World War II

European Theater

Pacific Theater

Period 3
12/1/2013

June 1941 Operation Barbarossa

July 1942 Battle of El Alamein

July 1943 Sicily

June 1944 D-Day

April 1945 Battle of Berlin

April 1945 Capture of Mussolini

January 1945 Fuhrerbunker

September 1939 Battle of the Atlantic

November 1942 Operation Torch

August 1942 Battle of Stalingrad

January 1944 Italy/Monte Casino

December 1944 Battle of the Bulge

Berlin

Fuhrerbunker

12/1/2013

April Bataan Death March

August June Battle of Battle of Guadalcanal Midway

1942

February Battle of Iwo Jima

1945
April Battle of Okinawa

August Hiroshima/ Nagasaki

1944
February Battle of Java Sea May May Battle of Coral Fall of the Philippines Sea

October Battle of Leyte Gulf

Bataan Death March

12/1/2013

"Rosalina Baro." SMCCD.NET Redirection Page. Web. 26 Oct. 2011. <http://www.smccd.net/accounts/skylib/oralhist/Aldeguer/>.

We were winning the World War II. There was no question the Philippines would soon be free again. The horrible tragedy is that thousands of innocent defenseless prisoners of war and civilian internees were being slaughtered before we could rescue them.
The Los Banos interment camp held over 2,147 men, women and children all destined to be executed unless we could free them. While there were only 243 prison guards, there were over 8,000 enemy marines within striking distance. Troops from the American 11th Airborne Division, 130 strong, under the command of MG Swing accepted the challenge. The result was the most successful rescue mission ever recorded. All the prisoners were rescued and only two Americans were killed and two wounded. Chief of Staff and former Secretary of State, General Colin Powell, proclaimed: "I doubt that any airborne unit in the world will ever be able to rival the Los Baos prison raid. It is the textbook airborne operation for all ages and all armies."

The High Command developed plans for an invasion as part of their routine operations.

First called Fritz and then Directive 21, Hitler seized on the idea of invading Russia and issued the directive, renaming it Operation Barbarossa in honor of Frederick I, the twelfth century Prussian King who was prophesied to rise from his grave and restore Germany to world power.
Operational orders were given in January 1941.

 The Japanese losses sustained from 1 January -30 April and from the initial assault landings on 5 -6 May, resulted in losses of about 900 dead and 1,200 wounded, while the defenders suffered 800 dead and 1,000 wounded. Corregidor's defeat marked the fall of the Philippines and Asia, but Imperial Japan's timetable for the conquest of Australia and the rest of the Pacific was severely upset. Its advance was ultimately checked at the battle for New Guinea, and at Guadalcanal, the turning point in the Pacific war. About 4,000 of the 11,000 American and Filipino prisoners of war from Corregidor were marched through the streets of Manila to incarceration at Fort Santiago and Bilibid Prison, criminal detention centers turned POW camps. U.S. Army and Navy nurses (the Angels of Bataan and Corregidor") continued to work on Corregidor for several weeks, and were then sent to Santo Tomas.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=ssSDELFWdYc

CAPTURE OF MUSSOLINI
Beginning of World War 2 How Mussolini died

Video of him captured His quote Mussolini and his girlfriend Hitler taking over.

http://www.google.com/imgres?q=capture+of+mussolini+map&um=1&hl=en&biw=1280&bih=929&tbm=isch&tbnid=qPggbI642FrfdM:&imgrefurl=http: //ophusky.yolasite.com/generalinformation.php&docid=s3pAbJbkeCIc0M&imgurl=http://ophusky.yolasite.com/resources/sicily_map.jpg.opt806x580o 0,0s806x580.jpg&w=806&h=580&ei=gLymTr_jKaXg0QGjq8n8DQ&zoom=1&iact=rc&dur=1689&sig=112444474703880750514&page=1&tbnh=129 &tbnw=179&start=0&ndsp=32&ved=1t:429,r:9,s:0&tx=95&ty=73

BEGINNING OF WORLD WAR 2

On June 10th 1940, Mussolini led Italy into World War 2 on the side of the Axis siding with France against Germany in the early 1930s. Believing the war would be short, he declared war on France and the United Kingdom in order to gain territories in the peace treaty that would soon follow it. The last few days of the war in Italy, Dictator Benito Mussolini attempted to escape the Allied Army by hiding in a German convoy headed toward the Alps. Partisans stopped and searched the convoy at Dongo. They found him in the back of a truck wearing a privates overcoat over his striped general's pants. The Partisans took him prisoner and he was later joined by his girlfriend, Clara Petacci, at Mezzegra. The council lead by the Communists, they decided to execute Mussolini and 15 leading Fascists in retaliation.

Benito Mussolini ,was an Italian politician who led the National Fascist party and is credited with being one of the key figures of Fascism.

http://www.google.com/imgres?q=capture+of+mussolini+map&um=1&hl=en&biw=1280&bih=929&tbm=isch&tbnid=qFeEHbE3fD3gQM:&imgrefu rl=http://hitlertriumphant.wordpress.com/operationsphinx/&docid=OEyBcbsG6ZPqqM&imgurl=http://hitlertriumphant.files.wordpress.com/2010/11/mussolini.jpg&w=416&h=452&ei=gLymTr_jKaXg 0QGjq8n8DQ&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=189&vpy=316&dur=4828&hovh=234&hovw=215&tx=137&ty=133&sig=112444474703880750514&page= 3&tbnh=169&tbnw=156&start=54&ndsp=21&ved=1t:429,r:5,s:54

Mussolini and Hitler shaking hands.

MUSSOLINI
This clip is about Mussolini talking with Hitler and getting captured, he was flying to Germany to meet up with Hitler to talk about the Axis powers.

Mussolini was a man of a iron heart. He wanted wealth and was hungry for power. He built roads, school, and many other buildings when he had power. But, then when he was at the height of the power, people started to see what kind of a ruler he was. He formed a secret police called Cheka to kill or threaten anyone who went against him and who was with the socialisms. Many landowners and bank owners supported him. From those days, he changed his political party to Fascist Party. Many Italians feared him and had no choice and vote for him at a government choosing thing for if they didn't they would get arrested, killed, or threatened.

http://www.google.com/imgres?q=mussolini&um=1&hl=en&sa=N&biw=1280&bih=929&tbm=isch&tbnid=dMcLaK3A5cE2rM:&imgrefurl=http://alt history.wikia.com/wiki/Benito_Mussolini_(Central_Victory)&docid=qCLhKTY5pePb0M&imgurl=http://images.wikia.com/althistory/images/5/5c/M ussolini.jpg&w=652&h=914&ei=GV6pTpO6JoLY0QHOhNSuDg&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=192&vpy=169&dur=1083&hovh=266&hovw=190&tx=10 4&ty=106&sig=112444474703880750514&page=1&tbnh=178&tbnw=137&start=0&ndsp=26&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:0

MUSSOLINI
Mussolini and 15 leading Fascists were executed on April 29, 1945 and their bodies were hung at an Esso gas station in the Piazzale Loerto in Milan. They were all put on display for people to see and to thank them for killing them.

http://www.custermen.com/ItalyWW2/ILDUCE/Mussolini.htm

MUSSOLINIS FAMOUS QUOTE

The fate of nations is intimately bound up with their powers of reproduction. All nations and all empires first felt decadence gnawing at them when their birth rate fell off. ~Benito Mussolini

www.brainyquote.com/quotes/authors/b/benito_mussolini.html

MUSSOLINI AND HIS GIRLFRIEND, CLARA PETTACI

After being shot, kicked, and spat upon, the bodies were hung upside down on meathooks from the roof of an Esso gas station. The bodies were then stoned by civilians from below. This was done both to discourage any Fascists from continuing the fight and as an act of revenge for the hanging of many partisans in the same place by Axis authorities. The corpse of the deposed leader became subject to ridicule and abuse. Fascist loyalist Achille Starace was captured and sentenced to death and then taken to the Piazzale Loreto and shown the body of Mussolini. Starace, who once said of Mussolini "He is a god,"saluted what was left of his leader just before he was shot. The body of Starace was strung up next to the body of Mussolini.

http://www.google.com/imgres?q=mussolini%27s+death&hl=en&sa=X&biw=1280&bih=929&tbm=isch&prmd=imvn s&tbnid=RNYKMsCJAZ2O8M:&imgrefurl=http://www.custermen.com/ItalyWW2/ILDUCE/Mussolini.htm&docid=_TKyjdnPwCW2M&imgurl=http://www.custermen.com/ItalyWW2/ILDUCE/Mussolini4.jpg&w=500&h=305&ei=2g2oTof2E KT30gHNPigDg&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=184&vpy=206&dur=526&hovh=175&hovw=288&tx=205&ty=92&sig=1124 44474703880750514&page=1&tbnh=134&tbnw=219&start=0&ndsp=24&ved=1t:429,r:0,s:0

HITLERS NOW IN CONTROL

Now that Mussolini the leader of the Axis powers is dead, its Hitlers time for control to help defeat Italy. When Hitler heard how Mussolini had been executed and put on public display, he vowed he would not let this happen to him. A few days later Hitler watched his new wife, Eva Braun, drink some poison and then he shot himself in the mouth. In keeping with his orders, their bodies were placed in a shell hole outside his Berlin bunker and burned. Mussolini's body was taken down and buried in a secret grave in Musoco Cemetery. Almost a year later he was exhumed and his remains placed in a small trunk which was hidden for 10 years by the police. After many requests by Donna Rachele, Mussolini's wife, the police released the body and in September 1957 his remains were buried in a private ceremony at the family.

Battle of Iwo Jima Anthony Peiffer

Battle description Americans support Aftermath of the battle Video slide

Iwo Jima was a island taken over by the Americans from the empire of Japan. The U.S. invasion, charged with the mission of capturing the three airfields on Iwo Jima, resulted in some of the fiercest fighting in the Pacific Campaign of World War II.

Americans were covered by extensive naval and air support, and were able to deliver an enormous amount of firepower onto the Japanese positions.

18

Of the 22,060 Japanese soldiers entrenched on the island, 21,844 died either from fighting or by ritual suicide. Only 216 were captured during the battle. According to The official Navy Department Library website, The 36-day Iwo Jima assault resulted in more than 26,000 American casualties, including 6,800 dead.

Objectives Biggest naval battle of WW2 The battle Relevance to war

<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Bat tle_of_Leyte_Gulf#Allied_Losses>.

<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Leyte _Gulf#Allied_Losses>.

The battle of Leyte was also known as the second battle of the Philippine sea and is considered to be the largest naval battle of WW2. It was fought near the Philippine islands of Leyte, Samar from 23 26 October 1944.

The Battle of Leyte Gulf created four major naval battles, the Battle of the Sibuyan Sea, the Battle of Surigao Strait, the Battle off Cape Engano and the Battle off Samar.

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=OyeiEaiu vas

The battle of Leyte Gulf secured the beachheads of the U.S sixth army. The Japanese navy suffered their biggest loss of ships and crew ever. Japan is also cut off from all its occupied territories in Southeast Asia.

<http://en.wikip edia.org/wiki/B attle_of_Leyte_G ulf#Allied_Losse s>.

The U.S lost 6 ships and 4 others were damaged. The 6 ships that were lost were the USS Princeton, USS Gambier Bay, St. Lo, Hoel, Johnston, USS Samuel B. Roberts

<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Leyte_Gulf#Allied_Losses>.

BATTLE OF BERLIN
Comparison of arms

Significance of the battle of Kursk Casualties and survivors Hitlers Suicide Video

Web.

Germany Russia

COMPARISON OF ARMS

Soldiers Artillery Tanks Aircraft

596,500 8,230 700 1,300

1,670,00 0 28,000 3,300 10,000

This is the comparison of arms between Germany and Russia. One of the reasons why Germany lost was because they lacked a greater defense.

"The Battle for Berlin." History Learning Site. Web. 27 Oct. 2011. <http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/battle_for_berl in.htm>.

BATTLE OF KURSK
Berlin had many battles fought on its land. Before the Battle of Berlin the Battle of Kursk was fought there.

This made the land very inhabitable

and harder to prepare for battle

This made it easier for the USSR to win the battle against Germany

"Battle for Berlin: April May 1945." Military History Encyclopedia on the Web. Web. 27 Oct. 2011. <http://www.historyofwar.org/articles/battles_berlin. html>.

CASUALTIES AND SURVIVORS

In the battle of Berlin there were many fatalities and survivors. 81,116 dead or missing 280,251 sick or wounded

The total fatalities were 361,367 soldiers and 22,000 civilians There were approximately 405,373 survivors.

"List of Battles by Casualties." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 26 Oct. 2011. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_battles_by_cas ualties>.

HITLERS SUICIDE
Adolph Hitler ended up committing suicide just before the Battle of Berlin was declared over. This was because he knew that the Russians had won and feared the torture he would endure if they caught him

http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20100 601224357AAtoSRl

HTTP://WWW.YOUTUBE .COM/WATCH?V=EDXC MUQHEGS

In this short video it shows the different types of arms that were used. Also where both sides infiltrated Berlin.

"Battle of Berlin 1945 - YouTube." YouTube Broadcast Yourself. Web. 27 Oct. 2011. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=eDxCMuQhegs >.

Battle of Coral Sea

Early life Weapons that were used during the Battle of coral sea. Background of the battle. Video of the battle The significance of the battle.

Story of the Battle of Coral Sea

Fought southwest of the Solomon Islands and eastward from New Guinea.
The first of the Pacific War's six fights between opposing aircraft carrier forces. The first major check on the great offensive they had begun five months earlier at Pearl Harbor. The Battle of the Coral Sea was fought between the Japanese and Allied navies from May 4 through May 8, 1942 in the Coral Sea.

Mack, Floyd. "Battle of the Coral Sea." Maintenance Mode. Web. 25 Oct. 2011. <http://www.microworks.net/pac ific/battle/coral_sea.htm>

Background
From December of 1941 to the spring of 1942, Japanese forces moved through the Pacific and southeastern Asia while defeating the Allies. In April 1942, five months after the Japanese had battered the American fleet at Pearl Harbor, Lt. Colonel Doolittle loaded sixteen B-25 bombers onto the carrier U.S.S. Hornet and went for Japan.
The planes took off 650 miles from Japan, bombed Tokyo, then flew on to China as the American carriers returned to Pearl Harbor.
Hickman, Kennedy. "Battle of the Coral Sea - World War II Battle of the Coral Sea." Military History - Warfare through the Ages - Battles and Conflicts - Weapons of War - Military Leaders in History. Web. 25 Oct. 2011. <http://militaryhistory.about.com/od/worldwari1/p/coralsea .htm>.

Weapons
Japanese Navy only lost 23 warships and none had been larger than a destroyer. 67 transport ships had also been lost. 379 lives Aircrafts and naval ships.

Hickman, Kennedy. "Battle of the Coral Sea - World War II Battle of the Coral Sea." Military History - Warfare through the Ages - Battles and Conflicts - Weapons of War - Military Leaders in History. Web. 25 Oct. 2011. <http://militaryhistory.about.com/od

Significance
The battle was the first battle that never fired at each other. Instead, manned aircraft acted as the offensive artillery for the ships involved. Radar gave the Americans a limited advantage in this battle, but its value to the U.S. Navy would increase over time as the technology improved and the Allies learned how to employ it more effectively.

"Battle of the Coral Sea." Naval History and Heritage Command. Web. 26 Oct. 2011. <http://www.history.navy.mil/photos/events/wwiipac/coralsea/coralsea.htm>.

Youtube Video
The Coral Sea holds great historical significance for Australia and the United States. In May 1942, it was the scene of a naval battle that reversed the tide of World War II in the Pacific. The Protect Our Coral Sea campaign has produced an 8-minute documentary in honor of those who fought and died in the Battle of the Coral Sea.

Location of battle. Explanation of the battles main events. Description of numbers of men and weapons used. Hyperlinked Video. Battle significance. * Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 26 Oct. 2011. <http://en.wikipedia.org/>.

Battle Significance
The significance of the battle was to push the Germans back further into their own territory and for the Allies to gain more ground

Battle Overview 2.
Battles lasted from January 17th of 1944 to May 18th of 1944 Last assault, Allies gathered 20 divisions for a major attack along a twenty mile front and drove the German defenders from their positions but at a high cost *Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 26 Oct. 2011. <http://en.wikipedia.org/>.

Battle Overview
Costly series of four battles Fought by Allies against the Germans and Italians Fought to break the Axis Winter Line and seize Rome *Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 26 Oct. 2011. <http://en.wikipedia.org/>.

Battle Overview 3.
Over a 100,000 Allies died in the battle and over 20,000 Germans died Artillery was used to pound defensive positions Allied bombers bombed the monastery that the Germans were hiding in * "Battle of Monte Cassino | History Wars Weapons." History Wars Weapons. Web. 26 Oct. 2011. <http://historywarsweapons.com/battle-of-montecassino/>.

MONTE CASSINO BATTLE WW2 YouTube

Battle of El Alamein
Description by Collin Seagriff

Battle of El Alamein
It ended Axis hopes of occupying Egypt, taking control of the Suez Canal, and gaining access to the Middle Eastern oil fields The First Battle of El Alamein had slowed the Axis advance.

Eighth Army was ready to strike. 220,000 men and 1,100 tanks under Montgomery made their move against the 115,000 men and 559 tanks of Panzer Army Africa.

Battle of El Alamein
Show how all the army's came at each other and what routs they took to get there. It shows where the axis powers attacked from and what direction the came to Africa from.

M 702 TANK
they were deployed during the battle for El Alamein. The Elbow Telescope M16 was from a M2A1 howitzer, which was mounted on an M7 'Priest' selfpropelled gun. The cannon which is a M1A2 105mm L/22.5 howitzer, was controlled by 6 men and 6 in reserve.

Enfield 303 British

Shot .303 British bullets Easy to rebuild 3 piece weapon
Action Stock Barrel

Battle of El Alamein (story)

Battle for western desert campaign during WWII Between Axis forces ( Germany, Italy) and Panzer army Africa Battle halted second advance by Axis forces into egypt.

this video is a short summery of the battle and the significance of it in WWII

HTTP://WWW.YOUTUBE.COM/WAT CH?V=10Q9-O6_YPK

The significance of this battle is the African forces were able to keep the Axis forces out of Egypt for a second invasion.

Soldiers/Weapons General

Information Hitlers Plan Allies Retaliation General von Mellenthins Thoughts Informational Video Relevance to the War

Soldiers/Weapons
Americans: Dwight D. Eisenhower (Supreme Allied Comander) 840,000 Men plus some 1,300 Tanks 394 Guns 19,000 Killed 47,500 Wounded 23,000 Captured Germans: Adolf Hitler 200,000-500,000 Men 1,800 Tanks 1,900 Guns 67,000-100,000 Killed, missing/captured, wounded Britain: 200 Killed 1,200 Wounded or missing Other: Approximately 3,000 civilians killed

22nd, December. "The Battle of the Bulge." History Learning Site. Web. 27 Oct. 2011. <http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/battle_of_the_ bulge.htm>

General Information

The battle of the Bulge took place during 1944-1945 Started on December 16th, 1944 Last offensive attack by Germany in WWII Hitlers attempt to destroy the alliance between Britain, France, and America Hitler primarily focusing on America The attack was initially known as Ardennes Offensive but turned into the Battle of the Bulge Largest battle the Americans were in, in WWII

October, Early. "Battle of the Bulge." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 27 Oct. 2011. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_the_Bulge>.

Hitler s Plan

Sepp Dietrich who was the leader of the Sixth Panzer Army was told to attack and capture Antwerp Manteuffel who was the leaded of the Fifth Panzer Army was to attack the center of American force zone To block any Allied attack they had the Fifteenth Army ready to retaliate Hitlers plan started out as a success since it was a surprise attack on the allies and they were not prepared plus, the weather was on his side, it was bad conditions for any sort of air attacks His success plummeted quickly, it lasted all of two days then, the Germans ran out of fuel

22nd, December. "The Battle of the Bulge." History Learning Site. Web. 27 Oct. 2011. <http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/battle_of_the_ bulge.htm>.

Allies Retaliation
December 22nd, the weather became clear and they were able to use their air weapons the next day, the allies began to attack the Germans There really was not a possible way for the Germans to win this battle they were out numbered, did not have the supplies necessary for the attacks. It was all false hope of Hitler to separate the allied countries.

"Battle of the Bulge - The United States Army." The Official Home Page of the United States Army | The United States Army. Web. 27 Oct. 2011. <http://www.army.mil/botb/>.

What General von Mellenthin Thought of Hitlers Plan

"The Ardennes battle(AKA Battle of the Bulge)drives home the lesson that a large-scale offensive by massed armor has no hope of success against an enemy who enjoys supreme command of the air. Our precious reserves had been expended, and nothing was available to ward off the impending catastrophe in the east."

http://www.youtube.com/watch? v=8a8fqGpHgsk
The video link above explains the conditions the Battle of the bulge was fought in, some of the weapons they used, an interview of a member of the army during that time and he explains the main struggles they had.

What Winston Churchill has to say

This is undoubtedly the greatest American battle of the war, and will, I believe be regarded as an ever-famous American victory. -Winston Churchill

D-Day
Sword beach Juno Beach Primary source Other Importance

Sword Beach
The British bombed some Germans and managed to take a casino

Juno Beach
When the Canadians landed on Juno Beach they had a hard time but still managed to get past the Germans and made more progress in to France than any of there allies.

Primary Source
When byrne dropped out of east tech high school to enlist, he worried he might miss all the fighting. "I was a gung-ho one," he recalled. The navy unit seemed to be a perfect fit. "I wanted to build and fight, and that's what the seabees were," he said. "I'm a nut for construction. I love the way it all fits together, like my old days playing with my erector set in the living room." And even when briefed that his unit might suffer heavy casualties during the invasion, byrne said he just shrugged, "that's war. C'est la guerre, as my father used to say." Starting on d-day, byrne was among more than 10,000 seabees who fabricated pontoon causeways and offshore docking facilities used to transport troops, vehicles and supplies from ship to shore. At times the task had to be accomplished under enemy fire. "We were told this would probably be one of the greatest engineering feats of world war ii," byrne said. He remembers that june 6 as a frenetic combination of cargo and clamor, as shells and planes arced overhead. "Everything was boom, boom, boom, boom, boom. You didn't have time to stop and think. You just kept moving," byrne said. "Other guys might've been a little scared, but I didn't see any of them run away. There was no place to run to begin with. "The firing never ended," he added. "All day long, all night long, bombs going off all over the place." Works cited "Local veterans recall d-day struggle on land and sea: world at war." Interview. Weblog post. Web.

Other
http://military.discovery.com/videos/82ndairborne-division-d-day.html

Impact
This Battle had a very big impact on the war because this marked the day when the allied forces with the help of French rebels started to turn the tide in there favor.

US plan bombing Hiroshima US plan bombing Nagasaki Deaths Personal Account Outcome of nuclear weapons

"Atomic Bombings of Hiroshima and Nagasaki." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 26 Oct. 2011. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Atomic_bombings _of_Hiroshima_and_Nagasaki#The_bombing >.

Bombing Hiroshima Continued..

Date decided by clouds previously obscured the target 1 hour before bombing Japanese detected US aircraft.
Set off a warning but there was only

a small formation
Warning was cancelled

William Parsons armed bomb Morris Jeppson removed safety 30 minutes before reaching target Goal of bombing, make Japan surrender unconditionally with the terms of the Potsdam Declaration Area was larger than 3 miles in diameter

Important in large urban area

Bombing Hiroshima

Known for industrial and military significance

Many camps were nearby including HQ of Fifth Division

One of several Japanese cities left untouched by US bombing Population was estimated to be 340,000-350,000
All records were burned from the bombing

Only nuclear weapon event in war to date Kokura & Nagasaki were alternative targets The gravity bomb Little boy hit on August 6, 1945
43 seconds to hit the ground from aircraft

Bombing Nagasaki

Known for largest sea ports in southern Japan Great wartime importance
Wide industrial activity

Old fashioned building made with wood frames Nagasaki was never subjected to a large-scale bombing before North of Nagasaki a camp was holding British Commonwealth prisoners of war Fat Man was the nuclear bomb Plan was identical to the first to bomb Hiroshima Bomb already armed
Charles W. Sweeney

Bombing Nagasaki Continued..

Originally planned to bomb Kokura

Clouds covering area made mission impossible

Three runs over Kokura

Secondary plan to bomb Nagasaki

Air raid alert was given

Hour and a half later all clear was given

Fat Man dropped over industrial valley Exploded 43 seconds after being dropped
Temperature of explosion estimated to be 7,000

F Winds up to 624mph

Happenings After

Japan surrendered to the Allied Powers

Radio Broadcast September 2, 1945

One section of Japan was left untouched

Every August 6th thousands gather at Peace

Memorial Park
Candles in paper lanterns float the river in

front of the park

Deaths From Nuclear Weapons

Little Boy

Hiroshima
90,000-166,000 died total four months after

bombing 70,000 people died directly after bombing

Nagasaki
60,000-80,000 died total four months after

bombing 75,000 people died directly after bombing

Fat Man

roughly half the deaths the first day

60% died from flash or flame burns 30% died from falling debris 10% died from other causes

After affects of Nuclear Weapons

"I realize the tragic significance of the atomic bomb.. It is an awful responsibility which has come to us.. We thank God that it has come to us, instead of to our enemies; and we pray that He may guide us to use it in His way and for His purposes." -President Harry S. Truman, August 9, 1945

Operation Torch
1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. Motivations Strategy Troops Weapons Video Personal Account Significance to the war

Motivations
Allies want more control of the Mediterranean Sea to move war materials It was thought to be an easy victory and it was Americas first battle in Europe of the war Gave allied access to the Soft underbelly of Europe Tested out new forms of warfare such as amphibious attack and Para trooping

"Operation Torch." History Learning Site. Historylearningsite.co.uk, 2007. Web. 26 Oct. 2011. <http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/operation_torch.htm>.

Strategy
Simultaneous attack on multiple sights Amphibious boats driven by specially trained sailors would drop off troops Troops were to penetrate key locations at Oran, Safi, and Algiers It was hoped the Axis would quickly surrender

"Operation Torch." Spartacus Educational. Spartacus Educational Fund. Web. 26 Oct. 2011. <http://www.spartacus.schoolnet.co.uk/2WWtorch.htm>.

Troops
Three Allied Task Forces were created to penetrate these cities Western Task Force had 35,000 Troops Eastern Task Force had 20,000 Troops Central Task Force had 18,000 Troops There were 60,000 Axis Troops in the area, mainly comprised of Vichy French Death Toll: over 1,815

"Operation Torch: Allied Invasion of North Africa." History Net: Where History Comes Alive - World & US History Online. HistoryNet, 8 Nov. 2006. Web. 27 Oct. 2011. <http://www.historynet.com/operationtorch-allied-invasion-of-north-africa.htm>.

Weapons
Allies
Did no bombing in the area before the attack as was standard at they time, as they hoped for a quick surrender Used paratroopers dropping into the cities, introducing the PARA units in ww2

Axis
Troops were underprepared and had no heavy artillery or mines on hand, most being in Europe Well trained and well equipped snipers hit allied soldiers

"Operation Torch: Allied Invasion of North Africa." History Net: Where History Comes Alive - World & US History Online. HistoryNet, 8 Nov. 2006. Web. 27 Oct. 2011. <http://www.historynet.com/operationtorch-allied-invasion-of-north-africa.htm>.

Video
Video of Operation Torch highlighting it from the point of view of General Patton To watch click here

Personal Account
A firsthand account of Operation Torch given by a member of the attacking army to read click here

Significance to the War

Marked the entrance of American Armed Forces into the European aspects of WW2 Utilized the same sort of amphibious beach landing that would be put into play at Normandy on D-Day Americans used paratrooper regiments in new, effective ways Gave Allies greater control over trade in the area

"Battles of WWII | Operation Torch | Event View." Xtimeline - Explore and Create Free Timelines. Framento, Inc., 2008. Web. 28 Oct. 2011. <http://www.xtimeline.com/evt/view.aspx?id=750403>.

 About Operation Husky The weapons used for the battle Importance of the war James Gavin After War

Operation Husky : Allies invasion of Sicily. On the 9th and 10th of July the allied forces attacked Sicily, and took if from Italy and Germany. This was the start of the second part of the war. That was also known as World War II.
Allied Invasion of Sicily." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 26 Oct. 2011. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allied_invasio

 During the war they used air craft for part of the bombing They used the naval and invaded part of the Mediterranean sea They also used tanks and guns
Allied Invasion of Sicily." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 26 Oct. 2011. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allied_invasion_of_ Sicily>.

 The importance of the war was not let the allied naval to take over the Mediterranean Sea They also bombed Sicily They were basically trying to take Sicily out of Italian and German control This was basically the place where they held WWII
Allied Invasion of Sicily." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 26 Oct. 2011. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allied_invasion_of_ Sicily>.

 This is the video that sums up what basically what happens in the invasion of Sicily also know as Operation Husky.

 He was one of the man in charge that drove the airplanes He was one of the first to jump from the planes When he landed he had no idea where he landed and where is group was so they walked all night He finally found where he was secured When the war was over he got an award for Distinguished Service Cross
"James M. Gavin." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 28 Oct. 2011. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/James_M._Gavin>.

 Sicily cost the Allies almost 25,000 casualties US lost a total of 9,968 men, British total 12,568 men, Canada lost 2,310 men German lost about 20,000 The Allied was forced to improve interservice coordination

Allied Invasion of Sicily." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 26 Oct. 2011. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Allied_invasion_of_ Sicily>.

August 23 rd 1942 February 2 nd 1943

 Basics of the Battle Attack Stalingrad

Aftermath
Casualties

 Major Battle of WWII

Soviet Union &

Germany
Germany wanted control

of the city Stalingrad

The red army preparing

for battle against the Germans

 Soviets were weaker than Germany

But they were plenty warned

Germany had a strategic bombing

Leaving 40,000 casualties

By end of August, Soviets reached Volga

The air attacks were getting the best of

the USSR
Months later as Soviet Union was

weakening dramatically winter came

Germans could not take the cold Soviets turned around and one the battle

 This was a turning point for both Germany and the

Soviet Union
Germans realized they couldnt always get what they

wanted The USSR was fully involved in WWII after this battle

 The battle of Stalingrad

was one of the bloodiest battles in the history of warfare. 1.7-2 million casualties Only a small percentage of the casualties in Stalingrad

 1943, Early February. "Battle of Stalingrad." Wikipedia,

the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 28 Oct. 2011. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Stalingrad>.

 The Battle Overview Tactical and Technical Fixes The Athenian

 This battle most the longest battle of the war The battle went from 1939 to 1945 when Germany fell It was between Axis powers such as Germany and Italy and the Allies Allies were victorious because the German "Battle of the Atlantic." Wikipedia, the Free blockade failed Encyclopedia. Web. 28 Oct. 2011.
<http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_ the_Atlantic_>.

 Introduced flak boats which stayed surfaced and shoot planes down rather than evade Allies introduced new radars such as the Wanze The Germans got smart and started making decoys for the radar systems The development of torpedoes was improved
"Battle of the Atlantic." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 28 Oct. 2011. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_ the_Atlantic_>.

 On September 3, 1939 the Athenia was torpedoed by the German submarine The submarine was the U30 The 93 passengers were killed in the explosion were some of the first people killed in WW2 Barney Copland was the first officer of the Athenia
"BBC - WW2 People's War - The Athenia." BBC - Homepage. Web. 28 Oct. 2011. <http://www.bbc.co.uk/ww2peopleswar /stories/83/a2035883.shtml>.

"The Battle of the Atlantic - YouTube." YouTube - Broadcast Yourself. Web. 28 Oct. 2011. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Q7x u0DDLIP0>.

 Needed to get supplies to Britain If Britain didnt get supplies then they would of lost Germany was attacking the supply ships

"Battle of the Atlantic." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 28 Oct. 2011. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_ the_Atlantic_>.

Fuhrerbunker Where it was located What it was used for The construction What events happened What Hitler thought of this place Main event that took place in the fuhrerbunker

Where is it located?
Beneath Reich Chancellery in Berlin Germany This was also hidden underground

What was it used for?

It is used to keep Hitler in hiding during the end of the war The main event that happened during the time Hitler was in hiding in the fuhrerbunker was Hitler committed suicide

The construction
It was constructed as temporary air-raid shelter Bombing in Berlin led to complex as Hitlers hide out 2 levels of the fuhrerbunker
Vorbunker (upper) Addition was the Fuhrerbunker (lower)

Who Was Involved

Hitler was in hiding there SS soldiers, to protect Hitler Hitlers mate at the time

Movie to Find Out More About the Fuhrerbunker

Bataan Death March

Overview The battle that led to the march About the death march The effects the battle had

Soldiers/Weapons
76,000 people taken prisoner (12,000 americans) Bayonets were used during the attack

THE BATTLE BEFOREHAND

On April 9, 1942 on Bataan Peninsula Japan attacked the Philippines similar to the

way they attacked Pearl Harbor by air, but then

by a ground attack The Americans and Filipinos are fighting against the Japs

Americans were dying more from dehydration

and malnutrition then from fighting which caused them to surrender

"Bataan Death March." United States American History. Web. 26 Oct. 2011. <http://www.us-history.com/pages/h1737.html>.

After their surrender

After their capture, there was too many people

to take in trucks, so they were forced to walk 55

miles to San Fernando and then another 8 miles to the concentration camp The Japs didnt allow the prisoners to eat or

drink without permission and if they did they

would be executed Anyone that stopped or collapsed was killed as well

"Bataan Death March (World War II) -- Britannica Online Encyclopedia." Encyclopedia - Britannica Online Encyclopedia. Web. 26 Oct. 2011. <http://www.britannica.com/EBchecked/topic/55717/Bataan-Death-March>.

aftermath
8,000 to 10,000 killed along the march Mostly from dehydration or malnutrition

"How the Battle Went in Bataan." Corregidor.org - Corregidor, 503, Heritage Batallion. Web. 28 Oct. 2011. <http://corregidor.org/chs_bataan/bataan1.html>.

Personal Account
Interviews of accounts from different people who were a part of the death march For the entire account, click on the picture

"American Experience . MacArthur . Capture and Death March | PBS." PBS: Public Broadcasting Service. Web. 28 Oct. 2011. <http://www.pbs.org/wgbh/amex/macarthur/sfeature/bataa n_capture.html>.

Video
Explains how the Japanese treated the prisoners and their journey Click on the picture below for the video

Events Significance
Showed how cruel the Japanese really are

This caused Bataan to become Japanese

territory

The Battle of Okinawa

About the battle Who caused it Strategies Who won Weapons Used Tanks, Planes, Machine Guns, Ships Troops Killed or Missing US Troops Japan Troops The US Leaders Buckner Stilwell Japanese Leaders Ushijima Cho

<About the battle>

Who Caused it
Taking control of the island was a major part of the US 3 point plan to win the war.

Who won
The US won the battle and it was one of the major battles in history and one of the bloodiest.

<Weapons>

Tanks M3 CDL

Planes AT-6

Machine guns Thomson MG

Ships Patrol Craft Escort Rescue About 1400 ships

Video
The Battle of Okinawa
For more info click

The Battle of Okinawa was said to have been the bloodiest battle

<US Leaders>
Simon B. Buckner He was killed June 18, 1945, on one of the closing days of the battle of Okinawa. Joseph Stilwell KIA- He had control of over 100000 men at the beginning of the battle.

<Japanese Leaders>
Mitsuru Ushijima KIA- was the Japanese general at the Battle of Okinawa, during the final stages of World War II. Isamu Cho Ch was Chief of Staff of the IJA 32nd Army during the Battle of Okinawa and masterminded the elaborate underground fortifications around Shuri Castle

 Nazis Germany invasion on Russia on June 22,1941 German strategies Army groups that attacked Russia Russias defendants German Statistics Russian Statistics

German invasion on the Soviet Union

http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IqNTJNBcfA&feature=related

They had over 3 million soldiers

Quickly entered and defeated Soviet defenses

Gained many impressive victories Rapidly moved to the heart of European Russia

 Three army groups attacked Russia

Army Group North Totaled 20 divisions
Army Group Centre Totaled 51 divisions

Army Group South Totaled 40 divisions; Rumanian divisions; Hungarian Army Corps.

 Russia had four army units to defend it The Baltic Special Military District Totaled 26 divisions including 6 armored ones The Western Special Military District Totaled 36 divisions including 10 armored ones The Kiev Special Military District

Totaled 56 divisions including 16 armored divisions

The Odessa Special Military District Totaled 14 divisions including 2 armored divisions

"Was Operation Barbarossa A Smart Move by the Nazis?" Avinash Kunnath. 2007. Web. 31 Oct. 2011. <http://avinashkunnath.com/strategy/wasoperation-barbarossa-a-smart-move-by-the-

 Starting on Sunday morning of June 22,1941

Including the Germans and their allies 3,000,ooo soldiers 3,580 tanks 7,184 artillery guns 1,830 planes 750,000 horses

 Day 17 of the war:

300,000 Russians had been captured
2,500 tanks,1,400 artillery guns, and 250 aircraft Were either captured or destroyed
Russian Military was on the verge of collapse

 Germans came out victorious

Blitzkrieg warfare was at it height of helpfulness

Russians suffered many losses with many of them

captured

"Operation Barbarossa in Color." Third Reich Color Pictures. Web. 31 Oct. 2011. <http://thirdreichcolorpictures.blogspot.com/2010/ 12/operation-barbarossa-in-color.html>.

http://www.google.com/imgres?q=bat tle+of+midway+map&hl=en&biw=128 0&bih=899&gbv=2&tbm=isch&tbnid= H_6Rm6BrSANnDM:&imgrefurl=http: //www.nps.edu/Academics/centers/c cc/publications/OnlineJournal/2002/j une02/midway.html&docid=41AwByqJcSDIM&imgurl=http://ww w.np

Strategies Statistics Personal Account Event Significance Battle of Midway Video

Japan tried to get the U.S. to think that they were going to attack Alaska causing the U.S. to send their naval forces to defend Alaska. Japan had no idea the Americans had broken their secret code and knew the battle would be at Midway and not Alaska.

"Battle of Midway." Newberry County School District. Web. 31 Oct. 2011. <http://www.newberry.k12.sc.us/mch s/battle_of_midway.htm>.

Yamamotos surprise was ruined by the American communications intelligence. This allowed Admiral Chester W. Nimitz, the U.S. Pacific Fleet commander to establish an ambush by having his carriers ready and waiting for the Japanese. June 1942, in the second of the Pacific War's great carrier battles, the trap was sprung. The base at Midway remained operational and became a vital component in the American "Battle of Midway." Newberry County trans- Pacific Offensive School District. Web. 31 Oct. 2011.

<http://www.newberry.k12.sc.us/mch s/battle_of_midway.htm>.

Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto moved on Midway in an effort to draw out and destroy the U.S. Pacific Fleets aircraft carrier striking forces. He planned to quickly knock down Midways defenses He wanted to establish a Japanese air base there. He expected the U.S. carriers to come out and fight, but to arrive too late to save Midway.
"Battle of Midway." Newberry County School District. Web. 31 Oct. 2011. <http://www.newberry.k12.sc.us/mch s/battle_of_midway.htm>.

This video talks about the turning point battle in the Pacific Theatre. The Japanese tried to trick the Americans to think they were attacking Alaska but broke a code to find out they were attacking Midway. Click on picture below to
watch.

"The Battle of Midway - YouTube." YouTube - Broadcast Yourself. Web. 31 Oct. 2011. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v= MDrsTfLDaik>.

Interview with Retired Cmdr. Harry Ferrier, Battle of Midway survivor. Click on the picture below to
watch.

"Battle of Midway." Newberry County School District. Web. 31 Oct. 2011. <http://www.newberry.k12.sc.us/mch s/battle_of_midway.htm>.

U.S. Ships Sunk

Carriers: USS Yorktown Destroyers: USS Hammann TOTAL CARRIERS LOST: 1 TOTAL CRUISERS LOST: 0 TOTAL DESTROYERS LOST: 1

Japanese Ships Sunk

Carriers: Akagi, Hiryu, Kaga, Soryu Cruisers: Mikuma TOTAL CARRIERS LOST: 4 TOTAL CRUISERS LOST: 1 TOTAL DESTROYERS LOST: 0

"BattleofMidway Statistics - Ask.com." Ask.com - What's Your Question? Web. 31 Oct. 2011. <http://www.ask.com/questionsabout/BattleofMidway-Statistics>.

Considered one of the most important deciding factors of World War II in the Pacific. It was the turning point not because of where it was fought, rather the material losses both sides sustained. Japan lost more carriers and flight crews and could not replace them. U.S. losses were less than Japan and U.S. could quickly replace flight crews in less than a month and their carriers in less than a year. This loss imbalance meant Japan could only "Battle of Midway." Newberry County conduct defense operations. School District. Web. 31 Oct. 2011.

<http://www.newberry.k12.sc.us/mch s/battle_of_midway.htm>.

 Date of the battle Leaders of the armies The strength of each army Personal Account of the battle Outcome and significance of the battle

Date, Location and Conditions

On Feb. 27, 1942 the allied forces attacked a Japanese convoy

Bad weather
interrupted communications and navigation impaired

"Battle of the Java Sea." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 26 Oct. 2011. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Java_S ea>.

Leaders of the Forces Allies American-British-DutchAustralian (ABDA) Command was under the command of Admiral Karel Doorman (KIA).

Japanese Tojo was the leader of the Japanese army at the time but as this was just a convoy, he was not present.
"Battle of the Java Sea." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 26 Oct. 2011. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Java_S ea>.

Strength of the Armies

Japanese had: 1 light aircraft carrier 2 heavy cruisers 2 light cruisers 14 destroyers 10 transports Allies had: 2 heavy cruisers 3 light cruisers 9 destroyers

"Battle of the Java Sea." Wikipedia, the Free Encyclopedia. Web. 26 Oct. 2011. <http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Java_S ea>.

 The 20 mile long convoy was quite a spectacle. An obvious laxity prevailed in the transports with their [the Allies'] ill-trained crews. Many transports emitted huge clouds of black smoke from their funnels . . . The Japanese obviously did not expect much resistance.

"The Battle of the Java Sea: February 27, 1942, by Vincent P. O'Hara." Maintenance Mode. Web. 30 Oct. 2011. <http://www.microworks.net/pacific/battles/jav a_sea.htm>.

 http://www.youtube.com/watch?v =nUNd832hOw0 This is a video of veterans detailing what it was like to fight in the Battle of Java Sea. Their views on things may surprise you.

"WW2 Battle of the Java Sea Pt2 YouTube." YouTube - Broadcast Yourself. Web. 30 Oct. 2011. <http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=nUNd832h Ow0>.

The location of the battle Was near Newgenie

Ground Forces Approximate Total US Army and Marine Corps Forces Employed: 60,000
1st Marine Division
Americal Division 2nd Marine Division 25th Infantry Division Totals

Killed

Wounded

774
334 268 216 1,592

1962
850 932 439 4,283

Approximate Total Japanese Army and Naval Troops Employed: 36,000 (of 43,000 dispatched)
Killed or Missing Died of Disease Lost at Sea POW's Evacuated 14,800 9,000 4,346 1,000 9,000-11,000

Naval Forces (Ships Sunk US Pacific and Personnel Lost)*

Carriers (CV)
Light Carriers (CVL) Other Carriers (AV) Battleships (BB) Heavy Cruisers (CA) Light Cruisers (CL) Destroyers (DD) Submarines (SS)

Japanese 0
1 1 2 3 1 11 6

2
0 0 0 6 2 14 0

The reason of this battle was that Japan attacked Pearl Harbor 1-2 May 1942 Australians evacuate Tulagi when Japanese occupies the island. 7 August Americans land 10,000 Marines on Guadalcanal and Tulagi against a 2,200 Japanese defending force.

8 August Japanese airfield captured and Americans name it Henderson Field after a Marine pilot who died during the Battle of Midway. US submarine S-44 sinks Japanese heavy cruiser Kako off New Ireland. 9 February Guadalcanal campaign ends. Americans take full control

A month after losing possession of their airfield to the Marines, the Japanese decided not only to take it back, but to reclaim Guadalcanal itself. They concentrated an assault force of more than 6,000 troops in the jungle south of Henderson Field and in mid-September began their northward thrust. The attack was well coordinated, supported by deadly Japanese naval and air bombardment.

The enemies were shooting nonstop but we were ready for battle. (click on picture below to learn more)