ANALOG TO DIGITAL CONVERTERS o DIGITAL TO ANALOG CONVERTERS

DIGITAL INTEGRATED CIRCUITS LOGIC FAMILIES COMBINATIONAL CIRCUITS ICs SEQUENTIAL CIRCUIT ICs

INTEGRATED CIRCUIT (IC)

IC is a miniature, low cost, hi speed electronic device consisting of both active and passive elements joined irreparably on a single crystal of silicon
Size

Cost Power Reliability Speed Accuracy Weight

IC CLASSIFICATION
BASED ON OPERATION Digital IC Analog IC BASED ON FABRICATION Monolithic IC Hybrid IC
BASED ON COMPLEXITY SSI MSI LSI VLSI ULSI GSI

Operational Amplifier (OP-AMP)

Positive Power supply Non- Inverting terminal Inverting terminal

Negative Power supply

An operational amplifier (op-amp) is a DC-coupled highgain electronic voltage amplifier with a differential input

LM 741 Pin Configuration

Ideal OP-AMP Characteristics Open Loop Gain AOL Input resistance Output resistance

Bandwidth
DC offset

Modes Of Operation
Inverting Mode

Non - Inverting Mode

Differential Mode

 The Gain with which the Differential amplifier amplifies the difference between the two input signals is called as the differential gain

Ideal Case
If V1=V2 then the difference in input voltages is V1-V2 =0

Practical Case

Common Mode Rejection Ratio (CMRR) CMRR is the ability of a differential amplifier to reject a common mode signal . It is defined as the ratio of the differential voltage gain Ad to the common mode voltage gain Ac.

Practical Op- Amp Characteristics

DC Characteristics

Input Bias Current Input Offset Current Input Offset Voltage Total Output Offset Voltage Thermal drift

AC Characteristics

SLEW RATE Frequency Response

It is defined as the average of the currents entering into the inverting and non inverting terminals of an OP-AMP Typical value is 500nA

It is defined as the algebraic difference of the currents entering into the inverting and non inverting terminals of an OP-AMP Typical value is 200nA

It is defined as the voltage to be applied at the input terminals of an OP-AMP to nullify the output Typical value is 6mV

It is defined as the offset voltage produced at the output of an OPAMP due to the input bias current or input offset voltage

Thermal Drift

It is defined as the average rate of change of the parameter per unit change in temperature

SLEW RATE

OP-AMP IC 741 Features

High Input Voltage range

Offset voltage Nullify capability

Short circuit protection

Excellent temperature stability

It is a Monolithic IC

Useful for feedback amplifications

Available in all the packages

OP-AMP Applications
ADDER SUBTRACTOR AC AMPLIFIER DIFFERENTIATOR INTEGRATOR

V TO I CONVERTER
I TO V CONVERTER

SAMPLE AND HOLD

SCHMITT TRIGGER

MULTIVIBRATORS
VOLTAGE REGULATORS

OP-AMP ADDER

OP-AMP subtractor

OP-AMP Differentiator

The output voltage of the differentiator is proportional to the derivative of the input voltage

OP-AMP Integrator

The output voltage of the Integrator is proportional to the Integral of the input voltage

OP-AMP AC Amplifier

An AC Amplifier blocks the DC signals and amplifies the AC signal Capacitor used in the input side blocks the DC signals

OP-AMP Schmitt trigger

OP-AMP Multivibrators

Voltage Regulators