OCCUPATIONAL

HEALTH
“Prevention is better than cure”
Presented by-
CHANDAN SARKAR
HOSPITAL MANAGEMENT
(005)
07161030
 WHAT IS OH ?
“Occupational health should be aim at
the promotion & maintenance of the
highest degree of physical mental &
social well being of workers in all
occupations.”
-The joint ILO/WHO committee on
occupational health, in the course of its
first session held in 1950, gave the
definition.
 ERGONOMICS
It is now a well recognized discipline & an
integral part of any advanced occupational
health service. It simply means ” fitting
the job to the worker.”
Ergonomics comes from the Greek words
‘ERGON’ means work & ‘NOMOS’ means
law.
The objective of ergonomics is ‘To
achieve the best mutual adjustment
of man and his work.’ For the
improvement of human efficiency.
 Occupational
Environment
By occupational environment it meant the sum of
external conditions & influences which prevail at
the place of work & which have a learning on the
health of the working population.
There are three types of interaction in a working
environment-

1.Man & physical, chemical,&

biological agents.
2.man & machine.
3.man & man.
 Occupational Hazards
All industrials worker may be exposed to
five types of hazards, depending upon his
occupations-

1.Physical hazards.
2.Chemical hazards.
3.Biolozical hazards.
4.Mechanical hazards.
5.Psychosocial hazards.
 MAIN TWO HAZARDS
PHYSICAL CHEMICAL
HAZARDS---- HAZARDS----
1.Heat & cold. 1.Inhalation.
2.Light. 2.Dust with
3.Noise. chemicals.
4.Vibration. 3.Gases.
5.Ultraviolet 4.Metals & their
radiation. compounds.
etc. etc.
DISEASES DUE TO PHYSICAL
AGENTS
HEAT-heat hyperpyrexia, heat
cramps, burns.
LIGHT-Occupational cataract,
NOISE-Occupational deafness.
RADIATION-Cancer, Leukaemia,
Anaemia.
MECHANICAL-Injuries, Accidients.
ELECTRICITY-BURNS.
 DISEASES DUE TO
CHEMICAL AGENTS
DUSTS-
1.COAL DUST-Anthracosis.
2.IRON-Siderosis
3.ASBESTOS-Asbestosis,Lung cancer.
4.SILICA-Silicosis.
METALS & THEIR COMPOUNDS-
1.Toxic hazard from lead,mercury,cadmium
etc.
CHEMICALS-
Acids,pesticides,Alkalies etc.
 OCCUPATIONAL CANCER
1.SKIN CANCER- It is found that 75% of
occupation cancer are skin cancer .Its
caused by X-RAYS,CERTAIN OILS,PITCH
ETC.
2.LUNG CANCER-Lung cancer is a hazard
in gas industries,Arsenic roasting plants
etc.
3.CANCER BLADDER- It was noted in
ANILINE INDUSTRY,RUBBER
INDUSTRY.It was cased by AROMATIC
AMINES.
CONTROL THE INDUSTRIAL
CANCER
Well designed building for
machineries.
Closed system of production.
Medical examination.
Inspection of factories.
Education of workers and
management also.
Research.
 ACCIDENTS IN INDUSTRY
a. Human factors :
2.Physicals factors.
3.Physiological factors.
4.Psychological factors.
b. Environmental factors :
6.Temperature.
7.Humidity.
8.Noise and unsafe machines.
PREVENTION OF ACCIDENTS
1. Adequate preplacement examination.
2. Adequate job training.
3. Continuing education.
4. Ensuring safe working environment under
safety engineers.
5. Periodic surveys for finding out hazards.
6. Careful reporting and maintenance of
records.
 PREVENTION OF
OCCUPATIONAL DISEASES
a. Medical measures :
2. Preplacement examination.
3. Periodical examination.
4. Medical and health care services.
5. Notification.
6. Inspection of working environment.
7. Maintenance & analysis of records.
8. Health education & counselling.
b. Engineering measures :
1.Design of buildings.
2.Good house keeping.
3.General ventilation.
4.Replacement of harmful materials.
5.Dust control.
6.Local exhaust ventilation.
7.Environmental monitoring.
8.Reserch.
c. Legislation :
1.The factories act 1948.
2.The employees state insurance act
1948.
 Thank
You