Ten Years of Clean Air Act

Implementation
Department of Environment and Natural Resources
Environmental Management Bureau

Presentation Outline
Introduction
National Emission Inventory of Sources
of Air Pollution
Ambient Air Quality Status Nationwide
CAA Milestone Outputs
REPUBLIC ACT 8749 Philippine
Clean Air Act of 1999
An Act Providing for a Comprehensive
Air Pollution Control Policy and for Other
Purposes
DENR Administrative Order No. 2000-81
Implementing Rules and Regulations of
the Act
Sources of Air Pollution
1. Stationary 2. Mobile 3. Area
National Emission Inventory, 2006
National Emission Inventory According
to Pollutants 2006
NATIONAL AIR QUALITY
STATUS
National TSP Ambient Air Quality
Trend (2004-2008)
Improving air quality but still needs more efforts to
meet the annual guideline value of 90 ug/Ncm
NCR TSP Ambient Air Quality
Trend (2004-2008)
2004:160 2006: 142 2008: 138
2005: 154 2007:132
113
79
88
129
146
64
55
79
44
86
37
39
126
75
61
0
20
40
60
80
100
120
140
160
C
o
n
c
e
n
t
r
a
t
i
o
n

u
g
/
N
c
m

Name of Station
EMB AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING SYSTEM
PM10in ug/NCM 2004-2005-2006-2007-2008
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Guideline values:150 ug/Ncm (24-hr); 60 ug/Ncm (annual)








PM10 Annual Mean Levels at the PNRI Metro
Manila Sampling Sites 2001 to 2007
0
20
40
60
80
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
PM10 L evels , g /m3
ADMU NAMRIA P OVE DA VALE NZUE LA
Philippine
1-year
guideline
value
Source: PNRI
PM10 annual mean levels are in compliance with the annual National Ambient Air
Guideline Value of 60 ug/Ncm except Valenzuela station in 2006 and are in
general, showing decreasing trends in 2007 compared to 2006
PM 2.5 Annual Mean Levels at the PNRI
Metro Manila Sampling Sites 2001 to 2007
0
20
40
60
80
2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007
PM2.5 L evels , g /m3
ADMU NAMRIA P OVE DA VALE NZUE LA
US EPA
1-year
guideline
value
Source: PNRI
All sampling sites although showing a decreasing trend in 2007 compared with 2006
have consistently been in exceedance of the USEPA annual Guideline Value of
15ug/Ncm indicating a need to address fine particulate pollution
Station Location: San Carlos University, Cebu City; Xavier University, CDO;
Plaza Garden Park, Central Business District Lower Session Rd., Baguio City
Below the National Ambient Air Quality Guideline Values
4

4

2

1
0

1
5

1
4

4

5

5

5

6

6

8

0 5 10 15 20 25 30
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Concentration (ug/m3)
Y
e
a
r

EMB-CEBU, CDO, CAR
Automatic Ambient Air Quality Monitoring System with Telemetry Sulfur Dioxide (SO2)
CY 2003-2008
CEBU CDO CAR
180 ug/Ncm -Short Term
(24 hrs.)

80 ug/Ncm- Long Term
(annual)

Baguio Station improved by 18% from 2007 to 2008 but still exceeded the
annual Guideline Value of 60 ug/Ncm
Station Location: San Carlos University, Cebu City; Xavier University, CDO;
Plaza Garden Park, Central Business District Lower Session Rd., Baguio City
1
9

2
6

4
0

5
2

4
1

3
0

8
8

7
2

0 20 40 60 80 100 120 140
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Concentration (ug/Ncm)
Y
e
a
r

EMB-CEBU,CDO, CAR
Automatic Ambient Air Quality Monitoring System with Telemetry Particulate Matter (PM10)
CY 2003-2008
CEBU CDO CAR
150 ug/Ncm -Short Term
(24 hrs.)

60 ug/Ncm- Long Term
(annual)
Station Location: San Carlos University, Cebu City; Xavier University, CDO;
Plaza Garden Park, Central Business District Lower Session Rd., Baguio City

Below the 24-hour Guideline Value of 150 ug/Ncm
1
3

1
5

1
5

1
7

1
5

9

1
7

1
6

1
8

1
8

1
9

7
5

7
4

0 20 40 60 80 100 120
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Concentration (ug/Ncm)
Y
e
a
r

EMB-CEBU,CDO, CAR
Automatic Ambient Air Quality Monitoring System with Telemetry Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2)
CY 2003-2008
CEBU CDO CAR
150 ug/Ncm -Short Term
(24 hrs.)



Station Location: San Carlos University, Cebu City; Xavier University, CDO;
Plaza Garden Park, Central Business District Lower Session Rd., Baguio City

Below the Guideline Values
1
3

4

4
2

3
8

3
3

4
4

4
2

3
7

2
0

3
2

3
2

4
3

0 20 40 60 80 100 120
2003
2004
2005
2006
2007
2008
Concentration (ug/Ncm)
Y
e
a
r

EMB-CEBU,CDO, CAR
Automatic Ambient Air Quality Monitoring System with Telemetry Ozone (O3)
CY 2003-2008
CEBU CDO CAR
140 ug/Ncm -Short Term
1 hr. averaging time

60 ug/Ncm -Short Term
8 hrs. averaging time
1
1

5

0 2 4 6 8 10 12
2007
2008
Concentration (ppm)
Y
e
a
r

EMB-CAR
Automatic Ambient Air Quality Monitoring System with Telemetry Carbon Monoxide (CO)
CY 2007-2008
CAR
30 ppm -Short Term
1 hr. averaging time

9 ppm -Short Term
8 hrs. averaging time
Below the 1-hr guideline value of 30ppm (2007 & 2008) but exceeded the 8-hr.GV of
9ppm in 2007. Improved from 2007 to 2008
* Cebu City and Cagayan de Oro City Stations CO analyzers out of order
CLEAN AIR ACT
MILESTONE OUTPUTS
Developed the National Air Quality
Improvement Framework & National Air
Quality Control Action Plan. Prescribed in the
DENR Administrative Order No. 2000-82. It sets
emission reduction goals using acceptable standards and
control strategies within a specified time. The framework
shall be adopted as official blueprint to attain and
maintain ambient air quality standards
Designated airsheds throughout the
Philippines. Issued DENR Memorandum Circular
(MC) No. 2002-03 Guidelines for designation of
airshed & MC 2005-13 Guidelines for designation of
Attainment & Non-Attainment Areas.
Designated Airsheds
18 airsheds (13 regular and 5 geothermal
airsheds) have been officially designated,
including the establishment of respective
governing boards.

Designated Airsheds
1. Metro Manila Airshed
(NCR, Regions III & IVA)
2. Northeastern Pangasinan
(Region I)
3. Metro Tugegarao (Region
II)
4. Baco, Naujan, Calapan
(Region IVB)
5. Naga City (Region V)
6. Metro Iloilo (Region VI)
7. Metro Cebu (Region VII)

8. Zamboanga City (Region
IX)
9. Cagayan de Oro (Region
X)
10. Davao City (Region XI)
11. Agusan del Norte-
Butuan City (Region XII)
12. South Cotabato (Region
XIII)
13. BLIST: Baguio, La
Trinidad, Itogon, Sablan,
Tuba (CAR)


Geothermal Airsheds
Southern Negros Geothermal (Region VI)
Bacod-Manito Geothermal (Region VIII)
Leyte Geothermal (Region VIII)
North Cotabato Geothermal (Region XII)
Makiling-Banahaw geothermal (Region
IVA)

Prepared the following documents for the
operationalization of each airshed
Manual of operations (consists of 7 modules
which covers administrative and finance
aspects of the airshed GB operations)
Governing Board Action Plan
Work and Financial Plan
Issues/Concerns: lack of budget, lack of
quorum
Air Quality Management Fund

DENR-DBM Joint Memorandum Circular No. 2004-
01 Implementing Guidelines on Operationalization of
the AQMF.

DENR MC No. 2005-10 Guidelines on the selection of
qualified projects and activities eligible for funding under
the AQMF.

DENR SO # 2004-867 Creates a Special Review
Committee w/in EMB to review project proposals for
eligible funding to the AQMF
AQMF STATUS
Amount deposited in the National Treasury-
Special Account Fund 155 (2002 to March 2009):
Php 229,147,894.30 Million
Amount certified by BTr: Php 61,543,122.67
Amount approved by DBM: Php 60.9 M (SARO
issued in November 2008 and awaiting for NCA)
Established Ambient Air Quality Monitoring
Network Nationwide.

TSP Ambient Air Quality Monitoring
37 Manual Stations installed
nationwide
10 stations located in Metro
Manila
27 stations outside Metro
Manila


PM10 Ambient Air Monitoring
4 Manual Stations
installed nationwide
Location
NCR
Sn Fernando City
Cebu City
Davao City
Automatic Ambient Air Quality
Monitoring Station (AAQMS)
10 Stations (conventional technology)
Location
National Capital Region (5)
Region 4A (3)
Region 3 (1)
Parameters measured
Criteria Pollutants (SO2, NO2, CO, HC,
O3, PM-10 & 2.5)
Meteorological parameters (wind speed &
direction, relative humidity, temperature,
precipitation, etc.)


Automatic Ambient Air Quality
Monitoring Station (AAQMS)
4 Stations (open-path technology)
Location
Cebu City (1)
Baguio City (1)
Cagayan de Oro City (1)
Iloilo City (1)
Parameters measured
Criteria Pollutants (SO2, NO2, CO, O3 PM-
10)
Meteorological parameters (wind speed &
direction, relative humidity, temperature,
precipitation, etc.)


Conducted emission inventory of stationary,
mobile and area sources of pollution.

An ongoing activity, both in Metro Manila and other parts
of the country through the EMB regional offices (latest is
2006).

Management of Mobile Sources
Set, review and/or revise emission standards
for motor vehicles.
Hydrocarbon emission standards for motorcycles
and tricycles have already been set in DENR
Administrative Order (DAO) No. 2003-25
Revised DAO for approval
Emission standards for in-use motor vehicles
have been revised and contained in DAO 2003-
51 and further revised in DAO 2007-27
Adoption of Euro 2/II Type Approval Standards
for new motor vehicles effective Jan.1,2008 thru
DAO 2007-27
Management of Mobile Sources
Issued Certificates of Conformity (COC)
by DENR and Certificate of Compliance to
Emission Standards (CCES) by LTO to
new motor vehicles including motorcycles
and to imported second-hand and rebuilt
vehicles, respectively prior to initial
registration




Conducted emission testing of
motor vehicles prior to registration
Operationalized four (4) Motor Vehicle
Inspection Stations under MVIS Phase I, to
wit:
(1) LTO-East Avenue,
(2) San Fernando, Pampanga;
(3) Las Pinas City; and
(4) Cebu City.
Conducted emission testing of motor
vehicles prior to registration
To augment government efforts, Private
Emission Testing Centers (PETCs)
established, duly authorized and accredited by
the Department of Transportation and
Communication and Department of Trade and
Industry, respectively. Test equipment to be
used to be certified by DENR-EMB
Total PETCs nationwide (2003-2008): 575

Conducted emission testing of motor
vehicles prior to registration
To ensure quality data from PETCs and LTO
Emission Testing Centers, DENR, DOTC, DTI
Joint Administrative Order (JAO) No. 2002-1
was issued and underwent two revisions, JAO
2003-01and JAO 2007- 01 which set
guidelines in monitoring these emission testing
centers.






Status of PETC Monitoring Nationwide
(May 2008- Feb. 2009)
Cancelled : 1 (non-appearance)
Suspended : 9 (operating with
expired MVECT, uploading tampered
pictures)
Lifted : 7 (suspended due to
operating with expired authorization &
MVECT)
Source: DOTC-LTO
Intensified Anti-Smoke Belching
(ASB) Operations
Launched the Smoke-Free EDSA Project (2003)
Supported by government agencies, civil society and some
local government units in Metro Manila, the project aims to
reduce the level of air pollution from particulate matter by 20%
at the end of 2003.
Launched the Linis Hangin Program (2004)
nationwide multi-sectoral campaign to address air pollution. It
aims to reduce pollutants, especially TSP, from all sources to
acceptable levels by 2010
Linis Tambutso (mobile sources)
Linis Tsimineya (stationary sources)
Bantay Sunog Basura (area sources)


Nationwide ASB Apprehensions
(Source: LTO)
Year No. of Apprehensions
May-Dec. 2000 10,015
Jan. to Dec. 2001 14,070
Jan. to Dec. 2002 50,589
Jan. to Dec. 2003 22,899
Jan. to Dec. 2004 11,442
Jan. to Dec. 2005 15,858
Jan. to Dec. 2006 154,984
Jan. to Dec. 2007 11,556
Jan. to Dec. 2008 21,743
Management of Stationary
Sources
Air Pollution Permits/Clearances. Issued DENR
Administrative Order No. 2004-26 amending the
Rule XIX of DAO 2000-81 which removes the
Authority to Construct requirement and extends the
validity period of Permit to Operate for five years.
Tax Incentives. Issued guidelines to implement the
Tax Incentives provision under Section 13 of CAA as
DENR Administrative Order 2004-53
Management of Stationary
Sources
Accreditation of Third Party Source
Emission Testing Firms thru DAO 2006-
03 & recently revised by DAO 2007-25
14 Firms accredited (17 sampling teams)
Guidelines on the installation of
Continuous Emission Monitoring
Systems (CEMS) thru DAO 2007-22
Management of Stationary
Sources
Imposed fines through the Pollution
Adjudication Board (PAB)

Established the fine rating system for stationary
sources for actual exceedance of any pollution or
air quality standards set under the CAA and its
IRR through PAB Resolution No. 2003-04
Management of Stationary
Sources
Ban on Incineration
Issued DENR MC 2002-05 which clarifies that
any thermal treatment whether burn or non-burn
shall be allowed provided it will meet the
standards for stationary source (in view of a
Supreme Court decision)
Issued DENR-DOST Joint MC No. 01, series of
2006 (Technology Approval to be issued by
DOST)
DENR continues to promote the use of non-burn
technology
Improved Fuel Quality
Phased-out leaded gasoline nationwide in
December 2000
Reduced sulfur content in automotive diesel oil
from .20% to .05% in January 2004
lowered benzene and aromatics content in
gasoline from 4% to 2% and 45% to 35%,
respectively.
Sulfur content for Industrial diesel was set at
0.3%.
Set fuel specifications for Bunker Fuel

Stepped up public information and education
Articles/Fact sheets, brochures, primers and other
materials on clean air were produced
Trainings, seminars and workshops on clean air were
conducted
Breathe for Clean Air Modules for teachers and
students in early high school levels have been produced
Six 10-15 minutes video documentaries on Clean Air
were developed
Smoke Free EDSA Campaign and Linis Hangin
Program were launched
Yearly celebration of Earth Day and Clean Air Month


Released National Air Quality Status Reports

DENR has prepared the 2002 to 2004 National Air
Quality Status Report which summarizes the extent
of air pollution in the country, per type of pollutant
and per type of source. It includes an analysis of the
current situation and identifies trends in air
pollution. It identifies critical areas, activities or
projects which need closer monitoring or
regulation.

2005, 2006 & 2007 NAQSR in its final draft (for
printing)


Thank You and Lets All Act to
Clean the Air!!!

www.emb.gov.ph
426-2332/928-4430 (Air Quality Management
Section-EMB)