INTRODUCTION

Health service organization, on every level, attempts to control disease and to find and eradicate those factors, which favor the prevalence of disease in the community. India is a Union of 29 States and 6 Union territories. Under the Constitution of India, the States are largely independent in matters relating to the delivery of health care to the people. Each State, therefore, has developed its own system of health care delivery, independent of the Central Government.

DEFINITION

Health service organizations are governmental agencies whose purpose is to improve the physical, mental and social well being of people. It aims at prevention of disease, preservation and promotion of health through organized community efforts.

CLASSIFICATION OF HEALTH ORGANIZATION OF NATION

Health organisations at centre level Health organization at state level Health organization at local level

AT THE CENTRE

The Central responsibility consists mainly of policy making, planning, guiding, assisting, evaluating, and coordinating the work of the State Health Ministries, so that health services cover every part of the country, and no State lags behind for want of these services. The health system in India has 3 main links, i.e., Central, State and Local or peripheral. The official "organs" of the health system at the national level consist of: Union Ministry of Health and Family Welfare; The Directorate General of Health Services; and The Central! Council of Health and Family Welfare.

1.UNION MINISTRY OF HEALTH & FAMILY WELFARE

Union Cabinet Ministry of Health & Family Welfare

Minister of State

Deputy Health Minister

Department of health

Department of Family Welfare

Secretary of Health (Head)

Secretary of Family Welfare (Head)

Joint Secretary of Health (Assistant)

Joint Secretary of Family Welfare (Assistant)

Deputy Secretary of Health

Deputy Secretary of Family Welfare

Administrative Staff

Administrative Staff

2. Directorate General of Health Services

Directorate General of Health Services (DGHS)

Medical care & Hospital

Additional Directorate G.H.S.

Public Health

General Administration
Additional Directorate G.H.S.

Additional Directorate G.H.S.

Deputy Directorate G.H.S.

Deputy Directorate G.H.S.

Deputy Directorate G.H.S.

Administrative Staff

Administrative Staff

Administrative Staff

3. CENTRAL COUNCIL OF HEALTH

CENTRAL COUNCIL OF HEALTH
Policy Making, Legislation, Department of Family welfare Commissioner Regional Directors Joint Secretary Deputy Secretary

Administrative

I. Union Ministry of Health and Family Welfare

FUNCTIONS The functions of the Union Health Ministry are set out in the seventh schedule of Article 246 of the Constitution of India under a) The Union list and b) The Concurrent list. Union list: The functions given in the Union list are: 1. International health relations and administration of port quarantine 2. Administration of central institutes such as the All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health, Kolkata, National Institute for the Control of Communicable Diseases, Delhi, etc. 3. Promotion of research through research centers and other bodies

4. Regulation and development of medical, pharmaceutical, dental and nursing professions 5. Establishment and maintenance of drug standards 6. Census, and collection and publication of other statistical data 7. Immigration and emigration 8. Regulation of labour in the working of mines and oil fields and 9. Coordination with States and with other ministries for promotion of health.

b. Concurrent list
The functions listed under the concurrent list are the responsibility of both the Union and State governments. Prevention of extension of communicable diseases from one unit to another 1. Prevention of adulteration of foodstuffs 2. Control of drugs and poisons 3. Vital Statistics 4. Labour welfare 5. Economic and social planning, and 6. Population control and Family Planning.

II. Directorate General of Health Services

FUNCTIONS: The GENERAL functions are surveys, planning, coordination, programming and appraisal of all health matters in the country. The SPECIFIC functions are: (1) International health relations and quarantine: All the major ports in the country (Kolkata, Visakhapatnam, Chennai. Cochin, Mumbai, Kandla) and international air ports (Mumbai-Santa Cruz, Kolkata-Dum Dum, Chennai - Meenambakkam, Tiruchirapaili, Delhi-Palam) are directly controlled by the Directorate General of Health Services. The Directorate General of Health Services undertakes all matters relating to the obtaining of assistance from International agencies and the coordination of their activities in the country.

(2) Control of drug standards: The Drugs Control Organization is part of the Directorate General of Health Services, and is headed by the Drugs Controller. Its primary function is to lay down and enforce standards and control the manufacture and distribution of drugs through both Central and State Government Officers. The Drugs Act (1940) vests the Central Government with the powers to test the quality of imported drugs. (3) Medical store depots: The Union Government runs medical store depots at Mumbai, Chennai, Kolkata, Karnal, Gauhati and Hyderabed. These depots supply the civil medical requirements of the Central Government and of the various State Governments. These depots also handle supplies from foreign agencies. The Medical Stores Organization endeavors to ensure the highest quality, cheaper bargain and prompt supplies.

(4) Post graduate training: The Directorate General of Health Services is responsible for the administration of national institutes, which also provide postgraduate training to different categories of health personnel. Some of these institutes are : - the All India Institute of Hygiene and Public Health at Kolkata, All India Institute of Mental Health at Bangalore, College of Nursing at Delhi, National Tuberculosis Institute at Bangalore, National Institute of Communicable Diseases at Delhi, Central Research Institute at Kasauli, National Institute of Health and Family Welfare at Delhi, etc. (5) Medical education: The Central Directorate is directly in charge of the following medical colleges in India: the Lady Harding, the Maulana Azad and the medical colleges at Pond cherry, and Goa. Besides these, there are many medical colleges in the country, which are guided and supported by the Centre.

(6) Medical Research: Medical Research in the country is organized largely through the Indian Council of Medical Research, founded in 1911 in New Delhi. The Council plays a significant role in aiding, promoting and coordinating scientific research on human diseases, their causation, prevention and cure. The research work is done through the Council's several permanent research institutes, research units, field surveys and a large number of ad-hoc research enquiries financed by the Council. It maintains Cancer Research Centre. Tuberculosis Chemotherapy Centre at Chennai, Virus Research Centre at Poona, National Institute of Nutrition at Hyderabed and Blood Group Reference Centre at Mumbai. The funds of the Council are wholly derived from the budget of the Union Ministry of Health. (7) National Health Programmes: The various national health programmes for the eradication of malaria and for the control of tuberculosis, filarial, leprosy, AIDS and other communicable diseases involve expenditure of crores of rupees. Health programmes of this kind can hardly succeed without the help of the Central Government. The Central Directorate plays a very important part in planning, guiding and coordinating all the national health programmes in the country.

(8) Central Health Education Bureau: An outstanding activity of this Bureau is the preparation of education material for creating health awareness among the people. The Bureau offers training courses in health education to different categories of health workers. (9) Health Intelligence: The Central Bureau of Health Intelligence was established in 1961 to centralize collection, compilation, analysis, evaluation and dissemination of all information on health statistics for the nation as a whole. It disseminates epidemic intelligence to States and international bodies. The Bureau has an Epidemiological Unit, a Health Economics Unit, a National Morbidity Survey Unit and a Manpower Cell.
(10) National Medical Library: The Central Medical Library of the Directorate General Health Services was declared the National Medical Library in 1966. The aim is to help in the advancement of medical, health and related sciences by collection, dissemination and exchange of information.

III. CENTRAL COUNCIL OF HEALTH

FUNCTIONS: The functions of the Central Council of Health are: 1. To consider and recommend broad outlines of policy in regard to matters concerning health in all its aspects such as the provision of remedial and preventive care, environmental hygiene, nutrition, health education and the promotion of facilities for training and research. 2. To make proposals for legislation in fields of activity relating to medical and public health matters and to lay down the pattern of development for the country as a whole. 3. To establish any organization or organizations invested with appropriate functions for promoting and maintaining cooperation between the Central and State Health