ER12AM 2 Day Hazmat

BFFC-HAZMAT Jul 2014
2 DAY HAZMAT
BGC Fire & Rescue Service
Trainer:
Course Number: BFFC
Date:
BFFC-HAZMAT Oct 2013
2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE
AIM
To enable students understand
the actions to be taken at
incidents involving hazardous
materials.

(Arabic)
(Arabic)
2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE
OBJECTIVE

(Arabic)

(Arabic)

At the end of the session and
associated practice sessions student
will be able to:

Identify and explain where to obtain
further information at an incident
involving hazardous materials.
State the actions to be taken at an
incident involving hazardous material
to safely bring incident to a conclusion.
Define Decontamination
procedures.
Explain Hazmat equipment in use at
BGC and demonstrate its proper use.
2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE
WHAT IS A HAZARDOUS MATERIAL

Therefore a hazardous material,
is any material or substance that
in any quantity, poses a threat to
life, health, property or the
environment.

(Arabic)

(Arabic)

HAZARD
A Hazard is a potential source of harm or
adverse health effect on a person or
persons.
2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

e
HAZMAT IDENTIFICATION
The term hazardous materials covers
an entire collection of chemicals and
products that can cause a wide range of
problems.
Hazardous materials are placed in
9 different classes.
(Arabic)
(Arabic)
(Arabic)
2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

CLASS 1EXPLOSIVES
Explosives are materials or items which
have the ability to rapidly conflagrate or
detonate as a consequence of chemical
reaction.
(Arabic)
(Arabic)
HEAT
2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE
CLASS 2 -GASSES
Gases are defined as substances which
are completely gaseous at 20c at
standard atmospheric pressure. The class
encompasses compressed gases, liquefied
gases, dissolved gases, refrigerated
liquefied gases, mixtures of one or more
gases with one or more vapours of
substances of other classes.

(Arabic)
(Arabic)

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

(Arabic) Gases are capable of posing serious
hazards due to their flammability, potential
as asphyxiants, ability to oxidize and/or
their toxicity or corrosiveness to humans.
Some of the gasses which we may
encounter here at BGC include(list is not
exhaustive);
Hydrogen / hydrogen compounds
Oxygen / oxygen compounds
Nitrogen / nitrogen compounds
Natural gas
Oil gas
Petroleum gases
Butane
Propane
Methane

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE
(Arabic)
CLASS 3 FLAMMABLE LIQUIDS
Flammable liquids are defined by as
liquids, mixtures of liquids or liquids
containing solids in solution or suspension
which give off a flammable vapour (have a
flash point) at temperatures of not more
than 60-65C.

There are no sub-divisions for Flammable
Liquids.
(Arabic)
2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE
(Arabic) Flammable liquids are capable of posing
serious hazards due to their volatility,
combustibility and potential in causing or
propagating severe conflagrations. The
following list is also not exhaustive but
some of the flammable liquids you may
encounter may include;
Petroleum crude oil
Petroleum distillates
Gas oil
Shale oil
Heating oil
Kerosene
Resins
Tars
Turpentine
(Arabic) Adhesives
Paints / lacquers / varnishes
Alcohols
Gasoline / Petrol
Diesel fuel
Methanol
2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE
(Arabic)
CLASS 4 FLAMMABLE SOLIDS
Flammable solids are materials which,
under certain conditions are readily
combustible or may cause or contribute to
fire through friction, self-reactive
substances which are liable to undergo a
strongly exothermic reaction. Also included
are substances which are liable to
spontaneous heating under normal
conditions, or to heating up in contact with
air, and are consequently liable to catch
fire and substances which emit flammable
gases or become spontaneously
flammable when in contact with water
(Arabic)
2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE
CLASS 5 - OXIDIZERS
(Arabic)
Oxidizers are substances which may cause
or contribute to combustion although not
necessarily combustible in themselves, can
yield oxygen and in so doing cause or
contribute to the combustion of other
materials.

(Arabic)
2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE
CLASS 6 POISON/TOXIC SUBSTANCES
(Arabic)
Toxic substances are those which are
liable either to cause death or serious
injury or to harm human health if
swallowed, inhaled or by skin contact.
Infectious substances are those which are
known or can be reasonably expected to
contain pathogens which are
microorganisms, such as bacteria, viruses,
parasites and fungi, or other agents which
can cause disease in humans or animals.
(Arabic)
2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE
CLASS 7 - RADIOACTIVE MATERIAL
(Arabic)
(Arabic) Radioactive material as any material
containing radionuclides where both the
activity concentration and the total activity
exceeds certain pre-defined values. A
radionuclide is an atom with an unstable
nucleus and which consequently is subject
to radioactive decay.
2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE
CLASS 8 - CORROSIVES
(Arabic)
(Arabic) Corrosives are substances which by
chemical action degrade or disintegrate
other materials upon contact.
Corrosives cause severe damage when in
contact with living tissue or, in the case of
leakage, damage or destroy surrounding
materials.
(Arabic)
2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE
CLASS 9 - MISCELLANEOUS
(Arabic)
(Arabic)
Class 9 Miscellaneous are substances and
articles which present a danger or hazard
not covered by other classes. This class
encompasses, but is not limited to,
environmentally hazardous substances,
substances that are transported at
elevated temperatures, miscellaneous
articles and substances, genetically
modified organisms and micro-organisms.
2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE
(Arabic)
(Arabic)
IDENTIFICATION AND RECOGNITION
Incidents involving hazardous materials
must be identified before any action can be
taken to control the incident. Failure to
properly identify the materials involved will
only make the situation more hazardous.
Several types of information sources are
available to help responders identify
hazardous materials.

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE
(Arabic)
(Arabic) Placards Placards are 10 inch
diamond-shaped symbols that must be
applied to each side and end of a motor
vehicle, rail car, freight container, or
portable tank container carrying hazardous
materials. The color, symbol, and UN
hazard class numbers on placards alert
responders to the hazards of the material.
The 4-digit UN ID number may be shown
on the placard or on an adjacent orange
panel displayed on the ends and sides of a
cargo tank, vehicle, or rail car.

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE
(Arabic)
(Arabic)
Labels Labels are 4 inch diamond-
shaped symbols applied to packages just
as we have seen on the previous slides.
Shipping papers - Regulations require that
shipping papers must accompany
shipments of hazardous materials and
hazardous wastes.
(Arabic)

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE
(Arabic)
(Arabic) Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)-
MSDS information is completed by the
manufacturer and show Information like the
material name, physical and chemical data,
the manufacturers name, and special
precautions are typically listed.
Emergency Response Guidebook A
guidebook published by the Department of
Transportation carried on all apparatus.
The ERG was designed to assist first
responders during the initial phase of a
hazmat incident.
(Arabic)
2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE
IDENTIFICATION AND RECOGNITION (Arabic)
(Arabic)
NFPA 704 System - The National Fire
Protection Association (NFPA) 704 marking
system is primarily designed for fixed
facilities like buildings, storage tanks, or
individual rooms where hazardous
materials identification is necessary. This
system also uses a diamond-shaped
symbol, colors, and numbers, to alert
responders to the presence of hazardous
materials. Each hazard poses a varying
degree of danger and is rated on a scale
from 0 (least hazardous) to 4 (most
hazardous).
2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE
(Arabic)
(Arabic)
Pipeline markings
Container markings
Other sources Responders can obtain
valuable information by observing the
occupancy or location where the incident
occurs, the types of structures, pipelines or
containers involved etc, interviewing
Operations personnel and/or other
responsible parties, obtaining a
manufacturer or trade name of the material
or product involved, or making general
observations at the scene.
It may be a team will need to enter the risk
area to determine and gather information.

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

(Arabic)
There are many different scenarios
regarding incidents involving hazardous
material incidents.
Consideration must be given to;

Product and/or material involved
Nature of incident i.e., Fire, spill etc.
Ensuring a safe approach ( upwind,
upslope).
Staging area.

RESPONSE

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE
ON SCENE (Arabic)
Information gathering
Persons affected and requiring
rescue or immediate decontamination.
Does the area require immediate
evacuation.
What level of personal protective
equipment is required.
Selection of appropriate media.
Making isolations and containing the
spread of the incident.
Are further resources required.
Environmental considerations.
(Arabic)

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

SAFETY CONSIDERATIONS
(Arabic)
Site all personnel, equipment and control points
upwind and in a safe clear area
Wear full PPE fire fighting kit, chemical or gas
tight suits with BA if required
If possible work in a well illuminated clear area
Do not eat, drink or smoke during the incident
Avoid inhalation, ingestion and absorption of
chemicals or vapour clouds

(Arabic)

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

CORDONS AND ZONES
(Arabic)
The reasoning behind the setting of
cordons and zones is to; minimise
exposure within the HOT ZONE and
limit the extent to which the WARM
ZONE can expand.
(Arabic)
Tyne and Wear Fire and Rescue
Service
Mass Decontamination Station Officer Steve Anderson
Cordons & Zones
WARM ZONE
HOT ZONE
COLD ZONE
Wind Direction
Inner Cordon
Outer Cordon

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

CORDONS AND ZONES
(Arabic)
Hot Zone: The physical area where the hazardous
material(s) has been determined to be present.

This is the area for the potential of immediate
danger. It is within this area that all containment and
control tasks will be performed. Access to this zone
requires the highest level of protection for the
material(s) involved.
Entry to the Hot Zone is limited to those personnel
who are necessary to the performance of the
operation.
3. The size of this area is dependent upon the
product involved, the physical property of that
product, and the potential for escalation of the
incident.
(Arabic)
(Arabic)
(Arabic)

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

CORDONS AND ZONES

(Arabic)
Warm Zone: Support and safety area.

This is the area immediately surrounds
the Hot Zone and begins at a point
beyond the bounds of observable and
detectable hazards and danger. Access
to this area s restricted only to those
essential personnel necessary to assist
with the mitigation of the incident.
Back-up personnel shall be provided in
equal numbers to those operating within
the Hot zone and be ready to
intervene should the incident necessitate.
All decontamination activities will be
conducted in the area of the Warm Zone.
(Arabic)
(Arabic)
(Arabic)

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

Arabic
CORDONS AND ZONES
Dam/
Shower
Plastic
Bags
Brushes
Support
Staff
Clean
Clothes
Cold Zone: Command and /coordination,
Medical evaluation, and other support
functions.
This is the outer most safety zone
requiring security. This area should be far
enough removed from a spilled or released
product that potential for contamination is
remote. This area will include the
Command Post as well as the Staging
area.
Access to this area will be limited to Fire,
Police, Rescue and other personnel
as authorized by the Incident Commander
necessary to the operations of the
Hazardous Materials Incident.
(Arabic)
(Arabic)

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

Arabic

CORDONS AND ZONES RESPONSIBILITIES
The Incident Commander, shall appoint a
Safety Officer who will assume
responsibility for controlling access to the
Warm and Hot Zones at the
incident as well as assume over-all control
of scene safety.
Hazardous Materials Zoning requires
constant re-evaluation and monitoring of
the wind direction to insure that the
previously established Zones are adequate
for personnel safety.
Access to any Hazardous Materials
Zone shall be done at controlled access
points by personnel in the proper protective
equipment and those controlled
access points should be within the eyesight
of the Safety Officer.

(Arabic)
(Arabic)
Levels of Protection
Gas tight Liquid Tight

Fire kit

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE
Suit Fabric Properties

Chemical resistance to penetration and permeation.

Mechanical integrity to resist abrasion and puncture.

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE
(Arabic)
(Arabic)
Contamination Permeation Penetration
Breakthrough
2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE
Suit Types
Disposable

Limited life Reusable
Limited-Life Advantages
Contaminated suits are never re-used
Suits are always clean
Suits are always fit for use .
Increased wearer-confidence
Reduced suit maintenance
2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE
(Arabic)
(Arabic)
(Arabic)
(Arabic)
(Arabic)
(Arabic)
Maximum working duration in CPC should
be 20 minutes.

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE
Heat Stress
(Arabic)
(Arabic)
Heat Stress
Six basic factors

Air temperature
Mean radiant temperature
Humidity
Air velocity
Thermal properties of clothing
Metabolic rate
2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE
(Arabic)
(Arabic)
(Arabic)
Heat stress
Heat cramps
Prickly heat
Headaches
Nausea(Arabic)
Vertigo
Weakness
Thirst
Giddiness and fainting
Severe cases of unconsciousness, convulsions, mental confusion and
death.

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE
(Arabic All)
(Arabic)
Decontamination

WHAT is it?

WHO needs it?

WHEN should it be done?.
2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE
(Arabic)
(Arabic)
(Arabic)
(Arabic)
2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

Decontamination
Decontamination is the process of
removing contaminates from people,
equipment, the environment or
anything that may be contaminated.

Decontamination is primarily designed
to minimize exposure to hazardous
substances and limit the spread of
contamination.
(Arabic)
(Arabic)
(Arabic)
Chemical
Radioactive
Biological
Types of contamination
2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE
(Arabic)
(Arabic)
(Arabic)
(Arabic)

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE
Decontamination
Primary purpose:

To remove personnel from any
contaminated clothing or CPC
safely
Decontamination of equipment
is a secondary consideration,
which may be carried out at a
later time
Equipment includes CPC and
fire kit.

(Arabic)
(Arabic)
(Arabic)
(Arabic)
(Arabic)
2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

Levels of Decontamination
There are generally six types of decontamination. The on scene
commander will determine which level is applicable for
the substance involved, using any reference sources that
may state the applicable level. In the absence of such
sources, specialist advice should be sought.
The on scene commander will Nominate a
Decontamination Officer of suitable rank
and experience.
(Arabic)
(Arabic)
2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

Decontamination Officer
Actions of the Decontamination Officer
Decide from information received type of
decontamination required:-Emergency, Wet, Wet Contained, Dry.
Select suitable decontamination zone
Nominate decontamination team
Ensure sufficient decontamination equipment is available to
cater for needs of incident.
Supervise all aspects of decontamination, ensure full Specialist
information is available, confirm PPE and decontamination
requirements, have first aid information available.
Ensure contaminated clothing/equipment is bagged and labelled,
the label must identify the contaminant and the contaminated
equipment within the bag.

(Arabic)
(Arabic All)

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE
Environment
Important:

At every incident requiring the
use of decontamination, the
Environmental Impact should
be considered.

(Arabic)

(Arabic)

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

Decontamination
Decontamination may be
emergency or primary depending
on the incident and use and can
be either;
Wet: Using water with or
without detergent
Dry: Using brushes or vacuum
cleaner
(Arabic)

(Arabic)

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

Choice of method
This will be based on:

Nature of the contamination
Degree of contamination
Type of protective clothing worn
Risk to the environment

(Arabic)

(Arabic)

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

Decontamination Zone
The following factors must be taken
into account when siting the
decontamination zone:
Type of decontamination
Weather conditions and wind
direction
The slope of the ground Location
of drains (or their absence)
Operational circumstances.
Location of BA entry control
Location of a pumping appliance
Location of the incident.

(Arabic)

(Arabic)

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

Procedures
Contaminated wearers should
emerge from the risk area with a
minimum of 80 bar pressure
remaining in the cylinder
After reporting to the ECO
personnel must proceed directly
to the decontamination zone
holding area
The operations will determine
the order for personnel to be
decontaminated according to the
cylinder contents.

(Arabic)

(Arabic)

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

Arabic

Initial Decontamination
Dirty Area Clean Area
BA Board
Drain
Dam/
Shower
Plastic
Bags
Brushes
Hose
Support
Staff
Clean
Clothes
Wind

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

Arabic

Portable Decontamination Shower

Arabic

Dilution ratio: :2000 to 1

Arabic


2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

Emergency Decontamination
May be necessary where fire
service personnel have;

Inadequate protection or
sustained damage to their CPC
(including boots)
Suffered injury
A breathing apparatus
emergency.
Members of the public or site
personnel who are not protected
or who have inadequate
protection
Arabic
Arabic
Arabic
2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

Decontamination Equipment
Below is a list of typical decontamination equipment. The
list is not all encompassing and there may be items on the
list that personnel at certain hazmat incidents do not need.
Brushes, Buckets
Decontamination pools
Decontamination showers
Disposable blankets
Ground cover (plastic sheeting or tarps)
Hoses, Branches
Modesty protection
Plastic bags, Barrier tape
Soap, Sponges, Stools
Towels
Traffic cones
Arabic
Arabic

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

Summary
Do not eat, drink or smoke
during the incident
Site all personnel, appliances,
equipment and control points
upwind and in a safe clear area
Wear full fire fighting kit including
chemical and gas suits, with BA
if required

Arabic
Arabic
Arabic
Arabic

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE

Summary

If possible work in a well illuminated
clear area
Avoid inhalation, ingestion and
absorption of chemicals or vapour
clouds
Ensure equipment that can create a
spark, torches/radios, can be used
inside the danger area
Anyone feeling unwell at the incident
must report to the Incident
Commander immediately.

(Arabic)

(Arabic)
(Arabic)
(Arabic)
(Arabic)

2 DAY HAZMAT COURSE
ANY QUESTIONS?


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BFFC-HAZMAT Jul 2014

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