You are on page 1of 54

Linde Engineering

Concepts of Pipe Stress


Analysis
Nilesh o Agrawal
Plant Design, Date:28.02.2008
Linde Engineering
2
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
AIM
1. The aim of this interactie session is to facilitate !nderstanding of the re"!irements of
Stress Analysis.
#. It is also aimed at red!cing the possi$ility of changes in layo!t d!ring stress analysis.
%. Anyway the interaction $etween stress gro!p and layo!t is an ongoing process.
Linde Engineering
"
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
&$'ecties of Pipe Stress Analysis
Pipe stress analsis pro!ides the necessar techni#$es for engineers to design piping sste%s
&itho$t o!erstressing and o!erloading the piping co%ponents ' connected e#$ip%ent.
The o$'ectie of stress analysis can $e listed as follows(
A( )o li%it the stresses in the piping sste% to the li%iting !al$e.
*( )o li%it the deflection in the piping sste% to the li%iting !al$e.
C( )o ens$re no++le loads are &ithin allo&a,le.
D( )o li%it the loads on s$pports.
E( )o chec- for lea-age at flange .oints.
Linde Engineering
/
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
&$'ecties of Pipe Stress Analysis
0( 1nintentional disengage%ent of pipes fro% s$pports.
2( E3cessi!e displace%ent .
4( )o Sol!e dna%ic pro,le%s d$e to fl$id ha%%er, p$lsation, %echanical !i,ration etc.
Linde Engineering
5
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
)or*ing Philosophy of Stress Gro!p
Review Bid Document
Preparation of
Work Instruction for Pipe Stress Analysis
Markup of Stress Systems on P!ID
Includes
Stress Analysis
"riteria
Different #oadin$
Parameters
Pipin$ Modelin$
! Analysis
Met%odolo$y
Stress isometrics wit% Desi$n Parameters
#ayout &roup
Linde Engineering
6
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
)or*ing Philosophy of Stress Gro!p
Perform Pipe Stress Analysis Safe 'nsafe
Add (le)i*ility
in Pipin$
Prepare Documentation
Prepare (inal
Stress Report
Linde Engineering
7
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
Magnit!de of Thermal Load
A pipe when held $etween two anchors+ when heated !p+ tries to e,pand
against its restraints res!lting in considera$le+ forces+ moments and
stresses.
Linde Engineering
8
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
Magnit!de of Thermal Load
If the pipe is to $e maintained in the heated position then there will $e an a,ial
force P to compress the increase in pipe length of -L.
)he strain de!eloped in the pipe,8, is then calc$lated as
89:L/L 9;
)he internal stresses de!eloped d$e to this strain is
<9E8 9E; ===4oo-e>s La&
Linde Engineering
?
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
Magnit!de of Thermal Load
)he force re#$ired to co%press ,ac- is then defined ,
P9A< 9A E;
@here,
A9Area of c/s of pipe
E9Aod$l$s of Elasticit of Pipe %aterial
P9Co%pressi!e 0orce
<9Stress de!eloped
:L9A3ial co%pression of pipe
L9Length of Pipe
Linde Engineering
B0
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
Classification of Loads on Piping
#oads on Pipin$
Primary #oadin$
Sustained #oads like
dead wei$%t etc+
,ot Self#imitin$ in nature
i.e.; deformation will not
bring relaxation on stress.
Secondary #oadin$
#oads due to
-%ermal .)pansion etc+
Self#imitin$ in nature
i.e.; deformation will result
in redistribution of stress.
Linde Engineering
BB
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
Loads on Piping
Pressure Internal/External
Static Loading
#oadin$
Restraint,
Differential Growt
!em"erature
Dead @eight
CPipe @t. Dns$l @t(
#eigt
Li!e @eight
CEperating, Sno&(
$riction
D%namic Loading
Random
#ind, Eart&ua'e
(armonic
)ibration, Pulsation
Im"ulse
Relief *al*e, $luid
ammer, Slug $low
Linde Engineering
B2
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
.e"!irements of ASM/ 0%1.%
Stresses d$e to S$stained Loads:
S
L
12 )S
h
)he thic-ness of pipe $sed in calc$lating S
L
shall ,e the no%inal
thic-ness less the erosion and corrosion allo&ance. )his is calc$lated ,
loo-ing at Cla$se "02.".5 Cc(
@here,
SL 9S$% of longit$dinal stress to press$re &eight and other s$stained loading, FPa
S
h
9*asic allo&a,le stress at the operating te%p., FPa
@9@eld .oint strength red$ction factor

Linde Engineering
B"
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
.e"!irements of ASM/ 0%1.%
Allowa$le 3isplacement Stress .ange SA(
)he co%p$ted displace%ent stress range SE in a piping sste%
CPara "B?././( shall not e3ceed the allo&a,le displace%ent stress range S
A
S
/
12 S
A

S
A
2 f 41.#5S
c
6 7.#5S
h
8
S
A
2 f 91.#54S
c
6S
h
8 : S
L
;< Li$eral Allowa$le Stress
f2 =.7 4N8
>7.#
Linde Engineering
B/
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
.e"!irements of ASM/ 0%1.%
)he range of ,ending and torsional stresses shall ,e co%p$ted $sing the reference %od$l$s
of elasticit at 2B
0
C and then co%,ined to deter%ine the co%p$ted displace%ent stress range
S
E
as ,elo&:
S/ 2 S
$
#
6?S
t
#
@here,
S
,
9Ges$ltant ,ending stress
S
t
9)orsional Stress 9At/2H
A
t
9)orsional Ao%ent
H 9Sectional Aod$l$s of Pipe
Linde Engineering
B5
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
.e"!irements of ASM/ 0%1.%
Stresses d$e to Eccasional Loads:
)he s$% of longit$dinal stresses SL d$e to s$stained loads, s$ch as press$re and &eight,
and of stresses prod$ced , occasional loads, s$ch as &ind or earth#$a-e, shall not
e3ceed B."" ti%es the ,asic allo&a,le stress S
h
.
Linde Engineering
B6
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
Piping Loads on Str!ct!re

The pipe weight on str!ct!re is f!nction of pipe s!pporting span.

3!e to !niform loads 4pipe weight+ ins!lation weight+ fl!id weight8 and concentrated
loads 4ales and flanges8 $ending moment occ!rs.

The pipe weights are distri$!ted !niformly across the !ns!pported span and lead to
ma,im!m $ending moment either at the center of the span or at the s!pport location+
depending on the type of s!pport !sed.
Linde Engineering
20
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
Loads on Str!ct!re

Calc!late the aerage pipe si@e on the pipe rac* tier.

Calc!late the weight of pipe $etween two col!mns in AgBm.

Calc!late the area load considering the width of the $eam.

The standard area loads for pipe rac*s are(



Main pipe rac*s( #.77 ANBm#
Secondary pipe rac*s(1.57 ANBm#
Linde Engineering
2B
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
Loads on Str!ct!re
Consider aerage pipe si@e 2 3N#77 4SCC : ST38
)ater filled weight for 3N #77+ SCC ST3 2 D5AgBm
Eor pipe rac* width of =m+ total nos. of 3N #77 pipes that can $e closely spaced 2 %7nos.
Total )eight 2 %7FD5F= 2 1%577 AG
Area sharing the load 2 43istance $etween # col!mns8 , 4)idth of Pipe .ac*8
2 = , = 2 %= m
#
Total Load 2 4Total )eight8B4Load Sharing area8 2 1%577B%=
Total Load 2 %D5 AgBm
#
Linde Engineering
22
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
3eflection of Pipe
Linde Engineering
2"
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
3eflection of Pipe
Linde Engineering
2/
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
Location of S!pport : Concentrated Load
Linde Engineering
25
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
Location of S!pport : Concentrated Load
Linde Engineering
26
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
Location of S!pport G Concentrated Load
Linde Engineering
27
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
Piping Arrangement : Cantileer 0eam
Linde Engineering
28
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
0asic S!pport Types
1. E!ll Anchor(
3oes not allows the pipe to moe or twist in any of the directions.
Linde Engineering
2?
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
0asic S!pport Types
#. 3irectional Anchor(
Stops moement along the a,es of the pipe+ $!t permits moement
along the sideways 4perpendic!lar direction8.
Linde Engineering
"0
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
0asic S!pport Types
%. G!ides(
Stops moement along the sideways 4perpendic!lar8 direction of
the pipe+ $!t permits moement along the a,es of the pipe.
Linde Engineering
"B
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
0asic S!pport Types
?. .esting(
Preents downward motion of the pipe. Generally+ defined to ta*e
the weight of the pipe and its components.
Linde Engineering
"2
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
Loads 3!e to Thermal /,pansion
Linde Engineering
""
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
Loads 3!e to Thermal /,pansion
Linde Engineering
"/
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
Loads d!e to Thermal /,pansion
Linde Engineering
"5
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
/ffects of Ins!fficient Ele,i$ility on Loads
Linde Engineering
"6
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
/ffects of Ins!fficient Ele,i$ility on Loads
Linde Engineering
"7
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
/ffects of Ins!fficient Ele,i$ility on Loads

)he piping arrange%ent of sensiti!e e#$ip%ents li-e p$%ps, air=cooler, co%pressor shall ,e
eno$gh fle3i,le to ta-e care of ther%al e3pansion.

St$d the piping ro$tine and calc$late the ther%al e3pansion %an$all. Calc$late the
co%pensator leg re#$ired to a,sor, the ther%al e3pansion.

Pro!ide s$pport near to the concentrated &eights, to red$ce load transfer directl at no++le.

Possi,l, first s$pport shall ,e g$iding s$pport, to red$ce no++le loads.


Linde Engineering
"8
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
/ffects of Ins!fficient Ele,i$ility
Linde Engineering
"?
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
/ffects of Ins!fficient Ele,i$ility
Linde Engineering
/0
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
/ffect of Loop Si@e on S!pport Loads
Linde Engineering
/B
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
/ffect of Loop Si@e on S!pport Loads
Linde Engineering
/2
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
/ffect of Loop Si@e on S!pport Loads
Linde Engineering
/"
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
0ehaio!r of Piping Loop : #3
Linde Engineering
//
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
/ffect of Piping Loop : %3
Linde Engineering
/5
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
/ffect of Piping %3 Loop on S!pport Loads
Linde Engineering
/6
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
.estraints Location on Piping
Linde Engineering
/7
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
.estraints Location on Piping
Linde Engineering
/8
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
.estraints Location on Piping
Linde Engineering
/?
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
A33/3 EL/HI0ILITI : AN A3JANTAG/
Linde Engineering
50
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
A33/3 EL/HI0ILITI : AN A3JANTAG/
Linde Engineering
5B
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
A33/3 EL/HI0ILITI : AN A3JANTAG/
Linde Engineering
52
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
/ffect of S!pporting on Thermal /,pansion
Linde Engineering
5"
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
/ffect of S!pporting on Thermal /,pansion
Linde Engineering
5/
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
/HAMPL/S
Linde Engineering
55
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
/HAMPL/S
2000
Linde Engineering
56
Nilesh /PD / 28.02.2008 / Concepts of Pipe Stress Analsis.ppt Linde AG Linde Engineering Di!ision
Comments
Linde Engineering
Than* yo!
for yo!r attention

You might also like