India @ 75

C.K. Prahalad
Paul and Ruth McCracken Distinguished University
Professor
The University Of Michigan
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My Vision for India @ 75
Actively Shape the Emerging World
Order

Through

Economic Strength
Technological Vitality
Moral Leadership
The Potential of India
 What India can be in 2022
1. World’s largest Pool of Trained Manpower:
200 million college graduates (16%)
500 million trained, skilled workforce (40%)
Universal literacy
Education : Stretch that allows us to innovate
2. World’s Leaders in Industry and Commerce
30 of Fortune 100 from India
25% of yester years we have lost
3. India Accounts for 10% of World Trade
A broad scope of products and services
4. India as a Source of Global Innovations
New Businesses , New Forms of Organization, New Technologies
 What India can be in 2022
5. Focus on the Bottom of the Pyramid as a
Source of Innovations for the World
(Leaders in Health, Education, Energy, Transportation, Sustainable
Development for all)
6. A Flowering of Art, Literature, and Science
( 10 Nobel Prize Winners from India)
7. A New Moral Voice for People Around the World
India as a country where Universality and Inclusiveness is widely
practiced. India becomes the most Benchmarked country for its
capacity to accept and benefit from its diversity
 Principle Number #1
The Essence of Entrepreneurial
Transformation

Situation A Situation B

Resources Low High

Aspirations High Low
Principle Number #2: “Fold the
Future In”
Extrapolation
2 Budgeting
Orientation
007

Fold the Future in

Innovation
Orientation
Principle Number #2: “Fold the
Future In”

2
007

vClarity to Direction
vWillingness to Discover
vClear Milestones
vSpeed and Stamina:
400 meters at a time but a
Marathon
Principle #3: Focus on Next
Practices

Well Known Best Next

Practices Practices Practices

Amplify
Weak Signals
Focus on Here and Now:
Tactical , Blocking and Tackling

Focus on New Opportunities:

Aspiration > Resources
Folding the Future in,
Focus on Next Practices
Thinking Differently about the Here and Now
 India: Potential Vs. Reality
1. Incrementalism will not work. We need a Radical
Rethink of Policies and Practices
2. Key to becoming a Developed Nation :
Shared Commitment to Goals
Creativity and Innovation
Focus on Entrpreneurship
3. The essence of Entrepreneurship
Aspiration > Resources
The Emerging Context:
2005 – 2017/22
 Agenda for the Session :
1. The Emerging Issues : 2007 – 2022
a. Abject Poverty to Income Inequality
b. Income levels to Life Style Measures
c. Unique needs to Universality of Aspirations
d. Affordability to BOP to impact on Price-Perf.
e. Low Tech. to Universal Access to High Tech.
f. From BOP to “ Straddle the Pyramid”
g. Provisioning Products and Jobs to Environment

2. The Emergence of a New Model of Development?

The Paradox of Rapid Economic
Development.

Rapid
Increasing
Movement of
Income
people away
Inequalities
from Abject
(e.g. G – Coeff.)
Poverty
($1 / Day)
China
China
India
India
The Emergence of Social Tensions
Measures of Inequality:
Gini coefficient
 Inclusive Growth Means…
1. Elimination of Abject Poverty ( $ 1 / day?)
2. Reducing Income Inequalities ( G- coeff.?)
3. Eliminating Unequal access to opportunities
4. Changing Life Style inequalities
5. Reducing inequalities in Choice
6. Reducing inequalities in Share of Voice
 Inclusive Growth Means…
1. Elimination of Abject Poverty ( $ 1 / day?)
2. Reducing Income Inequalities ( G- coeff.?)
3. Eliminating Unequal access to opportunities
4. Changing Life Style inequalities
5. Reducing inequalities in Choice
6. Reducing inequalities in Share of Voice

Redistribution of Wealth Vs. Wealth

Creation ?
Public Policy Focus Vs. Entrepreneurship/
 The Changing Value
Equation
Rich

Price Middle
class

BOP

Performance (Functional +
Emotional)
 The Changing Value
Equation
$ 30 Cataract Surgery
$ 35 DVD Player
$ 30 Cell Phone
$0.01 Shampoo in a sachet
$ 2000 car
$ 20 hotel Room

Rich

Price Middle
class
BOP
Performance (Functional +
What are the Implications…

BOP Market Straddle the

New Price Pyramid?
Perf. Levels
for All Access to
High Tech for
all
Explosive
Growth in
Market Size, Environmenta
Scale of l Demands.
Operations.
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