WATER PROOFING

WATER PROOFING

Waterproof or water-resistant describes objects relatively unaffected by water or resisting the ingress of water under specified conditions. Such items may be used in wet environments or under water to specified depths. Waterproofing describes making an object waterproof or water resistant (such as a camera, watch or mobile phone). "Water resistant" and "waterproof" often refer to penetration of water in its liquid state. Permeation of water vapor is reported as a water vapor transmission rate. In construction, a building or structure is waterproofed with the use of membranes and coatings to protect contents underneath or within as well as protecting structural integrity. The waterproofing of the building envelope in construction specifications is listed under '07 - Thermal and Moisture Protection' within MasterFormat 2004, by the Construction Specifications Institute, and includes roofing material as well as waterproofing materials

Oil-based waterproofing is generally used for roof leakage after construction and use only wall. This is like primer. Standards ASTM C1127-Standard Guide for Use of High Solids Content, Cold LiquidApplied Elastomeric Waterproofing Membrane with an Integral Wearing Surface ASTM D3393-Standard Specification for Coated FabricsWaterproofness D6135-Standard Practice for Application of Self-Adhering Modified Bituminous Waterproofing IEC 60529-Degrees of protection provided by enclosures (IP Code) [British Standards Institution (BSI)] BS.8102:2009 - 'Protection of Below Ground Structures against Water from the Ground'.

Important Facts about Waterproofing.

In building construction, a structure needs waterproofing. The main idea of waterproofing is to protect buildings against the damaging action of water and humidity that act negatively upon constructions. This negative effect can present itself in several ways:
Wet walls and floors. If every time there's a rainfall or a snowfall, your walls and floors of your home become wet. Flooding. It is an obvious fact that clean up for a flood could be extremely expensive. Structure deterioration. The cracks in the foundation and walls can weaken the structure. They are a serious problem and could result in the wall collapsing. Mold exposure which can create health problems. It can also cause symptoms that appear as a common cold. Respiratory problems, nasal congestion along with watery eyes, sore throat and skin irritations can be the result of toxic mold.

Classification of waterproofing systems - Surface waterproofing: done with coating plates, bituminous emulsions, vinyl pastes, resins and
sealants. - Integral waterproofing: integrated to the mass of concrete, affecting its permeability. - Hydrophanous waterproofing: integrated to the mixing water or used as curing systems.

Types waterproofing: 1. Cementitious waterproofing is often used in the internal wet areas such as
toilets. Most of the time the type of cementitious waterproofing is semi-flexible, some even toward rigid type. It is still good to use because internal toilets are not exposed to sunlight and weathering and so it do not go through the contraction and expansion process continuously.

2. Liquid waterproofing membrane

is a thin coating which consists of usually a primer

coat and two coats of top coats. It offer more flexibility than the cementitious types of waterproofing. The elongation properties of the coating can reach as high as 280%. But the durability of the waterproofing coating also depend on what type of polymer the manufacturer use for the making of the liquid waterproofing.

3. Bituminuos coating

is made of bitumen based materials and it is not suitable for

expose to sunlight. It become very brittle and fragile when long exposure to the sunlight unless it is modified with more flexible material such as polyurethane or arcylic based polymers. The flexibility of the finished products always depend on the solid content of the polymer added to the bitumen.

4. Bituminuous membrane

have torch on membrane and self adhesive membrane. Torch on membrane is the more preferred one use because of its shelf life and ease of use during application.

The self adhesive type must be use fast as the bonding properties of the membrane is reducing through time. Very often applicators find the self adhesion membrane already lose its bonding properties when they want to apply. therefore, they have to use one additional primer to prevent the debonding problem in the near future. Torch on membrane have exposed and covered types. Exposed membrane often has mineral granular aggregate to withstand the wear and tear of the weathering and the other types of membrane, contractor need to apply one protective screed to provent the puncture of the membrane. But one has to be very careful when applying the protective screed which is often cement mortar. The cement ratio has to be high and the mixing has to be thorough through out the process. There are premixed type of cement mortar in the market available for use for better quality and consistency. Site mix usually will compensate the quality of the finish work but the cost is always cheaper compared to premixed mortar.

5. Polyurethane liquid membrane

is also use for the flat roof area and exposed to weathering but it is expensive. It can offer higher flexibility. Polyurethane is very sensitive to moisture content present, therefore before application, one has to be very careful evaluating the moisture content of the concrete slab. Otherwise peeling or debonding easily observed after some time.

Project Mills

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