Created By: Chasity Dailey Intro. to Special Education Professor Lara A.A.C.

C Fall 2013

 Learn

what Epilepsy is Learn the symptoms Causes Two groups that seizures are generally described in Information to get help

http://youtu.be/FLi6_DDVIgg

Epilepsy is a neurological condition, which affects the nervous system. Epilepsy is also known as a seizure disorder. It is usually diagnosed after a person has had at least two seizures that were not caused by some known medical condition like alcohol withdrawal or extremely low blood sugar. Sometimes, according to the International League Against Epilepsy, epilepsy can be diagnosed after one seizure, if a person has a condition that places them at high risk for having another.

Short attention blackouts, dazed behavior, memory gaps, mumbling or no response Sudden falls, frequent stumbling or unusual clumsiness Repeated, unusual movements such as head nodding or rapid blinking Sudden stomach pain followed by confusion and sleepiness Unusual sleepiness and irritability when woken up

 Frequent

complaints that things look, sound, taste, and smell or feel "funny" Sudden, repeated fear or anger Clusters of (repeated) "jackknife" movements by babies who are sitting down Clusters of grabbing movements with both arms in babies lying on their backs Note: It's important to remember that many of these signs are normal childhood behavior. However, if they happen often and seem unusual, it's worth mentioning to a doctor.

 The

causes of epilepsy can be divided into two groups: brain injuries and chemical imbalances in the brain. Anything that injures the brain can lead to seizures. But in over half the cases no cause can be identified. Common chemical imbalances that can produce seizures include drugs like alcohol, cocaine and others, low blood sugar, low oxygen, low blood sodium or low blood calcium. Kidney failure or liver failure can also produce seizures

 Although

these disorders and injuries can explain many cases of epilepsy, often the cause of epilepsy remain idiopathic meaning known. About half the time no cause for seizure can be identified. Genetics or heredity is most relevant to generalized seizures, including absence, generalized tonic-clonic and myoclonic seizures Defects in genes don't directly lead to epilepsy, but they can alter the excitability of brain in a way to predispose to the seizures

 Epilepsy

develops because of multiple gene abnormalities or because of a gene abnormality in concert with an environmental trigger.

Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (IDEA) - All children shall receive a free and appropriate public education. The Americans with Disabilities Act was enacted to prohibit disability-based discrimination. Many provisions of the ADA have particular impact on people with epilepsy, including inclusion for safety-sensitive jobs and reasonable accommodation.

 45,000

children under the age of 15 develop epilepsy each year. Approximately 200,000 new cases of seizures and epilepsy occur each year. Incidence is highest under the age of 2 and over 65. Epilepsy and seizures affect nearly 3 million Americans of all ages

Incidence is greater in African American and socially disadvantaged populations Males are slightly more likely to develop epilepsy than females 50 percent of people with new cases of epilepsy will have generalized onset seizures.

Approximately 9 percent of children with epilepsy have IQ's below 70, a percentage that is three times greater than in the general population. Many of them are found to be significantly behind their peers in academic achievement levels, ranging from 16 percent below grade in reading to 50 percent in general knowledge.

Teacher attitude is an important factor in a child's social adjustment at school; programs for the school community form an important part of most Epilepsy Foundation programs in local areas. Such programs generally focus on teacher awareness of seizure symptoms, seizure management and full integration of the child within the community. School nurses also play an important role in the management of the child with epilepsy at school, especially in dispensing of antiepileptic medication during the school day, and in educating the rest of the school community about epilepsy.

Absence seizures Atypical absence seizures Myoclonic seizures Atonic seizures Tonic seizures Clonic seizures Tonic-clonic seizures

Simple partial seizures Complex partial seizures Secondarily generalized seizures

Primary generalized seizures:

Partial Seizures:

Epilepsy Foundation 8301 Professional Place Landover, MD 20785-2353 Telephone: 1-800-332-1000 www.epilepsyfoundation.org Abilities Network 8503 LaSalle Road. Towson, Maryland,21286 Main 410.828.7700 www.abilitiesnetwork.org

Kennedy Krieger Institute/ Neurology and Neurogenetics Clinic 801 N. Broadway, Baltimore, Md. 21205 Case Management Office 888-544-2080/443-9239400 www.kennedykrieger.org

Epilepsy Foundation (1996-2011).Retrieved from: http://www.epilepsyfoundation.org/aboutepilepsy /whatisepilepsy/statistics.cfm Epilepsy.com (2013).Retrieved from: https://www.epilepsy.com/epilepsy/types_seizure s NYU Medical Langone Medical Center (2011).Retrieved from: http://epilepsy.med.nyu.edu/treatment Standford Epilepsy Center (2013). Received from: http://neurology.stanford.edu/epilepsy/patientca re/videos/e_05.html

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Seizures are generally described in two groups. Name the two groups? Females are slightly more likely to develop epilepsy than males. True/False Epilepsy is a neurological condition. True/False Incidence is highest under the age of 2 and over 45. True of False