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ACTIVE LECTURES

Using Classroom Response Systems

Chapter 9: DNA: The Molecule of


Heredity
Copyright © 2008 Pearson Prentice Hall, Inc.
DNA and RNA are organic molecules. To which
group of biomolecules do they belong?

1. Proteins
2. Carbohydrates
3. Lipids
4. Nucleic acids
DNA and RNA are organic molecules. To which
group of biomolecules do they belong?

1. Proteins
2. Carbohydrates
3. Lipids
4. Nucleic acids
Which list is ordered from largest to smallest in
size?

1. DNA, nucleotide, chromosome, gene


2. Nucleotide, DNA, gene, chromosome
3. Chromosome, gene, DNA, nucleotide
4. Gene, nucleotide, DNA, chromosome
Which list is ordered from largest to smallest in
size?

1. DNA, nucleotide, chromosome, gene


2. Nucleotide, DNA, gene, chromosome
3. Chromosome, gene, DNA, nucleotide
4. Gene, nucleotide, DNA, chromosome
A scientist must test the bacterium Bacillus anthracis, which
causes anthrax, for resistance to the antibiotic Cipro. She has
no Cipro with which to determine directly whether this
Bacillus strain grows in its presence. How could she test the
strain for resistance to Cipro?
1. Infect a person with the bacterium, and see if the person
develops symptoms of anthrax.
2. Infect a person with the bacterium, and see if the person
becomes resistant to Cipro.
3. Compare the genome (DNA) of a Cipro-resistant strain of
Bacillus anthracis and that of a nonresistant strain.
4. Compare the proteome (proteins) of a Cipro-resistant strain of
Bacillus anthracis and that of a nonresistant strain.
A scientist must test the bacterium Bacillus anthracis, which
causes anthrax, for resistance to the antibiotic Cipro. She has
no Cipro with which to determine directly whether this
Bacillus strain grows in its presence. How could she test the
strain for resistance to Cipro?
1. Infect a person with the bacterium, and see if the person
develops symptoms of anthrax.
2. Infect a person with the bacterium, and see if the person
becomes resistant to Cipro.
3. Compare the genome (DNA) of a Cipro-resistant strain of
Bacillus anthracis and that of a nonresistant strain.
4. Compare the proteome (proteins) of a Cipro-resistant strain of
Bacillus anthracis and that of a nonresistant strain.
If a bacterium causes pneumonia, what would you
expect of its offspring?

1. They would die of pneumonia.


2. They would lose the ability to cause
pneumonia.
3. They would also cause pneumonia.
4. They would infect other bacteria with
pneumonia.
If a bacterium causes pneumonia, what would you
expect of its offspring?

1. They would die of pneumonia.


2. They would lose the ability to cause
pneumonia.
3. They would also cause pneumonia.
4. They would infect other bacteria with
pneumonia.
Question 9-4
You know the nucleotide sequence of only one
strand of DNA: ATGCCGAATCGATCCA. How many
total thymine nucleotides were in the original double
strand of DNA?

1. 6 6. 11
2. 7 7. 12
3. 8 8. 13
4. 9 9. 14
5. 10 10. 15
You know the nucleotide sequence of only one
strand of DNA: ATGCCGAATCGATCCA. How many
total thymine nucleotides were in the original double
strand of DNA?

1. 6 6. 11
2. 7 7. 12
3. 8 8. 13
4. 9 9. 14
5. 10 10. 15
Compare DNA structure with a ladder: The uprights
are ________, and the rungs are ________.

1. the sugar-nucleotide backbone; the phosphate


bases
2. the sugar-phosphate backbone; the nucleotide
bases
3. the nucleotide bases; the sugar-phosphate
backbone
4. the nucleotide-phosphate backbone; the sugar
bases
Compare DNA structure with a ladder: The uprights
are ________, and the rungs are ________.

1. the sugar-nucleotide backbone; the phosphate


bases
2. the sugar-phosphate backbone; the nucleotide
bases
3. the nucleotide bases; the sugar-phosphate
backbone
4. the nucleotide-phosphate backbone; the sugar
bases
Question 9-6
Why do A-T and G-C form complementary base pairs
according to Chargaff’s rule?
The DNA ladder’s rungs are the same width, so:
1. The larger A pairs with the smaller T, and the larger G pairs
with the smaller C.
2. The larger T pairs with the smaller A, and the larger C pairs
with the smaller G.
3. The larger A pairs with the smaller G, and the larger T pairs
with the smaller C.
4. The larger C pairs with the smaller A, and the larger G pairs
with the smaller T.
Why do A-T and G-C form complementary base pairs
according to Chargaff’s rule?
The DNA ladder’s rungs are the same width, so:
1. The larger A pairs with the smaller T, and the larger G pairs
with the smaller C.
2. The larger T pairs with the smaller A, and the larger C pairs
with the smaller G.
3. The larger A pairs with the smaller G, and the larger T pairs
with the smaller C.
4. The larger C pairs with the smaller A, and the larger G pairs
with the smaller T.
Question 9-7
How can only four nucleotide bases code for the
vast number of proteins in living organisms?
1. The four bases are translated differently in
different organisms.
2. There are billions of possible combinations
of sequences of the four nucleotides.
3. All organisms have the same proteins.
4. Mutations make the meaning of the
nucleotides different from their normal
meaning.
Question 9-8
How can only four nucleotide bases code for the
vast number of proteins in living organisms?
1. The four bases are translated differently in
different organisms.
2. There are billions of possible combinations
of sequences of the four nucleotides.
3. All organisms have the same genes.
4. Mutations make the meaning of the
nucleotides different from their normal
meaning.
What can you conclude about red blood cells, given
that they do not have a nucleus?

1. They divide rapidly.


2. They undergo cell division only in the blood.
3. They cannot undergo cell division.
4. They cannot undergo cell division, but they
can produce proteins.
Question 9-9
What can you conclude about red blood cells, given
that they do not have a nucleus?

1. They divide rapidly.


2. They undergo cell division only in the blood.
3. They cannot undergo cell division.
4. They cannot undergo cell division, but they
can produce proteins.
DNA replication is referred to as semiconservative
replication, because the chromosomes of each
daughter cell are composed of:

1. Two of the original parental strands of DNA.


2. Only the purines from the parental DNA.
3. All new DNA sequences.
4. One parental strand and one newly synthesized
strand.
Question 9-10
DNA replication is referred to as semiconservative
replication, because the chromosomes of each
daughter cell are composed of:

1. Two of the original parental strands of DNA.


2. Only the purines from the parental DNA.
3. All new DNA sequences.
4. One parental strand and one newly synthesized
strand.
Question 9-10
Environmental conditions can cause mutations. N-
nitrosoamines, aniline, and benzo[a]pyrene have
been found to mutate DNA. These substances are
in:

1. Alcohol.
2. Cigarettes.
3. Tanning-booth rays.
4. Hair dye.
5. Cosmetics.
Environmental conditions can cause mutations. N-
nitrosoamines, aniline, and benzo[a]pyrene have
been found to mutate DNA. These substances are
in:

1. Alcohol.
2. Cigarettes.
3. Tanning-booth rays.
4. Hair dye.
5. Cosmetics.
Do you smoke?

1. Yes, regularly.
2. Yes, once in a while.
3. No.
Which sequence shows a point mutation from the
original DNA sequence AACGCAGTG?

1. AACCCAGTG
2. AACGCAGTG
3. TTGCGTCAC
4. UUGCGUCAC
Which sequence shows a point mutation from the
original DNA sequence AACGCAGTG?

1. AACCCAGTG
2. AACGCAGTG
3. TTGCGTCAC
4. UUGCGUCAC
Which sequence shows an insertion mutation from
the original DNA sequence AACGCAGTG?

1. AACGCAGTG
2. TTGCGTCAC
3. AATAGCGCAGTG
4. UUGCGUCUC
Which sequence shows an insertion mutation from
the original DNA sequence AACGCAGTG?

1. AACGCAGTG
2. TTGCGTCAC
3. AATAGCGCAGTG
4. UUGCGUCUC

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