COMPARISON OF

MASLOWS AND
HERZBERGS MODELS
2007 Prentice Hall, Inc. All
rights reserved.
162
What Is Motivation?
Motivation
Is the result of an interaction between the person and
a situation; it is not a personal trait.
Is the process by which a persons efforts are
energized, directed, and sustained towards attaining a
goal.
Energy: a measure of intensity or drive.
Direction: toward organizational goals
Persistence: exerting effort to achieve goals.
Motivation works best when individual needs are
compatible with organizational goals.
Prentice Hall, 2001 Chapter 6
What Is Motivation?
Direction
Persistence
Intensity
Motivation
A great man is one who can make a
small man feel great, and perform
great.

Theories of Motivation
Needs theories

Maslows hierarchy of needs
Herzbergs two factor theory

Maslows Hierarchy of Needs

PHYSIOLOGICAL AND SURVIVAL NEEDS
SAFETY AND SECURITY NEEEDS
BELONGING AND SOCIAL NEEDS
ESTEEM AND STATUS NEEDS
SELF- ACTUALIZATION AND
FULFILLMENT NEEDS

Maslows Hierarchy of Needs Theory

Theory
Needs were categorized as five levels of lower- to
higher-order needs.
Individuals must satisfy lower-order needs before they can
satisfy higher order needs.
Satisfied needs will no longer motivate.
Motivating a person depends on knowing at what level that
person is on the hierarchy.
Hierarchy of needs
Lower-order (external): physiological, safety
Higher-order (internal): social, esteem, self-actualization
Dissatisfaction
and
demotivation
Not dissatisfied
but
not motivated
Positive
satisfaction
and motivation
Hygiene Factors
Company policies
Quality of supervision
Relations with others
Personal life
Rate of pay
Job security
Working conditions
Motivational Factors
Achievement
Career advancement
Personal growth
Job interest
Recognition
Responsibility
Herzbergs Two-Factor Theory

Herzbergs Two-Factor Theory

Theory
A theory that identifies two sets of factors that
influence job satisfaction:
Motivators: Job content factors such as achievement,
recognition, responsibility, advancement, and the work
itself. Only when motivators are present will there be
satisfaction.
Hygiene Factors: Job-context factors such as salary,
interpersonal relations, technical supervision, working
conditions, and company policies and administration. If
hygiene factors arent taken care of there will be
dissatisfaction.
COMPARISON OF MASLOWS
AND HERZBERGS MODELS
Model of Maslows hierarchy of
needs
Herzbergs two factor Model



Work itself
Achievement
Possibility of growth
Responsibility
Advancement
Recognition




Status
Relation with supervisors
peer relation
Relation with Subordinates
Quality of Supervision
Company policy
and administration
Job security
Working condition
Pay
PHYSIOLOGICAL NEEDS
SAFETY AND SECURITY NEEDS
BELONGING AND SOCIAL
NEEDS
ESTEEM AND STATUS NEEDS
SELF- ACTUALIZATION
& FULFILLMENT NEEDS
M
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f
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M
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Ref- Newstrom, J. page no -105
COMPARISON OF MASLOWS
AND HERZBERGS MODELS
Explanation
*The similarities among the two models of human needs are quite
apparent, as shown in above slide, but there are important
contrasts, too.
*Maslow focus on the internal needs of the employee, whereas
Herzberg also identifies and differentiates the conditions (job
content or job context) that could be provided for need
satisfaction.
*Popular interpretations of the Maslow and Herzberg models
suggest that in modern societies many workers have already
satisfied their lower-order needs, so they are now motivated mainly
by higher-order needs and motivator.
* Both models are indicate that before a manager tries to administer a
reward, he or she would find it useful to discover which need or
needs dominate a particular employee at the time .
* In this way, all need models provide a foundation for the understanding
and application of behavior modification.
Ref- Newstrom, J. page no - 109
Difference Between Maslows And
Herzbergs Motivational Theory
Issue

Maslow Herzberg

Type of theory

Descriptive

Prescriptive

The satisfaction
performance relationship

Unsatisfied needs
energies behavior causes
performance

Needs cause performance

Effect of need satisfaction

A satisfied need is not a
motivator (except self-
actualization)

A satisfied (hygiene) need
is not a motivator other
satisfied needs are
motivator

Need order

Hierarchy of needs

No hierarchy

Ref- Aswathappa, K. P- 187
Difference Between Maslows And
Herzbergs Motivational Theory
Issue

Maslow

Herzberg

Effect of pay

Pay is motivator if it
satisfies needs

Pay is not motivator

View of motivation

Micro view- deals with all
aspects of existence

Micro view-deals primarily
with work related
motivation

Worker level

Relevant for all workers

Probably more relevant to
white- collar and
professional workers

Ref- Aswathappa, K. P- 187
REFERENCES
1. Luthans, F. (2005). Organizational Behavior. New
Delhi: Tata . Mc Gran Hill. Co.
2. Newstrom, J. (2007). Organizational Behavior.
New Delhi: Prentice Hall of India.
3. Prasad, L.M.(2008). Organizational Behavior.
New Delhi: Sultan Chand & Sons
4. www.slideshare.net/maryshannon/motivation-
ppt-1934279
5. www.bremertonnjrotc.com/powerpoints/leader
ship/maslow.ppt