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Quiz

1) What is an advanced culture with cities and a


system of writing called? (Society, Civilization)
2) What is the way of life including beliefs, customs,
and practices called? (Culture, Society)
3) What type of family includes a mother, father,
and children called? ( Extended, Nuclear)
4) this provides a basis for culture (Language,
Religion)
5) A grouping of people based on rank or status.
(Social class or Hierarchy)
CULTURES OF THE
WORLD
Chapter 4
Sections 1 & 2
Understanding
Cultures
Culture- people’s way of life including,
their beliefs, customs, and practices.
Elements of Culture
 Parents pass culture to their children and
so on and so on.
 Culturaltraits are the way a people do
things. These can change with time.
 Language, spiritual beliefs, material
things, right and wrong, and government
People and their land
To study culture, geographers look at
Human-Environmental Interaction.
Environment does not always dictate
culture.
Culture can have a big impact on
environment.
Cultural Landscape- parts of a
people’s environment that they have
shaped and the technology they have
used to shape it.
Development of
Culture
4 major advances in technology-
Invention of tools millions of years ago
Control of fire
Development of farming
Development of civilization
Civilization- advanced cultures with
cities and system of writing
Agricultural Revolution- when people
began to rely mostly on farming for their
food.
Irrigation is a major factor in this revolution
Full time farming allowed people to grow
more than they need and build up surpluses
of food. This allowed others to specialize as
well outside of farming.
Led to the development of trading.
Industrial Revolution- 200 years ago
people developed power-driven machines
to make things
Development of Institutions
Institutions- customs and
organizations with social,
educational, and religious purposes.
After Agro. Revolution more
complex institutions needed to be
developed
Extended families, political
institutions,
• As cities grew other institutions were needed
Organized religion
Armies for protection
Governments
Schools
Today we have new types of institutions
Sports clubs
Universities
Corporations
Institutions are an important part of our
culture
Culture and Society
How Society is Organized
Society- group of people that share a
culture
Social Structure- pattern of
organized relationships among groups
of people within a society
Family is the most basic and most
important social unit
Social Classes
 Social Classes- groups of people
based on rank or status
 determined by: wealth, land,
education, or ancestors
Kinds of families
 Nuclear family- Mother, Father and kids
 common in developed nations
 Extended families- families that include several
generation
 less common and mainly found in developing and
rural developed nations
Language
 Language is the basis for culture
 Each culture even if within the same
country is different because of
language
Religion
 every culture has some sort of religion
 Beliefs and practices may vary
between religions
 Helps make sense of the world
 Provides comfort and hope
Helps to answer purpose and meaning of life
Guides people in ethics (standard or accepted
behaviors).
All have prayer and rituals
One or many gods
Celebrate special places and times

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