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RWANDAN GENOCIDE

Juan Manuel Lucena Mario Rangel Lugo Grupo 502

Rwanda
Located in Central Africa Has borders with Uganda, Tanzania, Burundi and the

Democratic Republic of the Congo


Gained independence from Belgium in 1962
The capital of the country is Kigali Official languages are English, French and Kinyarwanda Ethnic Groups: 84% Hutu, 15% Tutsi and 1% Twa

Rwanda Foreign Politics


Member of various organizations including the United Nations, African

Union, Commonwealth of Nations and East African Union


Has diplomatic missions of various countries including China, Russia,

Canada, Egypt, Libya and other European nations


It has a border dispute with Burundi due to river course change since

the border was delimited


In 1998 Rwanda invaded the Democratic Republic of the Congo to

back a group of rebels that wanted to overthrown the government; relations were reestablished in 2009
China is the main foreign investor of the country and has established

multimillionaire projects to help the country go forward.

Economy of Rwanda
Main Industries: cement, agricultural products, small-scale

beverages, soap, furniture, shoes, plastic goods, textile and cigarettes


Main trade partners are Kenya, China, Malaysia, Congo,

United States and Swaziland


China has been investing heavily in the country and it is

the biggest investor it has with almost 56 official projects

Rwandan Genocide
Was a genocide that targeted the Tutsi population during

1994
It was perpetrated by the Hutu government The Hutu government was backed by the francophone

African countries and also France


Thanks to the Rwandan Genocide the International

Criminal Court was created by the United Nations

Background
Before colonization a Tutsi regime controlled most of

Rwanda, but by 1962 a Hutu rebellion got rid of the Tutsi regime
Hutus placed a regime that persecuted former Tutsis that

where on power during the Belgian colonialism


In 1972 a Hutu rebellion killed several Tutsis that lived in

Burundi

The Genocide
The total number of killed people is between 800.000 and

1.000.000
The genocide was sparked when the plane carrying the

Rwandan and Burundian president was shot down alleged by Tutsi rebels
It is called the Machete War because most of the killings were

doe with machetes due to the low cost of acquiring them


It was a gender targeted genocide, they targeted women. They

raped them and infected them with HIV so the future generations of Tutsis would be weaker

The International responce


Canada:
The peace mission that was sent to Rwanda was poorly equipped

and prepared to help in the situation of Rwanda.


They were denied the reinforcements after the plane was shot

down and the genocide started


They had strict orders to not intervene n any action and could only

act in self defense

Belgium
It was the last colonial power that ruled over Rwanda and kept

some soldiers that formed the United Nations Assistance Mission of Rwanda
Belgium played a key role in the segregation of the Hutu and Tutsi

by keeping them separated and also identifying them in a different way


Belgium was the first country that warned about the existence of a

possible genocide and ask for a bigger task force to be deployed in the country
Belgium compromised itself to help Rwanda get over the genocide

and they keep strong diplomatic relations

China
They took a big part in the genocide by selling weapons to

the Hutu regime


On the other hand they also helped the Tutsi with

humanitarian action after the genocide


Now a days the Chinese government is the biggest

investor in the country and is helping the community

France
France openly supported the Hutu regime. They sold guns and other military equipment to this regime The French government backed the escape of the Hutu regime

and it even gave them political asylum


French troops had the order to not take part of confrontation

between Tutsis and Hutus unless they were attacked


After the genocide the political relations between the two

countries where broken, but since 2009 they have been resumed

United States
After what happened in Somalia the government of the

United States refused to supply Rwanda with humanitarian aid or any other kind of intervention
The government saw the civil war as an internal affair that

they shouldnt take part of


During the months that the genocide took over the

government never referred to the incidents as a genocide because that would be a statement that they knew what was happening

The United Nations


The UN accepted that they failed to prevent the genocide

by not taking it with the importance the matter needed


The UN failed to place a task force to take over the matter

and the orders to not involve in the clashes between the Hutus and Tutsis was a major part of how the genocide took part

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