Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Health Map
Natural spaces General health Mental health Blood pressure Cholesterol Stress & anxiety Recovery rates
Safety and incivilities General health Obesity Physical activity Social contact
Floods Respiratory illness Stomach upsets Blood pressure Mixed land use Psychological well-being Obesity Social contact Physical activity
OUTDOOR ENVIRONMENT
Noise Heart disease Hearing impairment Mental health Reading abilities in children
Challenges to health
Healthy life expectancy Health inequalities are increasing - Since 1995-97, the gap in life
expectancy between the England average and the poorest areas has increased by 2% for males and 11% for females.
Years spent in poor health Healthy Life E xpectancy
80
10.6
70
10.1
60
64.4
50
66.7
69.9
Years
40
30
20
10
Challenges to health
Incidence of certain diseases are increasing: Mental illness - In Great Britain,
mental health disorders affect about 1 in 6 of the adult population
Obesity
>1 billion/annum
>3.7 billion/annum
Diabetes
1.3 billion/annum
Unknown
Safety and incivilities General health Obesity Physical activity Social contact
Floods Respiratory illness Stomach upsets Blood pressure Psychological Mixed land use well-being Obesity Social contact Physical activity
OUTDOOR ENVIRONMENT
Noise Heart disease Hearing impairment Mental health Reading abilities in children Street design Physical activity Obesity
Natural spaces
People with access to nearby nature are generally healthier than those without
Contact with nature impacts positively on blood pressure, cholesterol, outlook on life, stress reduction and child development
The more greenspace there is in a persons residential area, the more healthy they are likely to be
Chicago
Kuo, 2001
Natural spaces General health Mental health Blood pressure Cholesterol Stress & anxiety Recovery rates
Safety and incivilities General health Obesity Physical activity Social contact
Floods Respiratory illness Stomach upsets Blood pressure Psychological Mixed land use well-being Obesity Social contact Physical activity
OUTDOOR ENVIRONMENT
Noise Heart disease Hearing impairment Mental health Reading abilities in children Street design Physical activity Obesity
In 2006, over 250,000 people were killed or injured in road accidents in the UK Adverse health effects of air pollution include: mortality, asthma, rhinitis, cardiovascular disease, cancer and lowering of male fertility
Air pollution reduces life expectancy by 7-8 months and costs up to 20.2 billion/annum
Safety and incivilities General health Obesity Physical activity Social contact
Floods Respiratory illness Stomach upsets Blood pressure Mixed land use Psychological Obesity well-being Social contact Physical activity
OUTDOOR ENVIRONMENT
Noise Heart disease Hearing impairment Mental health Reading abilities in children Street design Physical activity Obesity
Noise
Adverse health impacts of persistent environmental noise include: - high blood pressure - heart disease - hearing impairment - mental ill health - poorer reading abilities
Floods
The number of people at high risk from future coastal and river flooding in England and Wales could double from 1.6 million today, to over 3 million by 2080
Adverse health impacts of flooding include: - respiratory illnesses - stomach upsets - high blood pressure - psychological distress
Physical activity
60% of men and 72% of women fail to achieve 30 minutes of activity five times a week Physical activity can reduce the risk of: - heart disease, cancer, diabetes, osteoporosis; and - promote psychological wellbeing
Social capital
Getting out and meeting people has been shown to help people: live longer; be healthier physically and mentally
Natural spaces General health Mental health Blood pressure Cholesterol Stress & anxiety Recovery rates
Safety and incivilities General health Obesity Physical activity Social contact
Floods Respiratory illness Stomach upsets Blood pressure Mixed land use Psychological well-being Obesity Social contact Physical activity
OUTDOOR ENVIRONMENT
Noise Heart disease Hearing impairment Mental health Reading abilities in children Street design Physical activity Obesity
Accessibility
Local facilities create opportunities for social interaction and physical activity
- 1.4 million people missed, turned down or chose not to seek medical help
Natural spaces General health Mental health Blood pressure Cholesterol Stress & anxiety Recovery rates Floods Respiratory illness Stomach upsets Blood pressure Psychological well-being
Safety and incivilities General health Obesity Physical activity Social contact
OUTDOOR ENVIRONMENT
Noise Heart disease Hearing impairment Mental health Reading abilities in children Street design Physical activity Obesity
Reduced risk of obesity Car drivers walk 56 minutes less per week than non-car owners equivalent to 2 stone weight gain over a decade Increased risk of obesity
Natural spaces General health Mental health Blood pressure Cholesterol Stress & anxiety Recovery rates
Safety and incivilities General health Obesity Physical activity Social contact
Floods Respiratory illness Stomach upsets Blood pressure Mixed land use Psychological well-being Obesity Social contact Physical activity
OUTDOOR ENVIRONMENT
Noise Heart disease Hearing impairment Mental health Reading abilities in children Street design Physical activity Obesity
Residents in areas with high levels of graffiti, litter and dog mess are 50% less likely to be physically active and 50% more likely to be overweight/ obese
Natural spaces General health Mental health Blood pressure Cholesterol Stress & anxiety Recovery rates
Safety and incivilities General health Obesity Physical activity Social contact
Floods Respiratory illness Stomach upsets Blood pressure Mixed land use Psychological well-being Obesity Social contact Physical activity
OUTDOOR ENVIRONMENT
Noise Heart disease Hearing impairment Mental health Reading abilities in children
Natural spaces
People living in areas with high levels of greenery are 3 times more physically active and 40% less likely to be overweight/obese Individuals are more socially engaged in green areas than in barren spaces
Green exercise can improve health and well-being Attractive parks and public green spaces are more likely to be used for physical activity
Virtuous circle
Reduces economic burden Sustainable outdoor environment
Next steps
Have this discussion with: Planners Architects Transport planners, and Public health professionals At a national, regional and/or local level. Use the principles of sustainable development as a framework for decision making.