Articles, competition entries and essays:

Narratives (accounts)
Descriptions
Argumentatives of opinion
Argumentatives giving advantages and
disadvantages or presenting pros and cons
Reflectives
NARRATIVE ARTICLES
TITLE
PARAGRAPHS, no tab, free lines
SEMI-FORMAL LANGUAGE
PAST TENSES USED (Past Simple and
Continuous for the story line, Past
Perfect for anteriority and Future in the
Past for posteriority)
Example of tense usage:
As I entered the room I could see all
those people who were talking about
how they would go out there and
(would) hunt down those elephants and
(would) take their ivoryand as I was
listening, I remembered the sight from
some years before, when I had stood at
the edge of a field and (had) seen
hundreds of these animals lying dead,
killed by humans.
How is a narrative
constructed?
1. Getting the atmosphere right (through
rhetoric questions)
2. Setting the scene (time, place, atmosphere,
characters)
3. Initiating action (something that disturbs
the balance, the initial state of things)
4. Rising action (the story itself- the longest
part of the essay)
5. The climax (the moment of highest intensity,
a moment of crisis)
6. The resolution (where the crisis is solved- in
a positive, negative or open way)
TOPIC AND TITLE
The most frightening experience I have
ever had

Fate-struck
GETTING STARTED
When was the last time you felt that
you were powerless against the pranks
life plays on you when you feel you are
happiest? Have you ever experienced
a normal day turn into the most terrible
nightmare? I have, and I would
certainly not want to live it again!
SETTING THE SCENE
It was a normal morning, one of those warm
September Saturdays when you have no care in the
world. I had just woken up to the smell of freshly
brewed coffee and the sound of the morning news,
and I was getting ready for a shower. Just as I was
slipping into my towel, I heard some newsflash
about a series of avalanches that had struck in
different parts of the world, and a slight feeling of
uneasiness seized me. Oh, well, I said, shrugged
and opened the door to the bathroom. Just then,
the doorbell rang. And the very instant I looked
through the peep hole and saw Andys face, I knew
that something had gone terribly wrong. I let him in,
my hands shaking, my mind gone blank. It was
about Travis, I just knew it
INITIATING ACTION
Sit down, he said, and I obeyed
blindly. I felt numb, my heart sunken.
Theyve lost contact with them an
hour ago. Theres been an avalanche
there. We dont have a clue as to
whether theyre alive or not..
RISING ACTION
(FLASHBACK)
Travis, my husband, an accomplished
mountain climber and a keen extreme
sportsman, had finally managed to get
a sponsorship to climb one of the most
dangerous spots in the world, the
Hungaga Rocks. 8 years he had
yearned to go there, a yearning that
had literally turned into a deep
obsession and eventually had had a
chance to come true.
RISING ACTION + CLIMAX
I dont really remember how I pulled myself together and
how I got on my way to the place of the disaster..All I
know is that, as I got out of the car that had brought us
there, I felt utter shock at the view.. Tens of paramedics
and rescue teams, cars, ambulances, choppers, wounded
people, even covered corpses. And any of them could
have been him! Just then, Andy came towards me and
said: Annie, I think we will need to have a look at a
body. It matches the description of Travis.
What I felt then? I dont know, I just know that my knees
wouldnt listen, that my head started spinning, that an
unheard prayer stuck on my lips and mind as the
paramedic started unzipping the bag where the body lay
covered

RESOLUTION
POSITIVE SOLUTION
And just a split second before the body lay
uncovered before my eyes, I heard Travis voice
behind mefeeble, almost whispering, but it was the
most beautiful sound Id ever heard. I turned slowly
around..

NEGATIVE SOLUTION
And before I even looked at it, I heard Andy grasp for
air, and I knew that, there and then, my life had
turned a corner in the most terrible way imaginable.
I cast my eyes on the body. There he was, frozen in
death, and but for the paleness of his face, he
seemed to be sleeping..
The most frightening experience I have ever had
Fate-struck
When was the last time you felt that you were powerless against the pranks life plays on you when you feel you are
happiest? Have you ever experienced a normal day turn into the most terrible nightmare? I have, and I would
certainly not want to live it again!

It was a normal morning, one of those warm September Saturdays when you have no care in the world. I had just
woken up to the smell of freshly brewed coffee and the sound of the morning news, and I was getting ready for a
shower. Just as I was slipping into my towel, I heard some newsflash about a series of avalanches that had struck
in different parts of the world, and a slight feeling of uneasiness seized me. Oh, well, I said, shrugged and opened
the door to the bathroom. Just then, the doorbell rang. And the very instant I looked through the peep hole and
saw Andys face, I knew that something had gone terribly wrong. I let him in, my hands shaking, my mind gone
blank. It was about Travis, I just knew it

Sit down, he said, and I obeyed blindly. I felt numb, my heart sunken. Theyve lost contact with them an hour
ago. Theres been an avalanche there. We dont have a clue as to whether theyre alive or not..

Travis, my husband, an accomplished mountain climber and a keen extreme sportsman, had finally managed to get
a sponsorship to climb one of the most dangerous spots in the world, the Hungaga Rocks. 8 years he had yearned
to go there, a yearning that had literally turned into a deep obsession and eventually had had a chance to come
true.

I dont really remember how I pulled myself together and how I got on my way to the place of the disaster..All I know
is that, as I got out of the car that had brought us there, I felt utter shock at the view.. Tens of paramedics and
rescue teams, cars, ambulances, choppers, wounded people, even covered corpses. And any of them could have
been him! Just then, Andy came towards me and said: Annie, I think we will need to have a look at a body. It
matches the description of Travis.

What I felt then? I dont know, I just know that my knees wouldnt listen, that my head started spinning, that an
unheard prayer stuck on my lips and mind as the paramedic started unzipping the bag where the body lay
covered




Sit down, he said, and I obeyed blindly. I felt numb, my heart
sunken. Theyve lost contact with them an hour ago. Theres been
an avalanche there. We dont have a clue as to whether theyre alive
or not..

Travis, my husband, an accomplished mountain climber and a keen
extreme sportsman, had finally managed to get a sponsorship to climb
one of the most dangerous spots in the world, the Hungaga Rocks. 8
years he had yearned to go there, a yearning that had literally turned
into a deep obsession and eventually had had a chance to come true.

I dont really remember how I pulled myself together and how I got on
my way to the place of the disaster..All I know is that, as I got out of
the car that had brought us there, I felt utter shock at the view.. Tens of
paramedics and rescue teams, cars, ambulances, choppers, wounded
people, even covered corpses. And any of them could have been him!
Just then, Andy came towards me and said: Annie, I think we will
need to have a look at a body. It matches the description of Travis.

What I felt then? I dont know, I just know that my knees wouldnt
listen, that my head started spinning, that an unheard prayer stuck on
my lips and mind as the paramedic started unzipping the bag where
the body lay covered
Descriptive articles/
competition entries



General format and
content

You might be asked to
describe:
PEOPLE

OBJECTS

EVENTS

PLACES

Descriptions of people:
Describe a person that has had a
positive/ negative influence on you
Describe your favorite singer/ actor
Describe your favorite writer/ fictional
character
Describe your ideal teacher
Describe your favorite news presenter
Describe a historical personality that
has greatly influenced their time

Descriptions of objects
Describe an object that has been in
your family for generations

Describe an object you fancy very
much

Describe the greatest gift that you have
ever made/ received
Descriptions of places
Describe your ideal home

Describe your favorite holiday spot

Describe your favorite winter landscape

Describe your ideal holiday location

Describe your neighborhood

Descriptions of events
Describe a visit to a concert

Describe a national, regional or
international festival

Describe an anniversary that you
attended

Describe a visit to an art gallery/
exhibition

General content points
Introduction: a general reflection on the
topic
Body:
when/ where/ how you met the person/ saw
the place etc
Physical description
Moral portrait
Narrative supporting your main points
Ending: admit weaknesses, but cover
them, sum up your main points

Example: Description of your
favorite character from fiction
Intro: reflection on the importance of
literature in a persons life, the impact
of fictional character in the formation of
the individual in terms of intellect, soul,
values, outlook on life

Body: I discovered when I
read.about 2 years ago, because I
had to read it for school/ a friend
recommended it etc. What first struck
me about him/ her was

The character is described directly/
indirectly by the author, and from the
description I gather that he / she is
(description are made from general to
particular- size, height, build, hair color,
then the more particular
characteristics)

Morally speaking, (mention a number
of characteristics that the hero displays
morally, intellectually and emotionally

The two/ three most important
characteristics, however, are/ I
discovered them when, for example,
the character was at one time faced
with a situation when he/ she had to
I do admit that there are flaws to this
character, because, as any human, he
is not perfect, which makes him even
more realistic. For instance, he is at
times.., but this is really unimportant
taking into account his many positive
features.


Therefore, due to his many positive
qualities, due to the fact that I have
learned a great deal from him/ her in
terms of.. and due to the fact that my
way of thinking has changed because
of him/ her, I consider to be the best
fictional character ever
DESCRIBE YOUR FAVORITE
WINTER LANDSCAPE



By Cristina Rusu


How often do we rush by, so engrossed in our thoughts and worries, completely oblivious to what life offers us?
Funny how we call the most grandose and immensely beautiful instances the simple and little things in life.
We ignore nature completely, or, in the luckier cases, we cast it a brief glance, ignoring the fact that nature has been
the ultimate inspiration for poets and artists alike and the refuge and haven for all humanity.
A moment of natural perfection, changing Man in an incredibly powerful wayTHAT, I had experienced more than
once, but perhaps the most breathtaking sight was the one that lay before my eyes some three years ago, on the top of
a glacier in the Austrian Alps.
NOT that I had not expected splendor NOT that I had not wanted to relive a winter just like the ones I used to know as a
child.
After all, those were the reasons I had chosen to go there. But never had I imagined that heaven can, indeed, be found on
earth.
An incredibly clear morning lay ahead of us, as we started our ascent in the ski lift towards the top of the glacier,
some 3000 meters above sea level.
No cloud in the skies, not a gust of wind to stir the motionless fir trees, no mark in the spotless wintry layer. Just a
thick blanket of blindingly white snow, the peaks, the sheer cliffs and the alpine void against the immense blue of the
sky.
I felt almost angry at the screeching sound of the ski lift, almost indignant at the thought that it was disturbing this peace
and quiet. It was as if we had no place there, no meaning, and I could not help wondering how long it would be before
man would
spoil this, as well, just like he has so many things before and just like he does incessantly, like a pampered little child.
Just then, as I was contemplating the solitude and beauty around me and I was wondering about the chances of it
staying like this forever, the wind started blowing mildly, and the first clouds appeared. White and fluffy, like sugar
cotton, I could have jumped and dived in them, convinced that the jump would have landed me in the midst of a pillow
like conglomerate.
And, some instances later, finishing our ascent, as I got off the ski lift, I was startled. Below me lay the clouds, an
endless sea, only a few peaks emerging from it, like islands in the sun. Was that real? It couldnt have beenwas I
really above the clouds or were my eyes playing tricks on me?
No, there I was, flesh and blood, above the clouds, with no airplane to land me there or drag me along. And the most
vivid feeling of elation and exhilaration seized me, as, with a cry, we wildly started down the steep slope, one by one,
swallowed by the sea of clouds.
I have never since been able to get that sight out of my mind. And I am certain I have been blessed to live those
moments of pure admiration, beauty and exultation.
Life is, after all, not measured in the number of breaths that you take, but in the moments that take your breath away














How often do we rush by, so engrossed in
our thoughts and worries, completely
oblivious to what life offers us?
Funny how we call the most grandose and
immensely beautiful instances the
simple and little things in life.
We ignore nature completely, or, in the
luckier cases, we cast it a brief glance,
ignoring the fact that nature has been
the ultimate inspiration for poets and
artists alike and the refuge and haven for
all humanity.

A moment of natural perfection, changing
Man in an incredibly powerful
wayTHAT, I had experienced more
than once, but perhaps the most
breathtaking sight was the one that lay
before my eyes some three years ago,
on the top of a glacier in the Austrian
Alps.
NOT that I had not expected splendor
NOT that I had not wanted to relive a winter
just like the ones I used to know as a
child. After all, those were the reasons
I had chosen to go there.



But never had I imagined that heaven can,
indeed, be found on earth.

An incredibly clear morning lay ahead of
us, as we started our ascent in the ski lift
towards the top of the glacier, some 3000
meters above sea level.

No cloud in the skies, not a gust of wind to
stir the motionless fir trees, no mark in
the spotless wintry layer. Just a thick
blanket of blindingly white snow, the
peaks, the sheer cliffs and the alpine
void against the immense blue of the
sky.

I felt almost angry at the screeching
sound of the ski lift, almost indignant at
the thought that it was disturbing this
peace and quiet.

It was as if we had no place there, no
meaning, and I could not help
wondering how long it would be before
man would spoil this, as well, just like
he has so many things before and just
like he does incessantly, like a
pampered little child.

Just then, as I was contemplating the
solitude and beauty around me and I
was wondering about the chances of it
staying like this forever, the wind
started blowing mildly, and the first
clouds appeared. White and fluffy, like
sugar cotton, I could have jumped and
dived in them, convinced that the jump
would have landed me in the midst of a
pillow-like conglomerate.

And, some instances later, finishing our
ascent, as I got off the ski lift, I was
startled. Below me lay the clouds, an
endless sea, only a few peaks emerging
from it, like islands in the sun. Was
that real? It couldnt have beenwas I
really above the clouds or were my
eyes playing tricks on me?

No, there I was, flesh and blood, above
the clouds, with no airplane to land me
there or drag me along. And the most
vivid feeling of elation and exhilaration
seized me, as, with a cry, we wildly
started down the steep slope, one by
one, swallowed by the sea of clouds.

I have never since been able to get that
sight out of my mind. And I am certain I
have been blessed to live those
moments of pure admiration, beauty
and exultation.


Life is, after all, not measured in the
number of breaths that you take, but in
the moments that take your breath
away

Types of writing tasks
Newspaper and magazine articles
Competition Entries
Essays
Contributions to guidebooks and brochures
Formal letters
Informal letters
Reports
Proposals
Reviews
Leaflets
Memos
Notices
Announcements
Personal notes and messages
TYPES OF FORMAL
LETTERS
OF APPLICATION
OF INQUIRY
OF SUGGESTION
OF APOLOGY
OF COMPLAINT
CHARACTER REFERENCE
AIMS OF DIFFERENT
FUNCTIONAL TEXTS
Newspaper and
magazine articles
Competition Entries
Essays

Contributions to
guidebooks and
brochures
Formal letters
To narrate,
persuade, argument,
reflect on, describe
etc.

Inform and
persuade

Apply for, inquire
about, apologize for
etc
Reports
Proposals
Reviews
Leaflets
Memos
Notices
Announcements
Personal notes and
messages

Inform and suggest
Inform and
persuade
Inform and suggest
Inform and
persuade
Inform
Inform
Inform
inform
WHAT IS ASSESSED?
Task achievement- equal coverage of
all task points
Layout and structure
Register and vocabulary
Effect on the target reader

Accuracy- is checked and marked
separately
Task achievement

Do not leave out any of the task points required
Do not treat one more extensively than the other
Make a plan of action prior to writing your answer

Layout and structure

Mind the rules of functional texts in terms of paragraphing,
subtitles, tabs, length, introductory and ending formulae, titles
and text organizers (linkers)

Register and vocabulary

Formal, semi-formal or informal, depending on the type of
text and on the target-reader
Avoid repetitions and use a wide variety of words

Effect on the reader

What is the purpose of the text? Is it to inform, to persuade,
to criticize, to apologize? Did you manage to achieve it?



Accuracy

Refers to:

- spelling
- punctuation
- word-order
- misuse of words
- grammar structures- correctness and
variety

Dos
Read the opening paragraphs and instructions in
Part 1 very carefully to make sure you know what
your role is and who you are writing to. (register and
effect)

Plan your answer to Part 1. Remember you do not
necessarily need to use all the input information.
Usually part of the task is to select the appropriate
information. (task achievement)

Try to use your own words when using information
from the input in Part 1. (vocabulary and effect)

Select your Part 2 question carefully. Consider the
vocabulary, grammatical structures and register
required by the task. (vocabulary, register, layout
etc)

Remember that, in order to get a good mark at CAE level, you not
only need to write accurately but also to demonstrate a good range
of vocabulary and structures. Vocabulary range and structure)

Consider who the 'target reader' is and the genre (e.g. newspaper
article, formal letter) for each question and try to write in an
appropriate style and tone. (layout, content, effect, register)

Think carefully about whether the task requires you to persuade or
justify your opinion and make sure you do this in your answer.
(effect)

Allow time to check through what you have written. (accuracy)
Read the task carefully and plan an answer which addresses all the
content points of the task. Try to develop each point fully. (task
achievement)

Donts
Don't write answers that are much longer
than the 250 word limit as this means you
may have included a lot of irrelevant
material. Plan your answer carefully to avoid
this.

Don't attempt the work-related question
(Question 5) unless you have the appropriate
experience of a work situation.

Don't use a pencil.
Recognize
the
layout
TO:
FROM:
SUBJECT:
HEADING1
PARAGRAPH 1
HEADING 3
HEADING2
HEADING 4
HEADING 5
PARAGRAPH 2
PARAGRAPH 3
PARAGRAPH 5
PARAGRAPH 4
Sample Introduction
The present report is aimed at
highlighting certain aspects related to
advertising in Romania. It begins by
showing the advantages and
drawbacks of two forms of advertising.
Subsequently, it mentions their
effectiveness, ending with some
suggestions as to how and what to
change in this field in order to outweigh
the disadvantages. (52 words)
TV ads and commercials
The most popular way of advertising is
on television, because this form of
mass media enjoys the highest rate of
viewers, thus for businesses it is the
easiest way to get their message
across. A vast number of people
consider it annoying, however, saying
that it interrupts movies, shows and
other favorite programs in the most
unpleasant way.
Flyers
More than 34 % of small businesses
advertise their products by hiring
youngsters to give away flyers in the
street. This form of advertising is
effective for the moment, as the target
customer reads it and usually keeps
the message in mind; it also provides
those youngsters with a job. Still,
environmentalists claim that the
amount of paper used and thrown away
immediately is outrageously large.
Sample Paragraph
In light of the feedback received from
those asked, the aforementioned
advertising types prove effective, in
that they attract the attention of the
passer-by, they seem to be enjoyed as
original and to be boosting sales. They
are, in fact, becoming more popular
with the average citizen, fact indicated
by an average increase of 6.5 in the
sales of products advertised in these
ways. (64 words)
TO:
FROM:
SUBJECT: PUBLIC TRANSPORT IN THE CITY OF CLUJ

INTRODUCTION

THE AIM OF THE PRESENT REPORT IS TO DISCUSS THE CURRENT SITUATION OF THE PUBLIC TRANSPORT SYSTEM IN THE CITY OF
CLUJ AND WAYS OF IMPROVING IT. IT BEGINS BY PRESENTING THE ASPECT OF TIMETABLING,AND SUBSEQUENTLY IT DEALS WITH
CONDITIONS AND FACILITIES ON THE VEHICLES. NEXT, IT DISCUSSES THE QUALITY OF STAFF AND IT ENDS WITH THE ISSUE OF
SAFETY OF THE PASSENGERS.

TIMETABLES

THERE ARE ON AVERAGE FOUR BUSES PER ROUTE, WHICH SHOULD MEAN THAT ONE BUS ARRIVES EVERY SIX MINUTES. IN REALITY,
DUE TO THE HEAVY TRAFFIC, THE BAD STATE OF VEHICLES AND THE UNRELIABILITY OF SOME OF THE CONDUCTORS, THE SERVICES
RUN LATE AND THE STATIONS ARE FILLED WITH DISSATISFIED CUSTOMERS. IT HAS BEEN SUGGESTED THAT MORE BUSES SHOULD
BE INTRODUCED, THAT THERE BE SPECIAL ROUTES AND THAT NEW LAWS AND REGULATIONS BE ENFORCED TO ENSURE THE
FLUENCY AND PUNCTUALITY OF SERVICES.

CONDITIONS AND FACILITIES

MOST VEHICLES ARE OLD AND BATTERED, THUS THE ONLY SOLUTION WOULD BE REPLACING THEM, AS REFURBISHING THEM WOULD
AMOUNT TO TOO MUCH. ALSO, WHILE THERE ARE DISCOUNTS FOR THE ELDERLY, THERE ARE NO FACILITIES FOR THE DISABLED
WHATSOEVER. AS MEMBER OF THE EUROPEAN UNION, ROMANIA SHOULD RETHINK THE ENTIRE PUBLIC TRANSPORTATION WITH THIS
IN MIND.

PERSONNEL QUALITY

ACCORDING TO A RECENT SURVEY, AN INCREASING NUMBER OF PEOPLE DECLARE THEMSELVES DISSATISFIED BY THE ATTINTUDE
OF THE CONDUCTORS AND CONTROLLERS ABOARD. THIS CLEARLY SUGGESTS THE NEED FOR PR TRAINING COURSES FOR THE
PERSONNEL, AS WELL AS INCREASING WAGES AS A WAY TO MOTIVATE THEM, AS IT IS WELL-KNOWN THAT THE SALARIES ARE VERY
LOW IN THE PROFESSION.

SAFETY

IT HAS BEEN REPORTED THAT THE NUMBER OF ATTACKS AND MUGGINGS ON PUBLIC TRASPORT HAS INCREASED. IN ADDITION, THE
CARELESSNESS OF DRIVERS HAS AMOUNTED TO A GREAT NUMBER OF INJURIES, DUE TO ABRUPT BRAKING OR STARTING, OR TO
LEAVING THE STATION WITHOUT CLOSING THE DOORS OF THE VEHICLE. IT HAS BEEN SUGGESTED THAT A POLICE OFFICER SHOULD
BE ALLOCATED FOR EACH BUS AND THAT HARSHER LAWS SHOULD BE IMPOSED ON RECKLESS DRIVERS TO PREVENT ACCIDENTS
FROM HAPPENING.


Report about means of
entertainment in your city
Refer to:

- Sports centers and other sporting
facilities
- Entertainment by day
- Evening and nighttime
P1: -aim of the report; what each
paragraph contains; how it ends
P2: -sports centers and other facilities:
where/ what they are, conditions, how
popular they are; expensive/ cheap,
equipment, facilities etc
P3: -entertainment by day: cinema,
theatre, cafes, circus, internet cafes etc
P4: -entertainment by night: bars, pubs,
restaurants, clubs and concerts
P5:- conclusions and prospects for the
future

Introduction
The aim of the present report is to present what the city
of Cluj offers the citizens in terms of entertainment.
It covers several aspects, such as sports centers,
daytime entertainment and night life. The report
ends with conclusions and prospects for the future.
OR
The present report is aimed at presenting ways of
entertainment in the city of Cluj. It begins by
showing the various sports centers and similar
facilities. Subsequently, it highlights entertainment
possibilities by day and it continues with presenting
the choices the citizens have by night. It ends with
conclusions and future prospects.

It presents
It highlights
It covers the aspects of
It shows
It focuses on
It describes
It explains
etc
Conclusion
To sum up all the aforementioned, it clearly emerges
that the city of Cluj offers a wide range of
opportunities for both residents and tourists and
that it basically caters for all needs. In addition, the
City Hall is currently encouraging investment
projects for a new mall, a sports center, a new
cultural center that will house a theatre and an
German opera and several new restaurants offering
international cuisine, to make the city more
comfortable for its residents and more attractive to
visitors.
Name Of Club + attractive logo
Introduction
Heading 1
Answer Paragraph 1
Answer Paragraph 2
Answer Paragraph 3
Heading 2
Heading 3
Conclusion, attractive ending
Sample titles
Undubbed-the Exclusively English Film
Club
Helping Hands- A Fair Share of Sharing
Tips and Tricks- Teaching is Suddenly
Fun!!!
Therapeutica- With Us, You Can Finally
Meet John Doe!!


Sample Introduction
Have you always liked sharing
experience and exchanging opinions?
Do you have a special thing for the
English language? Has it always been
your pleasure to spend time socializing
and getting to know different people?
Well, then Wellings is definitely the
right place for you!
Heading and paragraph
What can I do there?

Well, for a start, a selection of interesting
activities is awaiting you. From round-table
discussions, film viewings and subsequent
debates to drama and simple group therapy
sessions, there is something here to cater for
every need. All activities are monitored by
our friendly and professional staff.
Sample conclusion
So, what are you waiting for? If team
work and professionalism, as well as a
good chance to speak English is what
you are looking for, join us! You wont
regret it! Your spare time will never be
dull again!
Alternate: The ultimate language booster
club

Are you loking for an alternative to spend
your free time?
Have you grown tired of the same boring
things, day in, day
out? Do you want to meet new people, do
new things that will
challenge your skills, speak to natives and
relax in a joyful and welcoming spot? Well,
if this is
what you want, search no more. We are
the answer for you.
Where can I find you?

We have found the perfect place to host
you while you are
endulging in the various things we offer.
Our club is located
downtown, next door to the famous Jazz
Club. Just go down the
stairs and you will see our logo shining
right above the
entrance. The first room hosts the drama
and debate club, then
you enter the world of movies and
discussion and last there is
the entertainment area
What can I do there?

Oh! This is a tough question, as we don't
know where to begin,
since there are so many things on out
schedule. Twice a week
we work on plays and learn how to act and
direct under the
supervision of pros. Three afternoons you
can watch oscar
movies with our natives and discuss all
there is to them.
Debates are held on a daily basis and the
entertainment area
is open as long as the club is. You can find
the exact days on
our website
How can I become a member?

All you need to do is be at least 14, provide
proof of your
age, bring a passport-sized photo and 10
Ron- yes, you have
heard us right, that is all you need to pay
for a month! And
if you prove to be a regular atender, we will
have occasional
discounts and surprises for you. No smart
clothes required,
but a smart and responsible attitude.
So, are you still hesitating? We have
everything, from
language boosters to socializing tools in
our fun factory.
Oh, and one more thing: the first 50
members will get three
months free of charge. Bring your friends
along for the
perfect alternative!

Alternate: The ultimate language booster club

Are you looking for an alternative to spend your free time? Have you grown tired of the same boring things,
day in, day out? Do you want to meet new people, do new things that will challenge your skills, speak to
natives and relax in a joyful and welcoming spot? Well, if this is what you want, search no more. We are
the answer for you.

Where can I find you?

We have found the perfect place to host you while you are ndulging in the various things we offer. Our club is located
downtown, next door to the famous Jazz Club. Just go down the stairs and you will see our logo shining right above the
entrance. The first room hosts the drama and debate club, then you enter the world of movies and discussion and last
there is the entertainment area.
What can I do there?

Oh! This is a tough question, as we don't know where to begin, since there are so many things on out schedule. Twice a week
we work on plays and learn how to act and direct under the supervision of pros. Three afternoons you can watch Oscar
movies with our natives and discuss all there is to them. Debates are held on a daily basis and the entertainment area is open
as long as the club is. You can find the exact days on our website
How can I become a member?

All you need to do is be at least 14, provide proof of your age, bring a passport-sized photo and 10 Ron- yes, you have
heard us right, that is all you need to pay for a month! And if you prove to be a regular atender, we will have occasional
discounts and surprises for you. No smart clothes required, but a smart and responsible attitude.
So, are you still hesitating? We have everything, from language boosters to socializing tools in our fun factory. Oh, and
one more thing: the first 50 members will get three months free of charge. Bring your friends along for the perfect
alternative!
BODY
BODY
BODY
Dear Sir/Madam,
I hope you will give my letter thorough consideration,
I look forward to hearing from you soon,
Date
Addr. Of recipient
SIGNATURE
Addr. Of sender
Yours faithfully,

John Smith

Letter of complaint
I am writing to you to complain about a
holiday which I booked with your company
and which proved to be utterly dissatisfying.
I signed a contract with your firm on July 15
th

2008 regarding a seaside holiday in Crete,
which I found advertised in you brochure
earlier this year. I am Jane Evans, mother of
three, and I work as editor-in-chief for The
Guardian. In the following paragraphs, I will
bring to your attention the aspects which
caused my disappointment with your
services.

In your brochure, you promised a great
number of facilities that proved to be
non-existing. To begin with, it was
stated that tourists would be
accomodated in a four-star hotel with
room-service and childcare facilities.
Furthermore, we were promised a clean
beach with fine sand about 100 meters
form the hotel. Unfortunately, most of
these claims were false.

In reality, upon arriving at the location,
we were shocked to find out that the
hotel was in fact a three-star hotel
lacking the promised childcare
facilities. There was room-service, but
of an extremely poor quality.
Apparently, the personnel of the hotel
found it annoying when the guests had
the exaggerated pretention of being
attended in their rooms in the morning.

In addition, being directed towards the
beach pertaining to the hotel, imagine
out surprise when the pristine sandy
beach proved to be a littered pebbled
beach with refuse floating in the waters
of the bay. We could not allow our
children to get into the water there, so
we had to pay for entrance to a
neighboring beach, which was, indeed,
clean and sandy, but, and let me say
this again, we had to pay for it, which
was by no means part of our
agreement.

As you must admit, we cannot possibly
declare ourselves satisfied with the
treatment we received, which is why we
must ask your company for a full
refund on our holiday, as well as cover
for the additional expenses we were
forced to make. We regret to inform
you that, unless you comply with our
demands in a month time, we will see
ourselves forced to take legal action. I
will also see to the fact that the
newspaper I work for publish an article
describing the reality regarding the
services of your company.
LETTER OF APOLOGY
Dear Sir,
I am writing to you with reference to
your letter of complaint regarding the
Crete family holiday which you booked
with our company on June 15, 2008.
My name is Verne Gyula and I am the
PR officer of the tourist company which
caused you dismal. On behalf of the
company, I would like to express my
sincere regrets for the inconveniences
which occurred during your stay in
Crete.
To begin with, I would like to
specifically insist on the fact that we
deeply regret this, as it is not our
practice to make vain promises. There
is, however, one detail which I need to
bring to your attention so as to make
you understand what happened in
reality. In the summer, our company
underwent dramatic changes in
personnel and the board of directors
also changed completely. This is why
we experienced a period of imbalance
and, naturally, quality had to suffer.

With reference to the problems
mentioned in your letter, we feel you
are right to be disappointed. We would
like to explain what happened,
however. Firstly, the four-star hotel
advertised in our brochure was subject
to arson, thus all tourists were
relocated to the neighboring hotel,
where unfortunately there were no
childcare facilities, but similar
conditions. With regard to the
impoliteness of the personnel, we
apologize on behalf of the hotel
management, and we assure you that
we will see to it momentarily.
As for the beach you paid for, this was
a misunderstanding, as that particular
stripe of beach was part of the
agreement between the hotel and the
local authorities and you should not
have paid for it.
Sample paragraph for
letter of application
I am writing to you to apply for the
position of sales manager which I saw
advertised in The Guardian on June 5
th
,
this year. My name is John Doe and I
am a 23 year-old university graduate
from Cluj- Napoca, Romania. I firmly
believe that I am suitable for the job
which is offered by your company.



To begin with, I have always considered
that a good education is the key to a
successful life. With this in mind, I
obtained my Masters Degree in
Management in July 2008. Previously, I
was a student at the Faculty for
Economic Sciences in Cluj- Napoca,
where from I graduated with top
results, thus becoming a Bachelor of
Science in 2007. I also enrolled in a
number of courses which helped me
boost my knowledge and skills.


Furthermore, with reference to my work
experience, I have constantly sought to
train and expose myself to the real
world of work; thus, when I had the
chance in my freshmans year to
volunteer for a local organization that
helped new investors with management
techniques, I did not hesitate to take on
the challenge. I worked in that field for
four years and, immediately upon
graduation, I applied for a job in a small
company, where I still work. However, I
now feel it is time for me to move on.
I firmly believe I have benefited from
every course attended and from every
single day of work so far. My personal
and professional qualities have
surfaced and greatly improved and
presently I believe myself to be aware
of the new trends, flexible, willing to
improve, hard- working and a team
player. I have also become more aware
of the necessity to be punctual, polite
and serious in every endeavor. I
believe in sharing and helping people,
as well as in constant personal and
professional development.

Due to all the aforementioned, I
honestly believe that I possess the
necessary skills and abilities that are
needed by your company and I also
believe that working for you would offer
me the chance of a lifetime, as I am
ready to commit and contribute to the
development of your enterprise. I
enclose with my letter copies of my
diplomas and certificates, a European
CV and letters of reference from my
former employers and professors. I
would be more than happy to be called
for an interview at any time convenient
to you.
I am writing to you to apply for the position of sales manager which I saw advertised in The Guardian on June 5
th
, this year. My name
is John Doe and I am a 23 year-old university graduate from Cluj- Napoca, Romania. I firmly believe that I am suitable for the job which
is offered by your company.
To begin with, I have always considered that a good education is the key to a successful life. With this in mind, I obtained my Masters
Degree in Management in July 2008. Previously, I was a student at the Faculty for Economic Sciences in Cluj- Napoca, where from I
graduated with top results, thus becoming a Bachelor of Science in 2007. I also enrolled in a number of courses which helped me
boost my knowledge and skills.

Furthermore, with reference to my work experience, I have constantly sought to train and expose myself to the real world of work; thus,
when I had the chance in my freshmans year to volunteer for a local organization that helped new investors with management
techniques, I did not hesitate to take on the challenge. I worked in that field for four years and, immediately upon graduation, I applied
for a job in a small company, where I still work. However, I now feel it is time for me to move on.
I firmly believe I have benefited from every course attended and from every single day of work so far. My personal and professional
qualities have surfaced and greatly improved and presently I believe myself to be aware of the new trends, flexible, willing to improve,
hard- working and a team player. I have also become more aware of the necessity to be punctual, polite and serious in every
endeavor. I believe in sharing and helping people, as well as in constant personal and professional development.
Due to all the aforementioned, I honestly believe that I possess the necessary skills and abilities that are needed by your company
and I also believe that working for you would offer me the chance of a lifetime, as I am ready to commit and contribute to the
development of your enterprise. I enclose with my letter copies of my diplomas and certificates, a European CV and letters of
reference from my former employers and professors. I would be more than happy to be called for an interview at any time
convenient to you.
Sample paragraph for
letter of reference
I have known Mr. Hassan for 8 years
now as his form master and teacher of
French. During all these years, I have
been strongly impressed by his keen
desire to improve his knowledge and
skills, by his popularity among
students, as well as by his strong
interest in team work and in helping
and assisting his peers.
LETTER OF INQUIRY
I am writing to you to inquire about an
apartment for let which I saw advertised in
The Jet, dated June 4, this year. My name
is Norbert Norbert and I am a nineteen-year
old student at the Faculty for Computer
Science in London. I have just been
admitted to university and I am looking for a
flat, and yours seems to fit my needs.
However, if you were so kind as to clarify
certain aspects which I would like to know
more about, as they were not specifically
detailed by the newspaper notice.
First of all, in your notice you stated
that the location of the apartment was
ideal. I would appreciate it if you were
more specific about this matter, as I
would be in need of renting an
apartment which is located not very far
from the faculty. Also, I would like to
know whether it is close to any subway
station, and if so, to which specifically,
as I do not own a car and I will need to
use public transport to travel locally.



Moreover, you also stated that the flat
was partly furnished. It is important for
me to know what kind of furniture there
is, as I will be in need of bringing a
computer and several other items of
equipment, as well as some pieces of
furniture from my old apartment. Thus,
space and utility would be an issue
worth taking into account.

Last, but not least, another issue that
draws my attention is the fact that you
stated in your notice that the rental
price was good. I would like to know
what you mean by that, since I will be
supporting myself through university
and I need to plan my expenses
carefully.
To sum up, I would appreciate it if your
answer letter contained details
regarding my questions. I would like to
underline the fact that I am seriously
interested in renting the flat for a long
period and I am also a serious person,
so if you decide to consider me as your
tenant, you will be safe in this respect.
Review for
Introductory paragraph
-Rhetoric questions aimed at highlighting the strong points/ the theme
and genre of the book/ film/ festival etc
-Information regarding the author, type, theme, any other general data

Middle paragraph
- short plot
- atmosphere
-characters
- special effects
- style of writing
Pay attention: you should just give the reader of your review an idea
about the book/ film/ place/ event, so as to stir their curiosity about it.

Closing paragraph
-strong and weak points
-cover the weak points
-recommendation for a certain type of reader/ viewer, reasons for
recommendation

Review for
Harry Potter and the
Philosophers Stone
Have you ever wondered what
lies beyond our mere reality?
What if a different realm lies
hidden behind our mortal world?
Are you craving for mythical
beasts and heroes that display
powers beyond the imaginable?
Does the eternal battle between
good and evil fascinate you? If
these are the milestones of what
you would call a good read,
then Harry Potter and the
Philosophers Stone is a must
for you!
Written by British novelist J.K.
Rowling, this fabulous
adventure and fantasy book is
the first of what the author
promised to be a series of
seven novels following the
fortune of a young orphan in a
world of magic, where sorcerers
match their powers against the
greatest evil that ever roamed
the face of the earth.
THE STORY IS SET IN ONE OF THE MOST
BREATHTAKING PLACES ON EARTH, AN ANCIENT
CASTLE BURIED IN THE MISTS OF THE MOUNTAINS,
AT THE VERY HEART OF THE SCOTTISH HIGHLANDS,
WHERE THREE CHILDREN SLOWLY DISCOVER THE
TRUE VALUES AND BENEFITS OF FRIENDSHIP. At First
oblivious to the terrible secret that marked his infancy and
threw him on the threshold of his terrible muggle family,
young Harry gradually understands his past, as we witness
his transformation and growth into a courageous, but mostly
humane adolescent, under the wing of his headmaster and
guardian angel, Dumbledore, in the peaceful, calm and
warm Hogwarts castle which slowly becomes more than a
home to him. But not all is bliss, peace and harmony, but
also panic, fear, pain and death, as we watch him confront
the terrible Lord of Darkness, Voldemort, in a final, terrifying
battle for the invaluable Philosophers Stone, source of
immortality and supreme power.
Although at times a little oversentimental,
maybe verging on the absurd, the book
never fails to compel and enchant you,
however, and, while offering children a
fabulous time, it offers adults an equally
gripping journey peppered with biblical and
mythical references, where they can
uncover bits of reality and indulge in the
little magic we all need in our life.
Descriptive articles
General format and content
You might be asked to write
an article/ competition entry
or essay describing:

PEOPLE

OBJECTS

EVENTS

PLACES
Descriptions of people:
Describe a person that has had a
positive/ negative influence on you
Describe your favorite singer/ actor
Describe your favorite writer/ fictional
character
Describe your ideal teacher
Describe your favorite news presenter
Describe a historical personality that
has greatly influenced their time
Descriptions of objects
Describe an object that has been in
your family for generations
Describe an object you fancy very
much
Describe the greatest gift that you have
ever made/ received
Descriptions of places
Describe your ideal home
Describe your favorite holiday spot
Describe your favorite winter landscape
Describe your ideal holiday location
Describe your neighbourhood
Descriptions of events
Describe a visit to a concert
Describe a national, regional or
international festival
Describe an anniversary that you
attended
Describe a visit to an art gallery/
exhibition
General content points
Introduction: a general reflection on the
topic
Body:
when/ where/ how you met the person/ saw
the place etc
Physical description
Moral portrait
Narrative supporting your main points
Ending: admit weaknesses, but cover
them, sum up your main points
Example: Description of your
favorite character from fiction
Intro: reflection on the importance of
literature in a persons life, the impact
of fictional character in the formation of
the individual in terms of intellect, soul,
values, outlook on life
Body: I discovered when I
read.about 2 years ago, because I
had to read it for school/ a friend
recommended it etc. What first struck
me about him/ her was


The character is described directly/
indirectly by the author, and from the
description I gather that he / she is
(description are made from general to
particular- size, height, build, hair color,
then the more particular
characteristics)
Morally speaking, (mention a number
of characteristics that the hero displays
morally, intellectually and emotionally


The two/ three most important
characteristics, however, are/ I
discovered them when, for example,
the character was at one time faced
with a situation when he/ she had to
I do admit that there are flaws to this
character, because, as any human, he
is not perfect, which makes him even
more realistic. For instance, he is at
times.., but this is really unimportant
taking into account his many positive
features.
Therefore, due to his many positive
qualities, due to the fact that I have
learned a great deal from him/ her in
terms of.. and due to the fact that my
way of thinking has changed because
of him/ her, I consider to be the best
fictional character ever.
Narratives
You can be asked to narrate/ account
the plot of a book/ film/ play/ an
experience you lived as part of a group,
and which taught you important things
such as loyalty or honesty/ a
frightening experience, etc
Structure:
Intro: reflect on the topic
Body:
Setting the scene
Initiating action
Rising action
Climax
resolution
Conclusion


Setting the scene: present time, place,
characters, status quo
Initiating action: something which
happens suddenly and triggers a
change in the state of facts
Rising action: the unfolding of the story
from this moment to the moment of
highest intensity, the:
Climax: -the moment of crisis, when a
solution must be found or a decision
made
Resolution: the solution to the crisis
(you can leave it open)
Example: narrate an experience
you lived as part of a group, and
which taught you important
things such as loyalty or honesty
Intro; reflect on the importance of
experience and being part of a group
Set the scene: it all began on a
beautiful summer morning when we
decided to.
Suddenly, there was a loud bang
behind us.. (initiating action)


Rising action: unfold the story
Climax: What crisis did you land
yourselves in?
Resolution: how did you solve the
conflict?

Conclusion:
What did you learn?
How did it change you?
What would you do differently if you
could turn back time?
Planning your writing


ho - who is the target reader?
eason - why are you writing to the target reader?
nclude - what needs to be included?
ask Type - what is the task type?
dit - write the answer and finally edit it.
LETTER
Task-specific mark scheme
(TSMS)
Part 1: Task-specific Mark SchemeContent (points covered)
thank the manager for the invitation to the Arts Centre
comment on the positive points of the Arts Centre
explain why the writer was disappointed
suggest a meeting
Organisation and Cohesion
Clear paragraphs. Letter layout with opening and closing
formulae.

Range
Language of evaluation, explanation and
Formal to unmarked. Not aggressive.

Target Reader
Would be informed and would consider meeting to discuss
issues.

Sample answer
Dear Sir
I am writing to you in order to thank you for being invited to the opening of your Arts
Centre, which I attended on behalf of the Principal of my college, where I am
currently the secretary of, the Student Committee.
I was really impressed by the outstanding array of interesting books displayed in the
Arts Library, which seemed to me to be very well-laid-out. I have appreciated the Art
Gallery as well, finding the present exhibition absolutely stunning. I would be most
grateful if you could give my compliments to the chef who is responsible for the
delicious food served in the cafe, a place which has also got a very pleasant
atmosphere.
On the other hand, I was most surprised to discover that a recording studio is not
included among the facilities provided: actually, we expected it to be built, as the
majority of our students expressed their wish to have one. However, it was not clear
to me whether students will be charged for having access to the music and rehersal
rooms.
No sooner had I admired the comfort of your 300-seat cinema, than I realised that the
programme, which mainly includes famous recent productions, is not very useful for
academic purposes. We would have preferred you to offer a choice of less well-
known movies to suit the needs of our cinema courses.
Finally, I would like to point out that the 5% student discount advertised on your
leaflets does not fulfill our expectations, as we were assured that our students would
benefit from a 10% discount on all tickets.
I am sure you understand how all of these features are important to our college,
which strongly contributed to the building of your Arts Centre. Consequently, I trust
that we will be able to arrange a meeting to discuss some of the issues further. I
should mention that I am available at any time which may be convenient both for
your and for our Principal, who, albeit busy, is extremely keen to attend.
Yours faithfully
Examiners comments
Content
Task fully completed.
Organisation and Cohesion
Very well organised with good use of cohesive devices.
Accuracy
Controlled and natural use of language. Not flawless (e.g. 'I
have appreciated', 'strongly contributed').
Range
Wide range of vocabulary (e.g. 'outstanding array') and
structure (e.g. 'No sooner had I admired', 'we were assured
that').
Register
Consistently appropriate.
Target Reader
Very positive effect.
Band
5
ARTICLE
Task-specific mark scheme
(TSMS)

Content (points covered)
For Band 3 or above, the candidate's article must:

name an outdoor activity
describe the activity
explain why it is/was exciting/dangerous.

Organisation and Cohesion
Clearly paragraphed.

Range
Vocabulary related to the activity chosen.

Register
May mix registers if appropriate to approach taken by candidate.

Target Reader
Would be informed.

Sample Answer
Have you ever been in such a stressful situation, that you wish you would
vanish into thin air? Well, that's what occured to me on a sunny and warm
summer's day.

I was out with my friends and we were heading to the beach as a member of my
company had suggested the previous day. We really had the time of our lives
there. We went swimming for over an hour and after that we played beach
soccer and chatted pleasantly. All of a sudden, a friend of mine noticed a man
tied to a string jumping from over a fifty meters hight. 'Hey! That's bunjee
jumping!' he yelled with excitement. 'It's an extreme sport' someone else
added. Everyone accepted trying it out exept from me as I was scared to death.
Being shy of expressing my fear, I agreed.

As we were waiting for our turn, I was praying that time would stop and I would
escape from it all. Fortunately, this didn't happen. I got tied with an elastic
string, moved to the edge of the stage and jumped down. I was able to do
nothing but scream with fear anticipating the worst, while watching the earth
coming towards me. After some gentle shocks I was disappointed to get my
feet back to earth.

This was by far the most exciting activity of my whole life. Despite the negative
feelings that I was filled with in the beggining, I had radical change of mood
and attitude. Bunjee jumping is a perfect extreme sport that I believe everyone
should practice it and feel the adrenaline bump.
Examiners comments
Content
Good realisation of task with all points covered. Organisation and

Cohesion
Well organised with attempt to engage reader and with attention paid to cohesion.

Accuracy
Generally accurate with isolated lapses, sometimes where more complicated language is
attempted.

Range
Evidence of a range of vocabulary and structure.

Register
Consistently appropriate to genre.

Target Reader
Positive effect on target reader.

Band
4
REFERENCE
Task-specific mark scheme
(TSMS)

Content (points covered)
For Band 3 or above the candidate's reference must:
indicate how long they have known the person
describe the person's character
explain why the person would be suitable for the job.

Organisation and Cohesion
Clear organisation with appropriate paragraphing.

Range
Language of description, explanation and reasoning. Vocabulary of personal
characteristics and of work.

Register
Consistently formal or unmarked.

Target Reader
Would be informed.

Sample Answer
Dear Sir/Madam

Miss Mary Smith is an old friend of my sister and later became a friend to all
the members of my family. We have known her over ten years.

I believe Miss Smith has the necessary experience and personal qualities for
the job. She used to work in the same position for two years before teaching in
secondary school. She enjoyed meeting people and introducing our country to
visitors. We heard a lot of interesting things and how she solved problems
effectively during the time she worked as a tour guide.

She knows very well about western culture and how to communicate with
foreigners as she gained her Master degree in England and has travelled to
many English-speaking countries. She is a good team player but can also work
independently. She is open-minded and work well under pressure, these
character were shown while she while she worked as a tour guide and teacher
as well as helping our family difficulties.

I am confident that Miss Smith is well-qualified for the post and I would like to
give my full support to her application. Please don't hesitate to contact me if
you require any further information.

Yours faithfully
Examiners comments
Content
All points covered. Good realisation of task.

Organisation and Cohesion
Clearly and effectively organised.

Accuracy
Some non-impeding errors ('she...work well', 'these character').

Range
Good range of language appropriate to the task.

Register
Consistent. Achieves appropriate tone of a reference.

Target Reader
Would be informed. Positive effect.

Band
4
REPORT
Task-specific mark scheme
(TSMS)

Content (points covered)
For Band 3 or above, candidate's report must:
describe experience at trade fair
recommend company's attendance next year

Organisation and Cohesion
Clearly organised in paragraphs. Headings may be an advantage.

Range
Language of description and persuasion. Business vocabulary.

Register
Any, as long as consistent.

Target Reader
Would be informed.
Sample Answer
To: Christopher Owen, the head of the marketing department
From:The sale manager
Subject:Food Trade Fair Birmingham 2003
Date: 11 June 2003

The aim of this report is to inform the marketing department about the
character of Food Trade Fair Birmingham, which takes place every year in May.
Additionally it says about possible advantages of having a stall there.

Every year, Food Trade Fair Birmingham is getting bigger. The event is widely
known not only in the UK, but also in the whole Western Europe. This is a big
meeting of both producers and co-operators with their clients. Usually, after
finishing the fair many agreements and contracts are signed.

This year, extremely popular were booths with organic food, which is becoming
more and more popular. I think that this is a big opportunity for our company
for finding customers in England, France and other western countries.
Although our company is a household name in Poland, we are not known
abroad. We produce food of high quality which is comparable with products
from western countries. But we have one big advantage, we are much cheaper
than they are. So we should have a stall there next year. They are not very
expensive but even if we dip into our savings, this may be worth it, because we
can sign a very nice contract.

Examiners comments
Content
Task reasonably achieved - all points addressed but with limited expansion.

Organisation and Cohesion
Fairly clearly organised into paragraphs with an appropriate introduction. No headings.
Paragraphs not equal in length.

Accuracy
Satisfactory.

Range
Adequate.

Register
Mostly consistent.

Target Reader
Would achieve required effect on target reader.

Band
3
Contributions to brochures
and guidebooks
Informative texts aimed at providing the
reader with information related to a
series of museums, a place,
entertainment in a city, etc
The register is semi-formal and the aim
is to inform
layout
Clear paragraphs
No tab, free line between them
Title and sub-headings

What is allowed/ what you
should do:

Bullets
Semi-formal expressions
Numbers, percentages
Same content of paragraphs
Informative introduction
Conclusive ending
Sample answer
Write a contribution to a guidebook
about means of entertainment in your
city. You should include:

Entertainment by day
Entertainment by night
Surroundings and sporting facilities