PLANNING COMMISION

OF INDIA
RAKESH PATIDAR
WHAT IS PLAN ?

A plan spells out how the resources of a
nation should be put to use. It should have
some general goals as well as specific
objectives which are to be achieved with in a
specified period of time. In India plans are of
five year duration and are called FIVE YEAR
PLAN
National Health Planning
National Health Planning has been defined as
the orderly process of defining community
health problems, identifying unmet needs &
surveying the resources to meet them,
establishing priority goals that are realistic &
feasible and projecting administrative action
to accomplish the purpose of the proposed
programme.
Planning process
8 steps
Analysis of the health situation
Establishment of objectives & goals
Assessment of resources
Fixing priorities
Write-up of formulated plan
Programming & implementation
Monitoring
Evaluation
PLANNING COMMISSION
The PLANNING COMMISSION is an institution in the
Government of India, which formulates Indias Five
year plan. Planning commission was set up on 15
MARCH 1950 , with Prime minister JAWAHARLAL
NEHRU as the chairman.
Planning commission (1950) Health
planning in India is an integral part of national
socioeconomic planning. to raise the standard of
health & living of the people by efficient exploitation of
the resources of the country, increasing production and
offering opportunities to all for employment in the
service of the community .
Organizational set up
Chairmen
Dy. Chairmen
Minister of State and Dy. Minister
Members of Planning Commission
Member Secretaries/ Secretaries of Planning
Commission
Function of Planning Commission
The Planning Commission's functions as outlined
by the Government's 1950 resolution are
following:
1. To make an assessment of the material, capital
and human resources of the country, including
technical personnel, and investigate the
possibilities of augmenting those are related
resources which are found to be deficient in
relation to the nation's requirement.
2. To formulate a plan for the most effective and
balanced utilisation of country's resources.

3.To define the stages, on the basis of priority, in
which the plan should be carried out and propose
the allocation of resources for the due
completion of each stage.
4. To indicate the factors that tend to retard
economic development.
5. To determine the conditions which need to be
established for the successful execution of the
plan within the incumbent socio-political
situation of the country.
6. To determine the nature of the machinery
required for securing the successful
implementation of each stage of the plan in all its
aspects.

7. To appraise from time to time the progress achieved in
the execution of each stage of the plan and also
recommend the adjustments of policy and measures
which are deemed important vis-a-vis a successful
implementation of the plan.
8. To make necessary recommendations from time to
time regarding those things which are deemed
necessary for facilitating the execution of these
functions. Such recommendations can be related to the
prevailing economic conditions, current policies,
measures or development programmes. They can even
be given out in response to some specific problems
referred to the commission by the central or the state
governments.

The planning process
The planning commission lays down long term goals
which are approved by the Govt.
5 yr goals are tentatively formulated by planning
commission
The sector-wise working groups, headed by secretary/
add sec/ Director general/advisor planning
commission, are set up & work out detail policies &
programmes to achieve goals & targets
PC prepares a short memorandum of 5 year plan in
the form of Approach paper

planning process
This paper is placed before the cabinet & NDC
where it is discussed & approved
The guidelines are sent to the states to develop
state plans
The planning dept of each state prepares its plan
on the basis of plan of each sectors in the state
Each sectors get input from the districts & blocks
The complete plan is submitted to the planning
commission
The PC discusses & scrutinizes the plans in detail
The planning process
The priorities are decided & funds are recommended
The final allocation of funds is decided in a meeting bet
the Dy. chairman & the chief minister of a respective
state
The draft FYP is prepared which states the objectives,
essential resources, targets & programmes
The draft is placed before NDC for approval
It is placed in & presented before the parliament
Then it becomes an official plan to be implemented by
various depts of central & state govts.
Five Year Health Plans in India
1st five year plan : 1951-1955
Aim :
-to fight against diseases, malnutrition, and
unhealthy environment
- to build up health services for rural population
and for mothers & children in order to
improve general health status of the people.

Outlay: Total- 2356 crores
For health sector- 140 crores (5.9%)
Achievements during
1st FYP The central council of health was
constituted -1952
National malaria control programme-1953
National family planning programme-1953
National leprosy control programme- 1954
National water supply & sanitation programme-
1954
National filarial control programme-1955
The prevention of food adulteration act -1954
Contributory health services scheme-1954
2nd five year plan : 1956-1960
Aim:
to expand existing health services to bring them
with in the reach of people so as to promote
progressive improvement of nations health.

Outlay: Total 4800 crores
For health programmes 225crores (5%)
Achievements
during 2nd FYP National malaria control
programme was switched over to national
malaria eradication programme-1958
Institutions established-Central health
education bureau-1956, National Tuberculosis
institute, Bangalore-1956
3rd five year plan : 1961-1965
Aim:
to remove the shortages & deficiencies which
were observed at the end of the 2nd five yr plan
in the field of health. These were pertaining to
institutional facilities especially in rural areas,
shortages of trained personnel & supplies, lack of
safe drinking water in rural areas and inadequate
drainage system

Outlay: Total- 7500 crores
For health programmes- 342 crores( 4.3%)
Achievements
National small pox eradication programme -1962
National goiter control programme -1962
School health programme- 1962
District TB control programme- 1962
National Trachoma control programme- 1963
Institutes: Central bureau of health intelligence
(1961),
National Institute of Communicable diseases
(1963),
National institute of health administration &
Education (1964)
Annual Plans 1966-69
The 4th FYP which was to commence from
1966 was postponed till 1969 due to uncertain
economic situation in the country due to Indo-
Pak War. This intervening period was covered
by annual plans with an outlay of 6756cores,
of which 316 crores (4.7%) were allotted for
health programmes
4th five year plan : 1970-1974
Aim
To strengthen PHC network in the rural areas for
undertaking preventive, curative, family planning
services & to take over the maintenance phase of
communicable diseases.

Outlay: Total -16774 crores
For health programmes- 1156 crores (7.2%)
Achievements during 4th FYP
Chittaranjan mobile hospitals (1970)
Postpartum family planning programme
(1970)
Medical termination of pregnancy facility
(1971)
Multipurpose health workers scheme (1973)
National programme of minimum needs
(1973)
5th five year plan : 1975-1979
Aim:
To provide minimum level of well integrated health,
MCH & FP, nutrition & immunization to all the people
with special reference to vulnerable groups especially
children, pregnant women, & nursing mothers, through
a network of infrastructure in all the blocks & well
structured referral system.

Outlay: Total- 37250 crores
For health programmes- 3277 crores (8.8%)

Achievements during 5th FYP
Rural health scheme (1977)
Integrated child development scheme (1975)
Community health workers scheme (1977)
National malaria eradication programme was replaced
by modified plan of operation (1977)
20 point programme (1975)
National programme for prevention of blindness (1976)
Reorientation of medical education scheme (1977)
Expanded programme of immunization (1978)
Parliament approved child marriage restraint act (1978)
6th five year plan: 1980-1985
Aim:
To work out alternative strategy & plan of action
for primary health care as part of national
health system, which is accessible to all section
of society.

Outlay: Total- 97500 crores
For health programmes- 1822 crores (5.4%)

Achievements during 6th FYP:
Alma Ata Declaration on PHC -1979 HFA/2000
AD -1981
National health policy 1983
The national drinking water & sanitation
decade -1981
Leprosy control programme switched over to
leprosy eradication programme 1983
Guinea worm eradication programme -1983

7th five year plan: 1985-1990
Aim :
To plan & provide primary health care&
medical services to all with special
consideration of vulnerable groups and to
attain health for all by 2000AD.

Outlay: Total- 180,000 crores
For health programmes- 3392 crores (1.9%)

Achievements during 7th FYP
Universal immunization programme -1985
National Diabetes control programme 1987
National AIDS control programme 1987
Control of acute respiratory infection
programme 1990
8th five year plan: 1992-1997
Aim:
To continue organization & strengthening of
health infrastructure & medical services
accessible to all especially to vulnerable groups
and those living in tribal, hilly, remote rural areas
etc.

Outlay: Total- 79,800 crores
For health programmes- 7576 crores (9.5%)

Achievements during 8th FYP:
Child survival & safe motherhood programme
-1992
Reproductive & child health programme
1994
Announcement of revised National Drug Policy
1995
Revised national TB Control programme
1997
Act on infant feeding & Infant foods- 1992
9th five year plan: 1998-2002
Aim:
"Growth with Social Justice and Equity" Same as 8th
FYP. Nursing education and nursing services have been
given a high priority in order to bridge the large gap
between requirement and availability of nurses and
ensure quality of nursing training. Efforts are made to
meet the increasing demand for nurses with
specialised training in speciality and sub-speciality
areas intensive medical and surgical care in hospitals
and for public health nurses in health care system.
Outlay: Total- 859,200 crores
For health programmes- 10818 crores (1.25%)
Achievements during 9th FYP:
Intensive Pulse Polio immunization
programme -1999
National Population Policy 2000
National health policy-2000
Guinea worm disease was eradicated.
10th five year plan: 2003 - 2007
Aim:
To improve the efficiency of existing health
care infrastructure at primary, secondary and
tertiary care setting Attain universal primary
education Gender equality

Outlay: Total- 9,21,291 crores
For health programmes- 9,253 crores (1%)

New Initiatives in the Tenth Plan:
The Reproductive and Child Health Programme, Phase
II (2005-10),
Janani Suraksha Yojana Support for six tertiary-level
institutions on the lines of AIIMS, Delhi in the six
backward states of Bihar, Madhya Pradesh, Orissa,
Rajasthan, Chhattisgarh and Uttaranchal
Integrated Disease Surveillance Project
National Mental Health Programme
A Capacity Building Project Expanding outreach of
AYUSH
Two new national programmes - National Programme
on Diabetes and Cardiovascular Diseases & National
Programme on Hearing and Speech Impairment
Recommendations
Implement a National Rural Health Mission
Implement a National Mission on Sanitation and Public
Health Provide access to maternity health Insurance
and community risk pooling
Systematise insurance at secondary health care levels
through reform of the CGHS
Institutionalise public private partnerships in health
care
Set up a Public Health Development Authority
Set up a National Authority for Drugs and Therapeutics
11th five year plan: 2008 - 2012
Aim:
To achieve an overall growth rate of 7.6%.
To reduce poverty levels from 38% to 25%
To achieve the literacy rate of 84% by the end of the
Plan and reduce gender gap in literacy to 14%.
To achieve reduction in drop out rate from 46.8% in
2003-04 to 20% by 2011-12 and eliminate gender
disparity in elementary education.
To bring down population growth rate to 1.62% by
2012. To improve health parameters-reduce MMR to
125, IMR to 40
To improve the sex ratio (06 years) to 950 females per
1000 males.
To reduce malnutrition to 30% and anemia to 30%.
To provide sustainable access to safe portable drinking
water to all independent habitations.
To empower women through their socio-economic
development
To strengthen social, economic and political
empowerment of weaker sections of the society
through welfare of SCs/STs, OBCs, minorities and poor.

Outlay: Total - Rs. 69,33,800 crores
For Health - Rs 2,24,030 crore
INTERVENTIONS RECOMMENDED FOR
IMPLEMENTATION DURING THE ELEVENTH
PLAN
-Launch a Sarwa Swasthya Abhiyan
- National Authority for Drugs and Therapeutics
(NADT)
- Public Health Development Authority (PHDA)
Recommendations for engendering
the 11th FYP
Promote the idea of Women-Governance
Better accountability and monitoring mechanisms -Sex
desegregated data
Strong enforcement mechanisms
Reconstruct poverty line to reflect reality - goal of "a
hunger-free India" or "food and nutrition security for
all.
Eliminate all forms of Violence against Women (VAW)
Redefine work and recognise women in the
workforce
The government on 4th October approved the
12th five year plan (2012-17) that set average
growth target at 8.2 percent.
The theme of the Approach Paper is
Faster, Sustainable and more inclusive
growth .
15-05-2013
41
12
th
Five Year Plan
Twelfth Plan Objectives

Basic objective : Faster, More Inclusive, and
Sustainable Growth.
Could aim at 9.0 to 9.5 percent
For growth to be more inclusive we need: Better
performance in agriculture
Faster creation of jobs, especially in manufacturing
Stronger efforts at health, education and
Infrastructure.
Special plans for disadvantaged/backward regions


Based on an intensive process within the Commission,
following "Twelve Strategy Challenges" have been
identified
1. Enhancing the Capacity for Growth
2. Enhancing Skills and Faster Generation of
Employment
3. Managing the Environment
4. Markets for Efficiency and Inclusion
5. Decentralization, Empowerment and Information
6. Technology and Innovation
Strategic Challenges
7. Securing the Energy Future for India
8. Accelerated Development of Transport
Infrastructure
9. Rural Transformation and Sustained Growth
of Agriculture
10. Managing Urbanization
11. Improved Access to Quality Education
12. Better Preventive and Curative Health Care

Strategic Challenges
12th Five Year Plan :
Sectors
Sector wise Growth Targets
Sl.No. Sectors 11
th
FYP (achieved) (in %) 12
th
FYP (in %)
1 Agriculture, Forestry & Fishing 3.7 4.0
2 Mining 4.7 8.0
3 Manufacturing 7.7 9.8
4 Elect. Gas & Water Supply 6.4 8.5
5 Construction 7.8 10.0
6 Trade, Hotels & Restaurant+
Transport, Storage & Communication
9.9 11.0
7
8 Financing, Insurance, Real Estate &
Business services
10.7 10.0
9 Community, Social & Personal
Services
9.4 8.0
11 Industry 7.4 9.6
12 Services 10.0 10.0
Growth Rate Targets
Agriculture


Target at least 4% growth for agriculture.
Cereals are on target for 1.5 to 2% growth.
Land and water are the critical constraints. Technology must
focus on land productivity and water use efficiency.
Farmers need better functioning markets for both outputs
and inputs. Also, better rural infrastructure, including storage
and food processing
States must act to modify APMC Act/Rules, modernize land
records and enable properly recorded land lease markets.

Industry
Investment and capacity additions are critical for
sustained industrial growth.
Need to grow at 11-12% per year to create 2 million
additional jobs per year. Growth in 11th Plan is in
8%.
Indian industry must develop greater domestic
value addition.
Tune-up FDI and trade policies to attract quality
investment in critical areas.
Improve business regulatory framework: cost of
doing business, transparency, incentives for R&D,
innovation etc.
Better consultation and co-ordination in industrial
policy making

Industry

Some sectors should be given special attention because they
contribute most to our objectives
e.g. Create large employment: textiles and garments, leather and
footwear; gems and jewellery; food processing industries
Deepen technological capabilities:
Machine tools; IT hardware and electronics
Provide strategic security:
telecom equipment; aerospace; shipping; defence equipment
Capital equipment for infrastructure growth:
Heavy electrical equipment; Heavy transport and earth-moving
equipment
Sectoral plans are being prepared for each of the above with
involvement of industry associations and the concerned Ministries
Education
and Skill
Development

Must aim at universalisation of secondary education by
2017
Must aim at raising the Gross Enrolment Ratio (GER) in
Higher Education to 20 percent by 2017 and 25 percent by
2022
Must focus on quality of education. Must invest in faculty
development and teachers training
Must aim at significant reduction in social, gender and
regional gaps in education. Targets to be set for this purpose
Research and innovation in higher education must be
encouraged with cross-linkages between institutions and
industry

Health
Better health is not only about curative care, but about better
prevention, Clean drinking water, sanitation and better
nutrition, childcare, etc. Convergence of schemes across
Ministries is needed.
Expenditure on health by Centre and States to increase from
1.3% of GDP to at least 2.0%, and perhaps 2.5% of GDP by end
of 12th Plan
Desperate shortage of medical personnel. Need targeted
approach to increase seats in medical colleges, nursing colleges
and other licensed health professionals
Health insurance cover should be expanded to all
disadvantaged groups
Focus on women and children; ICDS needs to be revamped

Energy
Commercial energy demand will increase at
7% p.a. if GDP grows at 9%. This will require a
major supply side response and also demand
management
Energy pricing is a major issue. Petroleum and
Coal prices are significantly below world prices
and world prices are unlikely to soften.


1. Power Sector Issues

We must set a target of 100,000 MW capacity in
12th Plan (against achievement of 50,000 MW in
Eleventh Plan)
Coal availability will be a major constraint
Hydro-power development seriously hindered by
forest and environment clearance procedures.
Himalayan States complain strongly.
Electricity tariffs not being revised to reflect rising
costs. Regulators are being held back from
allowing justified tariff increases.

2. Other Energy Sources

Nuclear power programme must continue with
necessary safety review.
Solar Mission is seriously underfunded.
Need longer term energy solution for cooking in
rural areas. Expand LPG network (with cash
subsidy for the deserving, not subsidized prices).
Also use off grid solar and bio-mass energy
Wind power development, including off shore
wind power, needs to be encouraged

Energy: Targets
Urban Development

Indias urban population is expected to increase from 400
million in 2011 to about 600 million or more by 2030
Critical challenges are basic urban services especially for the
poor: water, sewerage, sanitation, solid waste management,
affordable housing, public transport
Investment required in urban infrastructure is estimated at
`60 lakh crore over the next 20 years
We need to develop and propagate innovative ways of
municipal financing, through Public-Private Partnerships
(PPPs)
Land management strategies key for good urban
development as well as financing urban infrastructure
development

Infrastructure

Railways Western and Eastern Dedicated Freight Corridors must
be completed by the end of the Twelfth Plan
High Speed Rail link between Delhi-Mumbai and Delhi-Kolkata in
the Twelfth Five Year Plan
Complete the linkages between the ports and the existing road
and rail network. Need to deepen existing ports. Increase
bulk/container capacity
Ensure sufficient provision for maintenance of the already-built
roads
Invest in unified tolling and better safety on highways
Improve bus services/public transport in smaller cities, towns
and districts.

12
th
Five Year Plan:
Sectoral Contribution in GDP
Compared to 11
th
Plan (2007-2012)
Resource Allocation Priorities in 12th Plan

Health and Education received less than projected in Eleventh Plan.
Allocations for these sectors have increased in 12th Plan
Health, Education and Skill Development together in the Centres
Plan have increased by 1.2 percent point of GDP
Infrastructure, including irrigation and watershed management and
urban infrastructure, will need additional 0.7 percentage point of
GDP over the next 4 years
Use of PPP must be encouraged, including in the social sector, i.e.
health and education. Efforts on this front need to be intensified