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-
C
Q
V
C
Circuit Equation:
0 +
dt
dI
L
C
Q
dt
dQ
I
LC
Q
dt
Q d
-
2
2
where
Q
dt
Q d
2
2
2
-
LC
1
) cos( ) (
max
+ t Q t Q
Solution to this DE:
C
L
k
x
m
F = -kx
a
Same thing if we notice that and
Electricity & Magnetism Lecture 19, Slide 3
Q
dt
Q d
2
2
2
-
LC
1
m
k
x
dt
x d
2
2
2
-
C
k
1
L m
L m
Just like in 2111
k
x
m
F = -kx
a
Electricity & Magnetism Lecture 19, Slide 4
Also just like in 2111
2 2
2
1
2
1
kx mv
Total Energy constant (when no friction present)
C
L
2
2
2
1
2
1
LI
C
Q
+
-
t e Q Q
t
Max
L
R
2
2 2 2
' -
o
Damping
factor
Damped
oscillation
frequency
LC
o
1
Natural
oscillation
frequency
Remember from 2111?
Mechanics Lecture 21, Slide 17
Overdamped
Critically damped
Under damped
Which one do you want for your shocks
on your car?
L=0.82H
Example 19.2 (Charged LC circuit)
Unit 19, Slide 18
1
2
After being left in
position 1 for a long
time, at t=0, the switch
is flipped to position 2.
The inductor now non-
ideal has some internal
resistance.
What is the equation for the charge on the capacitor at
any given time t?
C=0.01F
V=12V
R
L
=7W
R=10W
How long does it take the lower plate of the capacitor to
fully discharge and recharge?
The elements of a circuit are very simple:
This is all we need to know to solve for anything.
But these all depend on each other and vary with time!!
Electricity & Magnetism Lecture 19, Slide 19
dt
dI
L V
L
C
Q
V
C
dt
dQ
I
IR V
R
R C L
V V V V + +
V(t) across each elements
Start with some initial V, I, Q, V
L
Now take a tiny time step dt (1 ms)
Repeat
How would we actually do this?
Electricity & Magnetism Lecture 19, Slide 20
C
Q
V
C
IR V
R
dt
L
V
I d
L
Idt dQ
C R L
V V V V - -
What would this look like?
In the circuit to the right
R
1
= 100 ,
L
1
= 300 mH,
L
2
= 180 mH,
C = 120 F and
V = 12 V.
Example 19.3
Electricity & Magnetism Lecture 19, Slide 21
The positive terminal of the battery is indicated with a + sign. All elements are
considered ideal. Q(t) is defined to be positive if V(a) V(b) is positive.
What is the charge on the bottom plate of the capacitor at time t = 2.82 ms?
Conceptual Analysis
Find the equation of Q as a function of time
Strategic Analysis
Determine initial current
Determine oscillation frequency
0
Find maximum charge on capacitor
Determine phase angle
In the circuit to the right
R
1
= 100 ,
L
1
= 300 mH,
L
2
= 180 mH,
C = 120 F and
V = 12 V.
Example 19.4
Electricity & Magnetism Lecture 19, Slide 22
The positive terminal of the battery is indicated with a + sign. All elements are
considered ideal. Q(t) is defined to be positive if V(a) V(b) is positive.
What is the energy stored in the inductors at time t = 2.82 ms?
Conceptual Analysis
Use conservation of energy
Strategic Analysis
Find energy stored on capacitor using information from Ex 19.3
Subtract of the total energy calculated in the clicker question