Produccin Petrolera III

CARRERA DE INGENIERA PETROLERA

Produccin Petrolera III

Gestin II - 2009

Produccin Petrolera III

Captulo 6

Levantamiento Artificial - Sistema de Plunger Lift -

Produccin Petrolera III

Gestin II - 2009

Plunger Lift

Generalidades

Introduccin
Descripcin

Solar Panel Controller Lubricator Catcher

Permite levantar la columna de lquido de un pozo utilizando su propio gas libre como energa. Mediante un controlador de superficie permite trabajar con la diferencial de presin del gas producido para generar la presin que requiere el plunger (pistn viajero) para levantar la columna acumulada por encima de l.

Dual T Pad Plunger

Bumper Spring

Produccin Petrolera III

Gestin II - 2009

Plunger Lift

Generalidades

Ventajas

Permite mejorar la produccin en pozos con problemas de emulsin. Mejora la produccin en pozos con altas relaciones gas/lquido. Permite la contnua limpieza de las paredes internas de la Tubera de produccin en pozos con problemas de parafina. No requiere de equipos de intervencin para su instalacin.

Solar Panel Controller Lubricator Catcher

Dual T Pad Plunger

Bumper Spring

Produccin Petrolera III

Gestin II - 2009

Plunger Lift

Generalidades
(cont.)
Solar Panel Controller Lubricator Catcher

Ventajas

Solo requiere de un equipo de slickline para su instalacin. Mantiene el pozo libre de depsitos de parafina. Fcil mantenimiento. Sistema de implementacin muy econmica. Buen rendimiento en pozos desviados. Aplicable en pozos gasferos con altos cortes de agua.

Dual T Pad Plunger

Bumper Spring

Produccin Petrolera III

Gestin II - 2009

Plunger Lift

Generalidades

Limitaciones

De acuerdo a la GLR de pozo: - < 400 SCF/Bbl/1000 ft, el sistema no necesita PCK - > 400 SCF/Bbl/1000 ft, el sistema necesita PCK Potencial de produccin relativamente bajo (200 BPD). Fcilmente afectado por slidos asociados con la produccin.

Solar Panel Controller Lubricator Catcher

Dual T Pad Plunger

Bumper Spring

Produccin Petrolera III

Gestin II - 2009

Types of Wells Needing Plunger Lift

Intermitted Soaped

Shut-in and blown

Gas-locking pumping wells Flowing wells with wide differentials between tubing and casing Remove solids buildup (paraffin) High line pressure (Variations) Gas lift Velocity strings
Gestin II - 2009

Produccin Petrolera III

Theory of Plunger Lift: Operation

Plunger lift: method of artificial lift that uses wells gas energy as the prime mover of liquids that have caused loading
1. 2.

3. 4. 5.

6.

Plunger acts as interface between liquids and gas energy. When surface control parameters are met, sales valve opens and exhausts pressure to create differential pressure across plunger. Differential pressure then lifts liquids and plunger to surface. Sensors record plungers arrival, sales time starts. When sales time parameters are met, surface valve closes; plunger goes to off cycle and falls. Cycle is repeated.

Produccin Petrolera III

Gestin II - 2009

Tubing Placement

Tubing too high keeps fluid on the formation and additional back pressure. Tubing too deep can give the possibility of fluid on the back side before a cycle and making it necessary to have the gas push the fluid around and the plunger generally wont move until the gas has reached the plunger. Getting the gas off the bottom zone may require another form of lift.
Gestin II - 2009

Produccin Petrolera III

Plunger Lift Application

Produccin Petrolera III

Gestin II - 2009

10

Tubing Pressure

Tubing pressure (TP) relevant point of measure in almost every form of artificial lift TP measured to indicate real-time flowing and shut-in conditions TP subtracted from the CP to calculate hydrostatic fluid column pressure Plunger lift shut-in cycle TP can be used to initiate open cycle to try to lift a plunger and its fluid column to surface
When the annulus is not communicated (PKT set) When production tubing is cemented in (slim hole) When TP exceeds fluctuating line pressure by a sufficient amount

Produccin Petrolera III

Gestin II - 2009

11

Casing Pressure

Casing pressure (CP) used as direct indicator of bottomhole pressure (BHP)

Used in calculation of
Hydrostatic fluid column in tubing Lift capabilities BHP

Plunger lift shut-in cycle

CP can be used to initiate an open cycle to try to lift plunger and fluid column to surface When tubing placed too deep into perforation When CP exceeds fluctuating line pressure by sufficient amount

Produccin Petrolera III

Gestin II - 2009

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