SPAN OF CONTROL

PRESENTED BY: IPSITA SANTOSH ABHIJIT AMIT

Structuring an Organization Comprises:

Division of Labor Team Tasks Assigning Establishing

Procedures

Responsibility/ Authority Accountability

Allocating

Resources

Fayols Principles of Organization

Unity of Command Order

Hierarchy of Authority
Division of Labor Subordination of

Equity
Esprit de Corps

Individual Interest to the General Interest

Authority Degree of Centralization Clear Communication

Channels

Webers Organizational Principles

Job Descriptions

Written Rules
Procedures, Regulations, Policies Staffing/Promotions Based on Qualifications

Organizational Structures

Tall Organizations

Flat Organizations
Current Trend Creation of Teams Broad Span of Control

Many Layers of Management

High Cost of Management Narrow Span of Control

Span of Control - Narrow

Advantages
More Control by Top

Disadvantages

Higher Costs
Delayed Decision

Management

Making

More Chances for

Advancement

Less Responsiveness

to Customers

Greater Specialization Closer Supervision Less Empowerment

Span of Control - Broad

Advantages
Reduced Costs

Disadvantages
Fewer Chances for

Advancement

More Responsiveness Overworked Managers

to Customers
Making

Faster Decision More Empowerment

Loss of Control
Less Management

Expertise

Departmentalization
By Product By Function By Customer Group By Geographic Location By Process

Line Organizations Disadvantages Advantages Inflexible Clear Authority & Few Specialists Responsibility for Advice Easy to Long Line of Understand Communication One Supervisor Difficult to Handle Per Employee Complex Decisions

Matrix Organizations

Matrix Organizations
Advantages

Disadvantages

Flexibility
Cooperation & Teamwork

Costly/Complex
Confusion in Loyalty Requires Good Interpersonal Skills & Cooperation Not Permanent

Creativity
More Efficient Use of Resources

Important Conditions for Small Teams

Clear Purpose Clear Goals Correct Skills Mutual Accountability Shift Roles When Appropriate

Networking

Real Time Transparency Virtual Corporations

A Virtual Corporation

Layers of Authority-Traditional
Top Managers- Decision Makers

Middle ManagersDevelops Rules & Procedures

Workers and Supervisors

Inverted Organization Structure